Investment Patterns Research Articles

Review of Factors Affecting Purchasing Power and Investment in Property: A Comparative Study between Indonesia and Neighboring Countries

The disparity in purchasing power and investment in the property sector between Indonesia and neighboring countries has attracted attention in recent years. Various aspects, both macroeconomics and socio-demographics, play a role in creating the dynamics of the property market in each country. This research explores how these factors - including inflation, interest rates, national incomes, and public policies - contribute to purchasing power parity and investment patterns in property. Through the systematic literature review (SLR) approach with 12 articles reviewed. The findings show that Indonesia faces challenges of limited access to credit, unbalanced income growth, while neighboring countries such as Singapore and Malaysia followed by Thailand and Vietnam are able to encourage stronger investment with more stable and investment-friendly economic policies. Hence, the results of this study suggest that Indonesia should adopt some best practices from neighboring countries to increase purchasing power parity and investment in the property sector in a sustainable manner.

Navigating through Turbulence: the Influence of COVID-19 and Geopolitical Tensions on International Investment Trends

Contemporarily, the world has experienced significant upheaval marked by two major events, i.e., the COVID-19 pandemic and escalating geopolitical tensions exemplified by the Russia-Ukraine conflict. These crises have profoundly affected social structures, economies, and international relations across the globe. This study examines the profound effects on international investment patterns resulting from these two major crises. Initially, it analyzes the consequences of COVID-19, including the initial outbreak, governmental reactions, and its drastic impacts on the service and tourism sectors. The narrative also covers the stock market's downturn and recovery, along with adjustments in investment strategies due to the pandemic's economic challenges. The second part addresses the geopolitical tensions from the Russia-Ukraine conflict, summarizing its origins, immediate economic impacts on the involved nations, and broader effects on global economic stability. This section also examines shifts in international investment patterns. These results underscore the adaptive measures by investors and policymakers, highlighting the need for resilience and innovation in navigating these global crises.

Investor sentiment and Euro area ETFs: an empirical analysis of consumer behaviour

The goal of this article is to study the relationship between investor sentiment and Euro area Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs), providing insights into the dynamics of market behaviour and the impact of consumer behaviour on investment patterns within the Eurozone. This paper has employed panel data analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and the Granger causality test to investigate the relationship between ETFs and the consumer confidence index (CCI). Results suggest that CCI significantly negatively affects ETF pricing. While a weak positive correlation and regression relationship between iShares MSCI Eurozone ETF prices and CCI 19 Euro area markets have been found, the Granger causality test did not provide evidence of a causal relationship between the two variables. Other factors, such as financial stability, government regulations, and market-specific factors, may also affect ETF prices. The study concludes that, while CCI may be important, it should not be the only factor considered.

Risk‐Taking in Bluebirds After Exposure to a Nest Predator Relates to Parental Roles and Shows Little Cooperation Between Partners

ABSTRACTParents may experience a trade‐off between caring for offspring and protecting themselves from predators. The reproductive value hypothesis predicts that parents should take more risks for older, more valuable offspring, whereas the harm to offspring hypothesis predicts that parents should risk more for vulnerable offspring that would suffer most from a lack of parental care at the moment. After exposing parent mountain bluebirds (Sialia, currucoides) to a model predator, we recorded latency times for them to touch, to look into, and to enter their nestbox and the number of times they inspected the box across three breeding stages: nest‐building, incubation and nestling‐rearing. Females took greater risks than males during the nest‐building and incubation stages by inspecting and entering boxes sooner and more times, consistent with their role in parental care at those early breeding stages that requires them to enter the box. Risk‐taking in males was consistent with the reproductive value hypothesis, increasing across breeding stages. In contrast, females took the greatest risk during incubation, consistent with the harm to offspring hypothesis. Furthermore, the riskiest behaviours were not correlated between pair members, and both sexes assumed the risk to first inspect the nestbox approximately equally. This suggests there is not a ‘war of attrition’ between mates over risk‐taking, but neither was there cooperation by the male to facilitate the rapid resumption of parental care by his mate. The results highlight that patterns of investment in nest defense in birds may be sex‐specific.

