Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire Research Articles

Effect of Feedback Provision on Improving Patient Safety Indices Based on Hospital Accreditation Model: A Study in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd

Background: Accreditation means systematic evaluation of health service centers with specific standards. One of the most important goals of the accreditation process is to improve patient safety. Patient safety visits are one of the most important standards for improving safety. One of the ways to increase the effectiveness of visits is holding feedback sessions. Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the effect of feedback provision on improving patient safety indices based on the hospital accreditation model in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd. Methods: The present study is a semi-experimental study with a before-and-after design that was conducted in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd, from September to December 2021 and January to August 2022. After each visit, formal feedback sessions were held with the attendance of patient safety team members and officials of the visited wards/units. Evaluation indicators included patient safety indicators in accreditation standards, such as error reporting, rate of unwanted events, and patient safety culture score. These were measured before and after feedback. The tools used were the patient safety standards evaluation checklist based on the accreditation model, the patient safety culture questionnaire, and other indicators extracted using documentation. The Patient Safety Culture Evaluation Questionnaire was completed by 360 nurses working in the hospital in the form of a census. Analysis was done using descriptive statistical tests and paired t-tests with STATA 14.2 software. Results: Based on the results of the study, safety feedback was provided to increase patient safety indicators in different departments and units of hospitals [t = - 4.8652, w/df = 10, P = 0.0007, (P = 0.05)]. A significant difference was observed in the amount of error reporting (P = 0.031) and patient safety (P < 0.001) before and after the intervention. The degree of compliance with the dimensions of the patient safety culture had a statistically significant difference before and after the intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Providing a safety feedback program had a significant positive effect on the consumption and consequences of the patient’s safety culture. Therefore, conducting regular safety visits and setting up a direct feedback program to each department/unit after the visit, and the follow-up of corrective measures, will lead to an increase in patient safety standards.

Determination of Medical Faculty Clinical Students' Attitudes Towards Patient Safety: A Mixed Design Study

BackgroundThe study was planned to determine the attitudes of medical faculty students in clinics toward patient safety. MethodsIt is a mixed-design study using quantitative and qualitative methods. The “student information form” and the “Attitudes toward Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire (APSQ)” created using “Google Forms” were e-mailed to clinical students of the medical faculty. Quantitative data were collected from 125 students. Then, semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with six students from each class. The data were obtained through video and audio recordings of the 45-minute interviews through the Zoom program. ResultsAccording to the results, 86% of the 125 students did not receive any training on patient safety. The total score of the students on the APSQ was 94.87 ± 14.32. Six main themes and twenty sub-themes emerged from the qualitative data. The main themes are students' awareness of patient safety, students' misconceptions about “patient safety,” students' knowledge about the scope of patient safety, students' experiences with medical errors, deficiencies in educational processes on patient safety, and suggestions for educational approaches to patient safety. ConclusionsAfter completing undergraduate medical education, physicians typically assume roles as general practitioners in various healthcare settings, such as hospital’s emergency departments, home care, or community health centers. The lack of awareness among medical students about patient safety is a significant concern that needs to be addressed. As stakeholders in their education, students recognize the importance of being well-prepared to provide safe and effective patient care in their future roles as physicians.

Assessing Patient Safety Culture: Insights from a Neurological Institute.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among healthcare workers exercising at a neurological institution using a validated Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture questionnaire containing ten safety care dimensions. A total of 123 responses to the questionnaire were analyzed, accounting for 34.5% of the total (Cronbach's alpha=0.677). Among the participants, 61.8% considered the level of awareness regarding patient safety to be acceptable. The dimensions considered as strengths were "Organizational learning and continuous improvement" with the highest positive response (60.3%) "Relationship patient-staff member" (58.9%) and "Teamwork within units" (58.9%). However, the dimensions considered as weaknesses were "Management support for patient safety" with 28.5% of positive responses and "Communication openness and non-punitive response to error" (40%). Patient safety culture among healthcare professionals is at an average with "Organizational learning and continuous improvement" being a positive aspect. However, improvements should be made in all dimensions to enhance and promote patient safety within the institution.

