PC Screen Research Articles

Some aspects of web-courses in mathematics based on PC screen recorded video lectures

Some aspects of web-courses in mathematics based on PC screen recorded video lectures

Palliative care screening tools and patient outcomes: a systematic review

BackgroundPalliative care (PC) refers to providing patients with physical, psychological, mental, and other care and humanistic care services in a multidisciplinary collaborative mode with end-of-stage patients and family members as...

Understanding and forecasting consumer sequential multiscreen viewing behavior

Nowadays, consumers often sequentially use multiple screens to watch media content, so that firms advertise on TV, websites, and apps at the same time period to reach consumers widely. However, sequential multiscreeners may repeated exposure to the same advertisement and develop negative attitudes. Utilizing real-world data, this paper employs a zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model to predict consumer sequential multiscreen viewing frequency. Moreover, we quantify the net impacts of significant predictors on the sequential multiscreen viewing frequency and find that media factors (such as number of viewing devices, internet access, PC screen size, cellphone ownership, and device concentration ratio) have equivalent impacts as audience factors (including user demographics and past viewing behaviors) and the new created variable device concentration ratio has the largest impact. The accurate prediction and quantified net impacts can guide firms allocate their advertising budget more efficiently across multiple screens and avoid consumer overexposure to the same ad content.

Evaluation of a Rapid PSA Test for Prostate Cancer Screening

Abstract Background Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. This enzyme participates in the dissolution of the seminal fluid coagulum and plays an important role in fertility. The highest amounts of PSA are found in the seminal fluid; some PSA escapes the prostate and can be found in the serum. Aim of the Work to detemine accuracy, sensitivity, specificity of one-step PSA test (Fortel Test®) “FDA approved” for screening for prostate cancer in comparison to a conventional quantitative assay. Patients and Methods This Prospective cohort clinical study was conducted at tertiary care hospital at Urology Department, Outpatient clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University from January 2022 till June 2022 and performed on a total of 150 patients who were above 50 years old or above 40 years old with family history of prostate cancer. Results Our study results revealed that Fortel PSA test had high Sensitivity (97.2%), specificity (96.2%), positive predictive value (95.9%) and negative predictive value (97.4%) in accuracy of screening of prostatic cancer. Conclusion The Fortel PSA test is a simple, feasible, and reproducible tool for PC screening. The lower cost, ease of handling, and rapid procedure could make this test useful in the general practitioner or urologist office setting as well as for mass primary PC screening.

VR headset vs. PC screen as virtual learning tour interface for Chinese architecture heritage investigation

AbstractIn design education, integrating digital tools has revolutionized pedagogical approaches. This study examines the impact of VR HMDs and PC screens on learning ancient Chinese architecture using a virtual tour. Involving 22 students, it assessed simulator sickness, user experience, and spatial awareness. Results show VR had a more positive spatial learning experience but the same learning outcomes. VR enhances presence but increases simulator sickness. The study underscores VR's potential and limitations in ancient Chinese architectural education, suggesting future research directions.

Binding Mode-Based Physicochemical Screening Method Using d-Ala-d-Ala Silica Gel and Chemical Modification Approach to Facilitate Discovery of New Macrolactams, Banglactams A and B, from Nonomuraea bangladeshensis K18-0086.

Utilizing a binding mode-based physicochemical screening method using d-Ala-d-Ala silica gel, two new macrolactams, named banglactams A (1) and B (2), were discovered from the culture broth of Nonomuraea bangladeshensis K18-0086. In the course of our investigation, we found that d-Ala-d-Ala silica gel precisely differentiated the chemical structures of banglactams and separated them. However, we were not able to obtain enough of 1 to elucidate the structure due to its instability and insolubility. To overcome this challenge, we chemically modified 1 to improve solubility, enabling us to obtain a sufficient material supply for the indirect determination of the structure. Antibacterial activity evaluation of banglactams revealed that 1 binding to d-Ala-d-Ala silica gel exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus; however, this was not the case with 2. This research indicates the utility of our original binding mode-based PC screening method, and the combination strategy of PC and chemical modifications led us to discover novel antibacterial compounds.

