Passive Range Of Motion Research Articles

Comparison of the treatment efficacy of suprascapular nerve block and intra‐articular shoulder injection techniques in patients diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis

AbstractBackgroundAdhesive capsulitis (AC) is a common cause of shoulder disability. Interventional procedures are used along with many other treatment methods. There are insufficient studies directly comparing the superiority of suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) and intra‐articular shoulder injection (IAI) techniques, which are frequently used interventional methods in treatment.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of ultrasonography‐guided SSNB and IAI techniques in terms of pain and functional status in the treatment of AC.DesignA single‐center, double‐blind randomized study.SettingThe study was conducted at the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic of Antalya Training and Research Hospital between March and October 2022.ParticipantsEighty‐four participants aged 15 to 75 years with a clinical diagnosis of AC were screened for the study, and 60 participants were included in the study after excluding participants who did not meet the criteria.InterventionsParticipants were randomized into two groups with 30 participants in each group. Both groups received an injection of 1 mL of 40 mg of triamcinolone acetonide and 9 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride under ultrasonographic guidance.Main Outcome MeasuresThe patients' Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) scores, shoulder active and passive range of motions (ROM), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were evaluated before and after the injection in the 1st week, 4th week, and 12th week.ResultsOur study found no significant difference in SPADI and ROM between the two groups when comparing pre‐injection and post‐injection results in 1st week, 4th week, and 12th week. When pre‐injection and 1st week, 1st week and 4th week, 4th week and 12th‐week measurements were compared, improvement in SPADI‐Disability scores, SPADI‐Total scores, active flexion, passive flexion, active abduction, passive abduction, and active extension ROM values continued until the 12th week in both groups. In both groups, improvement in SPADI‐Pain scores, active external rotation, and passive external rotation ROM values continued until the 4th week. In terms of VAS scores, passive extension, active internal rotation, and passive internal rotation ROM values, there was a statistically significant improvement in both groups after the injection compared to pre‐injection.ConclusionThe efficacy of SSNB and IAI techniques in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis was found to be similar. In both methods, significant improvements were observed in SPADI, ROM, and VAS measurements compared to baseline.

The Reliability and Validity of a Novel Clinical Test for Assessing Shoulder Rotation ROM in Collegiate Baseball Players: Functional Assessment of System Tension of the Shoulder (FAST-SHDR).

Traditional methods to measure rotational passive range of motion (PROM) in the throwing shoulder do not reflect the complexity of the throwing motion. Therefore, a sport specific shoulder rotation PROM test (FAST-SHDR) was developed and compared to traditional standard methods to measure shoulder internal and external rotational PROM in the throwing shoulder. The aim of this study was to determine the intra-rater reliability of the FAST-SHDR test in young, healthy, male Division 1 baseball players. Reliability and validity analysis. A study with 49 healthy participants (31 collegiate baseball players, 18 controls) examined a sport specific shoulder rotation PROM test (FAST-SHDR) and compared this to the standard supine 90/90 shoulder in a single session assessment. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC) were calculated. Within and between group differences were based on t-tests (p<0.001), absolute differences and effect sizes (95% CIs). The novel test (FAST-SHDR) had good to excellent reliability with ICCs ranging from 0.95 (0.89 to 0.98) to 0.96 (0.92-0.98). MDC ranged from 7°-11° which is equivalent to 11-14% of mean PROM scores. In the dominant shoulder of baseballers, when FAST-SHDR IR/ER was compared to standard IR/ER testing the FAST-SHDR scores were lower for both IR (MD 23.3°; 95% CI 19.7-26.8) and ER (MD 50.7°; 95% 44.7 to 56.7). Comparing the shoulder rotation PROM in baseballers, the FAST-SHDR ER and IR measurements were significantly lower (p<0.0001) when compared to traditional standard PROM testing for shoulder IR and ER rotation. FAST-SHDR testing shows good to excellent intra-rater reliability for measuring shoulder rotational PROM and demonstrates both face and discriminant validity. 3.

