Path Exploration Research Articles

Enhancing end-of-life product recyclability through modular design and social engineering optimiser

Amidst the thriving landscape of manufacturing, the vision of sustainability in Industry 5.0 is becoming increasingly significant. The implementation of recycling represents a crucial step in the pursuit of sustainability, particularly in light of the mounting challenge posed by the proliferation of end-of-life (EOL) products. Addressing this challenge, we propose a novel Design for Modular Recyclability (DFMR) approach aimed at facilitating the recycling of EOL products. Our study develops a multi-objective optimisation model with a focus on maximising green recyclability and independence while minimising aggregation. We introduce an innovative Social Engineering Optimiser (SEO) to simulate behavioural patterns in complex environments, aiding in identifying and implementing effective strategies for optimal or near-optimal results in diverse scenarios. The practical effectiveness of the proposed models and algorithms is demonstrated by applying them to a real-life case study in an internal combustion engine, followed by performance comparisons with existing well-established multi-objective optimisation algorithms. The findings of our study demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed DFMR model, offering a novel approach for decision-makers to undertake EOL product recovery. This contributes to the further exploration of complex and promising paths towards sustainable manufacturing and green production that are more in line with Industry 5.0.

Research on the Exploration Path of Innovative Education Management in Higher Education

Research on the Exploration Path of Innovative Education Management in Higher Education

User Preference Maps: Quantifying the Built Environment

The built environment in which we live holds the potential to provide life experiences that allow pedestrians to observe, feel, learn, and grow through their surroundings in everyday urban spaces. If a city offers opportunities for careful observation and exploration according to users’ preferences, it will become more appealing to many people. This study selected Midtown, New York, as the research site and collected a total of seven datasets based on 30 intersections in the area. The data, categorized into three main areas—activity, comfort, and natural elements—were evaluated, visualized, and restructured using a path exploration algorithm to produce a final user-based map. For this, 3D modeling software Rhino version 7, visual programming tool Grasshopper, and Grasshopper verion 2023 plugin programs were used. The final result included 3D route information, quantitative measurement data, and multidimensional visual materials. This approach presents an alternative to traditional route navigation based on uniform criteria and, through data-driven design, is believed to ultimately enhance walkability, activate urban spaces, and contribute to the development of sustainable cities. The scope of related research can further expand as the targets, duration, and methods of data collection continue to evolve and as case studies in various cities increase.

Passive House Design: A Possible Energy Efficient Option in the Building Sector of Nepal

The diversified geography of Nepal creates huge variations in the country's climatic zones; however, the building industry has so far used standardized methods that tend to neglect local climate conditions. Most of these standards then rely on energy-intensive mechanical systems to maintain indoor thermal comfort, without considering more viable and climate-responsive design methods. In this light, the development of a climate classification related to building design will help develop and encourage energy- and climate-effective building architecture in Nepal. The existing energy-saving practice in the building sector of the country is reviewed in this paper, and it outlines ways to improve the adaptation of energy-efficient methodology. It shows that passive houses are performing much better in comparison with modern constructions that are behind in terms of energy efficiency when compared with traditional homes. The study outlines the climate-specific design criteria and methodologies for various regions and sets the path for exploration of the passive house design process challenges and opportunities that might exist for wider diffusion. Also discussed are strategies to overcome the barriers and promote passive house construction, offering a pathway toward sustainable building practices in Nepal.

Formal Integration of Decorative Elements in the Creation of Figurative Sculpture

Figurative sculpture and decorative elements belong to the same category of art; the development of sculpture art requires innovation and constant exploration of new development paths, while many characteristics of decorative elements can give the creation of sculpture works a variety of inspiration. This paper explores the significance of figurative sculpture and decorative elements, examining their intrinsic connections and historical practices. The study aims to uncover the potential of figurative sculpture in the creation of decorative elements, highlighting how the integration of these forms can contribute to the development of art and the creation of meaningful figurative sculptures.

