Patients In Psychiatric Clinic Research Articles

Abnormal Electroencephalogram Findings and Its Correlation With Clinical Features From Pediatric Patients in Psychiatric Clinic.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the occurrence of electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities in pediatric patients attending an outpatient psychiatry clinic at a tertiary center. We examined the rates of abnormalities and specific findings based on demographics, specific diagnoses, and clinical severity. Methods: This study included pediatric patients who underwent EEG at the outpatient psychiatry clinic. Patient demographics, psychiatric diagnosis, intellectual disability, intelligent quotient (IQ) score, family history of psychiatric disorders, and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score were obtained through retrospective electronic health record analysis. The rate of EEG abnormalities was calculated, and specific abnormal findings were reviewed. Relationships between the rate of EEG abnormalities and diagnosis, severity, IQ, and age at EEG examination were analyzed. Results: Of 319 patients who underwent EEG, 21.3% (68 patients) of patients exhibited abnormalities, including background abnormalities (14.7%, 47 patients), interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) (10.3%, 33 patients), and a slow posterior dominant rhythm (3.8%, 10 patients). The frontal region was the most commonly affected area. Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) had the most frequent abnormalities (29.8%), followed by anxiety (16.7%), sleep (14.3%), mood (11.7%), psychotic (5%), and conduct disorders (0%). Disease severity did not correlate with the rate of EEG abnormalities. Adjusted for age, sex, severity, and family history, patients with EEG abnormalities exhibited lower IQ scores. Conclusion: EEG abnormalities were common in pediatric patients with psychiatric disorders, with background abnormalities detected as frequently as IEDs. Disease severity was not associated with EEG abnormality, while IQ scores showed a negative correlation.

The effect of the Yara smartphone application on anxiety, sleep quality, and suicidal thoughts in patients with major depressive disorder in Iran: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundDepression is one of the most common mental disorders that leads to anxiety, sleep disturbances, and suicidal thoughts. Due to the high cost of treatment and the reluctance of many patients to seek medical help, major depressive disorder (MDD) is becoming more prevalent. Therefore, alternative methods like smartphone applications can help prevent and improve depression symptoms. The present study aimed to determine the effect of the newly developed Yara smartphone application on anxiety, sleep quality, and suicidal thoughts in patients with MDD.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest design was conducted on Iranian patients with MDD in 2022. Sixty-four patients were recruited using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two control and intervention groups. The intervention was conducted using the Yara smartphone application for three months. Data were collected using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI). Data were first entered into IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA) and then analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the mean score of anxiety and sleep quality between the intervention and control groups before the intervention (p ≥ .05). However, this difference in the mean score of anxiety and sleep quality was statistically significant in the two groups after the intervention (p < .05). The results showed no statistically significant difference in the mean score of suicidal thoughts between the two groups before and after the intervention (p ≥ .05). The use of the Yara smartphone application had a significant positive effect on anxiety and sleep quality in depressed patients (p < .001). At the same time, it had no significant effect on suicidal thoughts (p ≥ .05).ConclusionConsidering the positive effect of using the Yara smartphone application on reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality in depressed patients, this application can help alleviate the problems of depressed patients alongside existing treatment methods. Thus, this application is recommended for this group of patients in psychiatric clinics and departments. The Yara application's effectiveness was not approved on suicidal thoughts in this study so that further investigation would be necessary.Trial RegistrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trial approval code (IRCT# IRCT20131112015390N7).

Forensic-Psychiatric Consultations in General Psychiatry

A subgroup of psychiatric patients are at increased risk of committing interpersonal violence, which may lead to placements in forensic-psychiatric institutions. The majority of patients treated in forensic hospitals have had contact with the general psychiatric care system years before being forensically committed due to an offence. Nevertheless, attempts to establish models related to violence prevention in general psychiatry have remained sparse. In the Canton of Zurich, the forensic psychiatric consultation liaison service provides the general psychiatric clinics with access to forensic psychiatric expertise. In this paper, we describe the consultation service's diagnostic and advisory offers and aim to characterize the patient population seen by the service. We compared the three most common diagnostic groups (schizophrenic, affective and personality disorders) regarding reason for consultation, history of violence and substance abuse. In addition, we analyzed content and kind of the recommendations made. From 2013 to 2021, 188 patients in general psychiatric clinics in Zurich have been examined after informed consent. Most patients had a positive history of violence (72.7%) and substance use (66.1%). Almost half of the patients (48.4%) had been diagnosed with schizophrenia or a related disorder.

