Participation In Productive Activities Research Articles

University Students’ Productive Engagement: A Study from COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh

Abstract: The purpose of the study is to encapsulate the engagement of university students in diversified productive activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the pre-COVID situation. A total of 215 responses from university students representing both males (60.5%) and females (39.5%) were collected through an online survey and the questionnaire included both open and closed-ended questions. The result shows the involvement of 32.1 percent of students in different volunteering, 61.4 percent in different self-development, and 53.5 percent in various income-generating activities during the period of COVID-19 academic shutdown together with various challenges faced by the students for not being engaged in any of these productive activities during this period. The findings also revealed that time spent on each category of activities remained higher during the COVID-19 situation than in the pre-COVID period. Online involvement (27%) during the COVID-19 restricted period and physical involvement (40.9%) in the pre-COVID period have dominated their manner of participation in productive activities. The outcome of the present study and the model generated by the authors will promote the scope to know more comprehensively about students’ engagement in different productive activities giving them important insight to utilize their valuable time and future course of action amid the loss of the COVID-19 pandemic with the support from public and private organizations, educational institutions. The value of these findings and the associated model can be used to create a suitable ambiance for doing productive activities for university students and for being proactive.

Engagement in productive activities and suicidal ideation among female older adults in South Korea

Despite the rapid increase in the older population in South Korea, the quality of life of older adults remains low. The suicide rate of older adults in South Korea is among the highest of all OECD countries. Using data from 2012 (wave 4) to 2020 (wave 8) of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF), this study examined the effects of participation in productive activities on suicidal ideation among South Korean female older adults. This study derived three key findings. First, although there were differences regarding the type of productive activity, participation in productive activity could reduce the probability of experiencing suicidal ideation. Participation in housework as a productive activity related to daily life had the greatest marginal effect. Second, the more productive activities one participated in, the lower the likelihood of suicidal ideation. Third, the economic and health status of older women had a significant effect on suicidal ideation. The marginal effect of health status was greater than that of economic status. This study not only makes an academic contribution but also has policy implications for the field of public health.

Investigating the Effects of COVID-19 Prevalence on Demographic Variables and Its Relationship With Social Participation

Background: Because COVID-19 has become a pandemic, public health measures to cut off human-to-human transmission may include quarantine and social isolation. This study aims to demonstrate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on demographic variables and their relationship to the level of social participation during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: In June 2020, the community integration questionnaire (CIQ) was transcribed along with the required demographic information on a web-based platform. A total of 461 people (Mean±SD age: 36.86±5.8 years) completed the questionnaire in a cross-sectional study. The effects of COVID-19 on social interaction were then calculated by analyzing the community integration questionnaire scores before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 and the data were analyzed using the SPSS software, version 26. Results: Quarantine measures had the most damage in the reference group (participants under 24 years old) (P<0.001) compared to before the COVID-19 outbreak. Except for participation in productive activities (compared to the elderly) (P<0.001), in all cases and among all age groups, integration and the total score of the questionnaire decreased. Conclusion: Psychosocial stress and reduced participation in social and life spheres are the results of quarantine measures and social distancing. Meanwhile, the participation rate of the under 24 years old age group significantly decreased in all areas. Following that, the older age group had a significant decrease in social participation. The results of this study can be used to prioritize the vaccination of different people in the community according to the amount of damage caused by COVID-19.

Broadband, effective labor, and economic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic period: evidence from a cross-country study

Abstract Purpose This study attempts to explore the mechanism of how broadband influences economic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic period, and examine different impacts of fixed and mobile broadband on economic growth during this period. Design/methodology/approach The panel data regression method and across-country data are used to estimate the impacts of fixed broadband and mobile broadband on economic growth rate. Findings The mobile broadband penetration rate and the mobile broadband network size have positive and significant correlations with economic growth rate during 2020–2021. Practical implications The findings have the policy implications that governments should promote the diffusion of mobile broadband especially 5G to sustain economic growth during the time of the pandemic. Social implications The diffusion of mobile broadband and 5G further facilitates telework mode. Originality/value This study theorizes the role of broadband in economic growth by proposing a new concept – effective labor – which reflects the extent of labor participation in productive activities when the containment measures of the pandemic are implemented.