Arthroscopic Partial Repair of Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Shows Comparable Clinical Outcomes and Survivorship at Minimum 10-year Follow-Up Compared with Arthroscopic Complete Repair

PurposeThis research aimed to compare the survival rate (revision surgery) and clinical and radiologic outcomes of arthroscopic partial versus complete repair for large to massive rotator cuff tears over a minimum 10-year follow-up. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent arthroscopic partial or complete repair of large to massive rotator cuff tears between 2008 and 2013, with a minimum 10-year follow-up. Functional outcomes were measured using the visual analog scale, subjective shoulder value, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon score, University of California Los Angeles shoulder score, and passive range of motion (PROM) preoperatively and at the last follow-up. Failure was defined as the need for revision surgery (reverse shoulder arthroplasty) owing to significant pain and functional loss. Radiographic assessments included X-ray (preoperatively and at the latest follow-up) and magnetic resonance arthrography (preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively). The groups were compared for subjective and objective outcomes. ResultsThe study included 90 participants, 34 in Group P and 56 in Group C. At the latest follow-up, no significant differences were found in clinical scores and the percentage of participants exceeding the MCID was comparable for both groups in all variables. Groups P and C showed forward flexion of 133° ± 7° and 136° ± 10° (95% CI, -6.4 to 2.2, p=0.319); external rotation of 41° ± 5° and 42° ± 6° (95% CI, -3.8 to 2.0, p=0.465); internal rotation of 11 ± 1 and 11 ± 2 (95% CI, -0.3 to 0.2, p=0.284). Despite differences in retear size at 6 months (p<0.001) and acromiohumeral distance at the lastest follow-up (Group P: 4.5 ± 1.1 mm; Group C: 5.8 ± 0.7 mm), the survival rates at 10 years were similar: 77% (n=8) for Group P and 84% (n=11) for Group C (p=0.674). ConclusionsWhile radiological outcomes were inferior in the partial repair group, both groups had comparable survival rates and clinical outcomes over the 10-year follow-up. Level of EvidenceIII, retrospective comparative study

Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Stroke Rehabilitation on Awareness, Activities of Daily Living and Coping in Stroke Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.

Introduction Stroke is a major global cause of mortality and disability, with many survivors lacking awareness. Nurses play a pivotal role in the early identification and management of symptoms with regard to stroke. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of stroke rehabilitation on awareness, activity of daily living (ADL) and coping among stroke patients. Methods A quasi-experimental approach was used, with 60 stroke patients (30 patients in the study and 30 patients in the control group) selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. The pre-test on stroke awareness by the stroke knowledge assessment tool, ADLwas assessed by the Barthel Index, and coping was assessed through the Brief-COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) scale among stroke patients. The investigator implemented stroke rehabilitationfor study group participants and routine was followed for control group patients. Nurse-led stroke rehabilitation consists of Day 1 lecture on the causes, medication adherence, post-stroke complications, and home care following a stroke; Day2: Tailored to individual needs - demonstration of meeting ADL such as bathing, toileting, grooming, and feeding; Day 3: Demonstration of active and passive range of motion (ROM) exercises; Days 4-7: Supervised practice sessions on meeting daily activities as well as active and passive exercises. Daily practices last 40 minutes once a day was carried out. Post-test was conducted on the 30th day at neurology OPD during a re-visit, on stroke awareness, ADL and coping. The data was organized and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The control group had a mean awareness of causes, symptoms, management, and prevention of complications of stroke with a mean score of 11.7 while the study group had 13.6, which was statistically significant at p < 0.05. ADL comparison between control and study groups revealed that the ADL mean score was 12.07 in the control group and 13.23 in the study group significant at p < 0.05. A significant disparity in coping was found between the control group (30.3) and the study group (35.03), which was statistically significant at p < 0.01. Conclusion The study reveals that stroke rehabilitation led by nurses is more effective for stroke patients in improving their coping abilities, ADLs, and awareness.