Practical Guideline on Dealing with Transgender Patients in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatient Settings

Practical Guideline on Dealing with Transgender Patients in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatient Settings Abstract: The guideline provided by the Federal Association of Leading Medical Directors for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry offers a framework for dealing with transgender patients in child and adolescent psychiatric clinics. It addresses the clinical challenges arising from the significant increase in transgender patients and the paradigm shift in the medical field. The guideline includes recommendations for dealing with transgender patients in various settings. Key treatment principles comprise adopting a destigmatizing approach, using preferred names and pronouns, accommodating individual room assignments, and considering relevant comorbidities. Only experienced medical doctors and psychotherapists should carry out diagnosis and treatment. The goals for supporting adolescents with gender dysphoria include promoting self-acceptance, addressing negative emotions, facilitating social integration, and fostering identity development.

Features of emotional relationships of patients with schizophrenia to their family members

Schizophrenia has accompanied mankind since ancient times. The symptoms of this disease were reflected in ancient literature and in Holy Scripture. About 1% of the general population suffers from schizophrenia in civilized countries, and in turn, about 25 to 50% of patients in psychiatric clinics are represented by patients with schizophrenia. VD Vid cites data that schizophrenia is the cause of 39.9% of cases of the total number of mentally disabled people and links such a high percentage of morbidity with insufficient development and implementation of secondary and tertiary prevention. The purpose of this article was to investigate the features of emotional relationships of schizophrenia patients to other people and family members presented in the scientific literature. There are two groups of authors with the opposite opinion about the emotional relationships of a schizophrenic patient. One group of authors (E. Bleiler, E. Kraepelin, V.P. Kritskaya et al., I.Ya. Lagun, D. Hell and M. Fischer-Felten, K. Jaspers) notes that at the beginning of the disease, and then—in a developing weakly or with a pronounced personality defect, patients develop emotional cooling, isolation from loved ones. Another group (V.D. Vid, A.A. Kempinski, Сz.P. Korolenko and N.V. Dmitrieva, A.P. Kotsiubinsky etc., A.S. Tiganov etc., A.B. Kholmogorova etc., S. Arieti) at the same time has information that to some extent an altruistic, attentive attitude to abstract, unfamiliar and unfamiliar people is preserved, and can also have a “symbiotic” relationship with one of the parents. These contradictory aspects of the emotional side, as a reflection of emotional attachment, the relationship of patients to their close environment, allow us to outline the vector of subsequent experimental verification and refinement.

Reading interventions among patients at a forensic clinic: a one-year follow-up

ABSTRACT Several previous studies have shown an overrepresentation of reading and writing difficulties among patients in psychiatric clinics. However, few studies have conducted reading interventions aimed at improving patients’ reading ability. The present study aimed to investigate the sustainability of a previously implemented reading intervention one year after completion. Furthermore, the purpose was to examine how patients perceived a reading intervention and how they experienced their previous schooling. Participants comprised 20 patients who had previously undergone 13 sessions of reading interventions. The results showed that the patients had maintained the same reading level they had immediately after the interventions ended. Most participants had experienced troublesome schooling. However, they perceived reading interventions as a rewarding and meaningful activity at the institutions. The results are discussed concerning social, pedagogical, and psychological aspects.

The Strandet Ill: Long-Term-Inpatients in Psychiatric Hospitals and Departments

To quantify this problem. Cross-sectional assessment of the number of long-term patients in psychiatric clinics in Lower Saxony. 13 clinics of adult psychiatry report 60 long-term patients and one clinic for child and adolescent psychiatry reports 2 patients. Median duration of stay 9.5, maximum 215 months. Reasons for long-term hospitalisation include patients' challenging behaviour and, consequently, difficulties to find an accommodating long-term facility. Housing willing to accommodate mentally ill persons with challenging behaviour is lacking, as well as local responsibility for the placement of these persons. Systematic transfer management from hospital to residential homes does not exist.

Turkish adaptation of Wilson-Sims psychiatric fall risk assessment scale.

