Eruption Pattern Research Articles

Ectopic Tooth Eruption – Integrative Literature Review

Ectopic eruption designates teeth that deviate from their normal eruption pattern. Its multifactorial etiology includes local and systemic factors, somatic disorders, and genetics. The objective of this study is to know the most common teeth that can present ectopic eruption, their prevalence, and associated clinical factors. A bibliographic search of scientific articles indexed in the PUBMED® and VHL databases was performed in September 2023, with the following descriptors: "Tooth Eruption; Ectopic; Dentistry". A total of 42 articles published in the last 5 years were found. Of these, 16 addressed ectopic eruptions and were included. The reviewed literature highlights the following clinical aspects: delayed eruption, partial appearance of the crown, changes in the eruption axis, transpositions, and gyro versions. The most affected teeth are the first permanent molars, with approximately 2 to 6%, and the canines with approximately 1.5 to 4.6%. It is essential to diagnose ectopic eruption early and identify the etiological factors, to obtain early treatment, preventing the development of this pathology and, consequently, the appearance of malocclusion.

“The Study Of Eruption Of Teeth In Children From Birth To 12 Years Of Age In Western Maharashtra Region.”

Human beings show 2 sets of dentition- deciduous and permanent2. Variation of tooth has been an enduring interest to clinical practitioner as well as from anthropological and forensic point of view7 . These variations in the form of teeth are characteristics of race, are of anthropological, genetic and forensic interest.2,7hence studies have been done using teeth for age, sex determination1,8 . As existing eruption schedule of dentition is based on western population this study is done in western Maharashtra region to find out variation in time number, form and pattern of eruption in deciduos and permanent teeth as well as in males and females.

Comparison of the mandibular retromolar space in adults with different sagittal skeletal types and eruption patterns of the mandibular third-molar: a cone-beam computed tomography study

BackgroundThe mandibular retromolar space (RMS) has not been extensively studied in relation to various sagittal skeletal classes and patterns of third-molar eruption. The objective of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the mandibular RMS among normodivergent subjects with different skeletal classes and patterns of mandibular third-molar eruption, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodA total of 105 normodivergent patients (20–40 years) were included in this study. Participants were categorized into Class I, II and III groups based on ANB and further impacted and erupted groups based on the eruption patterns of the mandibular third molars. Measurements of the mandibular RMS were taken at four planes parallel to the occlusal plane, along the cusp line. Comparative analyses were conducted among the three sagittal groups and between the impacted and erupted groups.ResultsThe Class II group exhibited a statistically smaller RMS (P < 0.05). RMS was found to be larger in third-molar erupted group (P < 0.05). The rates of root contact and third-molar impaction was significantly higher in Class II group. (P < 0.05)ConclusionsThe null hypothesis was rejected. Patients with Skeletal Class II tend to have a smaller mandibular RMS and a higher prevalence of root contact and third-molar impaction. The presence of impacted mandibular third molars was correlated with a shorter RMS.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered.

Acropustulosis of Infancy in Yemeni Infants and Children Mohammed Abdul Qader Almalmi Consultant of Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine in Doctor Almalmi Clinic Sanaa Yemen and Specialist Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine in be you Plus Clinic Dubai UAE

Background: Infantile acropustulosis is a recurrent, self-limited, pruritic, vesicopustular eruption of the palms and the soles occurring in young children during the first 2-3 years of life. Newly described in 1979, it is probably much more common than the scarcity of reports would imply. Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the pattern of pruritic vesicopustular skin eruptions in Yemeni infants. Patients and Methods: Twenty five male and females Yemeni infants patients 1 to 3 years old presented with pruritic erythematous macules or papules that progress into vesicles and then pustules in the palms, the soles, and the lateral surfaces. Lesions may occur on the dorsal aspects of the hands and the feet as well as the trunk, the scalp, and the face. The intensity and the duration of attacks diminish with each recurrence. No other organ systems are involved. They treated with topical Betamethasone cream or ointment and systemic antihistamine. The skin biopsy followed by histopathological examination was not specific. Results: The clinical data and the investigations showed that the 25 Yemeni infants had acropustulosis. Conclusion: Acropustulosis of infancy in Yemeni infants is very common skin disorder. The bad hygiene may play an important role in the etiology or allergic substances. It is not recurrence.

