Patterns Of Prejudice Research Articles

Silence, Empowerment, and Speaking Up: A Transcultural Analysis of Southeast Asian Female Marriage Immigrants’ Nonfiction Writing in Taiwan

ABSTRACT This study aims to present a sociocultural analysis of the linguistic experience of South Asian women who immigrate to Taiwan to marry Taiwanese men. In Taiwan, foreign wives and their husbands and children have gradually become a new multicultural, multi-ethnic social group. We argue that because of the power gap between the narrators (who write in Chinese) and the narrative subjects (who are unable to ‘write back' in Chinese), language has powerfully impacted the patterns of prejudice and the construction of subjects’ identities. Marriage immigrants are often subjected to the negative stereotypes created and exaggerated by language standardisation within a dominant ideology. Learning Chinese empowers them to gradually engage in social participation outside of their families in the public space. Written in Chinese, their nonfiction works represent a narrative turn in Taiwan. In this manner, a range of voices are actively resisting discriminatory acts. The foreign wives ask not only for basic rights such as legal residency and work permits but also for the right to enjoy equal and shared cultural interaction in Taiwan. This study shows that language acquisition and writing is an effective means of promoting equal exchange and dialogue between cultures within the broader transformations of globalisation.

The Aesthetics of Dehumanization: Anti-Roma Narratives in Italian Far-Right Propaganda, 2017–2022

Abstract: Beginning in the early 2010s, Italy has seen a new wave of popularization of far-right populist forces in institutional political contexts. Parties such as the Lega (League) and Fratelli d'Italia (Brothers of Italy) have engaged in campaigns of legitimation of ideologies based on ethnonationalist assumptions and racial exclusion that have become increasingly normalized within the public debate. This article analyzes the implementation of dehumanizing aesthetics in the propaganda of today's Italian far-right movements as applied to the discrimination of Roma minorities. Informed by old patterns of prejudice, the general storytelling around Roma in Italy is framed within fearful imaginaries of threat exploited by far-right groups to legitimize racist discourses and promote exclusionary policy agendas. The discussion considers the ability of far-right movements to use popular social media platforms for the diffusion of dehumanizing narratives that attempt to influence people's perception of Roma in public discourse. This article dissects some of the main elements informing anti-Roma narratives in the Italian political scene by considering a selection of case studies drawn from Facebook and Twitter profiles of institutional Italian far-right leaders. The discussion explores the connection between online and offline dimensions by examining the events at Torre Maura, a suburban borough of Rome that in 2019 saw violent anti-Roma protests led by neofascist fringe groups. This example is deemed interesting for the analysis of the potential of far-right aesthetics to transcend the online dimension and turn a general climate of fear, hate, and social tension into offline actions and behaviors.

Making Messiah Swedish: Localities of Music and Identity in Ethnotourist America

Research Article| October 01 2020 Making Messiah Swedish: Localities of Music and Identity in Ethnotourist America Benjamin Teitelbaum Benjamin Teitelbaum Benjamin R. Teitelbaum is assistant professor of ethnomusicology and international affairs at the University of Colorado Boulder. His previous publications include articles in the journals Ethnomusicology, Scandinavian Studies, Arkiv, Current Anthropology, and Patterns of Prejudice, and he is author of Lions of the North: Sounds of the New Nordic Radical Nationalism (Oxford University Press, 2017) and War for Eternity: The Return of Traditionalism and the Rise of the Populist Right (Harper Collins / Penguin, 2020). Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Music (2020) 38 (3): 327–353. https://doi.org/10.5406/americanmusic.38.3.0327 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Benjamin Teitelbaum; Making Messiah Swedish: Localities of Music and Identity in Ethnotourist America. American Music 1 January 2020; 38 (3): 327–353. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/americanmusic.38.3.0327 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressAmerican Music Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2020 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2020 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Beyond Islamophobia? The role of Englishness and English national identity within English Defence League discourse and politics

ABSTRACTUnsurprisingly, most scholarship on the English Defence League (EDL) focuses on the Islamophobic nature of the group's politics. This has found that, whilst the group presents a more moderate, public-facing image, the EDL's backstage discourse is a far less nuanced brand of Islamophobia and cultural racism (Allen, C. (2011). Opposing Islamification or promoting Islamophobia? Understanding the English Defence League. Patterns of Prejudice, 45(4), 279–294; Kassimeris, G., & Jackson, L. (2015). The ideology and discourse of the English Defence League: ‘Not racist, not violent, just no longer silent’. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 17, 171–188). A more fundamental area of EDL ideology has been left unexamined, however: what notion of ‘England’ is the EDL trying to ‘defend’? Using content analysis of EDL online discourse, this article examines how the EDL articulates, represents, and uses English national identity within its discourse and politics.