The association of early passive mobilization with intracranial pressure in the adult intensive care unit: A prospective, cohort study.

Early mobilization are key components of the ABCDEF Care Bundle and critical treatments to reduce acquired muscle weakness, delirium and prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay. This study aimed to determine whether routine early mobilization related to intracranial pressure in intensive care patients on mechanical ventilation, using optic nerve sheath diameter measurement (ONSD). This study was planned as a prospective, cohort study in the third-step adult ICU of a faculty hospital. The study included only patients who were intubated and followed up on a mechanical ventilator and were clinically stable. Passive range of motion (PROM) exercises were performed daily by the physiotherapists as part of routine care from the day of hospitalization. ONSD was assessed before, during and 10 min after PROM exercises. The study included 20 eligible patients out of the 142 who were evaluated upon admission to the ICU. The median age of the patients was 65 years, and nine (45%) of them were female. The analyses showed that there was no statistically significant change in ONSD during and at the end of the PROM (ONSD right eye p:.621, Partial η2: 0.025, ONSD left eye p:.935, Partial η2: 0.004). Similarly, there was no statistically significant change in haemodynamic parameters in during and at the end of the PROM (Heart beat p:.849, Partial η2: 0.009, Systolic Pressure p:.435, Partial η2: 0.043, Diastolic Pressure p:.128, Partial η2:0.103, Saturation p:.103, Partial η2: 0.113 and Respiratory rate p:.071, Partial η2:0.130). This study suggests that daily extremity physiotherapy exercises can be safely applied without causing increased intracranial pressure or haemodynamic instability in intensive care patients followed up on mechanical ventilation, including patients with vasopressor therapy. Early mobilization, including PROM, is considered safe in terms of intracranial pressure for intubated patients in the ICU.

The acute cross-education effect of foam rolling on the thigh muscles in patients after total knee arthroplasty.

In the early postoperative period after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), joint range of motion (ROM) limitation and increased stiffness due to pain are commonly observed. Previous studies have reported that a single bout of foam rolling (FR) can acutely increase ROM and pain threshold on the contralateral (non-intervention) side in healthy participants. In this study, we aimed to expand this knowledge for TKA rehabilitation and investigated the acute effects of FR intervention on the non-operative side on ROM, stiffness, and pain of the operative side in postoperative patients within the first week after TKA. The study employed a randomized crossover design: 20 patients (mean age 75.0 ± 7.8 years) in the first postoperative week after TKA were divided alternately into Roll_Break and Break_Roll groups in the order of prescription. In the Roll_Break group, after the initial evaluation, a 180-s (60-s × three sets) FR intervention using a roller massager by a physiotherapist for the knee extensors was performed on the contralateral side (non-operative side), followed by the measurement. Afterwards, after 180-s of supine at rest, the measurement was performed again (i.e., control phase). In the Break_Roll group, after the initial evaluation, each patient was placed in a seated resting position for 180-s, and then another measurement was performed (i.e., control phase). After this, the FR intervention was performed for 180-s, and then the measurement was performed again. The intensity of the FR intervention was set to the maximum intensity that did not cause pain. We measured pain using the visual analogue scale at rest and during the knee joint ROM measurements, knee joint active movement ROM, knee joint passive ROM, and stiffness during the knee joint active movement. All outcome variables showed significant improvements after the FR intervention (intervention phase) when compared pre- to post-intervention, and significantly favourable effects were found compared to the control condition. The results showed significant improvements in ROM, pain, and stiffness of the operative side after the FR intervention on the non-operative side. For future therapy approaches for TKA patients, FR treatment of the non-operative side should be employed in the first weeks after surgery.

Extensive Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint Extending to the Cranial Base.