Komunikasi Pemasaran Cinderamata Khas Banten Produk Warga Kampung Pekijing

MARKETING COMMUNICATION OF SPECIAL BANTEN SOUVENIR PRODUCTS PEKIJING VILLAGE. Pekijing, is a village located in Kalanganyar Village, Serang City, has shown its existence by becoming a Tourism Village established by the Serang City Government in 2021. Pekijing Village continues to improve by carrying out various community empowerment efforts. One of them is structuring and increasing the capacity of human resources in the management of natural resources. There are many MSME products produced by Pekijing residents, such as various woven bamboo, carvings, miniature Banten towers, key chains, local specialties, to products made from plastic waste, such as flowers, or mats and mask connectors. However, obstacles are still being faced, namely the problem of capital and product marketing to be accepted by the market. To optimize the Marketing of Banten Special Souvenirs for the Pekijing Village residents, the Master of Communication Studies Program at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University Conducts Community Service activities in Pekijing Village, to help encourage active community participation in production activities, creativity development and marketing of the products owned. The community is encouraged not only to be creative in building tourist destinations and production, but also to have a role as marketing by optimizing public spaces in the digital realm, especially in the use of online stores, social media, such as Facebook, YouTube, Instagram and Tiktok.

Socioecology shapes child and adolescent time allocation in twelve hunter-gatherer and mixed-subsistence forager societies

A key issue distinguishing prominent evolutionary models of human life history is whether prolonged childhood evolved to facilitate learning in a skill- and strength-intensive foraging niche requiring high levels of cooperation. Considering the diversity of environments humans inhabit, children’s activities should also reflect local social and ecological opportunities and constraints. To better understand our species’ developmental plasticity, the present paper compiled a time allocation dataset for children and adolescents from twelve hunter-gatherer and mixed-subsistence forager societies (n = 690; 3–18 years; 52% girls). We investigated how environmental factors, local ecological risk, and men and women’s relative energetic contributions were associated with cross-cultural variation in child and adolescent time allocation to childcare, food production, domestic work, and play. Annual precipitation, annual mean temperature, and net primary productivity were not strongly associated with child and adolescent activity budgets. Increased risk of encounters with dangerous animals and dehydration negatively predicted time allocation to childcare and domestic work, but not food production. Gender differences in child and adolescent activity budgets were stronger in societies where men made greater direct contributions to food production than women. We interpret these findings as suggesting that children and their caregivers adjust their activities to facilitate the early acquisition of knowledge which helps children safely cooperate with adults in a range of social and ecological environments. These findings compel us to consider how childhood may have also evolved to facilitate flexible participation in productive activities in early life.

Early release from prison with electronic monitoring: Hook for or hindrance to change?

In Finland, prisoners can be placed outside prison with electronic monitoring up to 6 months before their regular conditional release. This supervised probationary freedom entails electronic monitoring in one’s own home, participation in productive activities (work, education and rehabilitation), and other specified forms of supervision. This article explores prisoners’ experiences of early release with electronic monitoring by analysing qualitative interviews with 18 prisoners before and after their release from prison. Using the desistance theory of cognitive transformation, the author argues that while early release with electronic monitoring can function as a ‘hook for change’, inherent elements of the programme serve to hinder change and desistance from crime. Even if the combination of control and social support characterizing the Finnish regime of early release with electronic monitoring can help to promote social integration, it creates a vast and demanding sentence less successful in integrating prisoners into the labour market.

Research on the influence of job embeddedness on individuals with different initiative

‘How to improve individual initiative’ has become an important subject facing current researchers and practitioners. This study attempts to answer this question from the perspective of on-the-job embeddedness based on social cognitive theory, organization attachment theory and cognitive neural experiment. We revealed the differences in the effects of three dimensions of on-the-job embeddedness on individuals with different initiative by event-related potential (ERP) cognitive neural experiment. The experimental results showed that the effect on high-initiative individuals was in the descending order of organization fit, organization link, organization sacrifice; the effect on general-initiative individuals was in the descending order of organization link, organization fit, organization sacrifice; the effect on low-initiative individuals was in the descending order of organization sacrifice, organization link, organization fit. The ultimate goal is to put forward management strategies for individuals with different initiative from these three dimensions, to promote their initiative level and active participation in production activities.

