Patterns Of Phase Behavior Research Articles

Nonionic Microemulsions

AbstractWe review and summarize the features of nonionic microemulsion phase behavior. Particular emphasis is given to the behavior of mixtures of oil, water or other polar materials with nonionic surfactants from the family of n‐alkyl polyglycol ethers, usually denoted as CiEj. The patterns of phase behavior are reviewed and the roles of various additives such as electrolytes and alcohols are discussed.

Patterns of phase behavior in polymer and amphiphile mixtures

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPatterns of phase behavior in polymer and amphiphile mixturesKlaus R. WormuthCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 8, 1622–1626Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/la00056a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views180Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Patterns of phase behavior in ternary ethoxylated alcohol-n-alkane-water mixtures

Certain ternary mixtures of ethoxylated alcohols, n-alkanes, and water at 25/sup 0/C separate at equilibrium into three liquid phases. The development of an amphiphile-rich middle phase is sensitive to alcohol molecular weight, alkane carbon number (ACN), and temperature. A middle phase arises when all three variables are adjusted such that the alcohol has no preference to partition into either an oleic or aqueous phase. A change in one of these variables yields a sequence of ternary phase diagrams in which the range of the three phases is from one critical tie line to a second. There are two distinct patterns, however, in which the critical tie lines arise. With a low molecular weight ethoxylated alcohol, both critical tie lines lie in the miscibility gap between water-rich and alkane-rich phases. With larger ethoxylated alcohols, however, one of the critical tie lines arises from the fusion of that miscibility gap with the critical point on a second one between water-rich and alcohol-rich phases. Both patterns are modeled well by modifying the Flory-Huggins equation of state to account for the tendency of amphiphile to concentrate between water-rich and alkane-rich domains, thereby attenuating or screening the enthalpic repulsion between water and alkane. The screeningmore » is expressed by a factor which is exponential in amphiphile concentration. The type of three-phase equilibria which arises from fusion of two miscibility gaps requires a pair of screening factors. Other available thermodynamic models appear incapable of approximating this second pattern of three-phase equilibria.« less

Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases and dispersions in dilute anionic surfactant-alcohol-brine systems. 1. Patterns of phase behavior

Etude de la formation de diverses phases chimiques dans des solutions aqueuses d'agents de surface anioniques (laurylsulfate de sodium, (heptylnonyl)-4 benzenesulfonate de Na, octanoate de Na, divers sulfonates du petrole, etc.) en presence d'alcools a courtes chaines (propanol, hexanol, etc.)

Phase behavior of alcohol-hydrocarbon-brine mixtures

Ten monohydric alcohols (methanol through tert-amyl alcohol), representing a class of amphiphiles that contrast surfactants which efficiently solubilize hydrocarbon and brine, were mixed with equal volumes of hydrocarbons and brine of various salinities. The resulting multiphase mixtures were examined for the number of coexisting liquid phases and the partitioning of the alcohol among them. The patterns of phase behavior are similar to those observed with amphiphiles classified as surfactants. The dependence on salinity, hydrocarbon character, and temperature is similar also. The patterns of phase behavior in the alcohol systems may be characteristic of all amphiphile--hydrocarbon--brine systems. 5 figures, 5 tables.