A novel autonomous exploration algorithm via LiDAR/IMU SLAM and hierarchical subsystem for mobile robot in unknown indoor environments

Abstract Autonomous exploration in unknown environments is an essential capability for mobile robots. The complexity of autonomous exploration, however, means that existing algorithms struggle to balance efficiency and comprehensiveness, causing low mapping accuracy and redundant path planning. To perform accurate and efficient exploration tasks, we have proposed a novel autonomous exploration algorithm via LiDAR/IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) and hierarchical subsystem for mobile robot in unknown environments. Firstly, to enhance mapping accuracy for mobile robot exploration, LiDAR/IMU SLAM is improved with the assistance of backward propagation and iterated Kalman filter, and Bidirectional Rapidly–Exploring Random Trees* (BI–RRT*) is applied for efficient frontier point detection. Secondly, we optimize local path planning by leveraging information theory through perceptual quality evaluation, which is then integrated with global path planning utilizing an enhanced Travelling Salesman Problem solver and a sparse grid map to amplify exploration efficiency. Thirdly, an enhanced hierarchical autonomous exploration method for mobile robots is proposed, which incorporates local path planning for seamless navigation around highly promising exploration spots, coupled with global path planning to effectively interconnect various sub–regions. Finally, simulations and field tests have demonstrated that the proposed method explores an unknown indoor environment with a 30.8% reduction in exploration time and a 29.9% reduction in exploration path in comparison with Dynamic Stage Viewpoint Planner. The map constructed in this paper has more accurate details and exploration paths have been shortened to ensure effective exploration.

Fuzzing and Symbolic Execution for Multipath Malware Tracing: Bridging Theory and Practice via Survey and Experiments

In real life, distinct runs of the same artifact lead to the exploration of different paths, due to either system's natural randomness or malicious constructions. These variations might completely change execution outcomes (extreme case). Thus, to analyze malware beyond theoretical models, we must consider the execution of multiple paths. The academic literature presents many approaches for multipath analysis (e.g., fuzzing, symbolic, and concolic executions), but it still fails to answer What's the current state of multipath malware tracing? This work aims to answer this question and also to point out What developments are still required to make them practical? Thus, we present a literature survey and perform experiments to bridge theory and practice. Our results show that (i) natural variation is frequent; (ii) fuzzing helps to discover more paths; (iii) fuzzing can be guided to increase coverage; (iv) forced execution maximizes path discovery rates; (v) pure symbolic execution is impractical, and (vi) concolic execution is promising but still requires further developments.

Characterizing virulence differences in a parasitoid wasp through comparative transcriptomic and proteomic

BackgroundTwo strains of the endoparasitoid Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) present a differential parasitism success on the host, Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). One is virulent on both permissive and resistant host populations, and the other only on the permissive host. This interaction provides a very interesting frame for studying virulence factors. Here, we used a combination of comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to unravel the molecular basis underlying virulence differences between the strains.ResultsFirst, we report that virulence genes are mostly expressed during the pupal stage 24 h before adult emergence of the parasitoid. Especially, 55 proviral genes are up-regulated at this stage, while their expression is only expected in the host. Parasitoid gene expression in the host increases from 24 to 96 h post-parasitism, revealing the expression of 54 proviral genes at early parasitism stage and the active participation of teratocytes to the parasitism success at the late stage. Secondly, comparison between strains reveals differences in venom composition, with 12 proteins showing differential abundance. Proviral expression in the host displays a strong temporal variability, along with differential patterns between strains. Notably, a subset of proviral genes including protein-tyrosine phosphatases is specifically over-expressed in the resistant host parasitized by the less virulent strain, 24 h after parasitism. This result particularly hints at host modulation of proviral expression. Combining proteomic and transcriptomic data at various stages, we identified 8 candidate genes to support the difference in reproductive success of the two strains, one proviral and 7 venom genes, one of them being also produced within the host by the teratocytes.ConclusionsThis study sheds light on the temporal expression of virulence factors of Cotesia typhae, both in the host and in the parasitoid. It also identifies potential molecular candidates driving differences in parasitism success between two strains. Together, those findings provide a path for further exploration of virulence mechanisms in parasitoid wasps, and offer insights into host-parasitoid coevolution.

A technique to improve the fixed-sphere decoding algorithm for Spectrally Efficient Frequency Division Multiplexing systems

Spectral Efficient Frequency Division Multiplexing (SEFDM) enhances spectral efficiency by narrowing subcarrier bandwidth, however it introduces severe inter-carrier interference (ICI). Currently, the most effective solution is the Fixed Sphere Detection (FSD) algorithm. In previous studies, we found that in order to better reduce the computational complexity of FSD, it is always through adding preprocessing and other pre-algorithms. Although this approach can effectively fix the search radius g in FSD, the complexity of the FSD algorithm itself has not been reduced. Since FSD determines the exploration path by fixing the tree width (Tw), and the selection of exploration paths can directly affect the final search for the optimal candidate values. In this paper we analyze the traditional algorithm from three angles - computational path, ICI generation, and computational complexity, and propose an Optimization Fixed Sphere Detection (OFSD) algorithm. It reduces the number of calculations required when initially selecting exploration paths by narrowing the search range. This allows us to avoid most unnecessary calculations during path selection. In this way, we can greatly reduce the computational complexity. Based on the simulation results, the proposed algorithm in the paper achieves a significant reduction in computational complexity compared to the FSD algorithm (up to 25% at maximum), while the performance drops by at most 0.12 dB when BCF is 0.8 and drops by at most 0.09 dB when BCF is 0.9.

