Participation In Entrepreneurial Activities Research Articles

Evaluation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Culture Atmosphere in Universities Based on Sentiment Analysis

The entrepreneurship culture atmosphere in universities plays a pivotal role in shaping the mindset and behavior of students towards innovation and risk-taking. Through sentiment analysis, universities can gauge the prevailing attitudes and emotions towards entrepreneurship among students and faculty members. A positive entrepreneurship culture atmosphere fosters an environment of creativity, resilience, and collaboration, encouraging students to pursue entrepreneurial ventures and take calculated risks. By promoting a supportive ecosystem that celebrates failure as a learning opportunity and provides resources and mentorship for budding entrepreneurs, universities can cultivate an entrepreneurial spirit among their community members. Moreover, sentiment analysis enables universities to identify areas for improvement and tailor interventions to enhance the entrepreneurship culture atmosphere further. This paper presents an evaluation of the innovation and entrepreneurship culture atmosphere in universities using sentiment analysis, enhanced by Automated Recommender Probabilistic bi-gram Sentimental Analysis (ARPbi-gSA). The research aims to assess the prevailing sentiments and attitudes towards innovation and entrepreneurship among students and faculty members within university communities. Through the analysis of textual data from various sources such as social media posts, surveys, and academic literature, the ARPbi-gSA algorithm evaluates the sentiment expressed towards entrepreneurship initiatives, programs, and events. Results from sentiment analysis provide insights into the overall positivity or negativity surrounding the entrepreneurship culture atmosphere, identifying strengths and areas for improvement. The sentiment analysis conducted using ARPbi-gSA revealed a sentiment score of 0.75, indicating a predominantly positive sentiment towards entrepreneurship initiatives within the university. Out of 1000 social media posts analyzed, 650 expressed positive sentiments, while 250 were neutral, and 100 were negative, reflecting an overall positive sentiment towards entrepreneurship culture. Based on the sentiment analysis findings, the ARPbi-gSA algorithm provided recommendations for enhancing the entrepreneurship culture atmosphere, resulting in a 15% increase in student participation in entrepreneurial activities over the academic year.

The Effects of Entrepreneurship Leadership on Youth Entrepreneurial Intentions Post-COVID-19: The Case of Gauteng

The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of entrepreneurship leadership on youth’s entrepreneurial intentions in Gauteng province, South Africa. To test this relationship and attempt to answer the research question, “To what extent does entrepreneurship leadership influence youth entrepreneurial intentions post-COVID-19?” a conceptual model supported by the theory of Planned Behaviour was adopted. Data were collected from 825 youths in Gauteng province, South Africa, through a self-administered questionnaire. The Likert scale was applied to the questionnaire. Entrepreneurship leadership was observed to directly relate to attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived environmental support and entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial action. Furthermore, the results provide evidence that the three antecedents of entrepreneurial intention: attitude towards entrepreneurship, perceived entrepreneurial abilities and perceived COVID-19 environment influence entrepreneurial intention. Participation in entrepreneurship leadership was observed to positively influence youth intentions to become entrepreneurs. Furthermore, policymakers are encouraged to ensure the implementation of regulations that are conducive to business operations and stimulate youth participation in entrepreneurial activities. The obtained results suggest that attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived environmental support are observed to completely and partially mediate (respectively) the relationship between three independent variables (entrepreneurship leadership, perceived post-COVID-19 environment and entrepreneurship education) and entrepreneurship intention. Leadership in entrepreneurship is crucial as it creates direction for the business in the post-COVID-19 era. This study attempts to address the gap in the literature concerning the effects of entrepreneurial factors on entrepreneurial intentions through the use of Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour.

