Pasir Mas Research Articles

Electrical Performance and Degradation Analysis of Field-Aged PV Modules in Tropical Climates: A Comparative Experimental Study

Performance degradation is a prevalent phenomenon in solar photovoltaic systems globally, with varying aging profiles and effects depending on environmental and climatic conditions. This paper presents an extensive investigation of the electrical performance, aging mechanisms, and degradation analysis of field-aged PV modules under the tropical climate of Malaysia. Utilizing a combination of visual inspection, I-V curve measurement, and thermal imaging techniques, this research provides a comprehensive assessment of the electrical and thermal properties of field-aged PV modules from two locations in Malaysia over extended periods (8 years at UMPSA and 10 years at Pasir Mas). The multi-faceted approach of the study allows for a deeper understanding of the degradation process, offering insights into the causes and effects of higher current and lower voltage in aged modules. The study found the average annual degradation rates at UMPSA were 0.3% for open circuit voltage (Voc), 0.23% for short circuit current (Isc), 0.81% for maximum power (Pmax), and 0.35% for fill factor (FF) and at Pasir Mas, the average annual degradation rates were 1.124% for Voc, −0.166% for Isc, 1.276% for Pmax, and 0.43% for FF. The study also found that monocrystalline silicon (m-Si) panels experienced an average power degradation of 6.48%, while polycrystalline silicon (p-Si) panels showed a higher degradation of 12.76%. However, Thermal imaging revealed significant temperature variations across the modules, with hotspots reaching up to 11.2 °C above cooler areas in UMPSA panels and an even more pronounced 26.1 °C difference in Pasir Mas modules. These temperature disparities highlight the uneven heat distribution and potential performance issues in the panels. This research contributes to the understanding of PV module degradation in tropical climates and aligns with sustainable development, climate change mitigation efforts, and SDG 7 by promoting sustainable energy solutions.

The Relationship between Principal's Distributive Leadership Practices and Teacher Job Satisfaction in Secondary Schools in Pasir Mas District, Kelantan

The Relationship between Principal's Distributive Leadership Practices and Teacher Job Satisfaction in Secondary Schools in Pasir Mas District, Kelantan

The Acceptance Level of Fertigation Technology System among Farmers in Kelantan

Fertigation technology system has emerged as an assisted technology to ease the farmers' jobs in the field. This technology has been popularly used by chilli, cucumber, and eggplant growers as it can minimise farm labour use. However, due to the high installation and maintenance costs, farmers refuse because they cannot afford it on their farms. Additionally, this system may appear to have technical problems such as blockage, and the skilful person must attend to it. So, this study aims to examine farmers' acceptance level in Kelantan on the fertigation system technology. About 100 respondents from Kota Bharu, Tumpat, Pasir Mas and Bachok were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, and simple random sampling was used as a sampling method for this study. The descriptive analysis has also been used to identify the socio-demographic profile of the respondents and the acceptance level towards the fertigation system. The mean score was categorised into three categories: low (1 to 2.33), moderate (2.34 to 3.66) and high (3.67 to 5). The findings demonstrate a high mean score, with 70% of the farmers accepting the fertigation system to assist them on the farm. In conclusion, most farmers have opened their minds and are ready to get the fertigation system technology to generate more profit. It is hoped that more collaborations between government agencies, non-profit organisations, and investors will notice the need for this technology to boost farmers' livelihoods and Malaysian food security.

Traffic noise pollution level at selected cities in Kelantan

In densely populated areas where the communities strive, noise pollution has become a critically alarming problem and must be addressed accordingly. The World Health Organization also recognizes it as a concerning public health issue in the urban areas. More often, the effects of noise towards the residents living in the vicinity areas can include the worsening of life quality and result in physiological effects, among others. We hypothesize that the increasing traffic results in higher noise pollution levels. The aim of this study was to quantify traffic noise pollution using noise pollution level (NPL) and traffic noise index (TNI) at selected cities in Kelantan, namely Tanah Merah and Pasir Mas. A sound level meter (TENMARS TM102) was used to record the noise level, and the traffic volumes were determined by using tally counts. The noises were measured during four different peak hours from 08:00 to 22:00. The recorded noise levels were compared with the Department of Environment (DOE) recommended limit of 60 dB(A) during daytime. The traffic noise pollution level was confirmed to be higher when the traffic volume counts increased. The results suggest proper mitigation measures such as enforcing zoning regulations and promoting public awareness campaigns were needed to reduce the noise pollution level.