Effect of health belief model-based educational intervention on prostate cancer prevention; knowledge, practices, and intentions

BackgroundProstate cancer screening is a crucial preventive element for improving the survival rates of prostate cancer. Therefore, our research objective was to investigate the effect of health belief model-based education on prostate cancer knowledge, health beliefs, and preventive health practices among adult and older adult males.MethodsA one-group pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental study design was carried out at the one-day outpatient clinics affiliated to General Alexandria Main University Hospital. We enrolled 110 men aged 45–75 years old in a health belief model-based educational intervention program. Various questionnaires were utilized to gather data before, immediately after, and three months following the intervention. These questionnaires included the socio-demographic questionnaire, Prostate Cancer Knowledge Questionnaire (PCKQ), Prostate Cancer Screening-Health Belief Model Scale (HBM-PCS), Prostate Cancer Preventive Practices Questionnaire (PCPPQ), and one question regarding the intention to undergo PC screening.ResultsParticipants’ knowledge about prostate cancer screening improved significantly immediately after the program and this positive change was maintained at the follow-up (p = 0.000). Furthermore, participants’ perceptions and preventive practices towards prostate cancer screening had changed significantly after program completion and at follow-up (p = 0.000). After program completion, many of the participants (92.7%) expressed their intention to undergo prostate cancer screening within the coming six months (p = 0.000). The younger age group (45–49 years) showed higher scores in their perception of prostate screening (p = 0.001). Higher education and income were significantly associated with higher scores in the three scales (p = 0.000 in all scales).ConclusionThe study findings emphasized the effectiveness of the designed health educational program based on the HBM on PC preventive behaviors, through significantly improving participants’ knowledge level, perceptions, practices, and intentions to PC screening. The program is highly recommended for prostate cancer preventive health practices among both adult and older adult males.

A311 EFFICACY OF PANCREATIC CANCER SCREENING IN HIGH RISK INDIVIDUALS

Abstract Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the 11th most prevalent cancer in Canada with about 6900 new cases in 2021. Due to late diagnosis, it is the 4th largest cause of cancer related mortality in Canada. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment over the past decade, the 5-year survival remains ampersand:003C10%, making pancreatic cancer one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. However, if detected early, the 5-year survival increases to 80%. The incidence of pancreatic cancer remains low. Therefore, the International Cancer of the Pancreas Screening (CAPS) consortium do not recommend screening everyone. Selective screening in high-risk individuals may be effective in early detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Aims 1. To determine the characteristics of patients undergoing PC screening at a single tertiary care center in Vancouver. 2. To determine the frequency of disease progression and outcomes in patients diagnosed with high-risk lesions during screening. Methods Retrospective chart review was performed for patients who were screened between January 1, 2005 to June 30, 2023. As per consensus from the CAPS Consortium, patients with at least 2 close relatives with PC, and those with predisposing genetic mutations screened using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in the study. Clinical data, such as age, tobacco use, genetic risk, endoscopic findings, and outcomes, such as disease progression, were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using Rstudio and Microsoft Excel. Results 73 patients were included, with 42 included due to pathogenic germline mutations, and 31 with familial pancreatic cancer. Most were female (52, 71.2%). Median age in the study was 54 years (range 24-74 years) at initial screening. 66 patients (90.4%) received an EUS and 7 patients (9.6%) received MRI for initial screening. At the time of initial screening. 74.6% of patients had a normal pancreas. 6 patients (8.2%) were found to have neoplastic lesions, e.g. ampulloma, neuroendocrine tumour or adenocarcinoma at initial screening and referred for surgery. In the median follow up time of 67.9 months (range 0-168.1 months), 6 patients were noted to have disease progression, 4 of which had increase in cyst size without any other worrisome features. 2 patients had progression to malignancy. 1 of those patients received chemotherapy and surgical resection and remains alive; the other patient was lost of follow up due to geographical move. Conclusions Pancreatic cancer screening in high risk individuals is effective in early detection and treatment. Given lower incidence of pancreatic cancer, we likely need additional patient enrolment to observe a significant improvement in patient outcomes. Funding Agencies None