This study aimed to adapt the Wilson-Sims Fall Scale to Turkish and assess the levels of sensitivity and selectivity. The scale consisting of two sections and 15 items including age, gender, mental and physical status, elimination, impairments, gait/balance, falls' history, medications, and detox protocol was administered to 750 patients in psychiatric clinic. The kappa coefficient of the study (K: 0.44, p < .000) showed a moderate agreement. The sensitivity and selectivity rates of the scale were 78.5% and 77.6%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 6.25% and 99.4%. The scale has acceptable sensitivity and selectivity values. It is best practice to use both Wilson-Sims and Itaki Scale simultaneously for identification of patients at risk of falling.

Differences of mentally ill patients' satisfaction degree during their involuntary or voluntary stay in a psychiatric clinic.

Background: Mental health illness is not considered as a private matter, as it affects not only the mental patient’s life and those who are considered his/her immediate family, but also the society as a whole. The involuntary examination and/or hospitalization in the field of mental health as the basic first-line therapeutic solution in Greece, calls for an immediate intervention, which is supposed to counterbalance the need for therapy and patient’s rights of personal freedom and safety.Design and methods: A research using questionnaire was realized, consisting of 100 hospitalized patients in psychiatric clinics (50 voluntarily and 50 involuntarily hospitalized) at the Psychiatric Hospital of Attica. The sampling scheme was the stratified sampling and the level of statistical significance was set to α=0.05.Results: The results have shown that involuntarily and voluntarily hospitalized mental patients did not differ significantly with almost the entirety of the questionnaire; however, the involuntarily patients were significantly more satisfied with the conditions of hospitalization as well as assessing the overall quality of the services provided during their hospitalization.Conclusions: For mentally ill patients, greater importance and stronger correlation with gratification, does not constitute the admission procedure to the psychiatric clinic but the development of effective communication and therapeutic relationship with the staff, full knowledge and update about patient’s health condition, medication, participation in therapeutic planning and hospitalization in a regime of autonomy and respect for their rights.Significance for public healthThe integration of tools for measuring patient satisfaction in the decision-making process is considered important to further improve the quality of services provided to users of public health services. The benefits that result from the evaluation of patient satisfaction concern both patients themselves and health professionals. The satisfaction of involuntarily hospitalized mentally ill patients is not only a matter of clinical significance but mainly a matter of ethics, given that these patients are admitted for treatment without being able to terminate their treatment. The involuntarily hospitalized patients’ satisfaction of provided health services is a particular challenge for the use of satisfaction measurement tools, as involuntary hospitalization is one of the most ethically challenging practices in medicine, which touches on the rights and freedoms of the patient.

Sociodemographic determinants of disability in patients with schizophrenia (Bulgaria, 2018-2019)

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is an increasing public health problem. Despite its low prevalence and mortality, it causes significant disability and has enormous health, social, and economic burden for patients, families, society and health systems worldwide. The aim was to assess the impact of some sociodemographic determinants on disability in patients with paranoid schizophrenia (PS). Methods The study includes 108 patients in Psychiatric Clinic at Pleven University Hospital: 66 males and 42 females, mean age 38.9±10.0, duration of disease 12.8±8.2 years; mean onset of disease - 24 years (Me = 25 and Mo = 22). The study was approved by Ethical Committee. The disease burden was assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (Ð ANSS), and level of disability - by 36-item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Four variables (gender, age, education, type of employment) were chosen and their impact on disability was assessed by one-way ANOVA (F-test), Tukey's NDS test, two-sided t-test, Pierson r. Data processing was performed by IBM SPSS v.24. Results The most severe deficits were observed in “getting along with people” (61.34±25.77),”life-activities-household” (55.74±23.45), “participation in society” (53.13±19.12), “understanding and communicating” (41.67±17.67). Age at disease onset and its duration showed weak positive correlation. In most domains, males had higher deficits (р=0.0001). Age had an impact only on “getting around” (r = 0.41;p=0.0001) and “self-care” (r = 0.260;p=0.007). Significant differences (F (2,104)=7.565, p &amp;lt; 0.01) were found between groups by education level and occupation (employed/students, unemployed and disabled) - F (3,103)=16.734; p&amp;lt;0.001. Conclusions Sociodemographic factors play a major role for different function domains deficits in PS patients. Most pronounced is the impact of education and occupation. Patients with higher education and those engaged in study or work demonstrate better social functioning than less educated and disabled people. Key messages Education is an important protective factor for disability. Lower educational level decreases competitiveness in workforce market, both in general population and in patients with schizophrenia. Sociodemographic determinants should be considered in planning appropriate preventive and rehabilitation activities to stimulate better social functioning and adaptation of PS patients.