Islamophobia in Canada: Measuring the Realities of Negative Attitudes Toward Muslims and Religious Discrimination.

There has been growing discussion surrounding the phenomenon of Islamophobia in Western societies over the last few years. However, in-depth empirical research of the prevalence and patterns of prejudice toward Muslims remains scarce, especially in the Canadian context. With data from the 2011 Canadian Election Study and the 2014 General Social Survey, this study measures the extent to which negative feelings toward Muslims are present among the general adult population, and the extent to which Muslim Canadians themselves say they have experienced discrimination in recent years due to their religion, ethnicity, and culture.

Patterns of Prejudice from Henri Massis to Walter Bedell Smith

Astolphe de Custine’s collection of letters La Russie en 1839, first published in France in 1843, was rediscovered by Henri Massis in 1946. Massis re-introduced Custine’s by then long forgotten letters on Russia to the French public. Once American Cold Warriors such as George Kennan and General Walter Bedell-Smith discovered the book, they promptly promoted it to the status of the most prophetic book on the “Russian soul.” Denounced as “fictional,” by many nineteenth-century writers and by a host of twentieth-century scholars, Custine’s book was accepted as canonical by a large reading public and, more importantly, by successive generations of us policy makers. This article contributes to the historiography of Cold War propaganda by looking first at the context in which the book was initially resurrected by Massis, and then by analyzing the ways in which Cold War propaganda constructed its “relevance,” “actuality” and “prophetic” character. The article begins by taking a look at the way in which Massis, the first popularizer of the book, fitted it into his own ideological pattern. In a second movement, the article analyzes the ways in which the book functioned in the post-wwii ideological context, seeking to discover if the alleged relevance of the book had anything to do with the survival into the postwar world of the European Right’s interwar tangle of received ideas and patterns of prejudice.

Big Data’s Disparate Impact

Advocates of algorithmic techniques like data mining argue that these techniques eliminate human biases from the decision-making process. But an algorithm is only as good as the data it works with. Data is frequently imperfect in ways that allow these algorithms to inherit the prejudices of prior decision makers. In other cases, data may simply reflect the widespread biases that persist in society at large. In still others, data mining can discover surprisingly useful regularities that are really just preexisting patterns of exclusion and inequality. Unthinking reliance on data mining can deny historically disadvantaged and vulnerable groups full participation in society. Worse still, because the resulting discrimination is almost always an unintentional emergent property of the algorithm’s use rather than a conscious choice by its programmers, it can be unusually hard to identify the source of the problem or to explain it to a court.This Essay examines these concerns through the lens of American antidiscrimination law — more particularly, through Title VII’s prohibition of discrimination in employment. In the absence of a demonstrable intent to discriminate, the best doctrinal hope for data mining’s victims would seem to lie in disparate impact doctrine. Case law and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s Uniform Guidelines, though, hold that a practice can be justified as a business necessity when its outcomes are predictive of future employment outcomes, and data mining is specifically designed to find such statistical correlations. Unless there is a reasonably practical way to demonstrate that these discoveries are spurious, Title VII would appear to bless its use, even though the correlations it discovers will often reflect historic patterns of prejudice, others’ discrimination against members of protected groups, or flaws in the underlying dataAddressing the sources of this unintentional discrimination and remedying the corresponding deficiencies in the law will be difficult technically, difficult legally, and difficult politically. There are a number of practical limits to what can be accomplished computationally. For example, when discrimination occurs because the data being mined is itself a result of past intentional discrimination, there is frequently no obvious method to adjust historical data to rid it of this taint. Corrective measures that alter the results of the data mining after it is complete would tread on legally and politically disputed terrain. These challenges for reform throw into stark relief the tension between the two major theories underlying antidiscrimination law: anticlassification and antisubordination. Finding a solution to big data’s disparate impact will require more than best efforts to stamp out prejudice and bias; it will require a wholesale reexamination of the meanings of “discrimination” and “fairness.”

