Participation In Social Programs Research Articles

Digital Publik Relation KEMENSOS dalam Pemanfataan Sosial Media

In the rapidly developing digital era, social media has become a highly effective communication tool for various organizations, including government institutions. This study aims to analyze the digital public relations (PR) strategies of the Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs (Kemensos) in utilizing social media, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness and challenges faced. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through content analysis of Kemensos' social media, in-depth interviews with Kemensos officials and digital communication experts, and online surveys of the public to evaluate their perceptions and engagement with Kemensos' social media content. The results show that Kemensos implements various digital PR strategies to increase public awareness and participation in social programs. The published content includes information on social programs, education, and important announcements, presented in various formats such as text, images, and videos. However, Kemensos faces several challenges, such as crisis management and reputation management on social media.This study finds that Kemensos' use of social media significantly influences the public's image and trust in the institution. The level of public engagement with Kemensos' content is also quite high, indicating the effectiveness of the implemented digital communication strategies. However, there is a need to improve responsiveness and crisis management in dealing with issues that arise on social media. Based on these findings, this study provides practical recommendations for Kemensos to enhance their digital PR strategies, including improving content quality, better crisis management, and increasing public engagement. This research also contributes to the development of digital public relations strategies in other government institutions, providing insights for academics and communication practitioners.

Racial-Ethnic Gaps in Pandemic-Related Economic Hardship: Age Differences Among Older Adults.

Racial-ethnic disparities in experiences of economic hardship during the pandemic are well documented in the population overall and among older adults. Existing research shows that this economic hardship was much less common at older than younger ages. Little is known about the intersection of racial-ethnic and age disparities in pandemic-related hardship in later life. This research report investigated racial-ethnic gaps in economic hardship by age group among older adults. Data were from the 2018 and 2020 U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS) including the 2020 coronavirus disease 2019 module. We estimated Heckman-corrected linear probability models to examine differences in experiences of pandemic-related economic hardship in the 2020 HRS by race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, U.S.-born Hispanic, foreign-born Hispanic) across age groups (55-64, 65-74, 75+). In the multivariable analysis, we controlled for sociodemographic characteristics, participation in social programs, pre-existing health conditions and behaviors, and economic resources from the 2018 HRS. Experiences of economic hardship declined with age within each racial-ethnic group. Racial-ethnic gaps in hardship remained at older ages without any controls. However, when all controls were added, racial-ethnic gaps in economic hardship were eliminated for those ages 75+. Individual characteristics prior to the pandemic explained racial-ethnic differences in hardship for the oldest adults (75+) but did not explain gaps for those ages 55-74. Results point to structural factors generating new racial-ethnic gaps in pandemic-related economic hardship among those approaching retirement (ages 55-74) that did not affect the oldest adults (ages 75+).

Материальное положение многодетных семей и факторы роста их доходов

The article analyzes changes in the financial situation of large families in the period from 2018 to 2022 using the data of the Rosstat’s Comprehensive Observation of Living Conditions of the Population for 2018 and 2022. The prevalence of various deprivations among large households and households with children in general is estimated. Changes in household income relative to the poverty line and deprivation level between 2018 and 2022 are calculated. It is shown that despite the improvement in financial status between 2018 and 2022, large families continue to experience significant risks of poverty and deprivation. To assess the factors affecting the incomes of large households, Rosstat data of the Sample Survey of Population Income and Participation in Social Programs (VNDN-2022) were used. Regression analysis shows that employment of adult members of a large family, improvement of their education and qualification level will contribute to the growth of average per capita family income relative to the poverty line. The article outlines proposals for increasing the labor potential of large families, improving their financial situation and reducing poverty.

Persistent Effects of Social Program Participation on the Third Generation

Persistent Effects of Social Program Participation on the Third Generation

Persistent Effects of Social Program Participation on the Third Generation

Persistent Effects of Social Program Participation on the Third Generation

Can financial literacy education reduce the use of Medicaid and SNAP?

In recent decades, we have seen an increase in both the complexity of financial markets and the expectations of individual responsibility for people’s financial decision-making. Policies supporting financial literacy education are promoted as a way to decrease reliance on social safety nets. The assumption is that low levels of financial literacy translate to lower economic outcomes and, thus, increased dependence on social programs. We use the 2018 National Financial Capabilities Study to investigate the possible relationship between high school mandated financial literacy education and social program participation and find no evidence of such a relationship.