Book Review ‘ Thalassaemia Module’

Thalassemia is a hereditary blood disorder (genetic disease) that interferes with the formation of normal red blood cells. Thalassemia patients produce red blood cells that is easily broken or destroyed in the blood. Deficiencies normal red blood cells will cause the patient often appear pale due to low hemoglobin levels (anaemia). Red blood cells supply oxygen to tissues in the humans’ body. This lack of red blood cells results in the Thalassemia patient feels lethargic, lifeless and may be short of breath if the hemoglobin level is decreasing. This book explains about Thalassemia disease, list important facts about Thalassemia disease, stating the physical characteristics of Thalassemia patients, list the signs and symptoms of Thalassemia disease, states treatment for Thalassemia patients in general, explain preventive measures and describe Thalassemia disease among teenagers

Book Review ‘Mosque in Islam: History, Role and Position’

Mosque plays an important role in the state of Kelantan. There are five mosques discussed in this book. The first is D’ Raja Long Yunus Mosque or Langgar Mosque. The second is the Sultan Muhammad I Mosque or the Jajahan Jeli Mosque. Third is Sultan Muhammad II Mosque or Telipot Mosque. The fourth is Sultan Muhammad III Mosque or Bandar Pasir Mas Mosque. The fifth is Sultan Mansor Mosque or Kampung Sireh Mosque. The five mosques located in the state of Kelantan are discussed from the perspective of the historical development, namely the date they were built, why they were built, the origin of the mosque name, the location of the mosque, the function of the mosque to the local community, the cost of building the mosque and the management of the mosque. The names of these mosques have their own significance, related to the relationship between Islam, the King and the People in the state of Kelantan.

Book Review ‘D’raja Kelantan Mosque’ (Malay Version)

Mosque play an important role in the state of Kelantan. There are five mosques discussed in this book. The first is D' Raja Long Yunus Mosque or Langgar Mosque. The second is the Sultan Muhammad I Mosque or the Jajahan Jeli Mosque. Third is Sultan Muhammad II Mosque or Telipot Mosque. The fourth is Sultan Muhammad III Mosque or Bandar Pasir Mas Mosque. The fifth is Sultan Mansor Mosque or Kampung Sireh Mosque. The five mosques located in the state of Kelantan are discussed from the perspective of the historical development, namely the date they were built, why they were built, the origin of the mosque name, the location of the mosque, the function of the mosque to the local community, the cost of building the mosque and the management of the mosque. The names of these mosques have their own significance, related to the relationship between Islam, the King and the People in the state of Kelantan.

DISASTER RESILIENCE SCORECARD FOR OFFICE BUILDING IN MALAYSIA TOWARDS REDUCING FLOOD RISKS

This study is aimed to provide an approach for measuring the resilience of office buildings against flood in Malaysia. Three states were chosen namely Kelantan, Pahang, and Johor as they had been badly affected by the major flood in 2014. From the three states, nine worst-hit districts had been identified, which are Kota Bharu, Pasir Mas, Kuala Krai in Kelantan, Kuantan, Temerloh, and Pekan in Pahang, along with Batu Pahat, Kota Tinggi, and Mersing in Johor. The Disaster Resilience Scorecard for Industrial and Commercial Building is adapted to construct the scorecard. The essential elements were examined with regards to the office buildings within the scope of flood in Malaysia. This study used Survey questionnaire as a method in constructing the scorecard which was distributed among the managers or person in charge of the office buildings management within the study areas. The results from the survey questionnaire reflected the significance of every component in the essentials, thus relevant to be included in the final scorecard.

Challenges for Adopting E-Commerce in Agriculture among The Farmers: Case Study in Pasir Mas, Kelantan

These days, many people have adopted e-commerce to increase sales and profit, but the adoption of e-commerce has come out with challenges. This research focuses on the challenges of adopting e-commerce in agriculture among the vegetable farmers in Pasir Mas Kelantan. In this research, two objectives will be evaluated, to investigate the relationship between the independent variables and dependent variable. This research has used simple random sampling to collect the sample size. Moreover, the respondents for the study are 59 respondents, which are calculated using Daniel 1999. Three types of analysis have been carried out to analyse the results of the study. The first data analysis used is descriptive data analysis, which examines the demographic variables of respondents. Besides, the second method for data analysis is correlation analysis, which is to observe the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Last but not least, the third data analysis is multiple linear regression which is to identify the most significant factor that influence the adoption of e-commerce among farmers. The challenge and factors used for these studies are the internet connectivity, cost implementation, delivery risk and platform fraud and adaption e-commerce platforms among farmers. The results show that the internet connectivity , delivery risk and platform fraud have significant relationship with the adoption of e-commerce among the farmers and As a recommendation, this research needs further investigation to observe more factors that will be the challenges for the farmers to adopt e- commerce in their agriculture farms.

