Path Of People Research Articles

Access Game

Abstract This activity will last 40 minutes. The Access game and easy to play and aims to discuss and trigger reflections about the path of people with mental care needs seeking access and integrality of care in health system. Histories of three characters who represent people seeking access to mental health care in Primary health care (PHC) will be presented. The board game will be set up on the floor, allowing participants to walk around the board, which will represent the path do access PHC. During the game, participants will find figures that illustrate and trigger discussions about the barriers of access to mental health care, as well as PHC's strengths and strategies to overcome these barriers and guarantee integrality of care. Figures that illustrate PHC strengths and strategies (ex: community health worker, collaborative care, and intersectionality) make the player move forward, while those that represent characters’ access barriers to the service [eg: stigma, low professionals’ skills and supply-based management (and not on the population needs)] make the player return some squares. Also, players will be invited to share examples of their professional experiences, pointing out what barriers were identified and strategies that contributed to overcome it. By sharing their experiences, participants will advance a few more spaces. Game's components are: 1 board, 1 dice, 3 characters that represent people who use the health service, and cards with illustrations and explanatory texts. The winner will be the one with the character that manages to overcome the barriers and improve access based on the strengths PHC elements, arriving first at the end of the journey, which is represented by access to integrality of care. Participants will have the opportunity to recognize which strategies contribute to overcome mental health care access barriers. Thus, even if there is only a winner, everyone wins, taking the knowledge acquired in the discussions to their professional practices.

Introduction to the Forum: Revisiting Torsten Hägerstrand's Diorama, Path and Project

AbstractIn this TESG Forum, we revisit Torsten Hägerstrand's 1982 Diorama, Path and Project, a paper that significantly expanded Hägerstrand's time‐geographical conceptual vocabulary in the international geographical literature. The paper was the crystallization of a process where Hägerstrand tried to bridge regional science ideas with humanistic ones. The ‘diorama’ was introduced to discuss how imaginations emerge from the togetherness of objects and memories in localized space and initially formulated to help geography overcome the disciplinary fragmentation and paradigmatic rows that had splintered geography in the 1970s. ‘Path’ is Hägerstrand's well‐known concept describing people's spatial pattern of activities. Finally, the concept of ‘project’ tried to capture a broader conception of agency that was able to accommodate people's paths as the result of goal‐intended and value‐inspired actions. In this introductory essay, we contextualize the paper in the development of Hägerstrand's work and introduce the separate contributions to the Forum.

Metaverse: Deconstruction and Differentiation of Identity Under the New Media Environment

The meta-universe is a new media scene based on VR and other technologies. Whether it will cause greater estrangement between people or even social disintegration or high-latitude healing in the future, the key lies in understanding the inner path of people's spiritual communication. From the perspective of the critical school, based on identity, this paper systematically analyzes and demonstrates the performance, causes, and risks of the deconstruction of identity by new media scenarios through a questionnaire survey on the correlation between virtual identity and real identity and adopts the interview method, to explore the social management of the metauniverse under the perspective of identity. By revealing the interaction between the virtual symbolic identity and the real identity, the paper seeks the value compliance of shaping a positive international image of the world with the help of the meta-universe. The research finds that: the hyperreal experience allows users to create and identify with a new self, the role deviation brought by the utopian world affects identity, the privacy leakage in the real world depends on the degree of identity, and the metauniverse challenges the national discourse system.

Study on emergency evacuation in underground urban complexes.

With progressive urbanization and the development and utilization of urban underground space, underground urban complexes (UUCs) have been increasingly used. UUCs have brought much convenience to people's lives. However, due to their enclosed nature and complexity, it has been an urgent issue to avoid (or reduce) casualties and allow rapid and safe evacuation of people during an emergency. In this study, the evacuation simulation software Pathfinder was used. Based on the steering model, the variation of the total evacuation time and pedestrian flow at main exits with different simulated evacuation measures, congestion at key nodes and people's path selection were compared and analyzed. Then, the critical locations in the spatial layout of UUCs that were prone to evacuation bottleneck effects were focused on and determined. The evacuation effectiveness of UUCs in an emergency was studied to investigate the problems of emergency evacuation in UUCs. It is found that in UUCs, the bottleneck effects were likely to occur at stairway entrances and exits as well as supermarket checkout counters and caused severe congestion. These locations should be focused on during emergency evacuation. For key locations prone to evacuation bottlenecks, increasing the width of exits or setting up auxiliary evacuation channels could be an effective measure to improve evacuation efficiency. In addition, formulating rational evacuation rules can be a favorable measure for emergency evacuation. However, during the evacuation, the herd mentality in people has an uncertain (positive or negative) impact on evacuation effectiveness. Setting up diversion walls may improve evacuation efficiency and reduce congestion to a certain extent, while evacuation confusion and chaos are prone to occur after diversion. These findings in this study have significant implications for improving the emergency management of UUCs.