The benefits of having an entrepreneur-mother: Influence of mother's entrepreneurial status on human capital formation among children

Prior research shows that childcare is a unique driver for female entrepreneurship, as entrepreneurship allows women to increase time allocation on child supervision. Yet, whether female entrepreneurship actually promotes childrearing outcomes remains contentious in extant literature. This study focuses on child human capital formation as a key childrearing outcome. Drawing on the occupational inheritance literature, we suggest that, in addition to supervision, entrepreneur-mothers may foster child human capital formation through value transmission—in particular, transmitting self-direction values to children. Using nationally representative data from China, we find that children with entrepreneur-mothers exhibit better human capital formation outcomes—especially when they are younger and female. We further show that both supervision and value transmission are present, with the latter being a more important mechanism. Reconciling conflicting views in the literature, our study has both theoretical and practical implications. Executive summaryPrior female entrepreneurship research suggests that women often choose to be entrepreneurs out of family, particularly childrearing, considerations. Entrepreneurship offers work autonomy and scheduling flexibility, allowing entrepreneur-mothers to better allocate time to childrearing activities. Given that numerous studies document a positive relationship between maternal time allocation and childrearing outcomes, conceivably entrepreneur-mothers should achieve favorable childrearing outcomes. Entrepreneurial research focusing on the business-family interface, however, suggests female entrepreneurs often face unanticipated pressures that limit their ability to care for family members. In addition, some female entrepreneurs may be motivated more by career than by childcare considerations. As such, the relationship between female entrepreneurship and childrearing outcomes remains conceptually and empirically ambiguous. Given the foregoing situation, we examine this relationship both theoretically and empirically, focusing on child human capital formation as a specific and important childrearing outcome.Examining how female entrepreneurship relates to child human capital formation is of both scholarly and practical importance. First, it brings enhanced clarity to our understanding of the family- and child-related consequences of female entrepreneurship, thus affording reconciliation of the ambiguous predictions found in extant theories. Accordingly, we advance research on female entrepreneurship. Exploring the relationship also adds to the family embeddedness perspective in the broader entrepreneurship literature, because child development is a crucial component within the family domain.Second, our research has practical values and policy implications. Prospective female entrepreneurs may, regardless of their pre-entry intentions, be interested in learning how entering entrepreneurship could affect childrearing outcomes. Policymakers worldwide have been actively promoting entrepreneurship in the past few decades, mainly driven by economic and technological considerations. Because such efforts likely increase female participation in entrepreneurial activities, they should be evaluated to account for their family or childrearing consequences in addition to the economic and technological implications. Therefore, we provide evidence which prospective female entrepreneurs and policymakers can use to make informed decisions.To study the effect of female entrepreneurship on child human capital formation, we note that the ambiguous predictions in extant work arise because it predominantly focuses on whether entrepreneur-mothers can allocate more time to childrearing activities, which we call “supervision”. We suggest that this supervision mechanism is not the only way in which the intergenerational impact occurs. Drawing on sociological research in occupational inheritance, we propose that entrepreneur-mothers could foster child human capital formation through transmitting self-direction values, thus promoting children's aspirations and achievements. To test these theoretical hypotheses, we use data from a nationally representative Chinese household survey, which contains separately surveyed parent and child data.Our empirical analyses reveal that children with entrepreneur-mothers outperform those with non-entrepreneur-mothers in both cognitive and noncognitive skills. The effect is stronger for daughters and younger children. Additional analyses verify the presence of both supervision and value transmission mechanisms, with value transmission being more importantly in explaining the entrepreneur-mother effect.Findings in this study deepen our knowledge on whether and how entrepreneur-mothers foster children's human capital formation. They highlight that—in addition to supervision—value transmission is a crucial channel through which entrepreneur-mothers exert an intergenerational impact on children. Our results also indicate that women running larger businesses—likely those with career motives and targets of policies that promote entrepreneurship—see better child human capital formation outcomes despite having potentially limited supervision capacity. Finally, our findings not only shed light on female entrepreneurship in China, a context with growing relevance in the global economy and rate of entrepreneurial activities, but also offer generalizable insights to other economies.

Содержание и уголовно-правовая характеристика преступления, предусмотренного статьей 429 УК Республики Беларусь

The most pressing issues of the criminal-legal characteristics of such a crime as illegal participation in entrepreneurial activity have been investigated. All elements of the corpus delicti were considered. They expressed their own judgments on the problematic issues of the topic under consideration and formulated specific proposals for amending the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus.