Finding the PSA-based screening stopping age using prostate cancer risk

BackgroundProstate Cancer screening was not rational for people who were suffered from other serious diseases and had a low quality of life. Biopsy and Prostate-Specific Antigen based screening also had imperfect information, pain, and costs. Finding the Prostate Cancer screening stopping age was important because after an age, Prostate-Specific Antigen test was not recommended and patients should not perform subsequent procedures. It could reduce the economic burden of Prostate Cancer. In this study, we modeled the effects of Prostate Cancer risk and comorbidities on the Prostate Cancer screening stopping age. Methodsfirst, using a Markov model for PC progression, we provided a model for optimal Prostate Cancer screening stopping age. Second, we explored the relationship between comorbidities effects, Prostate Cancer risk and the stopping age. ResultsOur results suggest that the stopping age was an increasing function of PC risk and comorbidities effects. Screening should be stopped before 70 years. Finding showed that for men with diseases such as stroke or heart diseases, screening should not be performed at any age. ConclusionsPersonalizing PC screening through paying more attention to PC risk can improve efficiency of screening. The role of personal characteristics such as race, family history, and previous PSA in PC screening decision-making was highlighted by stratifying men in different PC risk groups to find their stopping age. Incorporating comorbidity effects shows that severity of comorbidity was a crucial factor in PC screening stopping age decision-making process.

A Comparative Study of the Sensitivity and Specificity of the Ishihara Test With Various Displays

Visual colour differentiation in clinical research requires colour-competent (CC) participants. The Ishihara colour charts (ICC) have established themselves as the standard for CC screening of colour vision deficiencies (CVD). However, the extent to which the results can be compared with a presentation of the colour charts on a smartphone display (SD) is currently unknown. The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Ishihara colour deficiency test depending on the presentation mode. Dental students (female n = 28; male n = 10; mean age, 23.5 ± 2.65 years; median age, 23.0 ± 13.0 years) evaluated 25 Ishihara test plates on their SD (n = 38) and/or a calibrated monitor (HP monitor, 22-inch; n = 18). The median size of the SD was 6.0 inches. Datasets with more than 2 failed charts were scored. When the Ishihara test charts were presented on a PC screen, the sensitivity was 94.4% and the specificity was 82.4% (0 mistakes: n = 14, <3 failures: n = 3, 14 false answers: n = 1). On the SD, a sensitivity of 96.0% and a specificity of 94.7% were calculated (89.5% were correct; 4 participants [10.5%] made <3 errors; and 1 participant made 21 errors). No significant difference between display modi (PC vs SD) was evaluated (P > .05). The presentation of ICC on an SD is useful and can be used for the investigation of a possible CVD of large groups. Comparable results to data projection can be achieved with a high degree of certainty. For CVD screening of larger groups (eg, students in preclinical training as part of CC training), the presentation of ICC on the SD can be used. This research was able to demonstrate that the sensitivity and specificity of the usual presentation method (Ishihara's booklet or data projection) is comparable.

Effects of real-time VR clinical practice on reducing the stigma toward dementia among students of occupational therapy: A randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to examine the effects of real-time online clinical practice using real-time virtual reality (VR) compared with 2D PC screening on reducing stigma toward dementia, and to investigate the feasibility of online clinical practice using VR. A single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Occupational therapy students were randomized to view occupational therapy evaluation screens for dementia patients using a VR headset or 2D monitor. The Attitudes Toward Dementia Scale (ADS), the Dementia Knowledge Scale (DKS), and Images of the Elderly with Dementia (IED) were assessed before and after the intervention. The level of clinical practice satisfaction and the System Usability Scale (SUS) were also assessed. The number of subjects in the intervention and control groups was 10 and 9, respectively. In ADS scores and IED, the main effect was shown in both groups and did not show interactions. In DKS scores, the main effect and interaction were not shown. The VR headset tended to be more usable than the 2D monitor in terms of usability. Satisfaction ratings indicated the characteristics of a realistic clinical experience through real-time VR viewing. Real-time VR and 2D online clinical practice could reduce the stigma toward dementia, but there were no significant differences between the types. The real-time VR experience was more similar to actual clinical practice than a 2D PC screening due to the sense of immersion, but issues in blinding and lack of audio and video quality were found.