Patient Safety Culture in the Context of Critical Care: An Observational Study.

A robust safety culture is essential for ensuring high-quality healthcare delivery. From a nursing perspective, especially among critical patients, it fosters ongoing improvement by highlighting areas that need attention. This study aimed to evaluate the perception of patient safety culture among nurses within the critical care environment. An observational study was conducted at a central hospital in Portugal employing the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSPSC) questionnaire. The study encompassed 57, nurses predominantly female (73.7%), aged 25-64. Most participants were general nurses (77.2%), with a significant proportion (61.4%) working in the emergency department and possessing an average tenure of 13 years at the facility. The perception of critical patient safety culture (CPSC) was predominantly positive (40.6%), varying by department, with intensive care nurses reporting the highest positivity rates. Teamwork was identified as a strong point, receiving 80.7% positivity, highlighting it as a well-established domain in the CPSC, whereas other domains were recognised as requiring enhancements. The study pinpointed both strengths and weaknesses within the CPSC, offering a foundation for developing targeted strategies to bolster patient safety culture in critical care settings.

A survey on the effects of patient safety training programs based on SBAR and FMEA techniques on the level of self-efficacy and observance of patient safety culture in Iran hospital, Shiraz in 2022-2023.

Patient safety and medical personnel self-efficacy are among the main factors involved in providing quality health services. Moreover, safety culture in an organization is considered one of the most critical factors regarding patients' safety. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of patient safety programs based on Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation (SBAR) and Failure Model Effects Analysis (FMEA) techniques on self-efficacy and patient safety culture in Iran Hospital of Shiraz in 2022-2023. This two-stage quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022-2033. Considering inclusion criteria, the present study included 80 nurses working in Iran Hospital. The participants were divided into groups of SBAR (40 participants) and FMEA (40 participants). All the data were collected using a Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire and Sherer General Self-Efficacy Scale. Then, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 13, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and independent t-test with a significant level of P < 0.05. The mean score of total patient safety culture between the two groups was insignificant before the intervention (P = 0.58). However, it was more significant in the FMEA group than the SBAR group after the intervention (P < 0/05). In addition, the mean self-efficacy score between the two groups was insignificant before the intervention (P = 0.80). However, after the intervention, the mean score of the FMEA group was significantly higher than the SBAR group (P < 0.05). According to the findings of this study, there is a meaningful relationship between patient safety training programs based on SBAR and FMEA techniques on patient safety and self-efficacy of nurses; however, FMEA training has more positive effects on self-efficacy and patient safety compared to other techniques. As a result, these techniques, along with other plans, are recommended to authorities in order to help improve patient safety.

Văn hoá an toàn người bệnh và một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng tại Bệnh viện Phạm Ngọc Thạch, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2023

Objective: To measure patient safety culture and some factors influence in 12 areas relating to patient care in Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital. Methods: Cross-sectional research. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire of the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) version Vietnamese was used in this survey. All medical staff working in the Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital were asked to complete the questionnaire. We employed the software Stata 16.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010 to perform the statistical analysis of the survey data. Average positive response rate in 12 patient safety culture dimensions in Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital was 75%, higher than in Taiwan (64%). Worthy of note were the high positive response rates observed in the following areas: Teamwork within units (94%), manager views and actions promoting patient safety (91%), management support for patient safety, learning-continuous improvement (89%), and feedback and communication about errors (85,6%). However, there were three areas that still received many negative responses and showed room for improvement such as handoff, transitions, staffing, and non-punitive response to errors. The survey in Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital which provides an overview of the patient safety culture in the hospital. Although most medical staff had positive responses regarding patient safety in many areas relating to patient care within their departments as well as in the whole hospital, but there were still areas that had a low positive response and needed to be improved.