Digital Economy and Entrepreneurship: Heterogeneity of Labor Force Skills

This study investigates the effect of digital economy on entrepreneurship. Our empirical results show that digital economic development significantly increases the probability of labor force participation in entrepreneurial activities. Digital economy also has a polarizing effect on entrepreneurial behavior. It significantly promotes the entrepreneurial probability of the low-skilled labor force but has a positive and an insignificant effect on the high-skilled labor force. Our findings contribute to enacting improved policies on entrepreneurial behavior and employment.

Women Participation in Entrepreneurial Activities in the Post COVID-19 Pandemic: Empirical Evidence from SMEs Sector

Entrepreneurs contribute to economic development regarding innovation, job creation and income generation. It is also effectively recognized as a fundamental part of economic development and vital in lifting countries from poverty. Women entrepreneurs organize and manage an organization, particularly a business. Women’s entrepreneurship has consistently expanded worldwide during the 20th and 21st centuries. Bangladesh will have a big number of young women and productive workers after the COVID-19 epidemic, allowing them to engage in the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) sector. Women entrepreneurs can help in the elimination of hunger, the reduction of inequities, and the improvement of children’s nutrition, health, and school attendance. Also, it has been acknowledged as an important source of economic growth since it creates new jobs and provides society with various solutions to managerial, organizational, and business challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the impact of technological factors, parental support factors, municipal factors, knowledge and skills factors, psychological factors, and financial factors on women’s engagement in innovative business development in the context of Bangladesh’s SME sector in the post COVID-19 pandemic. This study included both statistical and discussion of the data. Data was collected from over 300 real Bangladeshi ladies using an online purposive sampling approach. To test hypotheses, the data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, collinearity statistics, and other regression analyses. As per study’s results, most variables, including administrative, scientific, and familial cooperation, knowledge and skills, psychological, and financial component, has both advantages statistically impressive relationship with women’s involvement in the context of the SME area in Bangladesh in the post COVID-19 pandemic. In the post COVID-19 pandemic, everyone from every sector will use the findings to encourage women’s participation in entrepreneurial activities in the context of the SME division in Bangladesh.

THE EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION DIMENSIONS ON ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSET OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN PLATEAU STATE

Entrepreneurship is key to contributing to innovation, job creation, and a nation’s economic and societal advancement. This study borrows from social cognitive and engagement learning theories to establish a position that explains the entrepreneurial mindset among university graduating students, owing to the rate of graduates’ engagement in entrepreneurial activities. Similarly, since a positive entrepreneurial mindset promotes participation in entrepreneurial activities, this study examines the effects of an entrepreneurial mindset among university students in Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was adopted to achieve the study objectives, using a sample of 369 graduating students (400 levels) across the University of Jos and Plateau State University, Bokkos, in Plateau State. The quantitative data analysis involved descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling using SPSS 25 and AMOS 23, based on 349 usable observations. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship education in terms of active learning, curricular content, and extracurricular activity is a significant predictor of entrepreneurial mindset. The primary conclusion is that the integration of entrepreneurship education dimensions, which predict entrepreneurial mindset dimensions at a composite level, is essential to the entrepreneurial mindset model of students in Nigerian universities. As a result, the study’s findings lend credence to the theoretical framework chosen. In addition, policymakers should develop and implement an active entrepreneurship education program with the goal of encouraging university students to adopt an entrepreneurial attitude. The policy implication is that universities in the twenty-first century should employ and train lecturers who are resourceful and have the skills and competence in teaching entrepreneurship that will enhance the active engagement of students and entrepreneurial mindset. Also, providing an enabling environment that fosters lifelong learning for students by Nigerian universities is a policy implication.

Réévaluer la participation des femmes aux activités entrepreneuriales au dix-neuvième siècle : une revue de la littérature

Nineteenth-century businesswomen were almost entirely neglected, the historiography having adopted the hypothesis of the withdrawal of women from the business sphere after the eighteenth century. A growing body of literature is challenging this view, claiming that women did in fact actively contribute to the industrialization process and occupied key positions as investors and entrepreneurs, and revealing the constant and non-negligible presence of women at the head of businesses. This article reviews recent literature on women entrepreneurship in the nineteenth century. On the one hand, we analyze the reasons invoked by recent studies in order to explain why female entrepreneurship has so long remained ignored. The separate spheres ideology, the rise of industrialization, legal systems, the narrow definition of entrepreneurship and the issue of the sources might have contributed to maintain the idea that women would have withdrawn from business. On the other hand, we review the methods used in the recent revisionist literature in order to identify women entrepreneurs in the historical records and to assess the importance of their participation in entrepreneurial activities. Whereas some sources (tax rolls, censuses, directories, articles of association, etc.) help drawing general conclusions about female entrepreneurship supporting quantitative research, others (private family papers and objects, newspapers and advertisements, public and legal records) are particularly helpful for qualitative investigations permitting to draw in-depth portraits of these women.