Melacak Dakwah Keilmuan Ulama Nusantara: Geliat Pergerakan KH. Hasyim Asy'ari

The da'wah movement in Nusantara inseparable from the scientific stretching of the scholars in bringing Islamic teachings to Nusantara. The teachings of da'wah brought by the scholars are packaged in various ways according to their respective patterns and tendencies. In Java KH. Hasyim Asyari brought preaching treatises with various things, including those related to the teachings of jihad fi sabilillah (jihad resolution), because of the conditions at that time, Indonesia was under Dutch colonial rule, in another context the scientific teachings brought by KH. Asyari is inseparable from his madhzab background as a Sunni, so he brings religious teachings with tawassut (the middle way). In da'wah in the field of education, KH. Hasyim Asy'ari tends to remind the importance of adab and morals as a path for people. In other fields, he also used his scientific credibility to invite Muslims in Indonesia to return to the right path, as was his effort in compiling collections of hadith books as guidelines for the Indonesian Muslim community at that time.

2019冠狀病毒病疫情下的疫苗猶疑與強制疫苗接種：初步的道德評估

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
 疫苗猶豫，亦即延遲甚至拒絕接受疫苗接種，不只是人們對科學有多少了解的問題，亦混雜着不同信念和對權威的不信任。另一方面，有支持強制接種疫苗人士認為，因為疫苗是相對安全的方法令得社會達至群體免疫；權衡輕重之下，強制接種是道德上可以容許的做法。社會能否要求民眾強制接種新冠疫苗，抑或是疫苗猶豫有其合理性，應予尊重，是一個值得我們探討的道德課題。
 本文會用以下的方式探究此項課題。歷來有不少學者提出各類支持強制接種麻疹疫苗的理由。另一方面，我們亦必須考慮各類支持疫苗猶疑的理由。正反的道德論證，皆涉及不能約化，但是在不同情境需要比較和排序的價值。我們會論證應以阿馬蒂亞•森(Amartya Sen)提出的後果評價作為道德推論和基礎去評估這些多元價值。在後果評價的基礎上，才可以比較接種新冠疫苗與麻疹疫苗在道德上的異同，並由此建立一套框架去評估強制疫苗接種的道德議題。
 Vaccine hesitancy, a delay in acceptance or even refusal of vaccination, is a problem not only linked to public knowledge of science but also caused by complex beliefs and a lack of confidence in authority. People who support coercive vaccination argue that vaccination is a comparatively safe path for people in a community to reach herd immunity. Weighing the benefits and costs, coercive vaccination is morally permissible. However, whether we should enact it for Covid-19 vaccines or respect people who have vaccine hesitancy is a moral issue worthy of detailed investigation. Similar debates have also been around coercive use of the measles vaccine, which will serve as a point of comparison in this evaluation.
 There are different kinds of arguments for and against policies of coercive vaccination, but whether positive or negative, they involve values that are incommensurable but should be compared and ranked accordingly in different situations. We argue that consequential evaluation, as suggested by Amartya Sen, forms the moral reasoning and foundation to evaluate these plural values. Using consequential evaluation, we can compare the moral similarities and differences between Covid-19 vaccines and measles vaccines and develop a framework to evaluate the moral issue of coercive vaccination.

Numerical Simulation of the Evacuation Process and Smoke Propagation Due to a Fire in a Road Tunnel With Transverse Ventilation System

Abstract Fire accidents in road tunnels can form a great danger in the life of people if the evacuation process does not happen effectively. This paper introduces a numerical investigation of fire and evacuation analysis in a road tunnel and provides important insights into the conditions that people are exposed to during evacuation. The fire was assumed to originate from a bus with a fire size of 30 MW at the moment corresponding to the peak heat release rate. Results including smoke distribution, visibility distribution, paths of people during evacuation, people existence density, and people speed are presented and analyzed. One of the important findings of this paper is the estimation of the time available for people to evacuate safely before the approach of the smoke layer to the occupation zone causing deterioration of the visibility values. The discussion introduced a clarification of the connection between the time of exposure to smoke, people speed, and smoke propagation speed. Results showed that the time of exposure to smoke during evacuation can be significantly increased if the fire size is increased especially for persons located within 15 m from the fire location and take more than 2 min to take the decision of evacuation.

