Payout Time Research Articles

The Development of Environmental Friendly Biological Sulfur Recovery Unit (BSRU) For Sulfur Coated Urea with Slow Release Fertilizer Method: A Case Study in Field X

The absorption of nitrogen from urea fertilizer is significantly inefficient. Due to its solubility in water. This problem can be overcome by producing slow-release fertilizer (SRF) that inhibits urea from being dissolved in water. Sulfur-coated urea (SCU) is one of the SRF methods. Therefore, this study aimed sulfur-coated slow-release urea fertilizer using sulfur waste from the Biological Sulfur Recovery Unit (BSRU) in Field X. A total of 14 tons of sulfur cake was produced daily by BSRU in Field X and sent to the laboratory for composition analysis, followed by drying. Subsequently, the dried sulfur was into a powder using a hammer and sieved to achieve a size of 200 mesh. Based on the results, SCU with the sulfur to urea ratio of 1:1 and mixing time of 15 minutes exhibited the best performance in dissolution tests with the longest dissolution time of 5 minutes which was better compared to the uncoated urea. After 7 days of observation, spinach that received SCU was more fertile and greener. The calculated NPV and payout time were 88712 million IDR and 1.76 years, respectively. This indicated that the development of this study was economically attractive. In conclusion, the value of sulfur waste from gas processing was increased by using sulfur waste from BSRU as a coating of urea while reducing related environmental effects.

The impact of a zero-flaring system on gas plants, environment, and health

Continuous natural gas flaring wastes significant energy resources and increases greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to global warming. Our work provides an overview of a technique to recover flare gas and reduce CO2 emissions to a minimum level. There are two methods to recover flare gas: the recovery of natural gas liquids and sales gas production by existing LPG unit and the production of liquid fuels by mini-GTL unit (gas to liquid). This study was conducted using real data from the field. All cases were simulated using Aspen HYSYS software. The mini-GTL unit is modeled using an autothermal reforming method. CO2 emissions will be reduced by 107.68 tonne/day in both methods. Economic analyses revealed that the NGL and sales gas product has a net present value (NPV) of 77.03 MMUSD, while the mini-GTL product has an NPV of 73.7 MMUSD. The study showed that we could extract natural gas liquids (NGLs), including propane, LPG, and sales gas, from the flare gas or convert it to liquid products, including gasoline and diesel. The expected internal rate of return (IRR) and payout time (POT) for NGL and sales gas method are 150.73% and 0.27 years, respectively. The mini-GTL method is recommended due to Egypt’s petroleum fuel shortage and the best solution without an entry point to the Egyptian national gas grid in the plant. However, the IRR and POT for the mini-GTL method are 30.09% and 1.19 years, respectively, and it needs more CAPEX than the NGL and sales gas method.Graphical

The Synergetic Economic Evaluation of PSC Cost Recovery and Gross Split Schemes on Field A

In month of August, year 2021, there was an alteration in the production-sharing contract for this field. The contract previously used was Production Sharing Contract (PSC) Cost Recovery, which changed to PSC Gross Split. This contract comparison aims to synergetically evaluate the comparison of the two economic models and also to determine a more efficient and appropriate scheme to be applied to field A, as well as to analyze the parameters that can affect the economic indicators of field A. The results of the economic analysis that has been carried out show that the PSC Gross Split scheme is better than the PSC Cost Recovery scheme. For PSC Cost Recovery, the Net Present Value (NPV) obtained for 30 wells is equal to 13,848,000 US$, the average Interest Rate of Return (IRR) is 118%, the average Pay Out Time (POT) is 1.43 years, the Contractor Take is 20,740,000 US$, and the Government Take is 176,587,000 US$. Whereas for PSC Gross Split, the NPV obtained for 30 wells was US$ 37,906,000, the average IRR was 245%, the average POT was 1.30 years, the Contractor Take was US$ 52,544,000, and the Government Take was 136,402,000 US$. The sensitivity analysis that has been carried out shows that the parameters of the amount of oil production and the price of oil have a significant effect on both schemes.

