Pattern Of Sexual Dysfunction Research Articles

Sexual dysfunction and marital adjustment in married men with alcohol dependence syndrome

Background: Only a few studies have systematically assessed sexual dysfunction and marital adjustment in married men with alcohol dependence in India. Aim: To assess the prevalence and pattern of sexual dysfunction and marital adjustment in a clinical sample of married men with alcohol dependence. The association of sexual dysfunction and marital adjustment with the severity of alcohol dependence was also explored. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 consecutive married men attending psychiatry outpatient department (OPD) with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS). A pre-designed study proformawas used for collecting relevant socio-demographic and clinical details of the study participants. Sexual dysfunction, marital adjustment, and alcohol dependence were assessed using the following validated tools: the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX), the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (MAQ), and the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ), respectively. Results: Of 100 patients, about 15% had clinical sexual dysfunction based on ASEX. The most commonly reported sexual dysfunction was difficulty with erection (24.0%), followed by problems in desire (18.0%), sexual arousal (12.0%), ability to reach orgasm (12.0%), and satisfaction with orgasm (9.0%). Sexual dysfunction (ASEX score) showed significant positive correlation (rs = 0.345; P < 0.001) with alcohol dependence severity (SADQ score). Also, the severity of alcohol dependence was negatively correlated (rs = -0.240; P = 0.016) with the overall level of marital adjustment (MAQ score) with spouse. Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction is common in married men with ADS, with both sexual dysfunction intensity and marital adjustment difficulties being positively associated with the severity of alcohol dependence.

Patterns and predictors of female sexual dysfunction in diabetes mellitus.

Background Sexual complications of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) are often neglected by the patients as well as clinicians. The neglect is more in women due to the associated stigma and taboo. Indian studies are scanty, varied and inconsistent, regarding the impact of DM on sexual functioning in women. We studied the patterns and predictors of sexual dysfunction in women with DM. Methods We did a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study comprising 50 participants in both the study (women with DM1 and DM2) and control groups (relatives/caregivers of patients and the hospital staff), selected randomly from the medicine outpatient department from May to August 2016. Approval from the institutional ethics committee was obtained. Clinical anxiety and depression were screened using the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Sexual dysfunction was assessed through female sexual function index scale (FSFI), and predictors were assessed by correlating FSFI scores with sociodemographic and clinical parameters. Results We found that 44% of women with DM had sexual dysfunction compared with 20% in the control group (p<0.01). The pattern of sexual dysfunction was seen across the domains of desire, arousal, lubrication and orgasm. High body mass index, higher age, duration of DM, treatment with insulin and complications of DM predicted a greater degree of sexual dysfunction among women. Conclusion Sexual dysfunction is common in women with DM, irrespective of the type of DM and coexisting psychological factors such as depression and anxiety.

Prevalence and Patterns of Sexual Dysfunction in Male Patients Suffering from Major Depressive Disorder Attending Psychiatry Outpatient Department

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) can cause sexual dysfunction (SD), and it is more frequent with antidepressant treatment. Different antidepressant agents have different effects on SD according to their group and dose, which is studied in the present research. Aims: (a) To study the prevalence and patterns of SD in male patients with MDD, both drug naïve and on antidepressant treatment. (b) To correlate the severity of depression and SD. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study carried out among 200 patients who attended to the psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: Every fifth patient with MDD attending to an investigator had been enrolled for the study. Sociodemographic details and clinical variables were obtained. The diagnosis of MDD established by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, criteria and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of depression. The Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and Change in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-14 was applied to measure SD. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was done using the χ2 test, unpaired t test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and analysis of variance test. Results: Total 82 (41%) patients had SD. Amongst them, 37 (45.12%) patients had the onset of SD before and 45 (54.88%) patients had the onset of SD after treatment. There was a statistically significant correlation between the severity of depression and SD ( P = .001), SD responses of patients on the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and tricyclic antidepressant ( P = .005). Sexual pleasure shows statistical significance with severity ( P = .004) and duration of depressive illness ( P = .03). The age factor was statistically significant with SD. Conclusions: Sexual dysfunction had significance with the severity of depression. Sexual pleasure had significance with severity and duration of depression, and some SD domains had significance with age groups.