Analysis of Ability and Willingness to Pay Patients in Psychiatric Clinics (Special hospital case study in Maluku Province)

The ability to pay and the willingness to pay is a contributing factor in the utilization of services. The population in this study was a general patient who was educated at a psychiatric clinic in the Special Hospital of Maluku Province, 2019. The samples in this study are common patients who are given services to psychiatric clinics. The number of samples obtained using accidental sampling techniques obtained as much as 48 people. The results showed that patients could pay (Abilitiy to Pay) at psychiatric clinics at a rate of Rp. 80,000 with the ability to pay a maximum of Rp. 175,000 and the ability to pay a minimum of Rp. 40,000 whereas the willingness to pay (willingness to pay) normative patients at the Special Hospital Psychiatric Clinic of Maluku region is Rp. 82,083 with a willingness to pay a maximum normative amount of Rp. 100,000 and a willingness to pay a minimum normative cost of Rp. 75,000. Hospitals can revise tariffs in psychiatric clinics taking into account the level of ability and willingness of the community and set rates that do not exceed the ability to pay the community.

The Characteristics and Social Functioning of Pathological Social Withdrawal, \u201cHikikomori,\u201d in a Secondary Care Setting: a One-Year Cohort Study

BackgroundPathological social withdrawal, named “Hikikomori,” is a Japanese culture-bound syndrome and a serious social problem in Japan. The number of Hikikomori cases in Japan was estimated at about 563,000 in 2016 according to governmental surveys. However, no studies have reported how many people with Hikikomori have access to community-based psychiatry clinics, and how different they are from non-Hikikomori patients regarding their baseline characteristics and outcomes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the baseline characteristics, clinical attendance, and social functioning of community psychiatric clinic patients treated for social withdrawal at one-year follow-up.MethodParticipants (n = 304) were all patients (aged under 65) of a psychiatric clinic in a one-year period. Baseline patient characteristics were compared among “current” Hikikomori patients, “past” Hikikomori,” and “other” patients. Logistic regression analysis of clinic attendance status and social functioning at one-year follow-up was used to assess patient outcomes. Independent variables were age, gender, Hikikomori status, and support from clinical staff.ResultsNumbers of “current”, “past” Hikikomori, and “other” patients were 60 (19.7%), 81 (26.6%), and 163 (53.6%), respectively. The percentage of “current” Hikikomori who attended in person (56.7%) was significantly smaller than for “past” (92.6%) and “other” (92.6) (p < .001). The age distribution of “current” Hikikomori patients was bimodal, peaking at 20 and 40–45 years. The “current” state predicted significantly fewer regular visits (OR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.22–0.83; p = .012); support from psychiatric social workers increased visits (OR = 2.35; 95% CI = 1.14–4.86; p = .021). Among the “current” Hikikomori patients, first visit attendance in person predicted regular attendance; no factor consistently predicted working/schooling status.ConclusionA sizable percentage of community clinic patients experienced Hikikomori. The “current” Hikikomori state corresponded with low clinic attendance and social function; “support from clinical staff” may increase visit regularity; no factors consistently improved social functioning. Further multi-site study is warranted to examine the generalizability of the findings from the current single-center study.

Drug-drug interactions and pharmacists’ interventions among psychiatric patients in outpatient clinics of a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia

BackgroundLack of recognition of labeled drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is a type of medication error of particular relevance to the treatment of psychiatric patients. Pharmacists are in a position to detect and address potential DDIs. ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore pharmacists’ role in the identification and management of DDIs among psychiatric patients in psychiatric outpatient clinics of a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. MethodThis study was a retrospective, cross-sectional medical chart review of patients visiting outpatient psychiatric clinics. It utilized medical records of patients who were taking any psychotropic medications and were prescribed at least one additional drug. The hospital Computerized Physician Order Entry system was used to identify DDIs and determine the pharmacists’ interventions. The Beers criteria were applied to detect inappropriate prescribing among older patients. ResultsOn average, the pharmacists intervened in 12 out of 213 (5.6%) cases of major or moderate DDIs. Older age, higher number of prescription medications, the severity of DDIs, and the utilization of lithium and anticoagulants were positively associated with the pharmacist undertaking an action. ConclusionFuture studies should explore the prevalence rate of harmful DDIs among psychiatric patients on a large scale and examine the effectiveness of different pharmacy policies in the detection and management of DDIs.