Olimpiada de lengua para sordos una experiencia lingüística y educativa

En Venezuela, las personas sordas cuentan con el reconocimiento de la lengua de señas venezolana (LSV) que los constituye como comunidad lingüística minoritaria. Las investigaciones acerca de las producciones en LSV y la relación de las personas sordas con el español oral y escrito, se han incrementado, de donde surgió la investigación que se reporta en este artículo y cuyo objeto fue estudiar la situación de las unidades educativas del área de Educación Especial y la discapacidad auditiva, en relación con el español escrito, para organizar actividades que estimulen su uso como segunda lengua en los niños y jóvenes sordos. Para ello el método fue la investigación acción participante, se partió de un diagnóstico de la situación, que dio cuenta de las dificultades en la relación espontánea de los Sordos con el código escrito, por tanto, se planificó la Olimpiada de lengua para niños y jóvenes sordos en el estado Aragua, se ejecutó y evaluó su impacto en la comunidad. La Olimpiada tuvo como objetivo fundamental, estimular el uso de los textos escritos en español por niños y jóvenes sordos; propiciar su participación en actividades de producción y comprensión de textos escritos y en LSV a partir de distintos contextos lingüísticos. Al evaluar la ejecución de la Olimpiada se obtuvo como resultado la participación activa de los niños y jóvenes sordos en la producción de textos a partir de la narración y lectura de cuentos; la comprensión de narraciones, expresadas en forma escrita, lengua de señas y la dramatización.

Reindustrialization in the conditions of new technological revolution: Road to the future

In today’s economy, technological leadership is the only way to overcome the gap and dependence on developed countries. The purpose of the paper is to show the necessity, conditions and results of the reindustrialization in Russia based on the latest technological advantages. The methodological basis of the research is the theories and concepts of technological development. The author applies general scientific methods of observation and collection of facts, analysis and synthesis, logical and retrospective analysis. The shifts in the material conditions of production highlight a qualitative increase in knowledge-intensity of production. The structure and the substance of human needs and the forms of production organization are also changing. This tendency can result in the displacement of human from material production. The criteria of economic rationality will be receding into the background, since they do not prevent man-made environmental degradation and do not ensure meeting the real, but not imaginary or pretended needs. Economy, therefore, will be replaced by noonomy that is a non-economic mode of organization of production activity. People from the outside will regulate production as the external sphere for them. Since human is eliminated the production process, social relationships will no longer be determined by human participation in production activities. The research results are of value when developing the fundamentals of new technological revolution and conceiving the role of reindustrialization in this context.

Creating a common world through action: what participation in community activities means to older people

AbstractAs a response to demographic ageing, various governments have been promoting social policies that promote older people's participation in productive activities, including those outside the formal labour market. Nevertheless, older people's behaviours do not simply reflect government policies and intentions. This paper explores how older people themselves interpret their social roles within a policy context that seeks to position them as providers of welfare through their participation in community activities. For this purpose, this paper draws on a qualitative case study of older people in Japan engaging in health promotion and mutual aid among local residents. By employing Hannah Arendt's distinction between the human activities of labour, work and action as a conceptual framework, it finds that although the purported purpose of community activities was to substitute decreasing pensions and family care or to create a better community, participants in this study valued their activities as a process of creating new relations and new realities through action. The paper argues that while labour has occupied a predominant position in the post-war welfare paradigm, community activities by an expanding population of older people may offer opportunities for action, which were not always available through paid work or care-giving in the household.

Myth-Busting? Confronting Six Common Perceptions about Unconditional Cash Transfers as a Poverty Reduction Strategy in Africa.