Evolución de la percepción de la cultura de seguridad de los profesionales sanitarios en una urgencia pediátrica

Background and aimSafety culture (SC) is a fundamental tool for minimizing adverse events and improving safety and quality of care. Our objective, therefore was to analyze the evolution of the SC of healthcare professionals in a pediatric emergency department (PED) after the implementation of a risk management system for patient safety based on the UNE:EN:ISO 179003 Standard and the execution of new safe practices for Joint Commission International accreditation. At the same time describe the current strengths and weaknesses. MethodsQuasi-experimental, single-center study. All PED professionals participated in the study. An initial measurement of SC was performed through the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS) questionnaire of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality adapted to Spanish in 2014. Pro-patient safety strategies were implemented between 2015 and 2022. A subsequent measurement was performed in 2022. ResultsThe response rate in 2014 was 55% and 78% in 2022. On both occasions the group with the highest participation was nurses with 35.1% and 34.8%, respectively.Five dimensions improved after the interventions: frequency of adverse events (25.2%, p<0.001), organizational learning (25%, p<0.001), feedback and communication about errors (22.3%, p<0.001), non-punitive response to errors (6.5%, p = 0.176), and management support (4%, p = 0.333). ConclusionsThe actions carried out had a positive influence on organizational learning and the frequency of adverse events reported and communication within the team. In contrast, the perception of SC did not increase.

Patient safety culture in nurses' clinical practice.

to assess the psychometric characteristics of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, to characterize the patient safety culture, and to assess the influence of the sociodemographic and professional variables on the safety culture dimensions. a methodological, observational, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted with 360 nurses in which the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire was used. The data were submitted to descriptive and inferential analysis, as well as to feasibility and validity studies. the nurses' mean age is 42 years old, their mean time of professional experience is 19 years, and they are mostly female. Good internal consistency was obtained (Cronbach's alpha: 0.83), as well as acceptable model fit quality indices. Teamwork within units, Supervisor expectations and Feedback and communication about errors were the dimensions that obtained scores above 60%. Non-punitive response to error, Frequency of events reported, Support for patient safety and Staffing presented scores below 40%. These dimensions are influenced by age, schooling level and professional experience. the psychometric properties of the questionnaire certify its good quality. Teamwork can be considered as an enhancing factor for the safety culture. Assessing the safety culture allowed identifying problematic dimensions, thus enabling planning of future interventions.

When Illegitimate Tasks Threaten Patient Safety Culture: A Cross-Sectional Survey in a Tertiary Hospital.

Objectives: The current study investigates the prevalence of illegitimate tasks in a hospital setting and their association with patient safety culture outcomes, which has not been previously investigated. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a tertiary referral hospital. Patient safety culture outcomes were measured using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire; the primary outcome measures were a low safety rating for the respondent's unit and whether the respondent had completed one or more safety event reports in the last 12months. Analyses were adjusted for hospital department and staff member characteristics relating to work and health. Results: A total of 2,276 respondents answered the survey (participation rate: 35.0%). Overall, 26.2% of respondents perceived illegitimate tasks to occur frequently, 8.1% reported a low level of safety in their unit, and 60.3% reported having completed one or more safety event reports. In multivariable analyses, perception of a higher frequency of illegitimate tasks was associated with a higher risk of reporting a low safety rating and with a higher chance of having completed event reports. Conclusion: The prevalence of perceived illegitimate tasks was rather high. A programme aiming to reduce illegitimate tasks could provide support for a causal effect of these tasks on safety culture outcomes.

Patient Safety Culture Analysis in Dental Hospital Using Dental Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire: A Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation Study.