Economic And Sensitivity Analysis Stimulation Of Coiled Tubing And Bullhead Combination On A Horizontal Well

Production decreased often occur in Indonesia's oil and gas fields which becomes a problem for oil well exploration. Thus the role of the company demands to be able to re-optimize the flow rate of oil production in the oil and gas field. One of the workover jobs was stimulation. The function of the work was to stimulate the wells mechanically and chemically which aimed to increase the productivity of wells that have experienced a decrease in oil production, in which mechanical stimulation was in the form of coiled tubing units and bullhead used chemical stimulation, namely acidizing and solvent. To prove the economy of the coiled tubing unit and bullhead stimulation work, calculations and analysis of economic indicators such as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payout time (POT) can be carried out. Where this study aimed to determine the economics of the stimulation project carried out on the horizontal wells of the RD field. The results of the calculation of economic indicators that will be feasible are not like this stimulated workover work project with an investment of US$ 133,053 acidizing coiled ribbing oil price of 68.51 USS/bbl thus the calculation of NPV @ 10% 60631 USS, POT 0.74 months, P1 9, is obtained. 73, IRR 355%, coiled tubing solvent well US$ 185,967.166 NPV@ 10% 98,431 USS, POT 3.94 months, PI 3.69, IRR 103%, bullhead acidizing well US$ 8858.31 value NPV@10% 218029 USS, POT 0.95 months, P1 45.16, IRR 1890% and bullhead solvent USS 72745 value NPV@10% USS 248586, POT 0.94 months, PT 52.53, IRR 1822%. Sensitivity analysis on stimulated workover work is carried out by changing the assumptions with 85% and 115% then the results obtained are the oil price value which is the parameter that most influences the NPV value then oil production, and capex. From the results of profit indicator calculations and sensitivity analysis, it can be concluded that the stimulated workover work in the RD field is all feasible because it meets the eligibility requirements of a project.

Improving Hydraulic Fracturing Productivity in Khalda Oil Fields (Western Desert -Egypt)

The hydraulic fracturing technique is used to create a highly conductive path between the reservoir and wellbore at an economic rate. There are two types of hydraulic fracturing based on the pumping schedule: the first is the conventional hydraulic fracturing which uses continuous pumping schedule and forms a proppant pack inside the fracture. The second is the channel hydraulic fracturing which uses intermittent (pulsing) pumping schedule and forms proppant pillars inside the fracture. The aim of this work is to study the factors affecting the fracture conductivity of the channel fracturing technique. Technical and economical comparison has been conducted between the above-mentioned two types of fracturing using real production data. The Fracturing Computer-Aided Design and Evaluation (FracCADE) simulator was utilized for this purpose. The results indicate that the conductivity of the channel fracturing technique is greater than that of the conventional one. The pulse time and perforated cluster length were found to have a significant effect on the fracture conductivity because of their influence on the pillar spacing. The results indicate also that: the cost of the channel fracturing is greater than that of the conventional one by about 26.28 %. However, the NPV of the produced oil by the channel fracturing is more than the same of the conventional one. In addition, the payout time of the channel fracturing is shorter which means a faster return of investments.

Pra Rancangan Pabrik Epiklorohidrin dari Diklorohidrin dan Natrium Hidroksida dengan Kapasitas 50.000 Ton/Tahun