RETRACTED: Psychosocial pathways of collective action participation in NIMBY conflict: A regulated double mediation model

Frequent NIMBY conflicts have seriously affected social stability and urban development. This paper aims to explore the psychosocial path of people participating in the collective action of NIMBY conflict, and to provide theoretical basis for effective governance of NIMBY conflict. By integrating the psychosocial explanatory variables related to collective action, we construct a regulated double mediation Model, which is empirically tested with 566 questionnaires from the NIMBY conflict in gaoling, China. The results show that: group relative deprivation, group emotions and group effectiveness have positive effects on people's NIMBY conflict participation tendency; group effectiveness and group emotions are important mediating variables of group relative deprivation affecting people's NIMBY conflict participation tendency; group identity has a positive adjustment effect on people's group emotions, group effectiveness, and the participation tendency of NIMBY conflict. The research indicates that group relative deprivation is the key precursor of NIMBY conflict, group emotion is the key factor driving the deterioration of NIMBY conflict, and group identity is the key factor catalyzing the occurrence of NIMBY conflict. This study helps to explain the psychological mechanism of people's participation in NIMBY conflict, and has certain implications for the prevention and governance of NIMBY conflict.

Path taken by morbidly obese people in search of bariatric surgery in the public health system.

Objective:to understand the path taken in the public health system by people with morbid obesity in the search for bariatric surgery.Method:qualitative research based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz, with 17 hospitalized morbidly obese people, with a scheduled date for bariatric surgery. The phenomenological interview with open questions was used and the statements were analyzed in the light of the theoretical-methodological framework and literature related to the theme.Results:the participants were able to schedule bariatric surgery by referring friends, family and public people. The waiting list for the procedure generated anguish and anxiety due to fear of surgery, weight gain, risk of worsening health and physical limitations, but it helped prepare for its performance. The experience lived in the search for bariatric surgery led these people to want continuity of care in the Basic Health Unit, after the surgery, by professionals trained to meet their needs.Conclusion:the aspects inscribed in the path of people in search of bariatric surgery signal the need to strengthen the assistance-related flows of the public health system and to invest in professional training to reduce the social inequalities in access to bariatric surgery and increased quality of services.

Thinkers of the east about a comprehensively developed personality

The article analyzes the philosophical views of prominent thinkers Alisher Navoi, Abdurahman Jami, Aziziddin Nasafi, Sufi Olloyor and others. In the article are given examples and statements of poets. A perfect person is the embodiment of all the good qualities that the human race dreamed of, as if it were a holy being, a social and moral ideal that mediates between the divine and humanity. The idea that people worship is an ideal person, the main idea of the path of people to spiritual perfection. Once from Abdullah ibn Mubarak people asked question: “Who are the ideal people?” and he answered “Scientists”3. Gazzoli agreed with this and explained that Ibn Mubarak said nothing besides scientists. It is worth noting that there is no one in the world who speaks Turkic or Persian, who does not know Navoi, does not like Navoi, does not look at Navoi with devotion and faith. If we call this great man saint, he is a saint of saints, a thinker, he is a thinker of thinkers, a poet, he is a sultan of poets. In all his works, Navoi expressed the ideas of humanism and the well-being of the people, expressed his views on education and upbringing. These ideas serve the upbringing of a harmoniously developed generation, and unique ideas voiced by a great thinker play a special role in the history of our pedagogy. Reforms are continuing in our country in order to comprehensively study and promote the scientific and spiritual heritage of great thinkers, to educate the younger generation in the spirit of the good traditions of our ancestors. According to the thinker, one who is guided by good and will do good will be happy. Such people are generous. “Generosity is a fertile tree in the garden of people, even the sweet fruit of this tree can be, it is a river wave of humanity, but at the same time there can be an original pearl of the river.

Factors Influencing the Adoption of Online Health Consultation Services: The Role of Subjective Norm, Trust, Perceived Benefit, and Offline Habit.

The cyberspace plays an important role in improving the quality, equity, and efficiency of health services. Studying people's adoption of online health services, such as online health consultation services (OHCS) can benefit both industry and policy in the health service sector. This paper investigates influencing factors and paths of people's intention of adopting OHCS by employing the extended valence framework, with our new contribution of integrating subjective norm and offline habit into the model. Five hundred forty-three university students participated in the survey. Structural equation models and Sobel-Goodman tests were applied to test the models. The results show that subjective norm (β = 0.077, p = 0.041), trust in providers (β = 0.194, p = 0.002) and perceived benefit (β = 0.463, p < 0.001) positively affect the intention to adopt OHCS, while offline habit (β = −0.111, p = 0.026) has a negative effect. However, the association of perceived risk (β = −0.062, p = 0.315) and adoption is not supported. Moreover, trust in providers plays a mediating role between subjective norm and the intention of adopting, while perceived benefit mediates the relationship between trust in providers and the intention of adopting. This study highlights the importance of trust, subjective norm, perceived benefit, and persisting habits in promoting the adoption of OHCS.