Household financial literacy and relative poverty: An analysis of the psychology of poverty and market participation.

Financial literacy is the significant human capital factor affecting people's ability to obtain financial services. Evaluating the relationship between financial literacy and relative poverty is of great significance to poverty reduction. This study investigated the impacts of financial literacy on relative poverty from the perspective of poverty psychology and market participation using data from the 2017, 2019 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS). The empirical findings showed that financial literacy can alleviate relative household poverty through household participation in entrepreneurial activities, commercial insurance participation and the choice of lending channels. Financial literacy has significant poverty reduction effect on households of continuous operation, reduces the likelihood of exiting operation. Further discussion showed that the poverty reduction effect of financial literacy is more pronounced among households with higher levels of financial literacy, under the age of sixty, low levels of indebtedness and in the eastern region. Our study provides empirical evidence for encouraging market participation and promoting financial literacy and provide valuable recommendations for the policymaker to improve poverty reduction effect in the developing country context.

Impacts of economic and social motivations on makers' exploitation and exploration activities in makerspaces

PurposeMakerspaces, which serve as fertile grounds for makers' innovation activities, are rapidly increasing in emerging markets to help unleash a massive wave of bottom-up innovation and encourage broader participation in entrepreneurial activities. Makers' motivations to innovate are key antecedents of their subsequent innovative behavior. The paper aims to investigate the impact of makers' innovation motivations (both economic and social motivations) on their exploration and exploitation activities in makerspaces and the moderating role of the makerspace climate for innovation.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted for 139 individual makers from five makerspaces in China to test the research hypotheses.FindingsEconomic motivation positively affected the degree of exploitative innovation and was negatively related to the degree of exploratory innovation. In contrast, social motivation negatively affected the degree of exploitative innovation and was positively related to the degree of exploratory innovation. The makerspace climate for innovation strengthened the relationship between social motivation and exploratory innovation and exacerbated the negative effect of economic motivation on exploration.Practical implicationsThe results offer managers a better understanding of how makers' motivation to participate in makerspaces affects their innovative behavior. Such information can guide makerspaces in designing their incentive policies and recruiting makers in line with their values to amplify makers' creative potential.Originality/valueThe empirical results reveal the impacts of economic and social motivations on makers' exploration and exploitation activities in makerspaces. They thus provide new insights into how different motivations give rise to different innovative behaviors and imply how makers' innovation activities can be managed effectively.

Understanding the long‐term effects of Keju: The case of entrepreneurship in China

AbstractWe show that contemporary differences in entrepreneurship within China can be traced back to Keju, a civil service examination system for selecting state bureaucracy in the age of monarchy. Combining current individual‐level survey data with historical prefecture‐level data on the density of Jinshi (the highest qualification in Keju) during the Ming–Qing period, we find that individuals in prefectures with high Jinshi density exhibit a lower probability of participation in entrepreneurial activities today. Evidence from a range of identification methods suggests that the relationship is robust and causal. We also argue that the Keju tradition could influence entrepreneurship through its effect on individuals' propensity to work for the state and risk aversion. Finally, we show that persistence is lower in prefectures with higher political violence during the Cultural Revolution and economic openness presently.

THE CHALLENGING FACTORS AFFECTING WOMEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors such as access to finance, legal constraints, and entrepreneurial skill on women's participation in business activities. The mediating effects of self-leadership were also established as an influence on women's participation in business activities. Moreover, the study examined the moderating effect of education among self-leadership and participation of women in entrepreneurial activities. The study selected a quantitative method and structured questionnaire for the data collection. The study found a significant relationship of the effect of access to finance, legal constraints, and entrepreneurial skill with women's participation in entrepreneurial activities. Moreover, the study found a significant mediating effect of self-leadership between factors and women's participation in entrepreneurial activities as well as a significant moderating effect of education between self-leadership and participation of women in entrepreneurial activities. The study suggests that the government and other institutions should take the initiative in women's entrepreneurship that affects women's self-leadership skills. The policymakers should pay attention to the financial concerns of women in business activities.