A 42-year-old male presented to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with the chief complaint of pain and stiffness in the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The patient's height was 174 cm and his body weight was 65 kg. The patient's occupation was heavy equipment operator. According to the patient, the pain had initiated a week prior to his first visit and was exacerbated during mastication. Evaluation of the range of motion revealed extensive crepitus along the right TMJ. The active and passive range of motion were measured at 45 mm and 42 mm, respectively, indicating adequate mouth-opening capacity. Occlusion was also favorable, and no other clinical symptoms were shown intraorally.

Anatomic restoration of lateral humeral offset and humeral retroversion optimizes functional outcomes following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty

Cadaveric and computer simulations suggest lateral humeral offset (LHO) and humeral retroversion (HR) are associated with strength and range of motion (ROM) after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA), butin vivodata is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of implant parameters (i.e. LHO and HR) on strength and ROM. LHO and HR were measured using pre-operative and post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans. Postoperative strength was measured across three planes of motion using a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Postoperative active and passive ROM during forward elevation, external rotation (ER), and internal rotation (IR) were assessed using a goniometer or spinal level. 30 rTSA patients (14 M, 16F, age: 71.8 ± 6.7yrs) participated with an average postoperative follow-up of 2.4 ± 1.1 years. Regarding strength, higher post-op LHO values were predictive of greater postoperative strength across all movements. However, lateralization of the implant beyond pre-op values (i.e. post-op LHO > pre-op LHO) was associated with poorer strength performance across all ranges of motion. Similar to strength outcomes, greater deviations from pre-op LHO was predictive of poorer IR ROM. Lastly, patients with minimal deviations in HR (post-op HR within 10° of pre-op HR) and minimal deviations in LHO (post-op LHO ≤ pre-op LHO) displayed the greatest postoperative ER ROM. Anatomic restoration of LHO combined with anatomic restoration of HR may be ideal for maximizing strength and ROM following rTSA. Overlateralization beyond anatomic may have negative consequences. Optimal implant lateralization and version may need to be individualized based on preoperative values.

Musculoskeletal ultrasound of the shoulder in patients with adhesive capsulitis.

Adhesive capsulitis is a common pathological condition of the shoulder that affects the general population. The aim of the present study was to explore shoulder ultrasonographic findings in patients with adhesive capsulitis. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 96 patients with adhesive capsulitis. Abnormal shoulder ultrasonographic findings were found in all participants. The top three abnormal ultrasonographic imaging features were biceps tendon effusion (71.8%), positive dynamic supraspinatus impingement (56.2%) and subdeltoid-subacromial bursitis (47.9%). By assessing the relationship between limited functional shoulder range of motion (ROM) and abnormal shoulder ultrasonographic findings, limited passive ROM (PROM) with shoulder flexion of ≤120 degrees was found to be significantly associated with positive dynamic supraspinatus impingement. Similarly, limited PROM in shoulder abduction of ≤130 degrees was found to be significantly associated with subdeltoid and subacromial bursitis, as well as positive dynamic supraspinatus impingement. In addition, limited PROM with shoulder internal rotation of ≤60 degrees was significantly associated with positive dynamic supraspinatus impingement. Varying abnormal shoulder ultrasonographic findings were obtained in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Therefore, it should be cautioned that relying solely on physical examination may not accurately indicate true shoulder pathology and it is suggested that the final diagnosis should be based on a combination of the patients' clinical and overall ultrasonographic findings.

How does cruciate ligament rupture treatment affect range of motion in dogs?