This paper summarizes evidence on six perceptions associated with cash transfer programming, using eight rigorous evaluations conducted on large-scale government unconditional cash transfers in sub-Saharan Africa under the Transfer Project. Specifically, it investigates if transfers: 1) induce higher spending on alcohol or tobacco; 2) are fully consumed (rather than invested); 3) create dependency (reduce participation in productive activities); 4) increase fertility; 5) lead to negative community-level economic impacts (including price distortion and inflation); and 6) are fiscally unsustainable. The paper presents evidence refuting each claim, leading to the conclusion that these perceptions—insofar as they are utilized in policy debates—undercut potential improvements in well-being and livelihood strengthening among the poor, which these programs can bring about in sub-Saharan Africa, and globally. It concludes by underscoring outstanding research gaps and policy implications for the continued expansion of unconditional cash transfers in the region and beyond.

Rectal Cancer Survivors' Participation in Productive Activities.

Rectal cancer and its treatment impair survivors' productivity. To assess determinants of market and nonmarket employment, job search, volunteering, and homemaking among survivors five years or longer after diagnosis. We mailed questionnaires to 1063 survivors who were members of Kaiser Permanente (Northern California, Northwest) during 2010 and 2011. Productive activities, functional health status, and bowel management at the time of the survey. Response rate was 60.5% (577/953). Higher comorbidity burdens were associated with lower productivity for men and women rectal cancer survivors. Productive survivors were younger and had lower disease stage and age at diagnosis, higher household income and educational attainment, and fewer comorbidity burdens and workplace adjustments than did nonproductive survivors (p < 0.05 each; 2-sided). Productive rectal cancer survivors were evenly split by sex. Staying productive is associated with better mental health for rectal cancer survivors. Rectal cancer survivors with multiple chronic conditions, higher disease stage, lower productive activities, and older age need better access to medical care and closer monitoring of the quality of their care, including self-care. To capture the full extent of the involvement of survivors in all types of productive activities, research should routinely include measures of employment, searching for employment, homemaking, and volunteering. Counting market and nonmarket productive activities is innovative and recognizes the continuum of contributions survivors make to families and society. Health care systems should routinely monitor rectal cancer survivors' medical care access, comorbidities, health-related quality of life, and productive activities.

English

Rural areas of Ethiopia strikingly vary in terms of social and economic structure, geography and culture. The same is true for rural women’s participation in productive activities. Likewise rural women of Gamo Gofa Zone are experiencing inadequate right to access different productive resources like land and other resources they require. This study therefore, intends to identify the existing rural women’s access to productive resources and its effect on the stated poverty reduction strategy in the study area. The study explicitly reflect as the rural agriculture sector, where gender inequalities in access to productive resources are persistent, undermining a sustainable and inclusive development of the sector and their contribution for poverty reduction. Key words: Rural women, access to, domestic chores, division of labor, poverty reduction.

Linking Quality of Work in Midlife to Volunteering During Retirement: a European Study.

There is increasing recognition that disadvantaged work and employment conditions over the life course, including psychosocial stress at work, have negative long-term effects on health at older ages. Yet, the question whether stress at work additionally influences the likelihood of participating in voluntary work during retirement still needs to be explored. This paper studies long-term influences of stressful work during adulthood (as defined by low control and low reward at work) on participation in voluntary work in older ages. Analyses are based on the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), with detailed retrospective information on individual life courses collected among 11,751 retired men and women in 13 European countries. Results of multivariable analyses demonstrate that people who experienced stressful work are also less likely to participate in voluntary work during retirement. Importantly, these associations remain significant after controlling for important factors, including disability in older ages and disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances. In conclusion, findings suggest that promoting good working conditions may not only increase health and well-being, but also encourage participation in productive activities after labour market exit.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12062-015-9129-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Participation in Productive Activities and Health Outcomes Among Older Adults in Urban China

This study examined whether participating in productive activities was associated with better health outcomes among older adults in urban China, including analysis of potential gender differences. Using a sample of 10,016 urban Chinese adults aged 60 years or older from the 2006 Sample Survey of the Aged Population in Urban/Rural China, we regressed measures of self-rated health, functional health, and depression on productive activities (paid employment, helping with family, and volunteering), controlling for sociodemographic variables. Those who provided assistance to family members or volunteered had significantly lower levels of depression and better functional and self-rated health than their counterparts. Older adults with paid job, providing family assistance, or volunteering reported significantly lower levels of depression and better functional and self-rated health than those without those activities. However, only older men with paid employment reported significantly less depression, and the effect of family assistance on functional health also differed by gender. As research increasingly demonstrates the role of productive activities in maintaining health among older adults, our findings can help practitioners or policy makers strategically select or develop health programs to promote productive activities among older adults in urban China.