‘The Art of Understanding in Forensic Psychiatric Care’ – From a Caring Science Perspective Based on a Lifeworld Approach

Patients in forensic psychiatric clinics are a vulnerable and exposed patient group due to suffering from a severe mental disorder, having committed a crime and being cared for against their will in an institutional environment with a high level of security. The art of understanding in forensic psychiatric care is discussed from a caring science perspective, based on a lifeworld approach. The aim is to contribute knowledge that can support staff, who daily meet patients on forensic psychiatric wards, in applying a caring attitude.

Borderline personality disorder.

Caretakers are often intimidated or alienated by patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), compounding the clinical challenges posed by the severe morbidity, high social costs and substantial prevalence of this disorder in many health-care settings. BPD is found in ∼1.7% of the general population but in 15-28% of patients in psychiatric clinics or hospitals and in a large proportion of individuals seeking help for psychological problems in general health facilities. BPD is characterized by extreme sensitivity to perceived interpersonal slights, an unstable sense of self, intense and volatile emotionality and impulsive behaviours that are often self-destructive. Most patients gradually enter symptomatic remission, and their rate of remission can be accelerated by evidence-based psychosocial treatments. Although self-harming behaviours and proneness to crisis can decrease over time, the natural course and otherwise effective treatments of BPD usually leave many patients with persistent and severe social disabilities related to depression or self-harming behaviours. Thus, clinicians need to actively enquire about the central issues of interpersonal relations and unstable identity. Failure to correctly diagnose patients with BPD leads to misleading pharmacological interventions that rarely succeed. Whether the definition of BPD should change is under debate that is linked to not fully knowing the nature of this disorder.

Role of spirituality in coping strategies with mental illness among psychiatric patients in outpatients psychiatric clinics at teaching hospitals in Baghdad City

Spirituality is contributed in coping with mental illness. Spiritual-religious coping refers to the tendency of individuals to use religious rituals and spiritual practices to get rid of illness, emotional crises, stressful life. A descriptive design study in which assessment approach is applied to achieve the objectives of the study and was carried out to assess role of spirituality in coping strategies with mental illness among psychiatric patients in outpatients’ psychiatric clinics at teaching hospitals in baghdad city. The period of the study was from the 4th December, 2017 to the 1th March, 2018. The data are analyzed through the use of Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM-SPSS version 24). The descriptive and inferential statistical procedures were used for analysis of data. The finding of the study revealed that psychiatric patients are having a moderate level of spirituality in which the total score of the spiritual well-being, role of spirituality in coping strategies with mental illness; the correlation in this table indicates that there is high significant relationship between spirituality and coping strategies at p-value = 0.001respectively. This indicates that spirituality has a strong positive role in coping strategies with mental illness among psychiatric patients.

Do smoking assess in psychiatric outpatients?

Are psychiatric outpatients assessed for smoking? ABSTRACT Objectives: The presence of psychiatric disorder is not obstacle for the treatment to quit smoking; however this treatment is not preferred among primary purposes in these patients. We aimed to investigate use of tobacco, whether asked their smoking habit by a psychiatrist, the request of patients who smoke to quit smoking, whether they can get help from the psychiatric outpatient clinic of knowledge about smoking cessation and "Addiction and Treatment of Smoking" training of the psychiatrists effects on query of smoking status. Methods: This study was conducted at Outpatient Clinic of the Beyhekim Department of Psychiatry at Konya Education and ResearchHospital between June and July 2013. Five-item questionnaire was administered to all participants after the examination in the first phase.. The outpatient clinic doctors were not informed about the questionnaire during examination because of alteration their interrogation of smoking. In September 2013, "Addiction and Treatment of Smoking" training were given to the psychiatrists doctors working in this study. In the second phase of this study, same questionnaire was administrated to patients of these trained doctors.. Results: 51.1% of participants were smokers. In the first phase of the study, doctors from the 18.3% (n= 40) and 53.5% (n = 95) in the second phase had questioned smoking of patients. After training seminar the rate to question of doctors had significantly increased (p<0.001). %37.9 of participants (n=69) wanted to quit smoking. %46.9 of participants (n=186) knew that they can get help from the psychiatric outpatient clinic for smoking cessation. Conclusion: "Chance to get rid of smoking addiction" should be offered to patients in psychiatric outpatient clinics. Working to increase the knowledge of psychiatrics on this subject should be made. Keywords: Mental Disorders, Psychiatrist, Smoking, Smoking Cessation.