This study aimed at evaluating the changes in passive range of motion (ROM) of the stifle joint associated with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture in dogs and assessing whether the surgical treatment carried out on the affected joints affected additional changes. A retrospective cohort study design was used. The clinical records of dogs treated with tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA), tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) and tight rope (TR) were reviewed as were the extension angle (EA), flexion angle (FA) and lameness. The data recorded at T0, before surgery, were compared with the data at 1 month and 6 months post-surgery. The data were classified as normal or abnormal.The main results obtained one month after surgery indicated that dogs treated with TTA showed a significant worsening of flexion (the FA was abnormal in 69.6 % of dogs at T0 and 80.4 % at T1 with p = 0.0208). Dogs treated with TPLO achieved asignificant improvement in extension (the EA was normal in 16.7 % of dogs at T0 and in 33.3 % at T1 with p < 0.0001), and in flexion (the FA was normal in 23.8 % of dogs at T0 and 43.5 % at T6 with p = 0.0434). The dogs treated with TR showed a significant worsening of extension (the EA was abnormal in 68.8 % of dogs at T0 and in 81.3 % at T1 with p = 0.0024). Six months post-surgery, the ROM value was not normal in 100 % of the stifle joints; however, the lameness significantly improved with each procedure. This study confirmed the influence of surgical procedures on changes in ROM and provided useful indications for planning therapy to improve and speed up the postoperative rehabilitation process in dogs.

The Clinical Utility of the Seated Wall Angel as a Test with Scoring.

The seated wall angel (SWA) is an intervention to improve upper quarter mobility but has not been described as a clinical test with scoring. To explore the clinical utility of the SWA as a test with scoring. The authors hypothesized that SWA test scores would be lower on the injured than uninjured side, improve over time, and show stronger association with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests. Prospective cohort. Patients diagnosed with anterior shoulder instability and referred to physical therapy participated. Testing occurred after physical therapy examination (initial) and six weeks later (follow-up). Rehabilitation was not controlled. Testing included clinical tests (SWA, passive shoulder external rotation range of motion, total arc of motion) and patient-reported outcomes including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form, (ASES) and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). The SWA test was scored 0 to 3 points bilaterally based on number of body contacts with the wall (i.e., elbows and fingertips, posterior fingers, posterior forearm). Passive range of motion was measured with a standard goniometer. SWA scores were compared between sides at initial testing and compared between testing timepoints on the injured side. Associations among injured side clinical test values and patient-reported outcome scores were examined. Mean (SD) SWA score on the injured side was significantly lower than the uninjured side at initial testing [1.6 (1.0) vs 2.2 (1.1), p = 0.045] and significantly increased at follow-up testing [2.4 (1.0), p = 0.041]. Only SWA test score was significantly correlated with ASES (r=0.597) and WOSI (r=-0.648) scores at initial testing, and SWA test score was significantly correlated with WOSI score at follow-up testing (r=-0.611). The clinical utility of the SWA test is supported by distinguishing the injured and uninjured sides and having stronger associations with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests.

Prevalence of Adhesive Capsulitis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study From Pakistan.

Background An inflammatory condition leading to stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint, adhesive capsulitis is associated with conditions such as diabetes mellitus, cervical spondylosis, thyroid dysfunction, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, and shoulder injury due to trauma, fracture, rotator cuff tear, surgery, or immobilization. Adhesive capsulitis may affect a notable proportion of the diabetic population. There are numerous studies that show that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are not only at higher risk of developing adhesive capsulitis but also suffer poor outcomes despite treatment, especially in patients with long-standing diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, there is significant variation in data regarding the prevalence of adhesive capsulitis in Pakistani patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective To determine the prevalence of adhesive capsulitis among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Methods The present observational cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Medicine, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, from February 2024 to August 2024. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was labeled by HbA1c of more than 7.0%, or two random blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dL or more, or an existing diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, and/or use of anti-hyperglycemic therapy. Adhesive capsulitis was diagnosed clinically on the basis of history (gradual onset shoulder pain with limitation of movements) and examination (reduction in active and passive range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder, especially abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation) in the absence of significant abnormalities on shoulder X-ray. After ethical approval and obtaining informed consent, 430 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Demographic information, diabetes control, and HbA1c levels were noted, and the patients were assessed for adhesive capsulitis. All the data was recorded and entered into IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23 (Released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA), for analysis. Results Having a female preponderance (266, or 61.9%), the mean age of the participants was 54.0 ± 13.1 years. With regard to occupational status, 126 (29.3%) had a sedentary occupation, 45 (10.5%) were unemployed, and 259 (60.2%) had a non-sedentary occupation. The mean diabetes duration was 6.4 ± 5.3 years, and the majority of patients had poor diabetes control (322, or 74.9%). Adhesive capsulitis was present in 61 (14.2%) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. On stratification, no significant statistical association of adhesive capsulitis was seen with gender (p-value: 0.075), age (p-value: 0.465), occupation (p-value: 0.056), diabetes duration (p-value: 0.118), or diabetes control (p-value: 0.090). Conclusion Adhesive capsulitis was not an uncommon finding in our study, reported in almost one-fifth of the 430 patients enrolled. We recommend that treating physicians screen diabetic patients for adhesive capsulitis so that proper pain relief, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation may be provided timely and efficiently, thereby reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life for such patients.