Socio-economic aspects of the standard of living of pensioners (On the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

The article considers the material provision of citizens of retirement age and their compliance with real needs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the social challenges of modern pension reform, the subject is the standard of living of pensioners of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The object of the study is pensioners of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The author examines in detail such aspects as the standard of living of pensioners, the real pension size in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the average pension size in the subjects of the Volga Federal District, the level and structure of household income, the health status of pensioners, the problems that cause the greatest concern among residents older than working age living in urban areas, the problems that cause the greatest concern among residents over working age living in rural areas, types of households eligible for social services by age. As a methodological basis of the study, the results of a sample observation of the income of the population and participation in social programs in 2021 and the results of a comprehensive survey of the living conditions of the population in 2021 conducted with the participation of the author were used. As a result, the author concludes that in the conditions of the new pension reform, the social challenge is the low standard of living of pensioners, the growth of whose number in the future will cause the expansion of the social localization of poverty. One of the main results of the study was the identification of the main problems of the standard of living and pension provision in the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is necessary to carry out regular monitoring of the purchasing power of pensions and the total incomes of pensioners. The development of state decisions to improve the level.

The medical, legal, social and educational status of youth with special health care needs in a pediatric and adolescent medicine clinic

Studies have shown that the lack of a structured transitioning of adolescents to adult care has led to adverse consequences, particularly affecting youth with special health care needs (YSHCN). There are low rates of transition planning in this vulnerable group leading to medical complications, increased use of emergency rooms and gaps in care. We examined what parents of YSHCN have been taught and prepared for regarding their child's medical issues, educational support, social support and legal processes in an effort to ensure transition readiness. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients (14–24 y/o) with one or more of the following diagnoses: autism, developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy or seizure disorder, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or down syndrome, who presented to a general pediatric or adolescent medicine hospital-based clinic for an annual physical, follow up visit or form renewal visit. Data regarding demographics, medical history, participation in social programs, discussions of reasons to see a doctor or escalate care to the emergency department, established health care coordinators, identification of an adult doctor to transition care to and discussion of guardianship were recorded from eligible charts. Data from 122 medical charts (general pediatrics, 70; adolescent medicine, 52) were included with 70 patients (57%) being cared for by a general provider and 52 patients (43%) being cared for by a transition-focused provider. The median patient age was 18, with 70% of patients (n = 85) being between the ages of 14 to 17 y/o and 30% of patients (n = 37) being in the transition age range of 18–24 y/o. A significantly greater percentage of patients in the 18–24 y/o age group (35%) than the 14–17 y/o age group (9%) had identified an adult medical provider to transition care. A significantly greater percentage of patients in the 18–24 y/o age group (54%) than the 14–17 y/o age group (29%) had discussed obtaining guardianship. A significantly greater percentage of patients with transition-focused providers (46%) than patients with a general provider (14%) had an established health care coordinator. A significantly greater percentage of patients with transition-focused providers (35%) than patients with a general provider (4%) had identified an adult medical provider to transition to for adult care. Outcomes showed that being in the transition age group (18–24 y/o) and having a transition-focused provider had a positive influence on discussions about the legal and social aspects of care for YSHCN. This emphasizes the importance of having transition focused providers in both general pediatric and adolescent medicine offices, as well as, incorporation of structured transition readiness protocols to ensure a safe transition.

Narrative analysis of exclusion from social participation and loneliness among Black older adults in Ontario, Canada

ABSTRACT Social participation is an effective way to reduce loneliness among older adults. However, little is known about Black older adults’ (BOAs’) poor participation in social programs. This study thus explores the varied factors that shape BOAs’ participation in social programs and services and how lack of social participation contributes to loneliness. 13 BOAs with mean age of 63.8 participated in this narrative study. Misrepresentation of BOAs in social programs and services, lack of opportunity for employment engagement, affordability and accessibility were key themes. These findings highlight the need for integration of strategies to increase cultural diversity in programs in Ontario.