Quantification of Green Space Landscape Structure for Sustainable Land Use Planning in Pasir Mas, Kelantan

Globally, the amount of green space in urban areas has significantly decreased because of fast urban expansion. Urbanization may modify the spatial structure of a landscape and have an impact on its ecological function. The research aims to quantify the landscape structure changes of green space in the years 1994, 2004, and 2014 in Pasir Mas using remote sensing, GIS and landscape ecology approach. Three satellite images were classified into five land use land cover (LULC) which are forest, agriculture area, cleared land, water bodies and built-up area. The results show that the highest percentage of area in year 1994 is forest followed by agriculture, built up area and water bodies. However, in year 2014 the percentage of land use are vice versa. In the period from 1994 to 2004, 1.92% of forest was converted into built up areas in Pasir Mas district. However, in the period of year 2004 to 2014, the percentage of forest area that has been converted into built up area is increase about 4.32%. Forest shows significance increase in the transition into agriculture area by 49.63% in the year of 1994 and 2004. For the period of year 2004 and 2014, the conversion of forest area into agriculture area also in high percentage which is 17.66%. Landscape structure changes analysis show that there are significant changes of Euclidean nearest neighbour distance (MNN) indicating that there is fragmentation and isolation between patches. Similarly, the size and shape of forest patches also decreased indicating by percentage of area (PAREA) and landscape shape index (LSI). Therefore, using remote sensing, GIS, and landscape ecology, this project will help understand the spatial structure of green space and the impact of urban expansion in Pasir Mas, Kelantan, in order to give the knowledge necessary for sustainable land use planning.

Attitude and flood preparedness of households in Pasir Mas, Kelantan, Malaysia

Kelantan is a state that is often impacted by the yearly monsoonal floods resulting in the displacement of a large number of households as well as damages to crops, livestock and properties. The flood is a yearly occurrence that necessitates the community to prevent loss of lives and extensive property damage; however, previous studies have found that communities are unprepared to face flood disasters, especially in flood-prone areas. Thus this study aims to determine the relationship between attitude towards flood preparedness and the level of flood preparedness of households in Pasir Mas, Kelantan. A total of 220 respondents from 10 villages were selected with the assistance of the District Office to ensure the selection of villages with experience of flood or is flood-prone. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the level of attitude and flood preparedness. Results from the analysis found that the attitude and preparedness level was moderate. Therefore, it is suggested that the community’s attitude and preparedness level can be further enhanced with the assistance of the responding agencies and local authorities to empower a more resilient community.

Solid Waste Disposal Practices Among Rural Community in Pasir Mas, Kelantan, Malaysia

Nowadays, improper solid waste disposal is a severe issue due to its impacts on environment, social, and economic sustainability. This manuscript aims to identify the knowledge and awareness of the rural community in Kg Tok Uban, Pasir Mas, Kelantan about solid waste disposal. Besides that, the socio-demographic factors that influence the knowledge and awareness of respondents have also been explored. The data was collected using an online survey questionnaire. A total of 232 respondents participated in this study through the convenience sampling method. The findings indicated that most respondents have good knowledge of proper solid waste disposal. Besides that, this study also revealed that most respondents have a good awareness of the impact of improper solid waste disposal. However, this study found that the respondents have moderate solid waste disposal practices. Even though people have good awareness and knowledge, it doesn’t lead them to good practices in solid waste disposal. Different gender, age, and income of respondents are significantly influence the knowledge and awareness of respondents. The findings of this study are significant for local governments to strive toward effective solid waste management in rural areas.

Geoheritage Potential of Bukit Panau, Kelantan, Malaysia

Bukit Panau (Panau Hill) is an isolated hill located in Pasir Mas District, in between Tanah Merah and Pasir Mas town, in the state of Kelantan, Malaysia. It is increasingly popular with tourists, especially those who enjoy trekking. The first discovery of Sauropod in this location was a piece of shocking news for not only Kelantan, but also the whole country. However, there are many arguments regarding the actual existence of this fossil in this area. Bukit Panau is geologically composed of igneous and sedimentary rocks. This paper aims to assess the geoheritage potential of Bukit Panau based on three stages: the qualitative assessment, quantitative assessment and evaluation. The qualitative assessment focused on identifying the geodiversity, geoheritage values, scope, scale and level of significance. The quantitative evaluation was split into two parts: one for possible geotourism sites, and the other just for potential for geoheritage based on calculations and an equation that was provided. SWOT analysis was the final technique, which was evaluation. Based on this study at Bukit Panau, five geoheritage values have been identified: scientific, aesthetic, recreational, cultural, and ecological values.The level of significance for this area is regional and the geoheritage feature scale is small to medium based on our assessment. The quantitative assessment showed that this study area was about right to become a geotourism site and high in terms of geoheritage potential.