Social Isolation: Primrose Path for People With Persistent Pain?

Social Isolation: Primrose Path for People With Persistent Pain?

Trajeto de pessoas com deficiência à unidade de saúde da família

Objetivo: conhecer o trajeto de pessoas com deficiência à unidade de saúde da família. Método: trata-se de estudo observacional, descritivo e qualitativo. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período entre novembro de 2015 e março de 2016, no maior bairro da periferia de um município da região médio norte de Mato Grosso, mediante roteiro de observação, fotografias, fita métrica e diário de campo. As imagens foram interpretadas pela análise iconográfica. Resultados: o descuido e o desrespeito com as questões ética e ambiental de outros moradores ficaram evidentes no estudo, colaborando ou intensificando barreiras urbanísticas para inacessibilidades das pessoas com deficiência. Dentre as barreiras encontradas, predominou descontinuidade e empecilhos em calçadas. Conclusão: como forma de eliminar essas barreiras e promover maior inclusão social, fazem-se necessárias medidas de conscientização da população, práticas informativas sobre seus direitos e acolhimento integral, principalmente conduzidos por profissionais de saúde, além do olhar sensível dos órgãos gestores.

Real Men Get the Best Bar Girls: Performing Masculinities in China’s Global Sex Industry

ABSTRACTThe shifting power relations in China after the global financial crisis are redefining masculinity for both Western and Asian men. Connell (1995) argues that in most societies a hegemonic masculinity usually exists that privileges heterosexual middle-class and economically successful men who exhibit characteristics associated with being masculine. The global financial crisis has led to a new global financial order that has created paths for people to reimagine hierarchies of class, gender, nation, race, and sexuality. “Entangled masculinities” recognizes that the intersections of class, gender, nation, race, and sexuality shape identities of male clients who buy commercial sex. The article looks specifically at clients from three niche commercial sex markets (low, mid, and high tier) in Dongguan, China. Specifically, five patterns of behavior exhibited by male clients to rationalize and assert their masculinity will be analyzed in depth: vigorous and macho; austere and essentialist; suppressive and anxious; extravagant and competitive; and refined and collaborative. This article argues clients with vigorous and macho, austere and essentialist, and suppressive and anxious behavior types are frequently found in low-end and mid-tier bars. Patrons of higher-tier bars tended to engage in extravagant and competitive and refined and collaborative behavior through expressions of wealth and power.

Brain connectivity changes occurring following cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis predict long-term recovery

Little is known about the psychobiological mechanisms of cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp) and which specific processes are key in predicting favourable long-term outcomes. Following theoretical models of psychosis, this proof-of-concept study investigated whether the long-term recovery path of CBTp completers can be predicted by the neural changes in threat-based social affective processing that occur during CBTp. We followed up 22 participants who had undergone a social affective processing task during functional magnetic resonance imaging along with self-report and clinician-administered symptom measures, before and after receiving CBTp. Monthly ratings of psychotic and affective symptoms were obtained retrospectively across 8 years since receiving CBTp, plus self-reported recovery at final follow-up. We investigated whether these long-term outcomes were predicted by CBTp-led changes in functional connections with dorsal prefrontal cortical and amygdala during the processing of threatening and prosocial facial affect. Although long-term psychotic symptoms were predicted by changes in prefrontal connections during prosocial facial affective processing, long-term affective symptoms were predicted by threat-related amygdalo-inferior parietal lobule connectivity. Greater increases in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity with amygdala following CBTp also predicted higher subjective ratings of recovery at long-term follow-up. These findings show that reorganisation occurring at the neural level following psychological therapy can predict the subsequent recovery path of people with psychosis across 8 years. This novel methodology shows promise for further studies with larger sample size, which are needed to better examine the sensitivity of psychobiological processes, in comparison to existing clinical measures, in predicting long-term outcomes.