The rapid development of the chemical, automotive and electronic industries has made the demand for epichlorohydrin increase every year. Currently there is no epichlorohydrin factory in Indonesia so that the industry's need for epichlorohydrin is met from imports. Therefore, the establishment of an epichlorohydrin factory has quite positive prospects for reducing these imports. The preparation of epichlorohydrin begins by reacting dichlorohydrin with sodium hydroxide with a mole ratio of 5 : 1 in 2 stirred tank flow reactors (RATB) at a reactor temperature of 80 ℃ and a pressure of 1 atm. This reaction takes place with an optimum conversion of 95.4% and is exothermic so water cooling is used to maintain the operating temperature. The utilities needed consist of 200183.1275 kg/hour of water, 74 m3/hour of compressed air, 2170.3770 kW of electric power supplied from PLN with a backup generator. The required fixed capital is Rp. 396 billion and working capital of Rp. 420 billion. Production costs (manufacturing costs) are Rp. 2 trillion, and general expenses are Rp. 616 billion. Profit before tax is IDR 100 billion and after tax is IDR 65 billion. This factory is classified as low risk with a Return Of Investment (ROI) before tax of 25.28% and 16.43% after tax. Pay Out Time (POT) before tax is 2.83 years and after tax is 3.78 years). Net Present Value (NPV) IDR 47 billion. Break Event Point (BEP) 40.69 % and Shut Down Point (SDP) 33.13 %.

The economic feasibility approach of the development of geothermal power plant 2 x 20 MW

The development of a geothermal power plant project can be implemented if the project is feasible and can provide benefits from the economic side. In this study, the economic feasibility calculation for the development of a 2 x 20 MW power plant project was carried out based on economic indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Pay Out Time (POT). The discounted cash flow method is used in determining the economic feasibility. The calculation results obtained for this power plant development project is not feasible because the NPV is US$ -31,336 million, IRR is 7.11% and POT is 0 year. Due to the uneconomical results obtained, a sensitivity analysis was carried out on the tariff price, drilling costs, and Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and Commissioning (EPCC) costs. With electricity tariffs regulated based on Presidential Regulation Number 112 of 2022, it is found that the resulting taxes in the area are not economical and there is needed for tariff adjustments, namely at a minimum price of 15 cents/kWh and 18 cents/kWh so that the project is economical. However, this price could not be realized because the price far exceeded the highest benchmark price set. Meanwhile, with these uneconomical and unfeasible results, a scenario of a loan was carried out to get better results with an NPV is US$ 528,000, IRR is 10.46% and POT is 28 years. Therefore, with a loan scenario, the project can be obtained as feasible.

Techno-economic analysis of integrated torrefaction and pelleting process

ABSTRACT In this work, a techno-economic analysis of an integrated torrefaction and pelleting process is conducted. The proposed integrated process is a single-step process to produce torrefied rice straw pellets. The proposed process shall work as an alternative to the existing multi-step/multi-site process that has multiple disadvantages. Like the conventional process, the proposed process consists of cutting, drying, grinding, torrefaction, and pelleting unit. However, the proposed process doesn’t involve any external binder as the pelleting and torrefaction steps are merged. The binding is achieved by utilizing the lignin present naturally in the biomass and softens during the torrefaction step. The techno-economic assessment estimates that the briquetting process with a production capacity of 30,000 tons briquette/annum could be very profitable and shows a return on investment (ROI) of 30%, payout time of 2.4 years and break-even point of 42% at a selling price of briquette of 73 $/ton.

Surfactant Enhanced Oil Recovery Improves Oil Recovery in a Depleted Eagle Ford Unconventional Well: A Case Study