The culture of safety and patient safety management in dental practice lags compared with medical practice. Hospitals strive to pursue quality and safety of healthcare services, with evidence of patient safety incidents in medical practice demonstrating the importance of promoting a safety culture. Measuring patient safety culture is a necessary first step to improving safety culture in clinical settings. As a hospital, dental hospital should improve the quality and culture of patient safety. Thus, our objective was to conduct a cross-cultural adaptation of a US measure of dental office patient safety culture for use in Indonesian dental hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 respondents at a dental hospital in Java, Indonesia. The first stage includes cultural adaptation and translation, followed by developing a questionnaire that was tested through expert agreement and analysis of validity and reliability using Spearman, Cronbach correlation coefficients, and correlation coefficients between classes. The Dental Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture consists of 58 items and 10 dimensions (overall perceptions of patient safety and quality, organizational learning, teamwork, staff training, work pressure and pace, management support for patient safety, office processes and standardization, communication about errors, communication openness, and patient care tracking/follow-up). A total of 200 respondents with a response rate of 61.5% and 77 invalid responses due to incomplete filling, so 123 respondents were analyzed. The validity test results on 38 question items from 10 dimensions, with a sign of 0.05%, 35 items are declared valid. The Indonesian version of the Dental Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture shows good validity and good reliability and has the potential to be used to evaluate patient safety culture in dental hospitals in Indonesia.

Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire (HSOPSC) in neonatal intensive care units: a methodological study

BackgroundA valid and reliable tool compatible with the culture is needed to evaluate the safety culture as one of the vital and promotional components in improving the quality of safety and health care. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the “Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC)” in physicians and nurses working in Neonatal Intensive Care Units.MethodsIn this methodological research, the qualitative face, content validity, and construct validity were performed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis to the psychometric evaluation of the HSOPSC questionnaire. Based on convenience sampling and the inclusion criteria, 360 individuals completed the questionnaire. Internal consistency and stability were measured. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 and LISREL.ResultsIn examining the construct validity, fit indices were not appropriate for the 12-dimension model of the Persian version. According to T-value, six heterogeneous items and a dimension were omitted. The 11-dimension model with 36 items showed an appropriate fit with the data. Cronbach’s alpha was evaluated at 0.79, and the stability was 0.82 (p˂0.001).ConclusionThe Persian version of HSOPSC with 11 dimensions and 36 items has favorable validity and reliability and can be used in NICUs.

Investigating the relationship between patient safety culture and self-efficacy of operating room: A cross-sectional study on 228 perioperative nurses in Iran

BackgroundHospitals should implement structural changes as well as a culture of patient safety among their staff in order to increase the quality and safety of healthcare. One of the traits that can have an impact on mental health and the provision of high-quality services and care for these people is self-efficacy. The goal of the current study was to link operating room nurses' self-efficacy to the culture of patient safety. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was done in 2022 on a group of 228 operating room nurses who were employed by hospitals in the province of East Azerbaijan. In this research, 228 operating room nurses were included in the study by random sampling method. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, patient safety culture questionnaire and general self-efficacy questionnaire Sherer. Software SPSS version 27 was used to examine the data that had been gathered. P value less than 0.05 is regarded as significant. ResultsThe results of data analysis showed that the average score of patient safety culture in operating room nurses is 131.2 ± 14.5, which is in the middle level. Also, the average self-efficacy score is 51.7 ± 5.5, which is in the middle level. The self-efficacy of operating room nurses and patient safety culture are directly and significantly correlated (P<0.001). Therefore, increasing the self-efficacy of operating room nurses leads to the promotion of patient safety culture. ConclusionBased on the results of the study, the more self-efficacy operating room nurses have, the higher the level of patient safety culture will be. Considering the critical responsibility of operating room nurses in providing safe and quality services to patients, people with higher self-efficacy provide better safe services and patients in hospitals with a more positive safety culture experience fewer injuries.