Пример реализации управления технологическим оборудованием из устройств формирования виртуального трехмерного пространства

The article describes the developed technology of remote parameter monitoring and equipment control using virtual reality. The advantages of this technology and the VR devices have been considered in relation to the conventional way to visualize technological information of the SCADA systems on the screens. A SCADA prototype was developed based on a 3D interface displayed by means of a VR headset for operator to interact with the virtual objects. Scaled operating models of the mechanized roof support sections as part of the longwall system with servo-drives that ensure thrust and unloading of the section were used as technological equipment. The virtual control interface both reproduces the control objects and displays their response to the control inputs in an interactive mode. The paper presents a block diagram of the algorithm that features interaction between the interactive virtual objects and the physical models; a structural diagram of the software data exchange between the virtual reality and the physical objects, the front control panel on the operator's PC screen and the control interface from the virtual environment. The technology of process equipment control described in the article and based on displaying a 3D visualization of the SCADA interface allowed to change the level of operator's "immersion" into the workflow, enhancing concentration on the controlled parameters.

Prostate Cancer Awareness in the Middle East.

A better understanding of cancer awareness is crucial to allow the appropriate implementation of interventions to improve screening and diagnosis. While the incidence of prostate cancer has been reported to increase over the last decade in the Middle East, data on prostate cancer awareness in this region remains limited. Therefore, an assessment of prostate cancer awareness is critically needed. The current study addresses this urgent need by investigating the level of awareness of prostate cancer among the general public in the Middle East. A cross-sectional survey of men residing in 13 Middle Eastern countries was conducted in 2022. A validated prostate cancer awareness questionnaire was used to assess participants' knowledge on several domains of prostate cancer. Men younger than 40 years of age or history of prostate cancer were excluded from the study. A total of 4,431 men completed the survey. The median age was 49 (range, 40-81) and the majority of participants (81%) had a formal education. Most participants (90%) were married and only 30% had a family history of cancer. Most participants (84%) reported hearing about prostate cancer in the past but only 31% of the participants recognized that prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and 22% thought that prostate cancer affects both men and women. Awareness of risk factors for prostate cancer was low: 29% of the participants recognized family history as a risk factor and 30% associated increasing age with prostate cancer. Most participants were not aware of screening, specifically only 19% of the participants knew that PSA test is used for PC screening. In terms of prognosis, participants thought that the majority of prostate cancer patients (mean, 75%) die due to their disease as opposed to old age or another cause of death. Although the Middle Eastern men are familiar with the existence of prostate cancer, they are uninformed about the disease outcomes, risk factors, and screening. Overall, these results indicate critically low levels of awareness of prostate cancer in the Middle East. Thus, there is a vital need to target this population for practical interventions to increase awareness, in addition to screening and earlier diagnosis.

Analisis Risiko Ergonomi Lingkungan Kerja Fisik pada Karyawan Kantor Menggunakan Metode Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA)