Building Information Modelling Industry Centre of Excellence (BIM ICoE) for Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA (KKTM), Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA)

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a recent digital technology replacing traditional methods that assist the revolution of the construction industry into a digitised model full of information and an integrated computerised framework. The lack of BIM tertiary education and training in Malaysia leads to the need in developing BIM syllabus and training module for the establishment of BIM education knowledge and capabilities. Therefore, the BIM Industry Centre of Excellence (ICoE) for Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) (KKTM) places an endeavour to be established as the first BIM in Pasir Mas Kelantan. The aim of this paper is to examine the critical success factors (CSFs) of the development and implementation of the BIM ICoE for KKTM. This review paper employed scoping from the other researchers of BIM to the ICoE. The result reveals that the industry must introduce the BIM as soon as possible to encourage rapid improvement in the BIM adoption. Besides that, this BIM ICoE will be beneficial to industry players by enhancing more collaborations with MARA, which is eventually supporting the MARA Technical Vocational Education Training (TVET) strategic planning.

Problematika Pendirian Rumah Ibadat Umat Minoritas di Kalimantan Selatan

This article describes how problematic the construction of houses of worship for minorities is in South Kalimantan. This article is the result of field research with a qualitative approach and used observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. This finding state that the causes of conflicts over the construction of houses of worship for minorities in South Kalimantan are motivated by several factors, namely the different interpretations of regulations and regulations that are not fully representative. Another cause is socio-religious factors, namely, the majority of people reject the existence of houses of worship of other religions in their vicinity, some even have the view that approving the establishment of houses of worship of other religions is not justified in the Islamic faith, and is not an area of tolerance. Another factor is the politicization of religion in the contestation of regional head elections (Pilkada) and legislative elections (Pileg). Another cause is marriage due to a change of religion which raises suspicion among religious communities. These factors occurred in the construction of the Indonesian Bethel Church (GBI) of Pasir Mas, Banjarmasin City, and the Guan Te Temple, Persada Mas Complex, Banjar Regency.

Non-Linear Autoregressive Dissolved Oxygen Prediction Model for Paddy Irrigation Channel

This study has proposed a non-linear autoregressive model to predict one-day ahead dissolved oxygen in paddy field irrigation channel. A 32-day data is obtained from Kampung Padang To’ La in Pasir Mas, Kelantan using off-the shelf water quality parameter sensors. Analysis has revealed no correlation between dissolved oxygen with pH and electrical conductivity. A non-linear autoregressive model is then developed using the dissolved oxygen measurements and artificial neural network. A prediction model developed using Levenberg- Marquardt algorithm yielded the best results with overall regression of 0.9253. The model has also passed all correlation tests and can therefore, be accepted.

Enhancing School Effectiveness by Implementing Identified and Intrinsic Motivation Among Primary School Teachers

Teacher job motivation is one of the factors that influence school effectiveness. The success of a school can be seen in the achievement of outstanding results and the absence of disciplinary difficulties. As a result, this research was carried out with the aim of identifying the dimensions that affect teachers’ job motivation and school effectiveness in Pasir Mas District Excellence Cluster Primary School, Kelantan. A cross-sectional sampling approach was used in this report, with a questionnaire distributed to 146 teachers from four primary schools in the Pasir Mas district. The data were analyzed using SEM-PLS indicate that the motivational dimensions and intrinsic dimensions for teacher job motivation independent variables are predictors of school effectiveness contingent variables in Pasir Mas District Excellence Cluster Primary School. The study’s implications show that teacher job motivation is significant in attempts to increase school effectiveness. Teachers now play an important part in education by improving the effectiveness of teaching and learning in classrooms. This is seen as very important to maximize student achievement as well as increase the effectiveness of the school because excellent and high -performing students are the result of an effective institution.

Returning to Nothing: The Lost of Malay Settlement in Pasir Mas, Kelantan.

