Payment System Research Articles

A comprehensive survey of cybercrimes in India over the last decade

Since the 1990s, the integration of technology into daily life has led to the creation of an extensive network of interconnected devices, transforming how individuals and organizations operate. However, this digital transformation has also spurred the rise of cybercrime, criminal activities perpetrated through networks or computer systems. Cybercrime has become a global concern, presenting significant challenges to security systems. Although advancements in digital technology have enhanced efficiency, they have also opened new avenues for exploitation by cybercriminals, highlighting the urgent need for advanced cybersecurity measures. The escalating number of cyberattacks and associated risks in the past decade highlights the critical importance of protecting sensitive data and safeguarding information systems. Cybercrimes range from financial fraud and phishing scams to identity theft and online harassment, posing substantial risks to both individuals and organizations. In response, governments, law enforcement agencies, and cybersecurity units have intensified their efforts to address these threats. In recent years, India has experienced a significant surge in cybercrime incidents, with a notable increase in cases involving ransomware, data breaches, and social engineering attacks. The growing penetration of internet services, the expansion of e-commerce, and the rapid adoption of digital payment systems have made individuals and organizations more vulnerable to cyber threats. Key areas affected include banking, healthcare, and government sectors, which are frequently targeted due to the sensitive nature of the data they handle. To combat these risks, there is an increasing focus on public awareness, cybersecurity education, and robust regulatory frameworks. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of cybercrime, with a focus on developing innovative prevention strategies, strengthening internal security protocols, and classifying key cybercrime terminologies to better understand their implications for digital infrastructure.

The Application of Near Field Communication (NFC) in Public Transportation: Current Practices, Challenges, and Future Prospects

In the field of public transportation, the introduction of NFC technology can realize contactless payment and automatic ticket checking functions, significantly improving system efficiency and passenger experience. The article first reviews the development history of the public transportation system and the basic principles of NFC technology, and then analyzes the technical architecture and working principle of the NFC payment system. Through the cases of public transportation systems in many cities around the world, the practical application and effect of NFC technology are demonstrated. This article also verifies the transaction speed, stability and user satisfaction of NFC technology in the public transportation system through a series of experimental evaluations. The results show that NFC technology has excellent performance in terms of processing speed, system stability and user satisfaction, especially during peak hours, its advantages are more obvious. At the same time, the research also pointed out the limitations of current NFC technology applications and the challenges faced in practical applications. In the future, NFC technology will become more complete and is expected to provide passengers with a more personalized and intelligent service experience.

Consumer resistance to WhatsApp payment system: integrating innovation resistance theory and SOR framework

PurposeDespite an exponential rise in the frequency of online payments in India, the cause of consumer resistance towards the WhatsApp payment system (WPS) remains unexplored. This research is aimed at exploring the barriers to the adoption of WPS.Design/methodology/approachA research model was proposed using stimulus-organism-response framework and innovation resistance theory. Data were collected from 392 users of the WhatsApp application using the mall intercept technique, which also utilizes digital payment platforms. A co-variance based structural equation modelling was employed to test proposed relationships in this cross-sectional study.FindingsThe study findings indicate that personal innovativeness as a personal stimulus negatively influences the usage and value barrier, while negative word of mouth (NWOM) increases the intensity of tradition and the image barrier. Additionally, value barrier, usage barrier, risk barrier and tradition barrier were found to have a negative influence on the intention to adopt the WhatsApp payment system.Originality/valueThis research is an initial endeavour that sheds light on the consumer cognition resisting the adoption of the WPS.

Adoption of Cashless Payment Among Undergraduate Students: A Case Study

The increasing acceptance of cashless payment systems has led to a significant transformation in the global financial transaction landscape in recent years. As technology evolves and consumer preferences shift, digital payment methods are gradually taking the place of traditional cash transactions. This change not only facilitates financial transactions for individuals and businesses but also has significant implications for convenience, security, and financial inclusion. This paper investigates the key factors driving the transition to cashless transactions during this period, along with the benefits and drawbacks associated with society's growing embrace of this innovative approach to managing finances. The primary focus of research in this area revolves around the adoption and use of digital or cashless payment methods. A quantitative methodology was employed, and a questionnaire was administered to 113 participants. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 27. The findings indicated that Performance Expectancy (PE) and Perceived Technology Security (PT) played significant roles in the adoption of cashless payments among undergraduate students while Facilitating Condition (FC) and Social Influence (SI) did not significantly affect their adoption of such payment methods. This study provides valuable insights into assessing individuals' willingness, intentions, or actual behaviors regarding various electronic transaction forms, including mobile wallets, credit/debit cards, online payments, and contactless methods. Additionally, researchers can utilize these variables to explore the factors that influence users' acceptance or rejection of cashless payment systems.