Management and Outcomes of Severe Submergence in Second Premolar

General Background: The early loss of primary molars is a prevalent dental issue that can lead to significant occlusal disturbances, including space reduction and misalignment of permanent teeth. Specific Background: Submergence of the second permanent molar following premature exfoliation of primary molars exacerbates these issues, complicating the eruption pattern and dental arch integrity. Knowledge Gap: Despite existing treatment modalities, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of specific appliances in managing severe submergence cases in pediatric patients. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the Gerber Space Regainer in restoring lost space and correcting the alignment of submerged second premolars in a pediatric patient. Results: A 10-year-old patient experiencing significant space loss due to premature exfoliation of tooth 85 was treated with a Gerber Space Regainer. Over a 7-week period, the appliance successfully regained 8 mm of space, with notable uprighting of the affected premolar, achieving complete recovery of the dental arch. Novelty: This case report highlights the practical application and success of the Gerber Space Regainer, emphasizing its efficiency in a short time frame, which has not been extensively documented in similar clinical scenarios. Implications: The findings suggest that the Gerber Space Regainer is an effective and reliable option for managing complex orthodontic cases involving submergence and space loss, contributing to the enhancement of treatment protocols in pediatric dentistry. Highlights: Effective space recovery: The Gerber Space Regainer successfully restored 8 mm of lost dental arch space in 7 weeks. Improved alignment: The treatment led to the uprighting of the submerged second premolar, ensuring proper occlusion. Pediatric applicability: The appliance demonstrated high efficiency and compliance in a young patient, showcasing its potential in pediatric cases. Keywords: Premature Loss, Space Regainer, Submergence, Second Premolar, Eruption Disturbance

Beyond the ARCH: Examining mandibular third molar movements in response to premolar and single incisor extractions in orthodontic practice

Mandibular third molars have been the interest of the orthodontic professionals, not only because of their Position Eruptive pattern, also because of their possible role in the development of late incisor crowding. The impaction rate of the third molars (mandible &amp;#62; maxilla) is high compared to any other teeth. The impaction incidence of M3s may be lower in patients with orthodontic premolar extraction due to mesial movement of the posterior teeth. In this study angular and positional changes of mandibular 3 molars will be evaluated with premolars as well as single incisor extraction.: This study includes 30 Pre-treatment and post-treatment orthopantomogram (OPG) of patients seeking orthodontic treatment with extractions of premolars, single incisor are categorized into 2 groups -Group I includes premolar extractions, Group II includes single incisor extractions.The study concluded that extracting premolars or single incisors did not result in improved mandibular M3 angulation on both left and right sides during the observation period.The insignificant change in angulation suggests that there are other factors that play a role in the process of alteration of third molar angulation

Studying eruption patterns of mandibular third molars for forensic age assessment: Introducing current reference data from a population of black South Africans

IntroductionEvaluation of the eruption of mandibular third molars in orthopantomograms (OPGs) is a method of forensic age assessment. The objective of our study was to provide valid reference data for this trait within a population of black South Africans. The study was guided by the criteria for reference studies in age assessment.Materials and methodsA study population from Pretoria, South Africa comprising 670 OPGs obtained from 338 black females and 332 black males aged between 15.00 and 25.97 years was analysed. All OPGs were performed for medical indication during the period from 2011 to 2022 and were retrospectively evaluated. From the 670 OPGs, a total of 1021 mandibular third molars were evaluated. The assessment of mandibular third molars was conducted using the staging scale presented by Olze et al. in 2012. Two experienced dentists evaluated the OPGs independently of each other. If the two examiners diverged in their assessments, a consensus stage was assigned.ResultsAs expected, the mean, median and minimal age increased with higher stages for both teeth and both sexes. The minimum age recorded for stage D, indicating complete tooth eruption, was 15.79 years in females and 16.62 years in males.ConclusionAs it is the case for previous reference studies in other countries, placing exclusive reliance on the evaluation of mandibular third molar eruption is inadequate for ascertaining the age of majority among Black South Africans. Future studies need to examine if our results are transferable to other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Eruption Pattern of Permanentcanine and Premolar Teeth among School Children aged 10 to 12 Years in a Rural Area: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Forensic dentistry is a specialized field that evaluates dental evidence to identify unidentified individuals and missing persons in legal proceedings. Dental charts are compared with known records to establish identity. Accurate age determination is crucial, and dental age assessment is reliable up to 17 years. The study aims to analyze permanent teeth eruption patterns of canines and premolars in school children aged 10 to 12, contributing valuable insights for accurate age determination and identification in legal cases. The research seeks to aid the interest of justice in criminal, civil, and employment-related scenarios by understanding dental eruption patterns in this age group.Methods: This was across-sectional study conducted among the school children of south Kerala belonging to age group of 10-12 years. Eruption pattern of permanent canines and premolars of 562 subjects were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software.Conclusion: Sequence of eruption pattern of permanent canines and premolars were compared and it was observed with statistical significance that eruption of canineprecedes the eruption of second premolars. All the teeth erupted earlier in females compared to males.There was a significant relation with reduced body mass index and delayed eruption of teeth.