The use of computers is now inseparable from office work completion activities. The place where routine business or commerce takes place is the office. Workers are required to spend nearly all of their time operating the computer while seated in front of the monitor due to the computerized system for office work. Long-term computer use combined with improper posture can result in eye fatigue as well as muscle and back injuries and fatigue. Work stances like sitting, composing, and gazing at a PC screen will influence the state of being of representatives. Employee performance will suffer as a result of poor ergonomic work postures, which will put employees at risk and make them more likely to become exhausted. Based on the rapid office strain assessment method, this study was conducted to determine the ergonomic risk analysis of the physical work environment in the work posture of office employees. The Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) analysis method was used in this observational descriptive study. A method for measuring ergonomic risk in the workplace at an office is the ROSA method. Perceptions were made to straightforwardly see the communication between work stances and office offices as office support components in 15 representatives who turned into the examination test. The findings revealed that 10 employees had a level of ergonomic risk that was low, while the remaining 5 employees had a level of ergonomic risk that was moderate. The reason for high ergonomic gamble lies in ergonomic offices that are not as per ergonomic standards and absence of representative mindfulness in making a solid work culture. Modernizing office facilities, spreading awareness of office ergonomics, and requiring employees to stretch are all necessary improvements.&#x0D; Keywords: Office Ergonomics, Ergonomic Risk, Rapid Office Strain Assessmentt, Work Posture

Evaluation and New Innovations in Digital Radiography for NDT Purposes

The identification of dental and maxillofacial sores has essentially improved with the utilization of digital radiography. A sort of x-ray imaging called digital radiography utilizes digital X-ray sensors instead of regular visual film. Time reserve funds from staying away from substance handling and the ability to move and improve photographs digitally while exposing labourers to less radiation are benefits. The high-energy non-destructive testing (NDT) applications are making progress thanks to the headways in digital radiography innovation. Digital radiography has various advantages, including the ability to make pictures in a flash and to introduce an excellent picture on the PC screen. This study investigated how a U-net profound learning semantic division model acted comparable to two picture quality boundaries: motion toward clamour proportion (SNR) and contrast-to-commotion proportion (CNR). The exposure factors used to make the information pictures, for example, kilo voltage, mill ampere, and exposure time, affected the nature of the radiography pictures that were delivered. The discoveries of this study feature the meaning of making a preparation dataset that is offset as per the quality factors that were examined to work on the usefulness of profound learning division models for NDT digital X-ray radiography applications.

Prevalence and grade of malignancy differences with respect to the area of involvement in multiparametric resonance imaging of the prostate in the diagnosis of prostate cancer using the PI-RADS version 2 classification.

The peripheral zone is histologically different from the transitional zone. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences between the prevalence and grade of malignancy of mpMRI-targeted biopsies that involve the TZ with respect to the PZ. A cross-sectional study of 597 men evaluated for PC screening between February 2016 and October 2022 was conducted. Exclusion criteria were prior BPH surgery, radiotherapy, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors treatment, UTI, mixed involvement of PZ-TZ or doubts, and central-zone involvement. Hypothesis contrast test was used to study differences proportions of malignancy (ISUP > 0) and significant (ISUP > 1) and high-grade tumor (ISUP > 3) in PI-RADSv2 > 2-targeted biopsies in PZ with respect to TZ, and logistic regression and hypothesis contrast tests were used to study the influence of the area of exposure as an effect-modifying factor in the diagnosis of malignancy with respect to the PI-RADSv2 classification. 473 patients were selected and 573 lesions biopsied (127 PI-RADS3, 346 PI-RADS4 and 100 PI-RADS5). A significant increase was described in the proportion of malignancy and significant and high-grade tumor in PZ compared to TZ (22.6%, 21.3%, and 8.7%, respectively). Significant increase in proportions and malignancy were described in cores targeted to PZ with respect to TZ, highlight the differences between PZ and TZ for ST (37.3%vs23.7% for PI-RADS4, 69.2%vs27.3% for PI-RADS5, respectively). Statistically significant linear trend was described increasing for malignancy, significant and high-grade tumors with respect to the PI-RADSv2 scores (change > 10%). Although the prevalence and grade of malignancy in the TZ is lower than in the PZ, PI-RADS4 and 5-targeted biopsies should not be omitted in this location, but PI-RADS3 could be.

Phonological similarity between words is represented in declarative memory as spatial distance.