The dose effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave on plantar flexor spasticity of ankle in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundExtracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has been proven beneficial for post-stroke spasticity (PSS) of ankle plantar flexor muscles. This study aims to investigate the dose-response effectiveness of focused-ESWT and the duration of its effect on the treatment of ankle PSS in stroke patients.MethodsIn this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, stroke patients diagnosed with PSS in the ankle plantar flexor muscles were randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group received double-dose ESWT (4000 pulses per session) targeting spastic calf muscles, while the control group received half the dose (2000 pulses per session). Both groups underwent four sessions over two weeks. The outcomes, including modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), modified Tardieu Scale (MTS), passive range of motion (PROM) of the ankle, Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test, Barthel index and strain elastography were evaluated at baseline, 1st, 4th, 12th, and 24th week after ESWT.ResultsWithin-group analysis revealed significant improvements in MAS, PROM, TUG Test, and Barthel index for the double-dose ESWT group and improvements in Barthel index for the control group. Between-group analysis revealed greater improvements in TUG Test, Barthel Index and strain elastography for the double-dose ESWT group. Generalized estimating equations analysis indicated that the double-dose ESWT group achieved superior outcomes in the TUG Test, Barthel Index, and strain elastography across various time points and groups.ConclusionsDouble-dose ESWT showed better functional improvement and elastography compared to the control group. ESWT demonstrated dose-response effectiveness for PSS of ankle-equinus.Trial registrationNCT05878223.

How Does Standing Anteroposterior Stability Limits Correlate to Foot/ankle Functions in Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy?

To determine whether foot and ankle functions are correlated with the limits of stability (LoS) while standing in individuals with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (BSCP). Eighteen people who could walk and with BSCP and 18 people without disability participated. Anteroposterior LoS was measured using a force platform. To quantify ankle and foot functions, spasticity, isometric muscle strength, passive range of motion, and plantar light touch-pressure sensation were assessed. In the BSCP group, anteroposterior LoS was significantly decreased, and anterior LoS reduction was correlated with decreases in plantar flexor and toe flexor strength and in sensitivity of the forefoot to light touch-pressure sensation, whereas the posterior LoS reduction was correlated with reduced dorsiflexor strength. The present findings suggest that improvement in these foot and ankle functions in BSCP may increase LoS while standing.

Are there laterality differences in passive flexion and extension of the proximal limb joints in working Siberian Husky dogs?