Comprehensive Oral Diagnosis and Management for Women with Turner Syndrome.

Turner Syndrome (TS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects females when one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing. Due to high genetic and phenotypic variability, TS diagnosis is challenging and is often delayed until adolescence, resulting in poor clinical management. Numerous oral, dental and craniofacial anomalies have been associated with TS, yet a comprehensive description is still lacking. This study addresses this gap through a detailed analysis of oral health and craniofacial characteristics in a cohort of 15 females with TS and their first-degree relatives. Subjects with TS ranged from 3 to 48 years old, none showed evidence of periodontal disease and only the youngest was in mixed dentition. Using the Multifunction System, we identified an aggregation of multiple signs and symptoms in each TS subject, including tooth anomalies (supernumerary molars, agenesis, microdontia, enamel defects, alterations in eruption patterns -advanced and delayed for chronological age-, crowding, rotations and transpositions), malocclusion (class II/1 and II/2) and Class II facial profile, while relatives exhibited fewer manifestations. The early detection of these signs and symptoms is crucial for appropriate referral and the optimal clinical management of TS, especially during the critical period of 9 to 10 years when congenital dental anomalies appear. The use of an established taxonomy to describe these phenotypic features is essential for early detection. Multidisciplinary teams are required to ensure holistic care management in rare diseases like TS.

The ectopic mandibular canines can start tooth formation in three different locations: a case series study based on single orthopantomograms from 47 individuals

IntroductionA former study on orthopantomograms from young children with abnormal dental development (not canine ectopia) demonstrated that the tooth bud of the mandibular canine, compared to a stable longitudinal canine axis, could be located normally, anteriorly or posteriorly, with close relation to the first premolar.AimThe aim of the present study is to analyse on orthopantomograms if the canine axis can demonstrate where the ectopic mandibular canine started tooth formation.MaterialsThe material consists of orthopantomograms with ectopic mandibular canines and presence of primary mandibular canines from 47 cases (29 cases 9–21 years old and 18 cases with unknown ages). The primary canines demonstrated from minor apical resorption to more severe apical resorption.MethodsBased on canine maturity, location of the canine axes and the interrelationships between the roots of the permanent canine and first premolar, the location from where the canine started tooth formation was determined. Canine maturity. Maturity stage below half root length and maturity stage above half root length revealed that 11 ectopic canines had less than half root length and 36 cases more than half root length. Canine axes. The canine axis, through the length of the primary canines Ax, is inserted on drawings of the orthopantomograms using the tracing programme Inkscape®. Interrelationship between roots. By visual inspection, the distance between the canine and first premolar was designated close distance, normal distance and extended distance.ResultsThe results are divided into 3 groups. Group 1: The initial site of the permanent ectopic canine is located within the canine axis (6 cases). Group 2: The initial site of the permanent ectopic canine is located posterior to the canine axis (36 cases). Group 3: The initial site of the permanent ectopic canine is located anterior to the canine axis (5 cases).ConclusionThe study explained that the canine axis could divide cases of ectopic canines into three groups according to the location from where tooth formation starts. For getting closer to the pattern of the ectopic canine eruption, it is necessary to analyse series of orthopantomograms taken from the same individual over several years.

The Preternatural First Premolar: A Ground Section Tooth Case Report

Ectopic eruption is a developmental disturbance in eruption pattern of permanent dentition most often associated with maxillary first permanent molar (2-6%of general population), mandibular lateral incisors (&lt;1%), maxillary permanent canines (1.5-2%). Ectopic eruption of teeth is a rare phenomenon although cases have been reported in nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, mandible, palate, orbital cavity. Ectopic eruption of mandibular first premolar is a rare condition and there were no discussions in the literature about its eruption in coronoid process. Premature loss of primary second molar and second permanent premolar can lead to disturbed eruption of first premolar. In this case report, we present an ectopic mandibular first premolar at the level of sigmoid notch below the right coronoid process.