Summary A simple huff “n” puff (HnP) injection and flowback using a nonionic surfactant solution to drive enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in a depleted Eagle Ford “black oil” unconventional well has been executed and analyzed. The pilot injection was performed in December 2020, with pressures below the estimated fracture gradient. More than 12,300 bbl of surfactant solution were injected into the 6,000-ft lateral. In January 2021, the well was put back on production with oil and water flow rate data being gathered and samples collected. Within 3 months of the well being put back onto production after surfactant stimulation, the well produced at oil rates over five times what it had produced before stimulation. The current oil rates (through October 2022; 22 months after stimulation) are still twice the prestimulation rates. Using a long-term hyperbolic fit to historical data as the “most likely” production scenario in the absence of stimulation as a “baseline,” incremental recovery was estimated using the actual oil production data to date. Economic analysis with prevailing West Texas Intermediate (i.e., WTI) prices at the time of production and the known costs of the pilot result in project payout time less than 1 year and project internal rate of return in excess of 80%, with only incremental production to date. These results prove the potential for technoeconomic viability of HnP EOR techniques using surfactants for wettability alteration in depleted unconventional oil wells. The well was chosen from a portfolio of unconventional Eagle Ford black oil window wells that were completed in the 2012–2014 time frame. The goal of the test was to demonstrate successful application of laboratory work to the field and economic viability of surfactant-driven water imbibition as a means of incremental EOR. The field design was based on laboratory work completed on oil and brine samples from the well of interest, with rock sampled from a nearby well at the same depth. The technical and economic objectives of the field test were to (1) inject surfactant solution to contact sufficient matrix surface area that measurable and economically attractive amounts of oil could be mobilized, (2) measure the amount of surfactant produced in the flowback stream to determine the amount of surfactant retained in the reservoir, and (3) prove the concept of using wettability alteration in conjunction with residual well energy in a depleted well to achieve economically attractive incremental recovery. Surfactant selection was completed in the laboratory using oil and brine gathered from potential target wells, and rock from nearby wells completed in the same strata. Several surfactant formulations were tested, and a final nonionic formulation was chosen on the basis of favorable wettability alteration and improved spontaneous imbibition recovery. The design for the pilot relied on rules of thumb derived from unconventional completion parameters. Rates, pressures, and injectant composition were carefully controlled for the single-day “bullhead” injection. Soak time between injection and post-stimulation restart of production was inferred from laboratory-scale imbibition trials. Post-stimulation samples were gathered, while daily oil and water rates were monitored since production restart. Flowback samples were analyzed for total dissolved solids (TDS), ions, and surfactant concentration.

Is Regulatory Approval without Autonomous Operation for Natural Extract Manufacturing under Economic Competitiveness and Climate-Neutrality Demands Still Permissible?

Natural extracts are broadly utilized as remedies, nutrition additives, cosmetics or flavors as well as natural pesticides, fungicides or herbicides. Green manufacturing technologies are of added market value and are sustainable towards the climate neutrality politically demanded for 2045. The concept of digital twins involves experimentally distinct validated process models combined with process analytical technology that is to be adapted to the existing operations. This is a key technology for the autonomous operations in industry 4.0. This paper exemplifies this approach and evaluates the results of the application and implementation efforts of regulated industries. A conductivity sensor for the measurement of the dry residue content and/or Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy for marker/lead or reference substance concentration determination are the most feasible and straight forward solutions. Different process control concepts from simple PID controllers (proportional, integral and differential) to advanced process control using digital twin models are evaluated and discussed in terms of industrialization efforts and benefits. The global warming potential CO2 equivalent per kg of natural product could be decreased by a factor of 5–10 as well as the cost of goods, which makes the pay-out time for the industrialization investment less than 1 year and the approach highly competitive. The success rate of the extraction process under regulatory constraints can be raised to 100%, reducing waste, overall solvent consumption, personnel efforts and energy requirements to a minimum.

Predesign of Rice Straw-Based Cellulose Plant with Steam Explosion Method

Cellulose is one of the main components of plants, depending on the plants, the cellulose content can be up to 98%. Cellulose has a wide range of use. It can be used in the food industries, pharmacy, paper, and chemical industries. To extract the cellulose from biomass, the biomass needs to undergo a pre-treatment. This study uses steam explosion pre-treatment as it does not cause hazards to the environment, has low energy cost, and low investment cost. In this pre-treatment, steam will be injected into the biomass until the pressure reach 15 bar, then decline rapidly to make an explosion that causes damage to cellulose crystalline. After that, the process continues to main process, which are washing, and alcohol extraction. Then continued to alcohol recovery. After considering many factors, a cellulose plant from rice straw will be built in 2023 in industrial parks Java Integrated Industrial and Ports Estate or known as JIIPE with a capacity of 370,000 tons/ year. Based on economic analysis, this plant has an internal rate of return of 35.17% and a payout time of 3.98 years. This makes this plant feasible to be built.