Comparison of complications during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation between radiofrequency and cryoballoon ablation: insights from a nation-wide claims-based database

Abstract Background Few large-scale, real-world studies have compared the safety of radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablations (CA) with that of cryoballoon ablations of atrial fibrillation (AF), especially in east Asian countries. Methods This retrospective, cross-sectional study used a nationwide administrative claims database, to compare complication-incidence rates between patients who underwent RFCA and cryoballoon ablation of AF. We used data from Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd, that is derived from the health claims, Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) system, and flat-fee payment system in Japan. We first extracted hospitalization records with CA with diagnosis of AF. Exclusion criteria were 1) records with diagnoses of atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia, 2) patients aged <20 years old, 3) CA of AF performed other than RFCA or cryoballoon, 4) records with insufficient clinical data, and 5) patients who were prescribed both direct oral coagulants and warfarin. Complications were defined using the following ICD-10 diagnosis codes: major bleeding (I31.9, I97.1, J98.5, J048, J0021); thromboembolism (H342, I24, I269, I740, I741, I744, I748, I749, K550, K868, N280, or T790); ischemic stroke (G45, or I63); cardiac tamponade (I31.9, I97.1, or J98.5); and vascular access complications (hematoma: S701, S801, T140 or T810; and/or pseudoaneurysms: I72.4). Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for major bleeding, systemic thromboembolism, ischemic stroke, and cardiac tamponade. Results Among the 32,797,540 records between June 2011 and August 2020 from 426 hospitals, 41,347 records who underwent CA of AF (Median 68 [60–74] years old, 30.2 % women) were included in the study. A total of 36,729 RFCA (88.8%) and 4,618 cryoballoon ablation (11.2%) cases were included in the cohort. Major bleeding, systemic thromboembolism, ischemic stroke, cardiac tamponade, and vascular access complications occurred in 194 (0.5%), 193 (0.5%), 116 (0.3%), 414 (1.0%) and 115 (0.3%) patients, respectively. As a result of logistic regression analysis, when cryoballoon ablation was used as a reference, RFCA was associated with higher risk of cardiac tamponade (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09–2.25, P = 0.02), while it was not associated with higher or lower risk of other complications (major bleeding OR [95% CI ]1.21 [0.77–2.04]; thromboembolism 1.74 [1.03–3.22]; ischemic stroke 1.88 [0.94–4.47]; vascular access complication; 1.00 [0.58–1.87]). Conclusion Compared to cryoballoon ablations, RFCA was associated with higher risk of cardiac tamponade, using nationwide administrative claims database.

Health care provider payment schemes in Central and Eastern European countries

Abstract Background Health care provider payment schemes are key elements of the health care system that influence providers behavior, quality of care, and efficient use of resources. In recent decades, Central and Eastern European (CEE) counties have implemented various reforms that have changed payments methods and other elements of the purchasing process. The aim of the study was to provide an overview of the current provider payment schemes within the public health system in selected CEE countries and identify the main directions of their reforming. Methods Based on existing literature, a theoretical framework and data collection form were first developed. Next, desk research was conducted to collect data on provider payment methods and other elements of the purchasing process in primary care, outpatient specialized care, hospital care, and long-term care. The collected information was verified and supplemented though consultations with national experts. Nine countries were included: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. The study was conducted in 2023. Results Capitation, fee-for-service, and case-based payments are the most commonly used methods in the analyzed countries. The countries are increasingly using blended payment methods. Primary and hospital care have the most diverse payment method mix and have experienced the most substantial changes in their payment schemes since 2010. The most common changes focused on modifying existing methods (detailing payment categories, changing the principles of tariff valuation), and introducing additional methods to pay for specific services or performance (fee-for-service, bonus payments). Conclusions CEE countries are following similar directions in reforming provider payment systems, with the goal of strengthening primary health care, shifting emphasis from inpatient to outpatient care and improving cooperation between health care providers. Key messages • CEE countries largely use output-based methods to pay for health care services. • Provider payment systems are becoming more blended as countries look for the most effective payment method mix to meet policy objectives.