Early Childhood AI Education in China: Time Value and Path Exploration

Early Childhood AI Education in China: Time Value and Path Exploration

Cross-regional path planning based on improved Q-learning with dynamic exploration factor and heuristic reward value

This paper proposes a cross-regional path planning method based on improved QL, whose enhancements focus on two aspects. One is to dynamically adjust the exploration factor in the ϵ-greedy strategy, guided by the principle of SA. This helps prevent unstable action selection or falling into local optima. The other is to incorporate the Euclidean distance between agent and the target point as heuristic information to smooth the reward values, thereby reducing the blind search in path exploration. Simulation experiments are conducted in two different scenarios to validate the effectiveness and adaptability of improved QL. Results from Experiment 1 demonstrate that compared to GA, PSO, SARSA and QL, the enhanced algorithm can plan the optimal path in the shortest duration. Experiment 2, which introduces congested road conditions, proves that proposed QL has advantages over original QL in complex environments in terms of search cost, operational efficiency, and convergence speed. This study extends the research of RL in the field of path planning to the cross-regional scope. It provides algorithmic support for the development of new cross-regional transport systems such as ICV.

Exploration of Effective Integration Paths of Ideological and Political Education in Vocational College English Teaching

With the acceleration of globalization and the increasing demand for high-quality technical and skilled talents, the integration of vocational college English teaching and ideological and political education has become a key focus of current educational reform. This paper explores the theoretical basis, necessity, and feasibility of integrating ideological and political education into vocational college English teaching. It proposes effective integration paths such as optimizing curriculum design and teaching content, innovating teaching methods and approaches, enhancing teacher training and professional development, and improving student evaluation and feedback mechanisms. Through the analysis of these paths, the aim is to improve the quality of vocational college English teaching, cultivate students' comprehensive qualities and professional abilities, and promote their all-round development.

Exploration of Digital Transformation Paths of Different Enterprises Based on Federal Learning from the Perspective of Business Model

Exploration of Digital Transformation Paths of Different Enterprises Based on Federal Learning from the Perspective of Business Model

Optimization of the mobile robot's path searching based on the A-star algorithm

Notable has been the rapid development of artificial intelligence in recent years, with mobile robots being widely applied in various fields. Greatly facilitating people's daily lives, research on robots has received widespread attention. The obstacle avoidance capability of mobile robots is an important indicator of their intelligence. This article utilizes the A-star algorithm. It optimizes the robot's movement path. The A-star algorithm is characterized by balancing the actual cost from the starting point to the current node with the estimated cost from the endpoint to the current node. This algorithm incorporates elements of both Dijkstra's algorithm and greedy search. By being guided by a heuristic function, A-star efficiently approaches the target point, ensuring optimal path planning. This paper focuses on optimizing the A-star algorithm, enhancing both node expansion during path exploration and search time for paths as the robot navigates through a maze.

Chemography-guided analysis of a reaction path network for ethylene hydrogenation with a model Wilkinson's catalyst.

Visualization and analysis of large chemical reaction networks become rather challenging when conventional graph-based approaches are used. As an alternative, we propose to use the chemical cartography ("chemography") approach, describing the data distribution on a 2-dimensional map. Here, the Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) algorithm - an advanced chemography approach - has been applied to visualize the reaction path network of a simplified Wilkinson's catalyst-catalyzed hydrogenation containing some 105 structures generated with the help of the Artificial Force Induced Reaction (AFIR) method using either Density Functional Theory or Neural Network Potential (NNP) for potential energy surface calculations. Using new atoms permutation invariant 3D descriptors for structure encoding, we've demonstrated that GTM possesses the abilities to cluster structures that share the same 2D representation, to visualize potential energy surface, to provide an insight on the reaction path exploration as a function of time and to compare reaction path networks obtained with different methods of energy assessment.