Space can be used as a metaphor to describe semantic and perceptual similarity. Research has shown that similarity and spatial information can influence each other. On the one hand, similarity entails spatial closeness; on the other hand, proximity leads to similarity judgment. This spatial information can be stored in declarative memory and measured later on. However, it is unknown if phonological similarity/dissimilarity between words is represented as spatial closeness/distance in declarative memory. In this study, 61 young adults were tested on a remember-know (RK) spatial distance task. Participants learned noun pairs on the PC screen that were manipulated concerning their phonological similarity (similar vs. dissimilar) and reciprocal spatial distance (near vs. far). In the recognition phase, old-new, RK, and spatial distance judgments were asked. We found that for hit responses in both R and K judgments, phonologically similar word pairs were remembered closer compared to phonologically dissimilar pairs. This was also true for false alarms after K judgments. Lastly, the actual spatial distance at encoding was only retained for hit R responses. Results suggest that phonological similarity/dissimilarity is represented respectively with spatial closeness/distance and that this information is stored in the neurocognitive system of declarative memory.

Population Dynamics and Effect of Seed Treatment on Plutella xylostella Control in Romania

This paper presents a three-year study concerning the effectiveness of the OSR seed treatment with the cyantraniliprole active ingredient in controlling the DBM larvae attack in autumn and four-year monitoring of the DBM flight pattern, using pheromone sticky traps. The experiment and the monitoring were conducted at the experimental field from the National Agricultural Research and Development Institute (NARDI) Fundulea in Southeast Romania. For the field assessments, each OSR sampled plant was photographed in macro mode, and then images were downloaded and magnified on the PC screen to determine the DBM larva attack. The traps were placed in the OSR crop from mid-March till December and checked twice weekly. Data from the field assessment revealed a higher pest attack on OSR plants on 11 November 2020, when the DBM larvae attack degree was 16.26% in the untreated variant and 11.24% in the variant with treated seeds. The results evidenced unusually higher activity for the diamondback moths during November 2019, 2020, and 2022; the beginning of December 2020 and 2021; and mid-December 2022. This is the first report from the Romanian scientific literature concerning higher DBM attacks at OSR plants in autumn and high moth activity during November and December.

The effect of teacher presence on task performance in online classes: an exploratory study on gazing

ABSTRACT Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has caused difficulties in conducting face-to-face classes in schools; instead, conducting online classes has been encouraged. However, the effect of the teacher’s screen presence on students’ performance is unclear. This study (n = 60) aimed to explore whether students’ gaze during the task could predict their task performance and examined the difference in students’ performance when the teacher was present on the screen. Design In this study, participants were divided into three groups and completed an error search task to measure their concentration during learning. The task was performed on a PC screen, and each participant was monitored by the experimenter under different conditions. Results The results revealed that although students’ attention was drawn towards the teacher’s face (ps < .05), there was no difference in task performance. However, when the teacher’s face was not shown and only a thumbnail was displayed, students’ gaze was attracted more to that area, and their task performance decreased (r = −.446, p = .049). Conclusion It was suggested that when the teacher shows their face, and students’ attention may be drawn to it. Also, when thumbnails are displayed, students would perform better on assignments if they do not focus on them.

Threshold Determination Method for Detecting the Gazing Areas on a PC Screen While Silent Reading Japanese Texts

This study aims to develop a method that can detect the areas of Japanese texts that are difficult to read on a PC screen by analyzing eye movements. An effective method for detecting the areas of text that are difficult to read is to create a heatmap and consider the areas where the eye stays for longer than a fixation duration threshold (threshold). Usually, the threshold is determined through a 50 ms step search. However, since the eye stay time (fixation duration) for difficult‐to‐read text is longer than the fixation duration when reading smoothly, it is expected that steps that last longer than 50 ms are more effective at detecting the threshold. Furthermore, there are individual differences in the speed at which we comprehend text. In this study, we proposed a method that considers both the efficient search and individual differences among each subject. The experimental results showed that the threshold determined by the proposed method is more useful than the thresholds of 1000 and 800 ms that were used in a previous study, as well as the usual fixation duration of 250 ms. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.