Differences between left and right-side joint range of motion may affect canine locomotive ability and movement. Passive range of motion (PROM) joint measurement provides the limits that a particular joint can move in its physiological planes of motion without influence of muscle activity. To compare left and right-side flexion and extension of the glenohumeral, humeroulnar/humeroradial, coxofemoral and femorotibial joints and for laterality PROM differences. Siberian Husky dogs were selected (n = 18) of mixed gender, aged (1.4–11.8) years living and working together from a single kennel. Joint PROM was measured using goniometry, a validated, non-invasive method, by the same investigator previously tested for acceptable measurement repeatability. Dogs were conscious and placed in standing position. Triplicate measures of joint flexion and extension were taken on both sides of each dog for afore-mentioned joints. Median values of triplicate measures were computed. Paired t-tests compared laterality of joint PROM, gender, age (&lt; 6 vs. &gt; 6 years) effects. Inferential symmetry indices [SI] were calculated. There was no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) between left and right-side flexion and extension measures for all joints. Gender had no significant effect (p &gt; 0.05) on joint flexion or extension measures for all joints. Age (&lt; 6 vs. &gt; 6 years) had a significant effect on right hip flexion (p &lt; 0.001) and for both left and right-side shoulder flexion (p &lt; 0.001); elbow flexion (p = 0.001 and p &lt; 0.001); hip extension (p = 0.02 and p &lt; 0.001) respectively. The shoulder joint showed greatest PROM asymmetry (SI = 3.63%). Bilateral PROM measures are important to consider in joint movement and assessment. These results warrant further investigation with larger cohorts of defined age groups.

Implementasi Range Of Motion (ROM) Pasif Untuk Meningkatkan Mobilitas Fisik Pada Pasien Dengan Stroke Hemoragik Di Rumah Sakit Vita Insani Pematangsiantar

Stroke is a functional brain disorder in the form of death of neurological nerve cells due to disruption of blood flow in one part of the brain. Hemorrhagic stroke is a ruptured blood vessel in the brain which results in intracranial bleeding. The prevalence of stroke cases every year is 13.7 million and around 5.5 million deaths occur due to stroke. One of the nursing problems that arises in cases of hemorrhagic stroke is impaired physical mobility. Efforts that can be made to overcome physical mobility disorders are passive range of motion (ROM). This research design uses the Case Study method. The sampling method used is purposive sampling. The samples taken were 2 respondents, namely patients with hemorrhagic stroke who were hospitalized at Vita Insani Hospital, Pematangsiantar. The results showed that there was an increase in mobility experienced by hemorrhagic stroke patients, a decrease in muscle strength, Mr. U scales (3) to (4) and in Mr. S scales (2) to (3). Passive range of motion (ROM) is effective in cases of hemorrhagic stroke in increasing physical mobility. Nurses are expected to be able to accompany patients to apply passive range of motion (ROM) in an effort to increase physical mobility in hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Penerapan Range Of Mation (ROM) terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Otot dengan Kasus Stroke Non Hemoragik pada Ny. A Di UPT PSTW Jember

Background: Stroke remains a major health issue both in Indonesia and globally. Non-hemorrhagic stroke is a leading cause of physical disability, resulting in decreased muscle strength and motor function. Physical rehabilitation, including Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, plays a crucial role in the recovery of stroke patients by restoring muscle function and improving muscle strength. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ROM exercises in improving muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients with physical mobility impairment. Methods: A descriptive study with a case study approach was conducted on one non-hemorrhagic stroke patient who was given passive ROM exercises for 7 days, with a frequency of twice a day (morning and evening). The instruments used included Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and a Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) observation sheet to assess muscle strength before and after the passive ROM intervention. Results: The study showed a significant increase in muscle strength after ROM exercises. Muscle strength consistently improved throughout the intervention, indicating that ROM exercises are effective in enhancing muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. Conclusion: Regular ROM exercises can increase muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. Initially, the patient's left extremity muscle strength was at a scale of 3, and after 7 days of ROM exercises, it improved to a scale of 4. This study provides evidence that ROM exercises are effective for stroke patients

Active versus passive foam rolling on range of motion, tissue property, and neural adaptation in healthy young adults: A randomised controlled trial