How Fintech Adoption, Digital Payment Systems, and Consumer Trust Shape Financial Performance of MSMEs

This study investigates the impact of fintech adoption, digital payment systems, and consumer trust on the financial performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Using data from 400 MSMEs, the research employs multiple regression analysis to explore the relationships between these factors. The results reveal that fintech adoption has the strongest positive influence on financial performance, followed by digital payment systems and consumer trust. Additionally, consumer trust moderates the relationship between digital payment systems and financial performance, highlighting the importance of customer confidence in driving business success. These findings emphasize the need for MSMEs to embrace digital financial solutions and build trust with their customers to improve their financial outcomes. The study provides practical implications for MSME owners, policymakers, and industry leaders, encouraging the adoption of fintech and digital payment systems as crucial tools for achieving competitive advantage and financial sustainability.

The Current Status of Digital Currency Development in China

Abstract: Digital currencies, as innovative products in the field of financial technology, are characterized by their decentralized structure and strong encryption based on blockchain and other technologies. Although your mention of relying on local area networks may be a bit of a misnomer in the broad sense, as the operation of digital currencies relies more broadly on the Internet rather than a single local area network, the concepts of digital encryption and decentralization it emphasizes are accurate. Legal digital currencies, such as the Digital Currency Electronic Payment (DCEP) issued by the People's Bank of China, represent a milestone in this field. They not only integrate the security and transparency of blockchain technology but also achieve a perfect combination of controllable anonymity and legal tender status through the deep integration of the generalized account system with the banking system. The issuance of DCEP marks an important step forward for China in the field of digital currencies and is expected to have a profound impact on the financial market, promoting the modernization and upgrading of the payment system, enhancing transaction efficiency and security, and at the same time, providing the public with more convenient and secure payment options, further integrating into and changing people's daily lifestyles.

National Health Insurance Claim of Pediatric Appendectomy With Mandatory Diagnosis-Related Group Payment System in Korea

IntroductionEnforcement of diagnosis-related group system for appendectomy under the National Health Insurance Service has gradually widened and since July 2013 it has been enforced in all medical institutions in Korea. We have analyzed Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service data to observe changes in claim patterns of pediatric appendectomy during this period. MethodsAll claims data for appendectomy of patients younger than 18 y from 2011 to 2015 were collected. We analyzed the following factors of all cases: age, gender, length of hospital stay, medical cost, method of insurance claim and region. ResultsA total of 112,143 claims were made for appendectomy during the study period. In that, 66,510 (59.3%) were boys and 45,633 (40.7%) were girls. Median length of stay was 5 d and median sum of reimbursement of each claim was 2,198,630 won. Annual number of claims for appendectomy showed a steady decline from 24,888 in 2011 to 19,070 in 2015. Median sum of reimbursement of each claim was 1,862,615, 1,975,500, 2,233,360, 2,376,700, and 2,468,000 won, respectively from 2011 to 2015. Reimbursement for complicated appendectomy increased from 4400 out of 24,888 cases (17.7%) in 2011 to 3865 out of 19,070 cases (20.3%) in 2015. Overall medical cost of all reimbursement for pediatric appendectomy increased from 46,113,202,580 to 47,572,253,300 won. ConclusionsFollowing the universal enforcement of the diagnosis-related group claim system for appendectomy by the National Health Insurance Service, we observed an increase in the median sum of reimbursement per claim and a rise in the rate of claims for complicated appendectomies. These changes were associated with an overall increase in national medical costs.

Policies, Progress, and Prospects for Internet Telemedicine in China

ABSTRACT Around the world, the adoption of digital technologies in health care has accelerated considerably in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to the emergence of the pandemic, China had already embarked on a private sector, technology enterprise-led creation of an innovative internet health care ecosystem, which has dramatically transformed China’s health care landscape. In this article, we describe the evolution of China’s internet health market, focusing on internet telemedicine. We trace its early origins with the establishment of information networks in the 1980s, to the emergence of a fast-growing internet health market in the 2010s that leveraged the capabilities of technology enterprises in e-commerce, logistics, and payment systems. Private health care platforms have played a central role throughout this transformative process. The supplyside of the market has a unique public-private mix structure, with the coexistence of public and private internet hospitals, and with the majority of telemedicine services provided by public hospital doctors working on private platforms in a dual practice capacity. We conclude with a discussion of the prospects of internet telemedicine, including how it should be optimized and harnessed to improve China’s health system. Finally, we set out areas where more research is needed.