Inequality in literacy skills at kindergarten entry at the intersections of social programs and race

Substantial education policy research focuses on economic and racial/ethnic differences in academic achievement. While previous research explores the extent to which educational disparities exist by one of these margins, little work documents how academic achievement varies at the intersection of economic insecurity and racial/ethnic identity. Using child-level data from Virginia, we document differences at these intersections for children in kindergarten, focusing on the link between social program participation (TANF, SNAP, eligible for free/reduced-price school meals) and literacy and phonological awareness skills, attending to variation between programs and by race/ethnicity. We first compare children in households receiving no, and relatively low, medium, and high support, finding literacy and phonological awareness skills are greatest among children that do not participate in any of the three social programs considered, followed by those who are only eligible for free/reduced-price school meals, and then those who participate in SNAP, and finally those who participate in TANF. These differences are likely to reflect differences in household resources. The primary objective of our paper is to examine the extent to which race modifies the relationship between program participation and PALS scores, and we find that it does; Black and Asian children who participate in public supports typically outperform similar program-participating White children, with Hispanic children lagging further behind.

ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ ОСНОВНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСОВ МЕР СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ НА МАЛОИМУЩИЕ ДОМОХОЗЯЙСТВА

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that poverty and social inequality entail high risks of social tension. In this regard, it is necessary to implement a social policy aimed at reducing poverty and increasing the welfare of the population. To achieve this task, measures should have a high degree of effectiveness, which makes the issue of identifying the most promising measures from the point of view of reducing poverty very relevant. The purpose of the study is to determine such sets of social support measures based on sample observation data of population income and participation in social programs for 2022. In this regard, the object of the study was social support for low-income citizens. The subject of the paper is measures of state social support for citizens living in low-income households in the Russian Federation and their comparative effectiveness. In the course of the study, methods of analysis, calculation methods, comparison, and abstraction were used. Thus, the prevalence of state social support measures and their complexes among the poor population, their impact on the welfare of low-income households, and the reduction of their monetary income deficit were determined. In addition, households were grouped according to their income level relative to the poverty line. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions were drawn about further possible ways of developing state social support measures. The research results and proposals presented in the article can be used in assessing the effectiveness of social support measures by government agencies and in developing new social support measures.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ДЕТСКИХ ПОСОБИЙ И КОМПЕНСАЦИОННЫХ ВЫПЛАТ НА СНИЖЕНИЕ УРОВНЯ БЕДНОСТИ В РЕГИОНАХ РФ

The object of the research is low-income (poor) households with children and their incomes. The subject of the study is state social assistance in the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of social assistance measures for families with children on reducing poverty. The methods of research include structural analysis, comparative approach, methods of statistical processing of information, and general scientific methods of cognition. Based on the study the main directions of social assistance for families with children as the main group of the poor population of Russia are systematized. The analysis of the monetary incomes of households with children and a quantitative assessment of the impact of social assistance measures on reducing their poverty in the Russian regions is made on the basis of micro data of the Statistical Survey of Income and Participation in Social Programs for 2021 (VNDN-2021). The research results demonstrate the contribution of child social benefits and compensation payments in reducing the poverty of families with children and its scale. At the same time, the size of social benefits is inadequate to compensate for the money income deficit of poor households. The scope of research results application: the analytical data, research conclusions, and recommendations can be used by executive authorities at the federal and regional levels in the development and implementation of poverty reduction mechanisms in Russian regions.

EMPOWERMENT OF FISHER-FOLK IN KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT

The main aim of the study is to study the socio-cultural empowerment of sher-folk and the economic empowerment of sher-folk in Kanyakumari district. Primary data has been used in this paper. Primary data were collected on the basis of questionnaire prepared on the light of the objectives of the study. The sizes of the samples are 150 sher-folk. These sample respondents were selected by taking 30 from ve villages of the study area. These samples were selected purposively. The questionnaire was designed with two main characteristics viz., open ended and close ended according to the nature of information. Collected data were analyzed through the use of various statistical tools like ANOVA. The data were analyzed in order to make the study more informative and useful to the readers. It is found that the important socio-cultural empowerment among the sher-folk are in the age group of 20 to 30 years are attending cultural programmes and exercising the voting rights. Among the sher-folk are in the age group of above 50 years, the important socio-cultural empowerment are extending the support for social causes and participation in the awareness programmes to eradicate anti social activities. Age wise there is a signicant difference in the socio-cultural empowerment are identied in the case of participation in social programmes, attending social functions, exercising the voting rights and attending cultural programmes.