A strategy to maximize astaxanthin production from Haematococcus pluvialis in a cost-effective process by utilizing a PBR-LGP-PBR array (PLPA) hybrid system using light guide panel (LGP) and solar cells

This study evaluated economic feasibility through production efficiency, return on investment (ROI) and payout time of a hybrid system using a photobioreactor (PBR)-light guide panel (LGP)-PBR array (PLPA) and solar cells developed for astaxanthin and ω-3 FA simultaneous production of Haematococcus pluvialis. The economic feasibility of the PLPA hybrid system (8 PBRs) and the PBR-PBR-PBR array (PPPA) system (8 PBRs) was evaluated for producing high-value products while effectively reducing CO2. Introducing a PLPA hybrid system has increased the amount of culture per area by 1.6 times. Also, the shading effect was effectively suppressed with an LGP placed between each PBR, increasing biomass and astaxanthin productivity by 3.39-fold and 4.79-fold, respectively compared to the untreated H. pluvialis cultures. In addition, ROI increased by 6.55 and 4.71 times, and the payout time was reduced by 1.34 and 1.37 times, respectively in 10 and 100-ton scale processes.

Donor Advised Funds & Delay: An Intergenerational Justice Solution?

AbstractMuch writing on Donor Advised Funds (DAFs) relates to whether they ‘unduly’ delay the direct application of donated funds to achieve public benefit. However, the discussion rarely touches on a normative basis for determining what is ‘undue’ or that can be used to shape potential reforms, which are typically framed with reference to a private foundation payout rate or time limit for expending contributions. Research on charity accumulation conducted across the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, suggests that the normative principle of intergenerational justice is helpful for grounding such discussions (Murray, I. 2021.Charity Law and Accumulation: Maintaining an Intergenerational Balance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). This article considers intergenerational justice in the context of DAFs and considers whether the principle can be implemented in ways that support DAF sponsor independence and flexibility. One way that this could be achieved is by imposing (or enforcing existing) procedural obligations on decision-makers to give genuine consideration to intergenerational justice when making decisions about how much to spend and retain.

Economic Feasibility Analysis of Fishing Job Operation in Well YS13

Oil consumption in Indonesia has increased from year to year. However, the increasing demand for oil and natural gas is inversely proportional to oil and gas production, which always declines from year to year. One of the factors causing the decline in production is the well damage. Well YS13 is a well that is damaged in the form of fish in the well. A fishing job is the most appropriate option to solve the problem of the presence of fish in the well because the fish in the well must be removed to continue well production activities or drilling activities. This study aimed to determine the economic feasibility of fishing job activities to be carried out at the YS13 well. The research begins with the preparation of the required data, then calculate the predicted production of the YS13 well with the decline curve method, estimates the cost of the fishing job, and economic fishing time (EFT). And determines the economic feasibility of the fishing job project by calculating profit indicators, namely Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Pay Out Time (POT). The results of calculations using the decline curve method obtained that the total production for 20 months is 4293.52 bbl. The EFT value is 3 days with Ps = 10% and the total cost of fishing is $28.657,70. The economic value of the project with discount rate = 12%, MARR = 12%, NPV = $147.367,20, IRR = 114%, and POT = 1.44. From the results of the calculation of the economic feasibility, the project is considered feasible to be carried out.