Introduction: The Civil Rights Movement, a retrospective

The vitality of the historiography of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States is obvious in the pieces featured in this issue of Patterns of Prejudice. 2015 is of course the fiftieth anniver...

NS-Euthanasie im Burgenland. 'In eine der Direktion nicht genannte Anstalt übersetzt'. Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland (WAB) 136 by Herbert Brettl , Michael Hess (review)

Reviews 199 andoften collided.One exampleinquestionis 1898, theyearoftheassassination ofEmpress Elisabethin Genevaand theyearin whichStanislaw Przybyszewski arrived in Cracowfrom Berlinandtookovertheliterary journalZyciein a spirit offull-throttled, uninhibited, alcoholic findesi ècledecadence. Thatyearwasalso one ofmultiple commemorations in Galicia,creating occasionsto reflect upon thehistory and identity oftheprovince: itsawthehundredth birthday ofAdam Mickiewicz forPoles,theliterary centennial ofUkrainianas a literary language forRuthenians (EneyidabyIvanKotliarevsky waspublished in 1798), thefiftieth anniversary oftheemancipation ofGalicianserfs in1848, andwasalsothefiftieth jubileeyearofthereign ofEmperor FranzJoseph (seeWolff, p. 296). Onedoesnothavetoagreewith every aspectofthebook(andWolffs insistence on reminding his readersofthesexualconnotations of Sacher-Masoch 's name whenusingtheauthor's childhood memories topainta picture oflifein Vormärz Galiciais onefeature thatI findthoroughly annoying) tonoticewhatan assured and stimulating bookthisis. A translation intoGermanwouldbe desirable to counterbalance theprevailing Austro-centric biasinmuch recent German-speaking cultural andliterary scholarship (deBergincluded). Forsucha translation, butalso for anynewEnglish edition, a separate, perhaps chronological orsystematic listing ofprimary sources, and a time-line withnotonlythemajorpoliticalevents, but alsotheillustrative detailsfrom cultural history, theanniversaries, thepublication datesof seminalworksof literature and pamphletism etc,wouldimprove the usability ofthevolume evenfurther. Galiciawillcontinue tointrigue historians of a wider, multicultural , complex Europeand,from nowon,Wolffs bookwillhave tobeontheir listofessential reading. National Universityof Ireland Maynooth Florian Krobb NS-Euthanasieim Burgenland. 'In eine der DirektionnichtgenannteAnstalt übersetzt'. By Herbert Brettl and Michael Hess. Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus demBurgenland (WAB) 136.Eisenstadt: AmtderburgenländischenLandesregierung , Landesmuseum Eisenstadt. 2010.84 pp.€9.00.isbn 3-85405-179-4. Austria's easternmost provinceis usuallybypassedor completely neglected in historical writing onNationalSocialism. Andso isoneofAustria's mostforgotten victim groups ofthetime- the(so-called)disabled.Undertheguiseoftheterm 'euthanasia', morethan100,000peoplebrandedas handicapped weremurdered bytheNaziregime. Amongthem, togivea conservative figure, atleast350people from Burgenland. This persecution was based on a racially motivated, 'eugenic* decision to'free' theGerman 'race'from hereditarily diseasedoffspring {erbkranker Nachwuchs), andoneconomic considerations, namely a desiretoreducethecosts ofmedicalandnursing care.NS-Euthanasie imBurgenland presents an insightful engagement withthislong-neglected history. Thebookisuniqueinanother respect, as itistheacademiccompanion volume to a travelling exhibition thattouredtheprovince between2010and 2011.This genre posesa number ofchallenges for academic writing: itshouldexpress complex 200 Reviews scholarly ideasin understandable, butnuancedlanguage;itshouldestablish new knowledge; anditshouldideallyraiseawareness ofthecontinuities between past and present patterns ofprejudice. NS-Euthanasie imBurgenland meetsall these challenges. The book begins by showingthe historicalcontextsof the Euthanasia' programme and the conceptsof disability used duringNazi rule (pp. 7-14). Disabledpeople, theauthors outline, included notonlythementally andphysically handicapped, but also thoseclassedas eithereconomically unproductive (the so-calledAsoziale)or members of an alien race (artfremde Rasse) (p. 7). The elaboration ontheintellectual precursors, suchas racialhygiene andeugenics, and on thedemandsofpopulation growth