A Seismic Tomography, Gravity, and Flexure Study of the Crust and Upper Mantle Structure Across the Hawaiian Ridge: 2. Ka'ena

AbstractThe Hawaiian Ridge, a classic intraplate volcanic chain in the Central Pacific Ocean, has long attracted researchers due to its origin, eruption patterns, and impact on lithospheric deformation. Thought to arise from pressure‐release melting within a mantle plume, its mass‐induced deformation of Earth's surface depends on load distribution and lithospheric properties, including elastic thickness (Te). To investigate these features, a marine geophysical campaign was carried out across the Hawaiian Ridge in 2018. Westward of the island of O'ahu, a seismic tomographic image, validated by gravity data, reveals a large mass of volcanic material emplaced on the oceanic crust, flanked by an apron of volcaniclastic material filling the moat created by plate flexure. The ridge adds ∼7 km of material to pre‐existing ∼6‐km‐thick oceanic crust. A high‐velocity and high‐density core resides within the volcanic edifice, draped by alternating lava flows and mass wasting material. Beneath the edifice, upper mantle velocities are slightly higher than that of the surrounding mantle, and there is no evidence of extensive magmatic underplating of the crust. There is ∼3.5 km of downward deflection of the sediment‐crust and crust‐mantle boundaries due to flexure in response to the volcanic load. At Ka'ena Ridge, the volcanic edifice's height and cross‐sectional area are no more than half as large as those determined at Hawai'i Island. Together, these studies confirm that volcanic loads to the west of Hawai'i are largely compensated by flexure. Comparisons to the Emperor Seamount Chain confirm the Hawaiian Ridge's relatively stronger lithospheric rigidity.

Experimental and numerical investigation of a small scale storm sewer geyser

The violent nature of storm sewer geysers has been puzzling researchers worldwide for a very long time. This paper investigates the geyser simulation methodology using a small-scale set-up, where important flow structures such as slugs, eruption patterns, and pressure oscillations are compared with experimental results to test the fidelity of the numerical modelling. In this exercise, a geyser-like process is produced using a continuous insertion of air in the horizontal pipe. The established methodology is used to simulate the hypothesized scenario of a finite trapped air pocket in the relatively longer pipe system. A geyser produced from a finitely trapped air pocket shows a different eruption mechanism compared to those found in previous studies. First, no slug is observed in the horizontal pipe, resulting in continuous air release. Second, the interface continuously atomizes in the vertical pipe, creating a churn-slug flow that produces a large number of small eruptions.

Transmigrated Kissing Canines: A Case Report of Bilateral Impacted Mandibular Canines

Mandibular canines, also known as the “cornerstone” of the dental arch, are important factors for dental arch stability, masticatory function, and maintaining natural facial expressions and aesthetics. Due to their eruption pattern and sequence, canines are prone to impactions with a 20 times higher frequency for maxillary canines than mandibular canines. Bilateral impactions of permanent mandibular canines are rare occurrences with a low incidence of 0.12%. Migration of teeth is a frequently documented ectopia. However, pre-eruptive migration across the midline of the arch is an unusual occurrence known as transmigration. Hereby the authors presents a 29-year-old female patient who reported with pain and swelling of the anterior mandible. On examination, it was revealed to be associated with bilaterally impacted permanent mandibular canines associated with transmigration. The case was managed by surgical extraction of both impacted teeth leading to resolution of the pain and swelling.

Comparison of Second Molar Eruption Pattern in Skeletal Class I and Class III Malocclusions among 8 9 Years old Children

Comparison of Second Molar Eruption Pattern in Skeletal Class I and Class III Malocclusions among 8 9 Years old Children

Comparison of Second Molar Eruption Pattern in Skeletal Class I and Class III Malocclusions among 8 9 Years old Children

Comparison of Second Molar Eruption Pattern in Skeletal Class I and Class III Malocclusions among 8 9 Years old Children

Identification of age at death in red deer (Cervus elaphus) through the upper dentition: Eruption pattern, wear stage and crown heights

The present research aims to determine the age at which red deer (Cervus elaphus) specimens died by examining their upper dentition. We analyzed eighty free-ranging individuals from southern Spain to establish a reference database for age calculation. The age of these individuals was identified by the mandibular teeth inferred from their known death years and the maxillary teeth were evaluated relative to them. As a result, we have provided three non-destructive methods: a description of the eruption sequence and dental replacement, a referential code for occlusal wear stages, and a regression analysis considering the height of the cusps in both upper and lower dentition. These methods offer the possibility of estimating the age at which the animals died and categorizing them into specific age groups. To evaluate the practicality of this method, we applied it to the Middle Paleolithic archaeological site of Abric Romaní. All the proposed methods allow us to approximate the age at death of red deer individuals. The most accurate results, whenever feasible, are obtained by combining these different methods. This study facilitates the inclusion of upper dentition fossils that have traditionally been omitted from the analysis in archaeological sites, allowing a better adjustment of the quantitative methods used to calculate the number of skeletal elements and the number of individuals. This, in turn, enables a more accurate construction of the anatomical and mortality profiles.