Financial inclusion, ICT development and economic growth in WAEMU countries: evidence of governance

PurposeThe main objective of this paper is to examine how short- and long-term dynamics can be promoted through economic growth policies, financial inclusion initiatives, institutions and ICT infrastructure development. The study focuses on West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) member countries over for the period 2000–2020 and the empirical evidence is based on the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method. Our empirical results show that the synthetic index variables of financial inclusion, ICT infrastructure development and individual or composite governance institutions indicators are positively and significantly interrelated in both the short and long runs. A dynamic combination of variables is essential for WAEMU countries to achieve long-term economic development. Policy implications are discussed.Design/methodology/approachConsistent with our goal of testing the dynamics of financial inclusion, governance and ICT on economic growth, we will estimate our equations using the ARDL panel method. ARDL models or autoregressive models with staggered or distributed delays are dynamic models. The particularity of these models is that they take into account temporal dynamics (i.e. expectations, adjustment delays and inter alia), so we adopted a lagged autoregressive model (ARDL). The popularity of the ARDL approach also stems from the fact that the cointegration of nonstationary variables is equivalent to an error correction (EC) process.FindingsThe empirical results simultaneously depict strong endogenous associations between these variables in the short and long run. The short-run analysis indicates that economic growth, financial inclusion, institutional quality and ICT infrastructure development are strongly interdependent. These union states, in their economic growth policies, encourage the financial inclusion (access and penetration of bank branches) of disadvantaged communities. However, efficient institutional policies reinforce this sustainable growth. The efficient use of telecommunications infrastructure requires the regulation of informal employment in WAEMU countries for the better deployment of efficient, secure and cost-effective digital financial payment systems (fintech).Research limitations/implicationsThe findings in this study evidently leave space for future research, especially as it concerns considering how composite governance can be employed as a moderating indicator for financial inclusion. In conclusion, there is an interdependence between financial inclusion, ICT, institutions and economic growth. An effective combination of these elements can create an ecosystem conducive to economic development by promoting access to financial services, harnessing the benefits of ICT and building robust institutions. However, challenges can also arise, such as the need for appropriate regulations and security guarantees for electronic transactions.Practical implicationsGovernments should strengthen financial inclusion and promote policies aimed at improving access to financial services, such as microcredits, mobile banking and initiatives for the unbanked. Financial education is crucial for enhancing financial inclusion. Educational programs that teach citizens how to use financial services can increase participation and stimulate economic growth. Moreover, policies should focus on improving digital infrastructure, such as broadband networks and data centers, to facilitate access to the internet and other technologies and to promote innovation and startups. Governments should strive to create a balanced regulatory framework that encourages investment and innovation while avoiding excessive regulation that could hinder growth. Implementing targeted regulatory reforms to improve efficiency and transparency can enhance investor confidence and support a more dynamic economic environment.Originality/valueThis work constitutes a considerable contribution to the literature on finance, institutions and growth in WAEMU countries and in terms of methodology. The findings in this study evidently leave space for future research, especially as it concerns considering how composite governance can be employed as a moderating indicator for financial inclusion. In conclusion, there is an interdependence between financial inclusion, ICT, institutions and economic growth. An effective combination of these elements can create an ecosystem conducive to economic development by promoting access to financial services, harnessing the benefits of ICT and building robust institutions.

Digital payment systems in an emerging economy

This study investigates the factors influencing the adoption of digital payment systems in Cambodia, employing a quantitative approach with 359 Cambodian participants. The research integrates concepts from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the relationships between perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived usefulness, public attitudes, perceived behavioral control, financial literacy, and the adoption of digital payment systems. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study identifies a significant positive relationship between PEU and attitudes toward digital payment systems, corroborating the TAM's assertion that ease of use is a crucial determinant in technology acceptance. The findings also highlight the critical role of perceived usefulness, extending its implications to include convenience, security, and transactional efficiency. The study underscores the influence of public attitudes and perceived behavioral control on adopting digital payment systems, particularly in an emerging economy. In addition, it reveals the impact of financial literacy, not only as a determinant of adoption but also as a mediator in the relationship between public attitudes and adoption. Behavioral nudges are also identified as significant influences in this context. The research contributes to understanding digital payment adoption in emerging markets. It provides digital financial technology insights for practitioners, policymakers, and educators.