and a hard-pressed economy thatabetted theEuthanasia' practices, constitutes a worthwhile orientation for general readers. Thisisfollowed bya discussion offorced sterilization (pp.18-26), thedelineation of theactualEuthanasia' programme (theso-calledТ4-АШ0П between 1939 and1941) andthelesssystematic murders during thephaseofwilde Euthanasie from 1941 (pp. 27-68).Allthesepartscontain discussions ofthelegalandmedicalbackground to thedifferent phasesofmassmurder andbiographical sketches ofthevictims that areofparticular value.Thevolume closesbynoting theprimarily RomanCatholic resistance totheprogramme, andwith a rather unconventional conclusion relating theimplications of Nazi violations of patients' rights to bioethicsand genetic research today. Whereas thediscussion ofthelegalandmedicalbackground totheEuthanasia' programme doesnotproduce anynewknowledge, thelocalfocus ontheBurgenland victims does. Drawingon archivaland interview research, thebookpresents a compelling insight intothecomplex andoften arbitrary nature oftheNazipolitics ofraceanddisability ina province thatwas(andstillis) heavily characterized by racialand cultural pluralism. The focuson Romany victims - often overlooked in standard volumeson thesubject- provides an especially usefulexampleof howlocal histories can add a fresh perspective to broaderhistorical narratives. Perceptions ofdisability and race,thisvolumecogently argues, wereintersecting instruments inNazipolitics andtheconception ofGerman nationhood. Therearea few points ofcriticism, however. Thefirst relates totheinconsistent use of vocabulary relating to race and ethnicity, respectively. While theterm Rasseis usually, butnotalways, apostrophized, theterm Rassismus is also putin inverted commaswhenappliedtotheperception ofhereditarily diseased'people as inferior (pp.8,13), suggesting thateugenicthinking wouldnothavebeenpart ofracistdiscourse. A reference to theNationalSocialists'visionofa population thatwas Ethnischhomogen'(p. 8) is similarly misleading, as Nazi ideology promulgated a racially yetnotnecessarily ethnically homogeneous population, allowing for a cultural diversification within theGerman race.Another flawisthe relative absenceofdiscussionofperpetrators in Burgenland whowereinvolved in Nazi Euthanasia'. The scantmention ofa fewmedicalprofessionals, and the Landespflegeheim Neudörfl nursing home,involved inthedeportation ofdisabled people, doesnotallowa broader historical understanding oftheperpetrators. Onthewhole, however, thevolume iscarefully written, establishing newinsights Reviews 201 and including theRomany people,and shouldproveinformative forgeneral and scholarly audiences alike.Itshowsthatlocalhistories offer important approaches tostudying Austria's Nazipast. Universityof Edinburgh Oliver Haag AlbanBerg andHisWorld. Ed.byChristopherHailey. Princeton, NJ andOxford: Princeton University Press, 2010.361pp.£20.95. isbn978-0-691-14856-4. As Leon Botsteinremarks in the concludingessayof thisveryfinevolume, AlbanBerghasbeenposthumously privileged in...

Opinion of White Americans about African Americans: The Case of Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Even though the opinion of white Americans regarding African Americans has changed since the post World War II era, common misperceptions about African Americans have not disappeared from American society. In Winston-Salem, many of the old misperceptions and racist opinions about African Americans that prevailed in the pre WW II era continue to thrive alongside new patterns of prejudice. Evidence from this research suggest that a minority of the white residents hold favorable or sympathetic opinions such as the call for equitable distribution of opportunities and burdens; by contrast a majority are either “prejudiced” or “ambivalent” regarding their opinions on certain issues about African Americans. The intolerance of those deemed “prejudiced” are fuelled by misperceptions and ethnocentrism while the prejudicial sentiments of the “ambivalent” stemmed from their own insecurities triggered by the fluid social, economic and political environment in Winston-Salem. In the final analysis, white prejudice against African Americans provided a basis for understanding racial inequalities in Winston-Salem.