THE LIFE CYCLE THEORY AND PERMANENT INCOME THEORY IN HOUSEHOLD FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

This article explains the interplay between the Life Cycle Theory (LCT) and Permanent Income Theory (PIT) in the domain of household financial sustainability. By integrating these two prominent frameworks, it offers a comprehensive approach to understanding how households manage their financial activities across their lifetimes. Considering the criticisms of both consumption theories, the article aims to provide valuable insights into distinct aspects of household personal sustainable finance, particularly in the areas of debt management and repayment, assessing sustainable consumption behavior, household expenditure and investment patterns, as well as the utilization and reduction of debt. Integrating these two theories presents a more holistic understanding of household financial sustainability.

Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Appearance Schemas Inventory-Revised and investigation of the modified three subscale structure in patients undergoing breast reconstruction.

Breast cancer can lead to changes in appearance and subsequent concerns about body image. This study aimed to translate the body investment instrument, Appearance Schemas Inventory-Revised (ASI-R), to Swedish, and perform a validation in women who underwent mastectomy and were awaiting breast reconstruction. The instrument was translated, and its psychometric properties were investigated according to current guidelines. Three hundred and ninety-seven women were eligible for the study, and 215 (54%) participants responded. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed that a three-factor structure was the most adequate solution. Three new subscales were suggested: body image investment cognition; breast and body image investment emotions; breast reflecting dysfunctional cognitive and emotional patterns of appearance investment and body image investment behaviors; breast reflecting positive ways of investing in body image. Consistent with previous findings, control over appearance is a central theme in women with breast cancer undergoing mastectomy and reconstruction. The obtained factor structure was considered similar to the original structure and three-factor solutions obtained from an American cohort of patients with breast cancer. The ASI-R has shown good psychometric properties in Swedish women undergoing mastectomy and reconstruction. Further studies on convergent validity and confirmatory factor analysis are required.

Digital Resource Investment Patterns in Health Science College Libraries: A Budget Analysis

Digital Resource Investment Patterns in Health Science College Libraries: A Budget Analysis

A Comprehensive Study on Investment Analysis in a Changing Global Financial Landscape: Trends, Strategies, and Risk Management (2024)

Investment analysis is pivotal in understanding economic trends, evaluating securities, and determining the risks and returns associated with various investment avenues. This study builds on the foundational work from 2020, focusing on how global factors like technological advancements, the COVID-19 pandemic, and geopolitical conflicts have shaped investor behaviour. By integrating new data on emerging markets, algorithmic trading, and sustainable investments, we aim to provide a more nuanced understanding of current investment patterns. This paper analyses updated data from 2021 to 2024, offering insights for both individual and institutional investors.

Investment Pattern and Behaviour of Rural Households on Investment Avenues with Special Reference to Ernakulam District

Two-thirds (67.63% of the total population) of the people in rural India live there and contribute one-third of the country's GDP1. One of the most significant areas that increases gross domestic savings is the household sector. The main objective of the study is to understand rural household savings and investment behaviour that is influenced by a number of factors including years of age, schooling, financial status, and occupation. According to the study, the majority of respondents have lower earning potential, and even those who did earn more only set aside a little fraction of their income for savings. In India, there are numerous investment opportunities and there are advantages and disadvantages to any investment strategy. Making the best investment decisions will meet the various demands of different people requires having a thorough understanding of these investing options. This paper projects various investment options and the level of household awareness in rural areas areas. The study utilized a meticulously designed questionnaire to explore the investment preferences and awareness levels of rural investors. The primary aim was to gain insights into their preferred investment avenues and their level of understanding regarding various investment options. For data analysis, simple percentages were employed to summarize the findings, and the chi-square test was used to assess relationships between categorical variables. 300 rural households selected as sample size from Ernakulam District through convenience sampling method.

Trilateral Dynamics of India–China–Nepal: Assessing Geo-strategic Relations in South Asia

The strategic importance of South Asia stems from its natural resources and advantageous location. However, in recent years, China and India’s rivalry in the subcontinent has altered the geo-strategic landscape in the region. Though much had been explored in the trilateral dynamics of India–China–Nepal, comparative analyses to empirically assess the relative strength of the relationships have been overlooked. Hence, the current paper examined the dynamics of these three countries by evaluating their ability to uphold their ties. It looked at India’s neighbourhood first policy with a particular focus on Nepal, and it further examined how China uses the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as a springboard to utilise it as a geopolitical manoeuvre to offset India’s hegemony in the area. On the empirical front, the paper examined the pattern of investment from China’s BRI in Nepal and contrasted it with China’s overall investment trends in Nepal. The paper argues that although BRI investment in Nepal is increasing, there is a significant decline in the overall investment from China. In contrast, India’s investment in Nepal had an upward trajectory that surpassed China’s investment volume. The paper discussed potential ways to achieve trilateral relations among these three countries by promoting sustained cooperation.