Awareness of Forensic Odontology among Dental Students and Faculty in Cyprus: A Survey-Based Study.

This study aimed to evaluate the awareness, comprehension, and practices concerning forensic odontology among dental students and faculty at a Dental School in Cyprus. An online, cross-sectional, descriptive survey, employing an adapted, self-administered questionnaire, was disseminated to all dental students and faculty at the School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, in November 2022. The survey assessed participants' demographic information and explored their awareness with questions alluding to knowledge, attitudes and practices in forensic dentistry. Of those surveyed, 47 faculty members and 304 students responded, yielding response rates of 66.2% and 80%, respectively. Statistical analysis, including Kendall's tau test and χ2 test were employed to examine correlations and associations, with Cramer's V used to measure the strength of significant associations. The predetermined significance level was α = 0.05. Awareness levels were assessed through participants' responses to specific questions in the survey. It was revealed that 87% of faculty and 65% of students were familiar with forensic odontology. A noteworthy 94% of faculty and 85% of students recognized teeth as DNA repositories. A high percentage, 98% of faculty and 89% of students, acknowledged the role of forensic odontology in the identification of criminals and deceased individuals. Awareness of age estimation through dental eruption patterns was evident in 85% of faculty and 81.6% of students. A substantial proportion (80% of faculty) maintained dental records, while 78% of students recognized the importance of dental record-keeping in ensuring quality care. Interestingly, 57% of students and 64% of faculty were aware of the possibility of dentists testifying as expert witnesses. The majority, 95.7% of faculty and 85% of students, concurred that physical harm, scars, and behavioral alterations predominantly indicate child abuse. The findings, revealing robust awareness among respondents, underscore the importance of enhancing faculty engagement in relevant seminars to further strengthen their knowledge. Additionally, emphasizing improved record-keeping practices for potential forensic applications emerges as a crucial aspect. These insights have implications for refining dental education in Cyprus and enhancing forensic practices by promoting ongoing professional development and emphasizing meticulous record-keeping within the dental community.

Keratosis Pilaris-like Eruption during Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Literature Review and Report of a Case Related to Imatinib.

The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) blocking BCR-ABL activity has revolutionized the therapeutic management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Adverse cutaneous reactions (ACRs) are common nonhematologic adverse events associated with the use of BCR-ABL TKIs. A characteristic pattern of eruption resembling keratosis pilaris (KP) has been described in patients treated with these drugs, especially nilotinib and dasatinib. The pathogenesis of this ACR is still unknown. This type of reaction appears to be uncommon with imatinib. Here, we report the case of an elderly patient with an asymptomatic KP-like eruption, which appeared one month after starting treatment with imatinib for CML. The case presentation is accompanied by a review of similar reactions in patients with CML treated with BCR-ABL inhibitors, attempting to make an excursus on the molecular targets of such drugs and possible mechanisms underlying this ACR.

Various delayed tooth eruption in children, management and outcome: A case series

It is estimated that 4.3% of patients experience delayed eruption of permanent teeth due to local causes. Mandibular second premolars were the most frequent permanent teeth associated with delayed eruption, followed by maxillary canines, and maxillary central incisors. While rare, unerupted permanent teeth should be treated promptly to avoid potential impacts on future function, esthetics, confidence, mental health, and pronunciation. For this reason, parents often seek dental examinations and treatment for their children. Delayed tooth eruption (DTE) can also affect treatment planning and orthodontic timing. This report presents three cases of unerupted teeth. All cases were treated with a simple excision of overlying tissue to expose the crown using either a scalpel or electrocautery. Two of three lesion diagnosis was confirmed by Histopathology anatomy (HPA). In all cases, the involved teeth spontaneously erupted immediately following treatment, providing good aesthetics. However, one case experienced complications due to allergies during the wound healing process. In conclusion, proper diagnosis and treatment of DTE, including consideration of developmental disturbance factors, can help ensure normal eruption patterns and satisfactory aesthetic results.