Land and genocide: exploring the connections with Rwanda's prisoners and prison officials

For the past two decades, a growing number of researchers have focused attention on the problem of environmental scarcity, particularly land scarcity, which they believe can contribute to violence ...

Return: Holocaust Survivors and Dutch Antisemitism, Dienke Hondius (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003), xvii + 192 pp., $70.95.

Dienke Hondius’s work on deported Jews’ return to the Netherlands after the end of the Second World War and on Dutch reactions to these Jews was published in 1990 to overwhelmingly positive reviews. Her scholarship and attention to detail were exemplary, and a reprint, followed by a summary paper in Patterns of Prejudice, brought her work to a wider audience.1 At that time, the academic study of the immediate postwar years was still in its infancy. Many authors would have been content to rest on their laurels as pioneers in a new field of enquiry. From the mid-1990s onwards, however, legal, economic and social questions surrounding “the return” of displaced persons to Western Europe from other parts of German-occupied Europe became highly politicized in the Netherlands. As a result of this public discourse, Hondius became involved in a government-sponsored inquiry into all aspects of the treatment of returnees to the Netherlands; this was part of a wider study under the aegis of the SOTO (Stichting Onderzoek Terugkeer en Opvang—Institute for Research into Return and Reception).2

Managing South African transformation: the story of cricket in KwaZulu Natal, 1994–2004

Sport has historically been an important element of South African popular culture, even though it was divided along racial lines for much of the country's history. In post-apartheid South Africa, sport is seen by politicians, sports officials and many ordinary people as a means to surmount race and class barriers and to forge nationhood. But sport remains a site of acute contestation over what transformation means: ‘merit’ versus ‘affirmative action’, beneficiaries of change, pace of transformation and so on. This conflict reflects the broader tensions over how South African society should be restructured. Change in racial composition at the level of leadership, coaching and players since 1990 has failed to transform cricket into a ‘people's game’. The cricket establishment is following the lead of government in prioritizing the empowerment of a minority. Class privilege has replaced race privilege. At the same time, tensions generated by change are producing further hostility along the fault lines of race and class. There is, for example, a conflict over resources among those previously labelled ‘Black’: Indians, Coloureds and the majority African population. These struggles reveal the fragmented nature of post-apartheid South African society, notwithstanding attempts to define South Africa as a ‘rainbow nation’. The historical, social, economic and cultural legacy of South Africa's conflicting pasts, the impact of globalization—and sport is a principal front of globalization, generating vast economic revenue and creating intolerable pressure to succeed—as well as post-apartheid discrepancies in economic and social conditions are all making it difficult to forge a united national culture, despite the attempt to use sport for the ‘mythic enactment’ of a collective South African identity. The tensions discussed in this article continue to be alive though the ‘patterns of prejudice’ are manifesting themselves in different forms.

Holocaust Controversies in the 1990s: The Revenge of History or the History of Revenge?

During the 1990s it was often remarked that controversies about the persecution and mass murderof the Jews between 1933 and 1945 had acquired an unprecedented volume and vehemence. Indeed, the esca...

Guest editor's introduction: The incredible shrinking ism: the survival of fascism in the post-fascist era

(2002). Guest editor's introduction: The incredible shrinking ism: the survival of fascism in the post-fascist era. Patterns of Prejudice: Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 3-8.

In search of the true Gypsy: from Enlightenment to Final Solution

CHOICE - This is a book sure to elicit continued controversy and should be part of every Gypsy collection, but it will be of limited interest to nonspecialists. Patterns of Prejudice, Vol 34, No 1 Willems work is a very important and welcome addition. Holocaust and Genocide Studies Willems study will become a milestone in the history of research on the Gypsies, because it, in excellent fashion, makes this very history its theme.