From the hospital towards social reintegration: the support path for people with severe acquired brain injury and their families

ABSTRACTSevere acquired brain injury (sABI) includes a variety of acute brain injuries, both with or without traumatic etiology, characterized by a state of coma of variable duration and by the presence of motor, sensory, cognitive and/or behavioral impairments. It refers to a set of conditions of different origins resulting in outcomes that are often disabling. In facing a new health condition that brings about profound changes, the person and their family suffer enormous stress not only from the drama of the illness and the uncertainty of the future, but also from financial and organizational difficulties. In the present essay, the focus is on issues related to people with sABI and their families. In particular, we address the methodology and the development phases of an action research carried out in the Marche Region of Italy. In this research, social workers supported sABI people and their families for six months from the date of discharge from hospital, in order to identify responses suitable for the complexity of their needs. We will also present the outcomes of the interventions, identifying a support path, which stimulates social workers to reconsider some of the ways in which they work.

Occupational activation centers as a solution to improve vocational rehabilitation of patients with intellectual disabilities in Poland

IntroductionSince the 1990's the main form of vocational rehabilitation centers in Poland were occupational therapy workshops (OTW), but the low ratio of the employment of the participants of OTW‘s led to the creation of newer, more effective institutions called Occupational Activation Centers (OAC). They were expected to be professional activity establishments, aimed at launching new career paths of people with intellectual disabilities, enabling the candidates to pass through various stages of rehabilitation and vocational activation.Materials and methodsThe analysis of available statistical data concerning the activity of OAC‘s in Poland was done.ResultsIn the whole country the number of these facilities is 53, while the number of occupational therapy workshops is 665. The Law on OAC‘s restricts the employment of people with moderate disability in total employment to 35%, this indicator covering not only the persons with mental retardation, but also people with autism and mental illness. In addition the OAC‘s activity generates the cost of creating them inadequate for the quantity and quality of jobs being created.ConclusionIt turned out that the creation of OAC‘s occurred too slowly in relation to the already operating OTW‘s and the weaknesses in the Polish system of rehabilitation and employment of people with intellectual disabilities necessitates the need to find innovative ways to solve this problem.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A Mechanism Filling Sensing Holes for Detecting the Boundary of Continuous Objects in Hybrid Sparse Wireless Sensor Networks

Nowadays, the rapidly developed Internet of Things requires the ability handling information efficiently to deal with the intelligent applications. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which act as an important interface between physical environment and Internet of Things, have been applied in numerous applications. As a kind of important application of WSNs, the continuous objects boundary detection is popular in industry. However, the long-term maintenance for the traditional WSNs, which are used to monitor the leakage of continuous objects, is expensive. Thus, we use sparse WSNs to address this issue. But, the inaccuracy of the sparse network is a big problem while the information of continuous objects is used to arrange retreat path for people. To access this problem, we propose our mechanism, which used hybrid network to compromise the accuracy and cost of maintenance. The sensing holes will be detected by using Voronoi diagram, before the network starts to work. After the static sensor nodes get the value of the toxic air, the mechanism can calculate the high variation location, which give weights to the sensing holes, in the static sensor networks. Thus, the sensing holes, which selected by both spatial and data variation factors will be list in a target nodes list for the mobile sensor node. Finally, the optimal path considering both distance and priority for the mobile sensor will be plan out. Experimental evaluation shows that there is an optimal amount of the static nodes decided by the sensing radius and the size of area. And it reduces the energy consumption by the static networks.

Communing with the Past

I Spent Muggy Chicago Summers Indoors, Tapping at my Keyboard, Churning Out Pages of My Book Manuscript, Following the paths of people's lives, obsessing over the right turn of phrase. When I grew lonely (which I always inevitably did), I'd head out to the Starbucks on Wilson and Magnolia, comforting myself with the sounds of people around me. I wrote better late at night, when night had descended and lulled everyone to sleep. I felt then a great sense of relief, tranquility, buoyed by nothing else but the swirl of ideas, because everyone around me in my world had settled down for the night. It was then that I was not distracted by the world of the living. Summer in Chicago, after all, was an exuberantly social season. The city exploded with life; throngs of runners would peel their shirts off in the humid heat as they sprinted along Lakefront Trail. But for me, invitations to barbecues, beach parties, and weekend getaways to Saugatuck were left unanswered: I had my book to write.

Soft Computation Technique based Fire Evacuation System

Occurrence of fire is an unpredictable activity needing very high attention. Early response for fire may lead to less damage of life and property. In this paper a work is proposed for evacuating the people to a safe point once fire accident occurs. The objective of the proposed work is to process the data acquired from smoke and temperature sensor to indicate the direction for movement of people. Computational technique is used to collect data from sensors and display safest path for people to evacuate from the building. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is trained using particle swarm optimization to produce evacuation information. To test working of proposed technique it is subjected to several test cases, results obtained proves successful implementation of proposed work.