Predictors of maternal knowledge on early childhood development in highly marginalized communities in Mexico: Implications for public policy

IntroductionEfforts to identify the predictors of maternal knowledge on Early Child Development (ECD) have proven inconclusive thus far, particularly with respect to socially deprived contexts in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). We quantified the extent of ECD knowledge among mothers who were the primary caregivers of 0–38-month-old infants in marginalized communities in Mexico. We also explored the characteristics of the children, both individually and with regard to their households, given the influence of these factors on childhood development. MethodsWe analyzed primary data obtained through a questionnaire administered to mothers who were the primary caregivers of 1045 girls and boys 0–38 months of age. The instrument was specifically designed for our study in order to explore the knowledge of participants about physical, neurological and psycho-affective development during childhood. We performed fractional regression analysis to assess the predictors of ECD knowledge. ResultsThe mean score of maternal ECD knowledge increased with their age and schooling as well as with their levels of cognitive ability and self-esteem. Irrespective of age at first birth, mean knowledge was relatively high for women with high school education and low for women with elementary or no formal education, a gradient with respect to age at fist birth was more marked among women with middle school education. ECD knowledge scores increased among mothers from households enjoying higher socioeconomic levels and from households with health insurance. Scores were lower for indigenous households regardless of their participation in social programs. ConclusionPublic policies on ECD should promote programs that are not only adapted to specific contexts, but also designed to improve shared child-rearing, early childhood care and as well as psycho-emotional education skills as a pathway to healthier ECD. The participation of families and communities in sensitive childhood care should form part of multisectoral programs involving education, health and wellbeing.

Households at Risk of Poverty: Regional Aspect

The article reviews the main approaches to the definition and measurement of poverty, the author's definition of the poverty profile is given. Based on the data of Statistical Survey of Income and Participation in Social Programs 2019 by Rosstat the tools for constructing and analyzing the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the population with average monthly per capita monetary incomes from 1.0 to 1.2 subsistence minimum (PM), located in the zone of increased risk of crossing the official poverty line are developed and tested. The modal characteristics of the population in the zone of increased risk of poverty both in Russia and in the North Caucasus and Volga Federal Districts separately are studied. Methods of work: dialectical method of cognition, systematic approach, structural analysis, methods of statistical processing of information, comparisons and groupings, general scientific methods of cognition (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, etc.). As a result of the conducted research, the causes and specifics of regional poverty of the Russian population are determined and categories of families (households) are identified with average monthly per capita monetary incomes from 1.0 to 1.2 PM, who have the highest risks of poverty. The scope of application of the results obtained - the results of the analysis of the characteristics of families at risk of poverty contained in the work can be used by federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the development of preventive measures to prevent the population near the poverty line from falling into the category of poor.

PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE EDUCATORS IN CONDITIONS OF PEDAGOGICAL COLLEGES

The article defines and substantiates the pedagogical conditions of the formation of professional competence of future educators of preschool institutions as a complex of activities in the pedagogical process. The scientific researches concerning the categorical apparatus of the research were analyzed, the professionally oriented interpretation of the concept of pedagogical conditions were highlighted; we found out that scientists identify different types of pedagogical conditions that ensure the functioning and effective development of the pedagogical system, among which the most common organizational and pedagogical, psychological, pedagogical and didactic conditions. The author’s vision of the key concepts of the outlined topic (pedagogical conditions, activities of the pedagogical process, professional competence, professional training, quality of education) is presented; the conditions which should be considered at formation of the competent expert were defined. A questionnaire was developed and a monitoring survey was conducted on the quality of teaching and learning as conditions for the successful formation of a competent specialist; the analysis of the received results of the survey were presented. According to the results of the survey, it is established that the priority in professional training is the practical orientation of the educational process. It was ascertained that in the scientific pedagogical works of scientists, insufficient attention was paid to the consideration of the issue of the peculiarities of professional training in the conditions of professional higher education, which provides for the further development of empirical research methods and scientific analysis of the results obtained.The narratives of effective theoretical and practical training of applicants for the specialty of preschool education were determined. Were proved the constructiveness of measures aimed at the implementation of pedagogical conditions — active forms, methods and innovative teaching aids; organization of practical training as the basis for the formation of a competent specialist; extracurricular work, participation in social programs, cluster-based clubs.