Modelling Flare Gas Recovery System for Recovery and Utilization of Stranded Associated Gas in the Niger Delta

In this paper, the modeling of a flare gas recovery system (FRGRS) for the recovery and utilization of stranded associated gas in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was investigated. The gas recovery system is a novel modular plant with several integrated units and operational features. The FGRS was modeled for the recovery, treatment, processing of stranded associated gas. Two cases were considered, one was the compression of the treated gas from the FGRS to pipeline as sales gas while the other was the conversion of the treated gas to premium transport liquids by gas-to-liquids technology. 25 MMScfd of recovered stranded associated flare gas was used as feedstock and it yielded 23.22 MMscfd of treated natural gas and 1.77 Mscfd of acid gas. The treated gas met all pipeline sales gas specifications. In modeling the GTL plant, an autothermal reforming method of synthesis gas production was used and an H₂/CO ratio of 2.33 was recovered which was acceptable for Fisher-Tropsch reaction downstream. The entire GTL plant simulation was modeled in Honeywell Unisim with Peng-Robinson as the fluid property package. Gas-to-liquids (GTL) product produced from the 23.22 Mscfd treated gas fed to the GTL plant were 2350 b/d of liquid transport fuels comprising 1100 b/d of diesel and 1250 b/d of gasoline. Economic analyses revealed thata net present value (NPV) of US$ 109.9 million was realized from the sales of GTL liquids while an NPV of US$58.5 million was realized from the sales of pipeline quality gas. Thus, the sales of GTL products represent an increase in NPV of 87.8% when compared with that of pipeline gas. However, the Pay-out time (POT) for pipeline sales gaswas 1.16 years, the internal rate of return (IRR) was 86% while the profit-per-dollar invested was 16.18. Furthermore, the pay-out time for GTL product sale was 5.29 years, the internal rate of return was 18.3% and the profit-per-dollar invested was 2.78. The project showed that the gas may be sold outright (as pipeline gas) if the market was available and in the absence of a ready market for the gas, the gas could be converted to liquids that are easier to store and have greater market potentials in the long run.

Feasibility aspect in utilizing spent bleaching earth waste for briquette, fertilizer and oil recovery

Spent bleaching earth (SBE) is a bleaching agent used in the refining process for crude palm oil, was previously classified as hazardous and toxic waste because it contains oil residues that reach 20 – 40%. The potential for SBE waste is very high, reaching 4.8 million tons per year, which makes its utilization very important. Due to the large amount of SBE potential waste and its oil content, this waste can be utilized in recovery oil, fertilizers, and briquettes. There have been many SBE utilization studies on a laboratory scale but not equipped with appropriate feasibility aspects for its application in industry. The aim of this study were to obtain technical and economic parameters in utilization of SBE waste. Literature study and mass-energy balance calculation were conducted to obtain basis design operating parameters and production capacity of each utilization. Then, economic analysis with chemical plant cashflow method were calculated to obtain internal rate of return, pay-out time and benefit/cost (B/C) ratio. From this study, it is shown that utilization waste SBE for briquette, fertilizer and oil recovery was feasible with the highest B/C ratio 1.81 for briquette.

Modeliranje GTL-koprodukcije energije kao sredstvo za optimizaciju GTL postrojenja

Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technologies have the potential to convert associated flare gases into premium transport liquids, creating a market for the otherwise stranded resource. However, the capital cost of GTL plants has over the years hampered the choice of the project. The drive for GTL is improved by optimization of the plant such that its efficiency and profitability is increased. One such notable improvement in GTL plant configuration is the integration of power production unit in the GTL process plant such that GTL liquids production and electricity production can occur concurrently in the same plant. This method generally called GTL-power co-production will increase the overall efficiency and profitability of existing GTL plant process and present ways to economically optimize the heat loss through the by-product streams (steam and flue gas streams). The utilization of the by-product streams will account for reductions in thermal inefficiencies within the GTL plant process. In this work, additional unit is added to the 863.3 m3 /d GTL product plant configuration to utilize the by-product steam stream for electricity generation. This additional electricity unit generated 10 MW of electricity increasing the net present value (NPV) of the plant by 4.72% while the net cash recovery (NCR) increased by 3.87%. Furthermore the pay-out time reduced by 2%. The GTL-Electricity co-production has proven to be a means of optimizing GTL plant, having capability to yield more profits due to reduced capital and operational expenses than if the plants were operated separately.