Tertiary education as social policy: Comparative theoretical perspectives

Abstract In this paper, we conduct an in-depth review of and commentary on two frameworks for international comparative work focused on education systems and skill formation – specifically, welfare regime and production regime approaches. We focus on how tertiary education is understood to function relationally within a national policy repertoire and explore the interplay between education and economic systems. Whereas the welfare regime literature illuminates why some regimes are conducive to human capital production and create more equitable educational and labour market opportunities, the production regime literature focuses on the ways that actors such as government, educational institutions, and unions optimise skill formation. These two theoretical perspectives offer both rival and complementary explanations of varying patterns in public investment, differentiation in education systems, and participation rates in tertiary education across countries. Our analytical account provides useful insights for understanding different national education policies and framing future research, including informing these perspectives with the more recent theoretical contributions of the social investment approach. In relation to changing conceptions of the knowledge economy, education, skill development, and the nature of employment, these two theoretical perspectives continue to provide useful conceptual lenses to examine the education/skill /employment nexus.

The nexus between spirituality and personal financial behavior: a study of students with entrepreneurial intentions

PurposeThe current study explores the relation between students' spiritual quotient (SQ) and personal financial planning (PFP). The students with entrepreneurial intentions were considered for the present study.Design/methodology/approachThe students from higher educational institutes with an intention to be entrepreneurs were considered for data collection. Using a well-designed, closed-ended questionnaire, primary data from college and university students was collected. Using quota sampling, a total of 189 responses were gathered, however the responses of students with entrepreneurial intentions (n = 100) were considered for analysis. To investigate the relationship between PFP and SQ, descriptive analysis, Spearman's rank correlation and forecasted trend line were employed.FindingsThe study revealed a significant positive relationship between PFP and SQ. Thus, SQ also has potential to determine individuals' investment behavior. The study suggests that students' spiritual development can determine their PFP and entrepreneurial actions.Practical implicationsThe outcome of the study can be practically used to explore the investment pattern and behavior of youth. The study would further benefit the stakeholders including issuers, developers and consultants involved in the creation and distribution of financial products. The study guides researchers to undertake further research in this domain.Originality/valueThe existing literature on personal financial behavior has lacked in establishing a relationship between spirituality and investment decisions. The present study is novel in substantiating this void. We contribute to the advancement of literature in behavioral finance. This study identifies multifaceted factors that shape investors' behaviors and preferences in finance and proposes the avenues for future research.

Non-trade issues in preferential trade agreements and global value chains

How do labor and environmental provisions (also known as non-trade issues) that are increasingly part of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) affect investment patterns within global value chains (GVCs)? In this article, we explore how the design of these provisions and the local regulatory environments of trading partners influence the geography of production. By employing a difference-in-difference analysis of quantitative data on the design of non-trade issues in 478 PTAs and mergers and acquisitions between 1948 and 2018, we assess the influence of labor and environmental provisions in PTAs on GVCs. Building on the legal and business studies literatures, we expect and empirically find that when countries join PTAs, enforceable non-trade clauses interact with domestic regulatory environments and induce changes in GVCs, especially in Global North hosts. Our findings provide nuance to our current understanding of the interconnections across trade agreement design, domestic regulations, and vertically integrated multinational production.

Austrian FDI in Asian economies: Does knowledge capital matter?

PurposeWhile Austrian foreign direct investment (FDI) in Asian economies experiences a rising trend, the following question arises: Why does Austria invest more in certain economies over others? This study intends to assess the factors that drive Austrian investment in Asian economies.Design/methodology/approachBased on the ownership, location and internalization framework and the knowledge capital approach, this study hypothesizes that knowledge capital significantly attracts FDI from Austria. Meanwhile, this study applies the panel-corrected standard error method to analyze data for 11 Asian economies from 1990 to 2022.FindingsAfter considering endogeneity, the results show a positive and significant correlation between expenditure in research and development per gross domestic product (GDP) in the host economies and FDI inflow from Austria. In addition, the study reveals that factors such as market size, trade openness and natural resources in the host economies significantly influence Austria’s FDI, which indicates that Austrian investors fall into the three main FDI typologies: market-seeking, resources-seeking and efficiency-seeking.Originality/valueThis study fills the literature gap by becoming the first to analyze the determinants of Austrian FDI in Asian economies, thus enriching our understanding of Austria’s global investment pattern.