Food insecurity in pregnant women is associated with social determinants and nutritional outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The association between FI, social determinants, and nutritional outcomes for pregnant women are analyzed. A systematic review was conducted through a search of articles in five electronic databases. Social determinants (race, education, participation in social programs) and nutritional status (pre-gestational BMI, gestational weight gain, anemia) were analyzed in relation to the FI situation. For each article, the frequency of food insecurity was collected in order to calculate the summary measure, prevalence ratio (PR). 26 articles were selected. An elevated occurrence of FI was associated with black pregnant women (PR: 1.83, 95% CI 1.08-3.10), participation in social protection programs (PR = 1.43, 1.02-2.01), and with low education levels on the part of pregnant women (PR = 2.73, 1.68-4.43). FI increased the chances of being overweight (PR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.29-1.91) and obese (PR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.15-1.87) in pregnant women, as well as excessive weight gain (PR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.10-1.82) and inadequate weight gain (PR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.09-1.97) during pregnancy. Anemia was not associated with FI. Social inequities are associated with food and nutritional insecurity in pregnant women.

Гендерные аспекты бедности в России: абсолютный и многокритериальный подход

Poverty is rather high in contemporary Russia: every eighth Russian was poor according to the official statistics in 2018. Fighting poverty is among the top strategic development goals for the period till 2024. The paper studies gender disparities in poverty among Russian adults. Better understanding of gender structure of poverty in Russia would facilitate poverty reduction via better targeting and better tailoring of policy instruments. We utilize micro data of the Survey of income and social program participation by Rosstat as of 2017 for our statistical analysis. Two alternative poverty concepts are used: absolute income poverty (the official methodology of poverty measurement in Russia) and poverty risk and social exclusion index (the key component of poverty monitoring indicator in the EU). The latter index is a composition of relative poverty and deprivation poverty measures. Our results indicate that, on average, there is no gender poverty gap in Russia when absolute poverty concept is used: poverty rates among males and females are the same on average. Hence, we find no statistical support to the widely used by the media thesis of poverty feminization in Russia. Absolute poverty rate, however, is found to vary significantly across different gender-age groups: absolute income poverty among females is higher than among males in young and senior ages, while males are poorer in mid-age groups. When multiple criteria definition of poverty and social exclusion (AROPE) is applied, we find clear signs of feminization of poverty in Russia. Multidimensional poverty is much higher among females, and this is observed in all age groups. The highest gender poverty gap is observed in senior ages. The age-gender poverty structure changes dramatically when we move from absolute poverty concept to the multidimensional one: we observe higher share of females in poverty, and higher share of senior people in poverty. The key determinants of higher multidimensional poverty of females is their relatively (to males) lower wages, and relatively lower pensions.

Can Financial Literacy Education Reduce the Use of Medicaid and SNAP?

In recent decades, we have seen an increase in both the complexity of financial markets and the expectation of individual responsibility with financial decision-making. Policies supporting financial literacy education are promoted as one method toward decreasing reliance on social safety nets. The assumption being that low levels of financial literacy translate to lower economic outcomes and thus an increased probability of dependence on social programs. We use the 2018 National Financial Capabilities Study to examine the relationship between high school mandated financial literacy education and social program participation and find no evidence of a relationship.

Characteristics of compulsory service programs for medical professionals in the Andean states

There are few studies on the impact of social service programs on health in the professional development of doctors in the Andean States (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela). The purpose of these programs is to increase the availability of human resources in health in rural and remote areas. To describe the regulations of social service programs for medical professionals in the Andean countries. We carried out a bibliographic review of normative documents concerning the social service for medical professionals using websites of governments of the Andean States as data sources. We sought to obtain information regarding service conditions, funding of these programsincluding remunerations, and means of program allocation. Additionally, we used PubMed/MEDLINE to find complementary information on mandatory social services in these countries. Social service for medical professionals is established under a regulatory framework in all the Andean countries, except for Argentina, where this program does not exist. Participants receive remuneration (except in Bolivia, where students perform the service). The allocation systems used for these programs are heterogeneous, and in some Andean countries, the allocation is merit-based. Participation in social programs influences later professional opportunities (Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela) and the ability to specialize (Chile and Peru). It is necessary to study the impact of these programs on the professional development of the participants to design and implement quality improvement strategies tailored to each context.