A comparative cross-sectional study investigating prevalence and patterns of sexual dysfunction among hypertensive and non-hypertensive men

Background and Aims: Erectile dysfunction is prevalent among men with hypertension, but there is paucity of data on prevalence of other domains of sexual dysfunction (SD) in hypertensives and the general population. The study compared the prevalence and patterns of SD among treated hypertensive male patients with normotensive men. The effect of antihypertensive drugs on different domains of sexual function was also investigated in our study. Methods: A total of 195 participants (95 hypertensive and 100 non-hypertensive men) were recruited from the medical out-patient department of a secondary health care facility in Lagos, Nigeria. Sexual function was assessed using International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) which measures erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, and overall satisfaction. Results: Sexual dysfunction affecting at least one domain was present in 82.1% of the hypertensive subjects and 52% of non-hypertensive controls (P&lt;0.001). The hypertensive patient had more severe dysfunction in the multiple domains (p&lt; 0.001). The use of methyldopa, furosemide and ß-blockers were associated with significantly lower scores while there was no significant difference in scores with the use calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, thiazide and potassium sparing diuretics. SD was higher in the older age group and with longer duration of hypertension and treatment. Conclusion: SD is common in the adult male population with hypertension significantly increasing the risk. Hypertension is associated with involvement of multiple domains for sexual dysfunction. Use of methyldopa, furosemide and ß-blockers were associated with higher rates of SD in the hypertensive population.

Prevalence and Pattern of Sexual Dysfunction in Male Patients with Alcohol Dependence.

Alcohol is a potent substance that causes both acute and chronic changes in almost all neurochemical systems, with the result that heavy drinking can produce serious psychological symptoms including depression, anxiety, and psychoses. It also affects sexual health adversely and causes sexual dysfunction. This study aimed to find the prevalence and pattern of sexual dysfunction in male patients with alcohol dependence. This cross-sectional study included 100 patients attending psychiatry out patient department (OPD) at a tertiary care center in west India. Informed written consent was taken for collecting socio-demographic and clinical data in a uniform and standard manner. Sexual dysfunction was assessed using a sexual dysfunction checklist, constructed by Arackal and Benegal at the national institute of mental health and neuroscience, Bangalore containing 12 items from the diagnostic criteria for research and ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioral disorders. The Leeds dependence questionnaire was used to assess the severity of alcohol dependence. Sexual dysfunction was present in 62% of the patients. Among the patients, 36% had difficulty achieving an erection, 34% had difficulty maintaining an erection, 37% reported premature ejaculation, 7% had delayed ejaculation, 14% reported anorgasmia, 1% had ejaculation with a flaccid penis, 2% had pain during intercourse, 6% were dissatisfied with the frequency of intercourse, 4% were dissatisfied with their sexual partner, and 7% were dissatisfied with their performance. Sexual dysfunction is significantly and positively associated with duration, amount of alcohol consumed per day, and severity of alcohol dependence.

Sexual Dysfunction in Women with Early Multiple Sclerosis

Sexuality and intimacy are crucial to our well-being. Among other manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), sexual dysfunction (SD) is highly prevalent, yet it is still under-reported and under-diagnosed. Our objective is to address the prevalence and pattern of sexual dysfunction in female patients with early MS. A comprehensive clinical interview to identify SD in female patients (n=43, age 18-48 years) with early MS in the first 6 months of diagnosis according to McDonalds criteria 2010. All patients were subjected to Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire (MSISQ-19), Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive functions, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) and hormonal assessment. Radiological findings were compared between those with SD and those without. Assessment was done after at least 8 weeks of steroids intake and before starting any disease modifying drugs (DMDs). Exclusionary criteria: Post-menopausal, sexually inactive, physical disabilities hindering sexual courtship (FS>2 in motor/sensory/coordination), endocrinal disorders and patients on medications affecting sexual activities. Mean patients age (±SD) was 24.71±3.55. According to MSISQ-19 scores, SD was reported in 24/43 (55.81%). Three levels of influence were reported; Primary, secondary and tertiary SD (MSISQ-19 sub-scales). They all had manifestations of primary SD; with decreased libido, less intense orgasm and inadequate lubrication being the most prevalent (47% n=11, 40% n=10, and 13% n=3 respectively). 7 patients (29.1%) had manifestations of secondary SD. Tertiary SD was prevalent in all patients and was mostly related to lack of confidence about sexuality and fear of rejection. Fatigue (P=0.006) and depression (P=0.002) were significant predictors. Higher Prolactin levels, Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were detected in 6, 7 and 5 patients respectively. No statistical difference in MRI brain/spine lesions sites between both groups of patients. Sexual dysfunction assessment should be incorporated in our routine assessment of MS since SD is a core disabling manifestation to the patient and to the integrity of relationships and families.

Sexual dysfunction among drug-naïve depressive disorder patient in a multidisciplinary teaching hospital

Background: Little is known about the prevalence, typology and natural course of non-drug-induced sexual dysfunction in patients with depressive disorders. The degree of sexual dysfunction and its prevalence appears to be correlated with the severity of disease. Aims: The aim of the study is to find the prevalence and pattern of sexual dysfunction among drug naive patient having depressive disorder and its correlation. Settings and Design: 2 years (September 2013- August 2015), cross-sectional study, out-patient department, Department of Psychiatry, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur. Materials and Methods: Depressive disorder was established according to ICD-10 criteria. Patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were subjected to Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression to assess the severity of their depression and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale questionnaire to assess sexual dysfunction if any in confidentiality. Statistical Analysis Used: statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 21. Chi square test was used and p value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result: 50 patients with depressive disorder were enrolled for the study. 44 percent of them were found to have sexual dysfunction. More problems were found with sexual desire and arousal phases of sexual life. A positive correlation was established between the severity of illness and the degree of sexual dysfunction. Conclusion: This study showed that majority of such patients has sexual problems especially with regard to desire for sex and arousability. The degree of sexual dysfunction was found to be proportional to the severity of depression and hence maybe an important predictor of sexual dysfunction among depressed patients.