A perceived-control based model to understanding the effects of co-production on satisfaction

This article represents an initial effort to analyze the complex linkages among co-production, perceived control and satisfaction. Co-production refers to the consumer participation in production activities and is here considered a proxy for behavioral control as it allows consumers to have some control over the process of the desired product or service. Considering the increase of co-production in consumption activities, understanding the linkage between the control from the co-production process and the satisfaction toward the related consumption may be quite useful to firms interested in adopting such a managerial tool. Two experimental studies - one in a service setting and the other in a product setting - show that co-production positively affects customer's satisfaction through the mediating effect of perceived control. Information gain and refund choice, representing cognitive and decisional controls respectively, also enhance customers' perceived control.

Participation in productive activities and depression among older Europeans: Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)

Although engagement in productive activities is associated with favourable outcomes with respect to the health and well-being of older individuals, the association between such activities and depression in older populations remains relatively unexplored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association among five productive activities (paid work, formal volunteering, caregiving, informal helping and caring for grandchildren) with depression in older adults in 14 European countries. This cross-sectional study used the first two waves of data collected by the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and analysed a total sample of 7238 relatively healthy community residents aged 60 years and older from 14 European countries. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe excluded potential participants with a past history of depression, cognitive impairment and physical limitations. Depression was categorised using the EURO-D instrument, and associations with participating in productive activities were investigated. Depression was less prevalent among those individuals who were employed or self-employed and those who participated in formal volunteering or informal helping, whereas caregiving was associated with a higher risk of depression. Caring for grandchildren was not associated positively or negatively with depression. Formal volunteering and caregiving remained associated with depression after adjustment for age, sex, marital status, education, economic status, country and presence of long-term illness. Availability of formal volunteering may be important in reducing depression risk, whereas caregiving is associated with a higher risk of depression in older European adults. Further research is required to clarify the direction of causation and evaluate interventions.

Productive Activity and Life Satisfaction in Korean Elderly Women

The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of participation in productive activities on life satisfaction and its implications for social evaluation of productive aging. This study uses data collected from 1,250 elderly women living in urban areas. The regression model was used to examine the influence of elderly women's participation in productive activities on their life satisfaction. Elderly women who participate in volunteer work, learning, and social group activities commonly recognized their activities as meaningful, feeling like worthwhile members of society, and evaluated such activities as very positive. In contrast, elderly women who participated in household chores and family care activities expressed a negative life satisfaction. The difference in life satisfaction regarding productive activities stems not only from the physical and environmental differences but also from the gap between the official social value underpinned by the recognition of surrounding people, their support, and the value of productive activities.

Ascertaining Impact Of Economic Conditions Of Pakistan On Women Working In Industrial Sector Of Karachi

Economic conditions and economic policies are major factors influencing labour force participation rate, division of labour, conditions of work and overall impact on the society. In Pakistan, women participation in productive activities have increased due to globalization, increasing ratio of education, international and national commitments to reduce gender discrimination and poverty but the quality of work conditions and change in status and position of women needs consideration. This research shows that ratio of female labour force participation in industrial sector of Karachi has not shown significant increase, conditions of work has not improved, yet more and more women are pushed into the workforce due to poverty. Further, the analysis of secondary data of selected indicators shows less improvement in macroeconomic conditions creating a difficult economic situation for general population and women in particular. A gender analysis of selected macroeconomic indicators shows that the economic policies adopted in 1980s and onwards lead to weak economy there by leading to increase in poverty and stagnation of employment opportunities for women in industries. Further it suggests for conscious efforts to adopt policies focusing not only on increase of women in paid jobs but improved work conditions there by leading to empowerment of women.