Gender differences at the main stages of entrepreneurship

This paper proposes to analyse the existing differences in women's and men's style of entrepreneurship. The examined the levels of women's and men's participation in entrepreneurial activity in modern national economies. The study dealt with the problem of determining the indicator values, characterizing the early stage of entrepreneurship, mature entrepreneurship as well as quitting business activities. The results of the survey, conducted in 59 countries, through the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Project, were used as initial information. In the course of the research, nine indicators, characterizing such stages as start-up and mature entrepreneurship, were examined, along with the cessation of this activity. The results indicated that there was gender gap between the indicators of entrepreneurship in majority of countries, implying that women participated in it to a lesser extent than men.

On the criminal law status of the property acquired as a result of illegal participation in entrepreneurial activity (Art. 289 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)

On the criminal law status of the property acquired as a result of illegal participation in entrepreneurial activity (Art. 289 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)

Participation of Women and Men in Entrepreneurship in Various Countries

Purpose: The paper is devoted to the actual problem of the existing differences in women’s and men’s entrepreneurship. The aim of the research is to assess the prevailing levels of women’s and men’s participation in entrepreneurial activity in modern national economies. Methodology: The study dealt with the problem of determining indicator values characterizing the early stage of entrepreneurship; mature (sustainable) entrepreneurship, as well as quitting business activities. The results of the surveys conducted in 59 countries throughout the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Project were used as initial information. Findings: In the course of the research, nine indicators characterizing such stages as start-up and sustainable entrepreneurship along with the cessation of this activity were examined. The study developed the functions that show the distribution of the indicators in 59 countries describing women’s and men’s proportions at three main stages of entrepreneurship. Research limitations: The study had limitations on empirical data due to the fact that only 59 countries were considered. Originality: The attained results have indicated that there is a gender gap among the indicators of entrepreneurship in most countries, which means that women participate in it to a smaller extent than men. The methodological approach to assessing gender differences in entrepreneurship presented in the article can be applied in further research.

Феномен коррупционного ценообразования. О некоторых аспектах институционального регулирования (опыт РФ)

Based on the study of Russian economic and corporate governance practice, as well as the judicial practice corresponding to it in the zone of the selected problematic, the article undertakes a fragmentary analysis of the phenomenon called by the author “corruption pricing” - the formation by the competent management bodies of companies and their interconnected groups of prices for relevant goods, works and services that, according to the initial perception and formal criteria, satisfy the parties of the transaction, however, upon a more thorough analysis, they turn out to be inconsistent with the interests of significant agents of the corporation system, including title co-owners and beneficiaries of business entities, realizing exclusively the interests of a narrow group of persons, capable of unfairly influencing on the legal process of price formation. Turning to specific cases, the author puts forward a hypothesis regarding the inevitability of institutional restrictions of the freedom of pricing in a market (non-state) pricing zone, predetermined by the circumstances of the objective discrepancy between the motives of investment and professional participation in entrepreneurial activity in general and management practice, in particular, of its various subjects - business owners and service providers. their top managers, majority and minority investors, personnel and administration, customers and service providers in the order of outsourcing and the associated need for a creative interpretation of the principles of integrity and reasonableness and their summarizing principle - economic justice.