Parkinson Hastalığında Cinsel İşlev Bozukluklarının Kadın ve Erkek Hastalarda Belirleyicileri / Predictors of Sexual Dysfunction in Female and Male Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease

Determinants of sexual dysfunction in male and female patients with parkinson’s disease Objective: Due to the complex nature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and distinct sexual physiologies, male and female patients might have different patterns of sexual dysfunction (SD) in PD. The aim of this study was to assess determinants of SD in female and male patients with PD. Methods: Seventy nine outpatients with idiopathic PD (46 male, 33 female; mean age: 67.51±8.27) were recruited between December 2007 and February 2011. Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn– Yahr stages, Hamilton depression and anxiety scales, Mini-Mental State Examination and Arizona Sexual Experiences scale were the measures. Results: Determinants of SD in the whole group were age and anxiety. Age at disease onset and anxiety designated SD in female group, while age and severity of motor symptoms designated SD in male group. Conclusion: Both in males and females, gonadal steroids decline with advancing age. Dopamine has role in desire, erection, reward-seeking behavior phases of sexuality. Dopamine depletion may cause SD with its dual effects, including erectile dysfunction as well as motor disturbances in PD in male patients. Anxiety effect females more than males due to affected body image and perception of the self.

Prevalence and pattern of sexual dysfunction in married females receiving antidepressants: An exploratory study

Objective:To study the prevalence and patterns of sexual dysfunctions in female patients receiving antidepressants.Materials and Methods:Eighty married female patients with a diagnosis of depressive disorder, currently in remission, and receiving a single antidepressant at least for 3 months, were assessed for sexual dysfunction on female sexual function index (FSFI) scale.Results:Thirty four patients (42.5%) receiving antidepressants had FSFI score less than 26.55 and were considered to have sexual dysfunction. When only the domain cutoff scores were used for the whole study sample (n=80), it was found that 95% had decreased desire, 60% had decreased arousal, 37.5% had decreased lubrication, 63.8 had decreased orgasm, 55% had decreased satisfaction and 25% had pain during sexual activity.Conclusions:To conclude, our study suggests that sexual dysfunction is quite prevalent in married female patients receiving antidepressants and all the domains of sexual functioning are impaired by antidepressants.

Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys 24: sexual dysfunction. Case-control study.

That sexual dysfunction occurs in schizophrenia is not in doubt. Previous studies have had weaknesses such as the use of selected populations or the absence of a control group. To measure rates of sexual dysfunction in people with schizophrenia compared with the general population. Sexual dysfunction was assessed by a self-completed gender-specific questionnaire. Ninety-eight (73%) of 135 persons with schizophrenia and 81 (71%) of 114 persons recruited as controls returned the questionnaire. At least one sexual dysfunction was reported by 82% of men and 96% of women with schizophrenia. Male patients reported less desire for sex, were less likely to achieve and maintain an erection, were more likely to ejaculate more quickly and were less satisfied with the intensity of their orgasms. Female patients reported less enjoyment than the control group. Sexual dysfunction in female patients was associated with negative schizophrenic symptoms and general psychopathology. There was no association between sexual dysfunction and type of antipsychotic medication. People with schizophrenia report much higher rates of sexual dysfunction than do the general population. Men and women with schizophrenia have a different pattern of sexual dysfunction.

Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors.

While recent pharmacological advances have generated increased public interest and demand for clinical services regarding erectile dysfunction, epidemiologic data on sexual dysfunction are relatively scant for both women and men. To assess the prevalence and risk of experiencing sexual dysfunction across various social groups and examine the determinants and health consequences of these disorders. Analysis of data from the National Health and Social Life Survey, a probability sample study of sexual behavior in a demographically representative, 1992 cohort of US adults. A national probability sample of 1749 women and 1410 men aged 18 to 59 years at the time of the survey. Risk of experiencing sexual dysfunction as well as negative concomitant outcomes. Sexual dysfunction is more prevalent for women (43%) than men (31%) and is associated with various demographic characteristics, including age and educational attainment. Women of different racial groups demonstrate different patterns of sexual dysfunction. Differences among men are not as marked but generally consistent with women. Experience of sexual dysfunction is more likely among women and men with poor physical and emotional health. Moreover, sexual dysfunction is highly associated with negative experiences in sexual relationships and overall well-being. The results indicate that sexual dysfunction is an important public health concern, and emotional problems likely contribute to the experience of these problems.