Research on the Development of New-Quality Productivity to Promote Digital Rural Construction under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy

With the continuous improvement of China's economic level, the main social contradictions have shifted, and people's demand for a better life has been rising. On one hand, for rural residents, the desire to build beautiful villages, achieve modern rural development, and narrow the urban-rural gap has become increasingly strong. On the other hand, the continuous progress of the digital economy and digital technology has brought new changes to rural development. How to utilize digital technology to promote the development of new-quality productivity in rural areas and promote rural revitalization has become a new era issue. Digital rural construction is the only way for further rural development and modernization. Therefore, relevant research on digital rural development is of great significance. Against the backdrop of the digital technology revolution, new-quality productivity represents the deep integration of technology and production and is the core driving force of the modernization process. It not only changes the development model of industry and services but also deeply penetrates the agricultural and rural fields, providing strong support for digital rural construction. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pays special attention to the "three rural" issues (agriculture, rural areas, and farmers), emphasizing the importance of "three rural" work in the new era. Digital rural construction, in this context, is endowed with special strategic significance. New-quality productivity, centered on technological innovation, opens up a new path for agricultural modernization development. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of digital rural construction, from its core concepts, existing problems to the exploration of practical paths, has certain theoretical and practical significance for understanding the actual role of new-quality productivity in the agricultural and rural areas. In light of this, this paper aims to explore the application of new-quality productivity in digital rural construction, analyze its transformation logic in rural development, address key issues in digital rural construction, and play a specific role in practical paths, providing theoretical support and suggestions for relevant policy formulation and implementation.

Exploration of Innovative Teaching Paths in the Classroom of “The Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History”

The purpose of “The Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History” is to help college students grasp the entire process of historical development, summarize experiences correctly, understand the national history and conditions, deeply understand why history and the people made the “four choices,” and stimulate their patriotism, national pride and self-confidence. This article is based on the reform of multimedia teaching methods and carries out the construction of the “Outline” course from six dimensions: improving teaching methods, strengthening teaching material construction, improving online teaching, extracurricular training mode, strengthening teacher team construction and reforming the examination system. Efforts are made to build this course into a high-quality course, making it a course that college students truly love and benefit from.

Safe and Efficient Exploration Path Planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Forest Environments

This study presents an enhanced exploration path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles. The primary goal is to increase the chances of survival of missing people in forest environments. Exploration path planning is an essential methodology for exploring unknown three-dimensional spaces. However, previous studies have mainly focused on underground environments, not forest environments. The existing path planning methods for underground environments are not directly applicable to forest environments. The reason is that multiple open spaces exist with various obstacles, such as trees, foliage, undergrowth, and rocks. This study mainly focused on improving the safety and efficiency to be suitable for forests rather than underground environments. Paths closer to obstacles are penalized to enhance safety, encouraging exploration at a safer distance from obstacles. A potential field function is applied based on explored space to minimize overlapping between existing and new paths to increase efficiency. The proposed exploration path planning method was validated through an extensive simulation analysis and comparison with state-of-the-art sampling-based path planning. Finally, a flight experiment was conducted to verify further the feasibility of the proposed method using onboard real hardware implementation in a cluttered and complex forest environment.

IEmu: Interrupt modeling from the logic hidden in the firmware

The security of embedded firmware has become a critical issue in light of the rapid development of the Internet of Things. Current security analysis approaches, such as dynamic analysis, still face bottlenecks and difficulties due to the wide variety of devices and systems. Recent dynamic analysis approaches for embedded firmware have attempted to provide a general solution but heavily rely on detailed device manuals. Meanwhile, approaches that do not rely on manuals have randomness in interrupt triggering, which weakens emulation fidelity and dynamic analysis efficiency. In this paper, we propose a redundant-check-based embedded firmware interrupt modeling and security analysis method that does not rely on commercial manuals. This method involves reverse engineering the control flow of firmware binary and accurately extracting the correct interrupt triggering rules to emulate embedded firmware. We have implemented functional prototypes on QEMU, called IEmu, and evaluated it with 26 firmware in different MCUs. Our results demonstrate significant advantages compared to the recent state-of-the-art approach. On average, IEmu has improved interrupt path exploration efficiency by 2.4 times and fuzz testing coverage by 19%. IEmu restored the interrupt triggering logic in the manual, and emulated three firmware where the state-of-the-art emulator have limitations and found vulnerabilities.

The Status Quo and Problems of Red Cultural Sites in the New Era and Their Exploration Paths: Taking the Luxi Region as an Example

Red cultural site is the carrier of red culture, containing profound revolutionary history and value of the times, we should deeply excavate the intrinsic potential of red cultural sites, pay attention to the ontological protection of red cultural sites, develop and improve the red cultural innovation projects, and strengthen the red culture itself and supporting the construction. This paper takes the old revolutionary area of Luxi as an example, conducts field investigation and visits based on the local county records and party history materials, and investigates a total of five red cultural sites and memorial halls in Luxi, focusing on the actual achievements and problems exposed in the protection and development of the current red cultural sites, to provide references and thinking for the protection, development, and innovative utilization of red cultural sites in the new era of our country.