Factors Influencing Consumer Adoption of Mobile Payment Systems in Jambi, Indonesia: A Technology Acceptance Model Approach

Mobile payment systems (MPS) are rapidly transforming financial transactions in Indonesia, including in Jambi Province. However, the adoption rate varies significantly. This study investigates the factors influencing consumer adoption of MPS in Jambi, Indonesia, using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical framework. A quantitative approach was employed, involving a survey of 300 consumers in Jambi Province. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the relationships between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influence, trust, perceived risk, and the intention to use MPS. The findings revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influence, and trust positively influence the intention to use MPS. Conversely, perceived risk negatively affects adoption intention. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and mobile payment providers to promote MPS adoption in Jambi. Strategies should focus on enhancing the perceived usefulness and ease of use of MPS, building trust, leveraging social influence, and mitigating perceived risks.

Fragmentation of international trade: interim results, challenges and policy issues

The article analyzes key issues related to the fragmentation of international trade at the current stage of global economic development. The impact of economic globalization on disruptions in modern international exchange is discussed, including in the chronological context of the formation of the modern structure of international trade. The main channels of trade fragmentation are identified, including the ambiguous dynamics of cross-border direct investment, the aggressiveness of export control measures taken by key countries, as well as stresses observed in the global payment system. A separate aspect of the study was the analysis of national security considerations dictating the use of various subsidies, which is an additional determinant of the fragmentation of international trade. It is proven that fragmentation has led to uncertainty and increased volatility in global raw materials markets, and has strengthened the speculative and "financialized" nature of their development. In general, international trade under the influence of fragmentation should become more adaptive, and it is necessary to continue developing multilateral cooperation, but it should take place in a fundamentally different format and with the help of alternative instruments aimed at developing new trade models.

Payment and billing strategies to support methadone take-home medication: Perspectives of financial leaders of opioid treatment program organizations in New York State

IntroductionRecent federal regulatory changes governing the delivery of methadone treatment for opioid use disorder at Opioid Treatment Programs (OTPs) support continued practice changes towards greater and flexible methadone take-home medication. Existing payment models for OTPs were closely tied with onsite medication administration and thus misaligned with the need to conduct more and flexible take-homes. This study aims to understand OTP organizations' experience with the newly created OTP bundled payment model in New York State as an alternative to the pre-existing per-service payment model during 2020–2023 to inform financing strategies to support and sustain practice changes. MethodsThe study conducted semi-structured interviews with financial leaders and staff from OTP organizations in New York State. Snowball sampling supplemented purposeful sampling of OTP organizations based on their billing practices by. Qualitative data from 12 interviews (with 11 OTP organizations and 1 trade organization) were analyzed with an integrated (inductive and deductive) approach to derive themes. ResultsStudy informants recognized that the bundled payment model served to protect revenue in a time when OTPs had to pivot quickly to increase take-home medication to patients. Informants described a wide spectrum of practices to operationalize billing in the alternative payment systems, revealing confusion with the billing rules and significant logistical and technical challenges. Informants expressed concerns regarding the substantial difference between the full bundled rate, paid in weeks with one or more qualifying services, and the medication-only rate, reporting that extended (2 weeks or more) take-homes might not be sustainable under the two-tiered model with the low medication-only rate and advocating for a single bundled rate. Informants believed that increased take-home medication and federal regulatory changes had profound implications for the delivery of counseling services, the counselor workforce, and financial viability for OTPs. ConclusionsOur study of OTP organization experience in New York State provided data on OTP organization perspectives regarding the potential revenue-protecting effects of bundled payments and generated insights to inform future research and policy experimentation to support flexible take-home medication. Future implementation studies are needed to better understand the roles of financing strategies at large in supporting clinical practice changes in substance use disorder treatment.

The Impact of the Issuance of e-CNY on the Business Strategy of Commercial Banks

This article comprehensively analyzes the issuance background, main features, technical architecture, and the impact on commercial banking operations and regulatory systems of China's Digital Currency Electronic Payment (DCEP or e-CNY). E-CNY is a legal digital currency that has the essential functions of money and a centralized two-tier operating system, making it compatible and stable with the current financial system. The article first outlines the main characteristics of e-CNY, reviews in detail the research and development process and pilot situations since 2014, and demonstrates its application progress in various scenarios. Furthermore, the article delves into the profound impact of e-CNY on commercial banks' deposits, loans, and international operations, suggesting that e-CNY may reduce the deposit base of commercial banks while providing Chinas small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with a lower-cost financing channel, thereby promoting the development of the real economy. On the international front, promoting e-CNY is expected to enhance cross-border payments' efficiency and strengthen CNY's international competitiveness. Subsequent analysis of the practice of China Construction Bank (CCB) in the field of e-CNY showcases how commercial banks adapt to the era of digital currency. It also points out the need for further clarification and improvement of the regulatory framework to ensure the sustainable development of e-CNY. Finally, particular attention is given to the regulatory challenges e-CNY poses, especially regarding anonymity management, personal information protection, and delineating regulatory responsibilities.