Natural calamities such as earthquakes, landslides, windstorms, and floods are considered disasters according to the degree of disruption they caused to the human population, built environment, or natural ecosystem. Natural disasters are a common occurrence in rural settlements of Malaysia, affecting the lives of the rural population and damaging the rural settlements, agriculture, roads, drainage schemes, and other infrastructure. This threat continues to exist, and disasters are still wreaking havoc in rural areas. However, this disaster is compounded by the current rate of urbanization in the region. Human life conjures a spatial location due to the unique combination of movement and strength that characterizes humans. Humans, unlike trees, are not stationary; yet they require more manmade shelters than other animals, and communities. Humans, in particular, share their space. A loss narrative defines today's place literature: specifically, the loss of the correct link between place and meaning (Cox, 1968; Lynch, 1972; Jacobs Appleyard, 1987; Kunstler, 1993). Simultaneously, this article aims to investigate the disappearance of Malay settlements and discuss some of the implications. In February 2021. a landslide event took place in Pasir Mas, Kelantan. It is an area where researchers used to spend their youth. The objective of this article is to provide a perspective on the disappearance of Malay settlement by studying two theories, namely natural calamity and Malay settlement. The entire idea of this article is the transformation of the components of place characterized by the narrative of loss has enormous planning and design implications, two of which are central here: firstly, the emergence of geographies of place, and secondly, the loss of Malay culture crisis.

The Effect of Rice Husk Ash and Goat Manure on the Growth of Spinach (Amaranthus gangetius)

In the period of the last ten years increased market demand for spinach makes the outlook very promising so it is less optimal for the growth of spinach caused by the soil fertility is low so that the provision of organic material can improve soil fertility through the improvement of soil chemical to support the growth of red spinach. This study aims to determine the dosage of rice husk ash and dose of manure as well as the interaction of dosage that is optimal for the growth and yield of spinach. this research, land villa, Pasir mas which failed to compass with a height of 26 meters above sea level labuhanbatu district in August until December 2020.Research design using group factorial consisting of two factors. The first factor of rice husk ash (A) consists of 4 levels, namely : A0 = 0 ton/ha (control), A1 = 1 ton/ha equivalent to 50 g/m2 (the recommended dose), A2 = 1.5 tons/ha, equivalent to 75 g/m2. The second factor, namely the granting of goat manure (K) with three levels, namely : K0 = 0 ton/ha (control) K1 = 2 ton/ha, equivalent to 200 g/m2 (the recommended dose), K2 = 4 ton/ha, equivalent to 400 g/m2, K3 = 6 ton/ha, equivalent to 600 g/m2. The Parameters measured were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), Weight per Plant Sample (g). The results showed that the administration of goat manure 4 ton/ha, equivalent to 400 g/m2 can increase plant height, leaf number, and weight per plant of spinach while the provision of 1.5 ton/ha, equivalent to 75 g/m2 can increase plant height, number of leaves plant spinach

RUBELLA OUTBREAK AMONG TRAINEES OF NATIONAL SERVICE PROGRAM IN PASIR MAS, KELANTAN, MALAYSIA


 
 
 An outbreak occurred at the National Service Training Camp Cancun Park in Pasir Mas, Kelantan and a subsequent outbreak investigation was carried out to verify the agent of the outbreak and to recommend a control measure. Descriptive (cases series) study was carried from 13th April 2008 to 16th May 2008 at the training camp. The case definition for the outbreak was a person presenting with a maculopapular rash with or without fever from 1st April 2008 and stayed in the training camp. Confirmed cases were clinical cases positive for rubella IgM. Case findings were carried out by the medical team in the camp and from the nearest health centre where the affected person who fit in the clinical case definition was interviewed, clinically examined, and had blood investigations done. A total of 337 persons (280 trainees and 57 camp trainers) who occupied the training centre at the point of the outbreak were purposively included in this study. Out of 337 occupants of the training camp, 22 (6.5% attack rate) fulfilled the case definition and all of them were among trainees. 95% of cases were male and 86% were Malays. 100% had a maculopapular rash, 77% presented with fever, 41% presented with cough and 50% presented with conjunctivitis. Rubella-specific IgM antibody was positive in 59% (n = 13) of the cases. There was no history of vaccination for all the confirmed cases. Control measures taken were strict isolation of the affected trainees, daily surveillance of rash and fever, and health education to promote awareness on symptoms and signs, nature of transmission, prevention, and control of rubella infection to trainees. Rubella is confirmed as the cause of the outbreak based on the clinical and serological analysis. The probable source of the outbreak is the possibility of exposure during a family day at the training camp.