A Techno-Economic Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Conversion to Energy in Indonesia

Municipal solid waste (MSW) processing is still problematic in Indonesia. From the hierarchy of waste management, it is clear that energy recovery from waste could be an option after prevention and the 5R (rethink, refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle) processes. The Presidential Regulation No 35/2018 mandated the acceleration of waste-to-energy (WtE) plant adoption in Indonesia. The present study aimed to demonstrate a techno-economic evaluation of a commercial WtE plant in Indonesia by processing 1000 tons of waste/day to produce ca. 19.7 MW of electricity. The WtE electricity price is set at USD 13.35 cent/kWh, which is already higher than the average household price at USD 9.76 cent/kWh. The capital investment is estimated at USD 102.2 million. The annual operational cost is estimated at USD 12.1 million and the annual revenue at USD 41.6 million. At this value, the internal rate of return (IRR) for the WtE plant is 25.32% with a payout time (PoT) of 3.47 years. In addition, this study also takes into account electricity price sales, tipping fee, and pretreatment cost of waste. The result of a sensitivity analysis showed that the electricity price was the most sensitive factor. This study reveals that it is important to maintain a regulated electricity price to ensure the sustainability of the WtE plant in Indonesia.

The research of the gas wells bottomhole formation zone treatment efficiency

The final stage of development of natural gas fields is characterized by depletion of reservoir energy, deterioration of the bottomhole formation zone, which leads to low gas and condensate flow rates. Development of new and improvement of existing technologies for stimulation of oil and gas production for the conditions of Ukrainian fields should be carried out taking into account the fact that most fields are in the final stage of development; production wells are mainly marginal, water-flooded and are characterized by a significant decrease in the natural filtration properties of the bottomhole formation zone due to its colmatage with filtrates and dispersed particles used in drilling, well operation or workover, deposits of resins, asphaltens, paraffins, forming of high viscosity emulsions, swelling of the clay particles of the formation present in the reservoir, and the presence of other clogging agents. The well, its bottomhole zone and the formation part between the wells are interconnected and interacting elements of a single system. Failure to take into account the features and degree of impact of the bottomhole formation zone as one of the system’s elements leads to a general decrease in the development efficacy of the field as a whole. Therefore, the choice of technologies for the impact on the bottomhole formation zone requires a very careful assessment, taking into account the technological efficiency and payout time. The aim of the research is to determine the influence of the bottomhole formation treatment parameters on the well productivity. The tasks have been performed by analyzing the literature and conducting analytical calculations of the impact of various parameters of the treatment zone on the flow rate of the well. The described methods and results of calculations can be implemented in production when planning the action on the bottomhole formation zone by selecting the optimal treatment parameters at different stages of field development.

EVALUASI KEEKONOMIAN KERJA ULANG PINDAH LAPISAN DENGAN METODE PERFORASI SUMUR PRODUKSI

The problem is that there is no certainty about the production capacity of the wells before evaluating the performance of production wells. The research objective was to describe the condition of oil and gas reserves in production wells and an economic picture of the MBR production resources after the recovery period by moving layers using the perforation method. This study used a used research method with a case study approach, namely the case that occurred in the MBR production well of PT. Medco E&P Tarakan operation area. The results of the evaluation of production capacity after displacement recovery based on the analysis of logging data at a depth of 850 MZ, it is known that the initial oil reserves (OOIP) are 284,304 STB with a recovery factor of 25%. The results of the calculation of the economic indicator for the proposed perforation of work to move layers, the total value of NPV. 15% was obtained in the eighth month in total lifting of 28,466, namely USD 123.561, the payout time for this work was 1.8 months with an IRR of 340% indicating that investment has the potential to provide benefits.