Improvements in the randomness and security of digital currency using the photon sponge hash function through Maiorana–McFarland S-box replacement

Abstract There is a demand for a digital currency that facilitates remote trading over the Internet and strives to reduce external control, ensuring that transactions are conducted only between authorized persons or parties involved in the transfer. The financial sector has been significantly impacted by cryptocurrency, or digital currency, which brings new potential and challenges. The concept of digital currency is thoroughly examined, as are its complicated implications on various aspects of the economy. Trading digital currencies via the Internet may be vulnerable to theft and forgery due to the development of hacker programs. Therefore, we proposed to design a new digital currency and then built a 16 × 16 structure and filled the matrix with random numbers within GF(251). We used the random algorithm (Chun–Hui He’s iteration), then generated four directions, and used polynomial equations for the purpose of distributing powers between the parties in our future complete system. The original matrix was encoded with the photon sponge hash function after updating the S box by integrating the algorithms (Chun–Hui He’s iteration, Mariorana–McFarland method), and the results were good security measures (correlation coefficient, bijective property, balanced criteria, completeness criteria, and strict avalanche criteria) as well as the encryption and decryption time became faster (0.0005202). The major objective is to design a new digital currency system toward achieving security, scalability, and comprehensive adoption, looking into how it might improve security, promote financial inclusion, and change the present payment systems.

Investigating Blockchain Technology's Integration in Financial Services

This paper introduces a comprehensive analytical framework designed to assess the efficacy of blockchain technology in financial accounting and its broader implications for the financial sector. The analysis explores how blockchain can revolutionize financial accounting by enhancing both efficiency and accuracy, facilitating real-time financial reporting, and expediting audit processes. It also examines blockchain's current deployment across various financial domains, including insurance, banking, payment systems, asset trading, lending, and remittances, offering a detailed look at the technology's penetration and impact. The study identifies significant hurdles, such as elevated transaction fees and prevailing technical constraints, which currently impede broader adoption. It also discusses potential regulatory challenges and the need for sector-wide collaboration to realize the full benefits of blockchain. The results of this study provide critical insights for both researchers and developers within the financial sector, highlighting the transformative potential of blockchain and proposing directions for future technological advancements and application areas. This examination not only underscores the immediate benefits and challenges but also sets the stage for subsequent innovation in integrating blockchain into established financial systems, potentially leading to more robust, transparent, and efficient financial services.

Employer Branding and Its Relationship with Organizational Commitment: A Case Study in Peru

The study’s main purpose was to determine the association between employer branding and organizational commitment in a company specializing in technological solutions for payment systems in Peru. The research was characterized by having a quantitative approach, being basic and with a non-experimental – transversal design and a correlational scope. We worked with a census sample of 85 employees of the company studied, to which two questionnaires were applied, the first to measure the employer branding variable with 28 items, and the second to measure the organizational commitment variable with 26 items. Both instruments reported high reliability, evidenced by Cronbach’s coefficients of 0.967 and 0.925, respectively. The results showed a statistically significant association (r=0.690; p<0.001) between both variables, indicating a moderate-magnitude positive relationship. In conclusion, it is inferred that an adequate employer branding strategy is related to high levels of organizational commitment.

Understanding the Dynamics of Cashless Payment System: The Effects of Technology Advancement, Security Concerns, and Competition on Merchant Adoption in Hyderabad, India

This study examined the impact of technology advancement, security concerns, and competition on the adoption of Cashless Payment Systems (CPS) by merchants in Hyderabad City, India using a descriptive research design. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to business heads, and the data was analyzed using frequency tables, means, correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The study findings revealed that technology advancement, security concerns, and competition significantly influence the process of adoption of CPS. The study recommends that entrepreneurs nationwide recognize CPS, as an opportunity to show case their unique and distinctiveness to capture market share. In light of limited cash availability, digital transactions, classified by the RBI as 'prepaid payment instruments,' are becoming increasingly important, driving more merchants to embrace digital money for better transparency, scalability, accountability and sustainability.