Letters to the Editor

To the Editor: Stuart Erdheim Originally, William Rubinstein claimed (AJH letters, September 1997) the idea that the Allies should have bombed Auschwitz “first implausibly surfaced in the mid-1960s.” David Wyman responded (AJH letters, March 1998) with a long list of instances in which the bombing idea was, in fact, publicly discussed during the Holocaust itself as well as during the 1950s and early 1960s. Now, Rubinstein (AJH letters, March 1998) presents a new version—he claims it was Wyman himself who was “absolutely central” to stirring public discussion of the bombing idea, with his 1978 article in Commentary on the subject. Rubinstein even goes so far as to falsely claim that the bombing idea was “not mentioned” in the “classic early popular or academic works on the Holocaust . . . by [Raul] Hilberg . . . and many others”—when, in fact, Hilberg explicitly discusses the bombing issue on p. 771 of his The Destruction of the European Jews (First Quadrangle paperback edition, 1967). For further evidence of Rubinstein’s apparent unfamiliarity with much of the basic secondary literature concerning the bombing issue, consider the fact that from the “mid-1960s” (Rubinstein’s initial date of the origins of the debate), until Wyman’s article appeared in 1978 (Rubinstein’s new date for the start of the debate), there were numerous discussions of the bombing idea in books and journals. To cite just a few: Samuel Katz wrote about it in both Hebrew and in English, in the 1966 and 1968 editions, respectively, of his Days of Fire, even including a detailed map showing the number of miles from Allied air bases in Italy to Auschwitz. Arthur Morse discussed the idea of bombing Auschwitz in his 1967 book, While Six Million Died. Nora Levin mentioned it in her 1968 work, The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry 1933–1945. Henry Feingold referred to it in American Jewish Historical Quarterly in 1968 (LVIII:1), in his 1969 book, The Politics of Rescue, and in essays he wrote in 1969 for Judaism (18:3, Summer 1969) and for Randolph Braham’s volume, Hungarian Jewish Studies. Aryeh Morgenstern considered the issue in the June 1971 edition of the Israeli scholarly journal Yalkut Moreshet. In 1973, Saul Friedman discussed the bombing idea in his book, No Haven for the Oppressed, and Helen Fein raised the issue in Patterns of Prejudice (September–October 1973). Bela Vago spoke about it at the Second Yad Vashem International Historical Conference in 1974 (and the proceedings [End Page 219] were published in 1977). Israel Television broadcast a documentary, “Why Wasn’t Auschwitz Bombed?,” on February 15, 1975. Herbert Druks discussed it in his 1977 book, The Failure to Rescue. The bombing issue was so widely known by that time that even then-Secretary of State Cyrus Vance spoke about it when he visited Yad Vashem in February 1977. David Wyman’s 1978 article in Commentary was the first in-depth, scholarly analysis of the feasibility of bombing Auschwitz and the reasons the Roosevelt administration failed to do so. But to claim, as Rubinstein does, that Wyman invented the idea out of whole cloth and foisted it upon a gullible public or scholarly community is patently absurd. Stuart Erdheim [End Page 220] To the Editor: Rafael Medoff The document cited by William Rubinstein (AJH letters, March 1998), concerning American Jewish attitudes toward the idea of bombing Auschwitz, does not show what he thinks it does. The document in question is a summary—not a verbatim transcript—of a conversation between John Pehle of the U.S. government War Refugee Board and a handful of American Jewish leaders in August 1944. (The document was first cited in my 1987 book, The Deafening Silence, pp. 158–159.) According to the summary, one of the Jewish leaders raised the idea of sending U.S. airplanes to bomb Auschwitz, to which Pehle replied, first, that such a proposal was “unfeasible” and, second, that the idea of bombing the death camps “had been objected to by Jewish organizations because it would result in the extermination of large numbers of Jews there.” In describing such a bombing raid as “unfeasible,” Pehle was merely repeating what he had been told by...

Big business, barbarism and benefaction: The flick affair

(1997). Big business, barbarism and benefaction: The flick affair. Patterns of Prejudice: Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 51-58.

‘Largo Bottai’: An attempt to construct a common Italian history1

(1997). ‘Largo Bottai’: An attempt to construct a common Italian history. Patterns of Prejudice: Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 7-14.

Discrimination and racism in Latin America: An introduction

(1996). Discrimination and racism in Latin America: An introduction. Patterns of Prejudice: Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 3-4.