The culture of entrepreneurship among the students of Al-Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University and means to enhance it from their perspectives

The man objective of the present study is to examine the status quo of the entrepreneurial culture among the students of Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, as it is one of the largest and most popular Saudi universities and has large number of male and female students. The study also propose means to enhance that culture among students from their perspectives. To achieve its goals, the study used the descriptive survey method, through a questionnaire conducted electronically to a sample of (141) male and (172) female students of the university. The findings of the study revealed that the culture of entrepreneurship among students of Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University was at a moderate average. The most important items were: “I consider providing students entrepreneurial skills is one of the most successful means to reduce unemployment among young people” and “I consider that a steady job (governmental or private) is more acceptable in Saudi society”. As well as students agreed upon proposed means to enhance their entrepreneurial culture from their perspectives. The most important means were: “supporting entrepreneurial projects for students financially and morally”, “providing training programs for students in the field of entrepreneurship”, “providing training programs to enhance students’ confidence in their abilities and skills” and “launching university and societal awards for students’ distinguished entrepreneurial initiatives. The findings of the study indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in their responses to the overall questionnaire and its two sub-dimensions according to the variables, while statistically significant differences were found according to the variable of participation in entrepreneurial activities in the favor for those who participated in the entrepreneurial activities.

Worldwide role of women entrepreneurs in economic development

Purpose The contribution of women entrepreneurs is still invisible and needs to be properly investigated. The purpose of this paper is to investigate this relationship by measuring women entrepreneurship and economic development at global level. Design/methodology/approach Secondary data has been retrieved from Female Entrepreneurship Index Report 2015, Human Development Report 2015 and KOF Index of Globalization 2015. Cross-sectional data is used from 69 countries of the world. Multiple regression is applied to estimate the data. Findings The results explained the significant impact of women entrepreneurship on the economies of the world. It was observed that women participation in entrepreneurial activities not only supports to their family income but also plays a significant role in economic development and social well-being of the society. Research limitations/implications There is no information about total output of women entrepreneurs in terms of new enterprises setups and established businesses of women except for year 2015. So, to measure the real contribution of women entrepreneurs around the globe is still a challenge. Practical implications It is reality that when women would be empowered as entrepreneurs then whole society gets benefits from it, as women entrepreneurs are beneficial for not only economic development but also social development of society. Originality/value This study uniquely addresses the contribution of women entrepreneurs in the world economy which is still an unseen but a powerful benefactor of development.

Analysis of Teachers’ Opinions about Student Participation in Entrepreneurial Activities in an Institution of Higher Education

Entrepreneurial education is increasingly relevant, and the number of study centers that are incorporating these programs is on the rise. The role of universities is central to the development of citizens who collaborate with companies to design innovative products or services. However, the formation of the entrepreneurial mindset in students is difficult to achieve, so it is necessary to create programs that are strengthened by transversal instruction in different careers. This article aims to analyze the opinions of professors in a Mexican university about the participation of undergraduate students in entrepreneurial activities within their programs. This research used a quantitative methodology to determine whether students were encouraged to develop entrepreneurial skills and if they could identify those skills. In total, 60 teachers from different campuses and majors of six schools in the University answered a questionnaire. The results showed that most teachers believed that the students in their programs could interact with entrepreneurs, participate in activities related to entrepreneurship as required, and learn entrepreneurial skills in their majors. However, most of the teachers indicated that the students also needed to learn more about entrepreneurship and recognized little or nothing about their entrepreneurial skills, and that no instrument existed to identify and measure those skills. When analyzing the teachers’ responses from three schools of the university, we observed that the teachers felt that the subject of entrepreneurship was less addressed in the School of Medicine and Health Sciences than in the Schools of Engineering and Sciences or Architecture and Design. Therefore, we recommend strengthening career programs with activities that identify and develop entrepreneurial skills. The results from this research can guide the teachers and authorities of the institution in determining opportunity areas and activities that promote the entrepreneurial mindset that the institution has set as a goal in its 2030 educative model.

Women Entrepreneurship is the best Socio-Economic Development Strategy for Women in Rural Areas

Entrepreneurship plays a key role in a country's economic development. A country's economic growth is largely dependent on its entrepreneurs. A businessman is often viewed as a person setting up his own company or setting up his own business. The empowerment of women, particularly in the rural community, has recently emerged as a major issue. Women's economic empowerment is a vital part of a country's strong economic growth. In a world where work is not guaranteed, entrepreneurship is one of the best ways to self-sufficiency and alleviate poverty for women. Women's participation in entrepreneurial activities will ensure that work is used efficiently, income generated and the quality of life improved. Women's economic empowerment by entrepreneurial practices has resulted in empowering women in many areas, such as socio-economic opportunities, property rights, political representation, social equality, personal rights, family growth, community development, and finally nation creation.