Procrastination as a personal factor in young patients with mental disorders

IntroductionMany of contemporary studies of procrastination were conducted with healthy students. Only a few investigators analyzed procrastination's connection with personal features (self-esteem), socio-psychological parameters (aggression, well-being). Researchers do not consider procrastination as a personal factor in patients with different mental disorders. Most of procrastination's researches are related to affective spectrum disorders (depression), often found in the student's environment.ObjectivesMale and female students (aged 18–25). Normal group–61. Experimental group - 54 patients of psychiatric clinic, divided to diagnosis: schizophrenia F20.01, bipolar disorder F31 and personality disorder F60.AimsStudy of procrastination combined with personal characteristics (self-esteem, aggression) on young people: normal and with endogenous pathology.MethodsProcrastination assessment scale-students (PASS) by L.J. Solomon, E.D. Rothblum; Rosenzweig Picture Frustration Test; E. Wagner's The Hand Test; Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Self-esteem by Dembo-Rubinstein. Multiple linear regressions were used as method of data assessment.ResultsAssessment of obtained data allowed to distinguish some different models of connections parameters of PASS and other tests. These models differ in comparing groups. Healthy students: multidimensional model of communication procrastination and personality parameters harmoniously combined personal and socio-psychological parameters. Schizophrenia: fewer models, mostly one-dimensional structure (identified only communication based on personal parameters). Bipolar disorder: one or two dimensional model (include mainly characteristics of aggression and self-rated health). Personality disorders: some mono and multi-dimensional models, their structure and content are very close to normative sample.ConclusionsProcrastination is consider as common phenomenon at young people.Connections PASS and personal features differ according to disease.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Indicators of bone metabolism in patients of psychiatric clinic on the background of dimephosphone intake

Aim. To study the indicators of bone metabolism in patients of psychiatric clinics on the background of dimephosphone oral intake.Methods. Research was conducted at the Republican Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after V.M. Bekhterev (Kazan). 64 patients (36 men and 28 women) aged 45 to 68 years (mean age 56.8±6.9 years) with various forms of mental disorders taking psychotropic drugs for the period of 3 years and over were examined. Resorption markers were determined - D-pyridinoline in urine, serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and the content of total and ionized serum calcium. All patients were divided into two groups: those who received dimephosphone in the combined systemic therapy and those who did not. The average duration of the dimephosphone administration was 22±4.2 days, the patients undergone on average 2.6±1.44 courses of treatment during 6 months.Results. The activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in psychiatric patients was higher compared with those of the control group. The maximum value was registered in patients who were not taking dimephosphone. The alkaline phosphatase activity was the highest in mentally healthy patients of the control group. In psychiatric patients treated with dimephosphone, alkaline phosphatase activity was 20% lower compared with the control group. The minimum values of alkaline phosphatase were registered in patients with mental disorders not taking dimephosphone. When studying the concentration of total and ionized serum calcium there were no significant differences between patients of comparison group and psychiatric patients.Conclusion. Shift in processes of bone remodeling toward its resorption indicates a high risk of pathological fractures in psychiatric patients and the need for osteoporosis prevention; identified changes in biochemical markers of osteoporosis on the background of dimephosphone intake allow to recommend it for the treatment of diagnosed osteoporosis in a psychiatric hospital settings.

Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale - Thai Version: Translation and Assessment of Psychometric Properties Among Psychiatric Outpatients in Central Thailand

This paper reports the translation of the English Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale into Thai and assessment of its psychometric properties. After forward- and backward-translation, Thai experts completed the content validity index with item agreements of .86 to 1.00. Data were collected from 390 psychiatric clinic patients in central Thailand using systematic random sampling. Unweighted least squares factor analysis with Promax rotation identified five subscales. Cronbach's alpha for scale reliability was .88, and correlations for construct validity ranged from r=.55 to .69. These findings support the validity and reliability of the Thai version of the scale.