The relationship between patient safety culture and adverse events in Iranian hospitals: a survey among 360 nurses

BackgroundAdverse events have become a global problem and are an important indicator of patient safety. Patient safety culture is essential in efforts to reduce adverse events in the hospital. This study aimed to investigate the status of the patient safety culture, the frequency of adverse events, and the relationship between them in Qazvin's hospitals in Iran.MethodsThe present study is a descriptive-analytical study conducted in six hospitals in Qazvin, Iran, in 2020. The study population was nurses working in Qazvin hospitals. We collected data via a patient safety culture questionnaire and an adverse event checklist. Three hundred sixty nurses completed questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between variables.ResultsThe highest mean of patient safety culture was related to the organizational learning dimension (3.5, SD = .074) and feedback and communication about errors (3.4, SD = 0.82). The participants gave the lowest score to dimensions of exchanges and transfer of information (2.45,=0.86) and management support for patient safety (2.62,Sd = 0.65). Management's support for patient safety, general understanding of patient safety culture, teamwork within organizational units, communication and feedback on errors, staff issues, and information exchange and transfer were significant predictors of adverse events.ConclusionThis study confirms patient safety culture as a predictor of adverse events. Healthcare managers should provide the basis for improving the patient safety culture and reducing adverse events through methods such as encouraging the reporting of adverse events and also holding training courses for nurses.

Perception of the safety culture in a critical area

IntroductionCritical care Area (CCA) is one of the most complex in the hospital system, requiring a high number of interventions and handling of amounts of information. Therefore, these areas are likely to experience more incidents that compromise patient safety (PS). AimTo determine the perception of the healthcare team in a critical care area about the patient safety culture. MethodCross-sectional descriptive study, September 2021, in a polyvalent CCA with 45 beds, 118 health workers (physicians, nurses, auxiliary nursing care technicians). Sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the person in charge in PS and their general training in PS and incident notification system were collected. The validated Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire, measuring 12 dimensions was used.Positive responses with an average score ≥75%, were defined as an area of strength while ≥50% negative responses were defined as an area of weakness.Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis: X2 and t-Student tests, and ANOVA. Significance p ≤ 0.05. Results94 questionnaires were collected (79.7% sample). The PS score was 7.1 (1.2) range 1−10. The rotational staff scored the PS with 6.9 (1.2) compared to 7.8 (0.9) for non-rotational staff (p = 0.04). A 54.3% (n = 51) was familiar with the incident reporting procedure, 53% (n = 27) of which had not reported any in the last year. No dimension was defined as strength. There were three dimensions that behaved like a weakness: security perception: 57.7% (95% CI: 52.7−62.6), staffing: 81.7% (95% CI: 77.4−85.2) and management support: 69 .9% (95% CI: 64.3−74.9). ConclusionsThe assessment of PS in the CCA is moderately high, although the rotational staff has a lower appreciation. Half of the staff do not know the procedure for reporting an incident. The notification rate is low. The weaknesses detected are perception of security, staffing and management support. The analysis of the patient safety culture can be useful to implement improvement measures.

Nurses' perceptions of patient safety culture: a local phenomenon?

Background/Aims Patient safety culture is the product of values, beliefs, attitudes, perceptions, competencies and individual and collective behaviour patterns. Nurses often have the most contact with patients, so their perceptions of patient safety are crucial. This study aimed to assess perceptions of patient safety culture among nurses at a hospital in Spain. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using an adapted version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire. All 244 nurses working in a hospital in Spain took part. Respondents reported their perceptions of patient safety culture in their department in 12 domains using a 5-point Likert scale, with additional questions measuring overall perceptions of patient safety culture, personal and professional characteristics, and the proportion of respondents who had reported a patient safety incident in the previous year. Univariate and bivariate data analysis was performed using Jamovi software to identify relationships between variables. Results None of the 12 domains had a positive response rate (over 75%), indicating a generally weak patient safety culture. Perceptions of patient safety culture varied between departments, and were also affected by respondents' professional characteristics, such as their years of experience and whether they held a managerial role. Conclusions Further research and intervention is needed to improve patient safety cultures. It may be useful to assess patient safety culture and tailor strategies for improvement according to the specific needs of individual departments.