Beyond nearshoring: The political economy of Mexico's emerging electric vehicle industry

Nearshoring and global value chain reconfiguration trends have gained renewed relevance amid mounting disruptions in globalized production models. However, the precise dynamics behind shifts in the nascent electric vehicle (EV) industry value chain remain unclear. This study examines the factors that drive direct investment into Mexico's EV production ecosystem. It analyzes how these investment patterns reshape regional value chains while accelerating the transition toward electromobility. This analysis is based on an original 2019–2023 dataset of 48 Mexican EV production investment projects and three emblematic case studies: Tesla, Metalsa, and Sanhua. The findings suggest that the confluence of USMCA trade pact stipulations, US-China tensions, climate policy, and consumer incentives in the US, alongside specialized capabilities in Mexico, catalyze this nascent EV industry. In this fluctuating landscape, Mexico plays a dual role, both reducing US reliance on Chinese-dominated chains while attracting international firms interested in integrating into regional production networks. Thereby, the study delineates the specific drivers beyond nearshoring that have attracted EV production investment to Mexico. It, therefore, provides insights into the forces shaping Mexico's emergence as a strategic hub for regionalized EV manufacturing and outlines implications for future corporate strategies and public policies.

Informatization of Educational Management in Private Colleges of Guangdong Province: Challenges, Investments, and Infrastructure Improvements

This study explores the state of informatization in educational management within private colleges in Guangdong Province, using H College as a case study. Despite recent advancements, the informatization process faces significant challenges, including misconceptions about digital management, insufficient investment, a lack of digital sharing mechanisms, and suboptimal user experiences for both students and faculty. Through a comprehensive analysis of educational indicators, investment patterns, and the current status of digital resources, this paper highlights the critical need for a strategic approach to educational management informatization. The findings underscore the importance of fostering a service-oriented framework that prioritizes the needs of teachers and students while advocating for increased investment in infrastructure and digital platforms. Ultimately, the research aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to modernize educational governance in private higher education institutions, ensuring they can effectively meet the demands of the evolving educational landscape.

Celebrating the research career of Douglas Nelson

AbstractThis special issue celebrates Prof. Douglas Nelson's body of research. It comprises articles by many of his co‐authors, colleagues and students. They address two broad themes: the interplay between trade and investment flows and employment and equity on the one hand and the interaction between trade‐related policies and patterns of trade and investment on the other.

Weighting of sensory cues reflect changing patterns of visual investment during ecological divergence in Heliconius butterflies.

Integrating information across sensory modalities enables animals to orchestrate a wide range of complex behaviours. The relative importance placed on one sensory modality over another reflects the reliability of cues in a particular environment and corresponding differences in neural investment. As populations diverge across environmental gradients, the reliability of sensory cues may shift, favouring divergence in neural investment and the weight given to different sensory modalities. During their divergence across closed-forest and forest-edge habitats, closely related butterflies Heliconius cydno and Heliconius melpomene evolved distinct brain morphologies, with the former investing more in vision. Quantitative genetic analyses suggest that selection drove these changes, but their behavioural consequences remain uncertain. We hypothesized that divergent neural investment may alter sensory weighting. We trained individuals in an associative learning experiment using multimodal colour and odour cues. When positively rewarded stimuli were presented in conflict, i.e. pairing positively trained colour with negatively trained odour and vice versa, H. cydno favoured visual cues more strongly than H. melpomene. Hence, differences in sensory weighting may evolve early during divergence and are predicted by patterns of neural investment. These findings, alongside other examples, imply that differences in sensory weighting stem from divergent investment as adaptations to local sensory environments.

Debt Dynamics and Investment Patterns: Public Debt-Investment Nexus in G7 and ASEAN Economies

Debt Dynamics and Investment Patterns: Public Debt-Investment Nexus in G7 and ASEAN Economies

The Impact of Tax Planning on the Investment Patterns of Salaried Individuals in Bengaluru City

The Impact of Tax Planning on the Investment Patterns of Salaried Individuals in Bengaluru City