IntroductionSelf-massage using a foam roller (foam rolling) is effective for increasing range of motion (ROM). However, the independent effects of pressure stimulation and voluntary movement during foam rolling remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of pressure stimulation and voluntary movement during the foam rolling intervention on ROM and its related parameters from the aspects of tissue mechanical properties and the central nervous system. MethodsThis study set a randomised open-label controlled parallel group design involving active foam rolling with pressure stimulation and voluntary movement (A-FR), passive foam rolling with only pressure stimulation (P-FR), and sham rolling with only voluntary movement (SHAM) of the calf muscle. Twenty-seven healthy active adults (males: 16, females: 11) were analysed. Parameters of tissue mechanical properties (as measured by tissue stiffness and thickness) and systemic nervous adaptation (as measured by PPT, stretch tolerance, HRV, and mood states), as well as maximal ankle active/passive dorsiflexion ROM, were measured. ResultsA-FR significantly improved pressure pain threshold, stretch tolerance, and negative mood and increased active and passive ROM. P-FR significantly improved parasympathetic nervous activity and negative mood and increased passive ROM. However, SHAM did not affect any ROM or parameters of tissue mechanical properties and systemic neural adaptation except for some negative mood improvement. ConclusionVoluntary movement does not independently affect ROM, whereas pressure simulation independently enhances ROM during the foam rolling intervention. Combining pressure stimulation and voluntary movement can enhance the ROM effect and influence parameters of tissue mechanical properties and the central nervous system.

Impact of Ultrasound-Guided Suprascapular Nerve Block in Stroke Survivors With Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain Undergoing Neurorehabilitation: A Retrospective Case Series.

Background Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) is one of the most common complications seen in stroke survivors. HSP is an important cause of disability in these patients and may act as a barrier to rehabilitation and functional recovery. Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) has been shown to be an effective treatment option for managing HSP, and it may also improve overall functional and motor recovery. Methodology This is a retrospective case series. Six stroke patients with HSP received an ultrasound-guided SSNB as a part of their inpatient individualized neurorehabilitation program. They were evaluated before the intervention and at 4 and 12 weeks of follow-up. Primary outcome measures were the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score, active range of motion (AROM), and the visual analog scale (VAS) score of the hemiplegic shoulder. Secondary outcome measures were the passive range of motion (PROM) and manual muscle testing (MMT) of the hemiplegic shoulder. Results Of the six patients, four (66.7%) were male, four (66.7%) had hypertension, and two (33.3%) were also suffering from diabetes mellitus. Improvement was seen in the VAS score and the pain subscale of SPADI in all six cases at 12 weeks of follow-up. VAS score improvement was between 40% and 100%, while SPADI pain subscale score improvement ranged from 21.74% to 100%. Total SPADI score improved in all cases, with improvement ranging from 7.94% to 54.55%. No Improvement was seen in four of the six cases in the SPADI disability subscale. AROM showed an improvement in three of the six cases, with the most improvement in flexion (up to 55.56%). PROM improved in all six cases for flexion and abduction and in four cases for external rotation. MMT of only two patients improved by at least two grades. Conclusions SSNB is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with HSP. Along with an improvement in pain, the addition of SSNB in neurorehabilitation may play an important role in aiding functional and motor recovery in stroke survivors with HSP.

Passive Rom Therapy to Improve Muscle Strength in Post-Op Upper/Lower Extremity Patients: a Case Study

Fractures are emergency conditions that must be treated quickly and accurately and in accordance with fracture management procedures. In general, clients with fractures must undergo surgery which in addition to causing pain also affects activity. After surgery, rehabilitation is needed to prevent contractures. Nursing care for patients with upper/lower extremity fractures must be prioritized and focused on providing comfort, preventing complications, and achieving optimal rehabilitation in rehabilitation. Patients are taught mobilization or movement exercises, namely Passive Range of Motion (ROM). Purpose: To determine the Effectiveness of Passive ROM Exercise in Postoperative Patients with Upper/Lower Extremity Fractures on Length of Stay at Sukoharjo Regional General Hospital. Design: This researcher studied the type of experimental research. The method used is a case study. Results: the results of the study showed that the majority of Active ROM respondents were treated for 2 days with a frequency of 5 respondents. Then the results showed that there was a difference in the effect of passive ROM on the length of stay for fracture patients at Sukoharjo Regional General Hospital.