Patient Safety Culture Perception among Moroccan Healthcare professionals: Cross-Sectional Study in Public Hospitals.

There is a growing recognition of the need to establish a culture that focuses on patient safety in order to reduce the number of adverse events associated with care and improve health-care quality in Morocco. The aim of this research is to analyze results of the perception of health professionals working in two university hospitals concerning the concept of patient safety culture in Morocco. This study evaluated the healthcare professional's perceptions of patient safety culture in two selected university hospitals centers in Morocco by using the validated French version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire (HSOPSC). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2021. We randomly selected 10 health units of each hospital, to include up to 10 health professionals from each unit, regardless of length of experience. This self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a population of 204 Moroccan healthcare professionals who consisted predominately of available physicians and nurses across ten different health units. The overall grade of patient safety was deemed "good" for 52 % of the staff, "very good" for 17%, against "failing" for 2%. Out of the 10 dimensions explored. The "Teamwork within units" dimension had the highest score with 80%. The dimensions with the lowest positive response rates were "Staffing (23%)", "non-punitive response to error" (31%) and "Teamwork across units' (47%). Seven dimensions were considered underdeveloped and three were undeveloped. This work provides a better understanding of healthcare professional perception towards patient safety.

Evaluation of patient safety culture as perceived by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Objectives: A good patient safety culture (PSC) is linked to a reduced risk of patient problems and minimal undesirable occurrences. This study investigated the PSC levels from nurses’ perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was applied. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire was administered to 315 nurses working at 2 major hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a t-test, and a one-way ANOVA test. The statistical significance of the correlation was determined at the 0.05 level. Results: PSC was rated as medium overall according to the nurses, with a weighted mean of 2.88–0.76 and a relative weight of 57.57%. In addition, all PSC composites were rated from medium to high, except organizational learning, which was rated low. The correlation between sociodemographic variables as well as PSC levels was investigated using the t-test and one-way ANOVA test. The association is statistically significant when P ≤ 0.05. The findings revealed a statistically significant correlation between nurse nationality (t = −4.399, P = 0.000), age (F = 7.917, P = 0.000), experience in years (F = 3.760, P = 0.024), and hospital (t = −0.401, P = 0.689). Conclusions: The nurses in this study had a medium overall PSC level, and all PSC composites ranged from a medium to a high level, except organizational learning, which had a low level. In addition, the findings showed that there is a significant relationship between PSC levels, nurses’ nationalities, experience in years, and the hospital itself.

Level of Patient Safety Culture Awareness Among Healthcare Workers.

Patient safety is a major concern at all levels of the healthcare system, with the primary objective of reducing patient hazards when providing care. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has made great progress in improving the health of its citizens over the last few decades, particularly in terms of patient safety. Currently, many health-care institutions throughout the world are interested in implementing a safety culture to lower the risk of harm and the number of accidents associated with routine treatment. This study aims to assess the level of awareness concerning patient safety culture among health-care providers in hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This is a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study that used the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's patient safety culture questionnaire. The survey was conducted online and was completed by 204 health-care employees from three distinct hospital settings in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: government, quasi-government, and private hospitals. The results showed a low level of patient safety culture awareness among health-care workers in the 10 dimensions of patient safety. The mean score was 2.24 out of 5 and the standard deviation was 0.50. Participants assigned the highest mean scores to Organisational Learning and Continuous Improvement (Mean: 2.48, Standard deviation: 0.66), Communication About Error (Mean: 2.44, Standard deviation: 0.70), and Teamwork (Mean: 2.40, Standard deviation: 0.64). Interestingly, the scores for hospital supervisor and managerial positions are significant compared to other clinical positions (p-value = 0.047). Moreover, the patient safety rating and the number of reported events were significantly related to the overall level of awareness (p-value <0.001), (p-value = 0.042), respectively. In Riyadh hospitals, overall patient safety awareness is low, necessitating adequate attention and effective solutions such as encouraging reporting errors, implementing safety huddles and leadership walkarounds, and establishing a patient safety culture. Health-care executives and managers are encouraged to develop safety cultures that promote trust and justice, allowing employees to be candid about their mistakes and failings without retaliation. Moreover, this safety culture should be defined by the following qualities: a just culture, a learning culture, and a reporting culture.

Healthcare Managers' Perception on Patient Safety Culture.

This paper takes a detailed look at safety culture, different roles, and powers shared by managers, lessons from which can be applied in any form of management. It also focuses on the job of managers in enhancing safety standards in a health institution. The objective of this paper was to examine the managers' perception of patient safety culture. This study followed a quantitative cross-sectional design. The research procedure involved all middle-level managers in Aseer Central Hospital in Abha, Saudi Arabia (N = 52). To assess the status of patient safety culture and the role of healthcare managers in the field study, the researchers constructed a study questionnaire; it included questions adapted and modified from the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire, the 10 Mintzberg managerial roles and the six types of power for healthcare managers. Most participants were Saudi nationals (73.1%) aged 31 to 40 years (44.2%). The managerial role practiced frequently was leadership (85%), but the least managerial role was the figurehead (23%). Mangers held positive attitudes toward patient safety culture with 100% positive replies. No significant association was found between sex, nationality, years of experience, and professions concerning patient safety. Additionally, the results indicated that most managers were willing to uphold a safe environment for their patients and ready to involve employees in decision-making strategies to motivate them. The managerial choices in Aseer Central Hospital are based on the culture and tradition of the community, which might negatively undermine the capability of other individuals handling the same office based on their educational backgrounds and competency. Such situations also may demoralize the employees, leading to poor employee performance Suboptimal achievement was exhibited primarily by middle-level healthcare managers of all six power types: resource allocator, negotiator, liaison, spokesperson, figurehead, and entrepreneur. Therefore, there is a pressing need to improve managers' attitudes toward patient safety and activate managerial roles to ensure patients' safety is practiced unequivocally.

Percepción de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en un área de críticos

IntroductionCritical Care Area (CCA) is one of the most complex in the hospital system, requiring a high number of interventions and handling of amounts of information. Therefore, these areas are likely to experience more incidents that compromise patient safety (PS). AimTo determine the perception of the healthcare team in a critical care area about the patient safety culture. MethodCross-sectional descriptive study, September 2021, in a polyvalent CCA with 45 beds, 118 health workers (physicians, nurses, auxiliary nursing care technicians). Sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the person in charge in PS and their general training in PS and incident notification system were collected. The validated Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire, measuring 12 dimensions was used. Positive responses with an average score ≥75%, were defined as an area of strength while ≥50% negative responses were defined as an area of weakness. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis: χ2 and t-Student tests, and ANOVA. Significance p ≤ 0.05. Results94 questionnaires were collected (79.7% sample). The PS score was 7.1 (1.2) range 1-10. The rotational staff scored the PS with 6.9 (1.2) compared to 7.8 (0.9) for non-rotational staff (p = 0.04). A 54.3% (n = 51) was familiar with the incident reporting procedure, 53% (n = 27) of which had not reported any in the last year. No dimension was defined as strength.There were three dimensions that behaved like a weakness: security perception: 57.7% (95% CI: 52.7-62.6), staffing: 81.7% (95% CI: 77.4-85.2) and management support: 69 .9% (95% CI: 64.3-74.9). ConclusionsThe assessment of PS in the CCA is moderately high, although the rotational staff has a lower appreciation. Half of the staff do not know the procedure for reporting an incident. The notification rate is low. The weaknesses detected are perception of security, staffing and management support. The analysis of the patient safety culture can be useful to implement improvement measures.