Participation In Daily Life Activities Research Articles

Post-stroke depression, activities of daily living, and occupational therapy intervention: An observational survey

Introduction: Post-stroke depression is a frequent but under-diagnosed condition. Nevertheless, it impacts participation in activities of daily living (ADLs) and the rehabilitation process. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of post-stroke depression on participation in ADLs and on occupational therapy (OT) intervention in adults. Methods: An observational study was conducted through a survey. The questionnaire covered OTs view about the influence of post-stroke depression on ADLs and occupational therapy treatment. Data collected by online questionnaire were analyzed through STATA®, using a mixed method. Quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed by thematic analysis. Results: Sixty-three surveys were valid. Stroke adults manifest hopelessness toward the future, crying and nervousness (“often” / “always” >50%). They have often worse occupational performance than patients with stable mood (55.56%), especially in self-care activities (35.92%). The performance limiting factors are low volition (41%), reduced motor skills (30%), and reduced cognitive skills (19%). OT intervention with these patients aims to increase volition (21.30%), recover roles (16.61%), and improve self-care activities (14.08%). Conclusion: Mood disorders negatively affect participation in ADLs and OT intervention. This study highlights the importance of volitional factors in promoting occupational engagement and provides guidance for OT treatment. Further investigation through specific studies appears necessary.

Percepção de cuidadores de pré-escolares com TEA sobre seu comportamento e desempenho ocupacional durante a pandemia da COVID-19

Abstract Introduction Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face behavioral, sensory processing, cognitive, and language challenges that affect their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and necessitate access to educational, therapeutic, and health services. The COVID-19 pandemic limited access to these essential services, exacerbating the challenges faced by this vulnerable population due to imposed social distancing measures. Objective To explore the perceptions of parent caregivers of preschoolers with ASD regarding their children’s behavior and performance in ADL during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method This cross-sectional, descriptive study utilized both quantitative and qualitative approaches, interviewing 60 caregivers of preschoolers with ASD. Participants were asked about any observed changes in their child’s behavior and ability to engage in ADL during the pandemic. Child characterization involved the Autism Classification System of Functioning: Social Communication (ACSF:SC), the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), and the Sensory Profile 2 (SP-2). Interviews were documented, with 15 recorded and transcribed for thematic content analysis. Results Participants included 43 mothers, 15 couples, and two fathers, totaling 60 children, of whom 46 (76.7%) were boys aged between 3 and 5 years (mean age 53.6 ±10.18 months). Caregivers reported changes in behavior and performance in ADL, predominantly noting deterioration. Increases in stereotypic behaviors, rigidity, and hyperfocus were observed, along with decreased participation in ADL. While the presence of caregivers benefited some children, it also led to reported stress, particularly among mothers. Conclusion The study found a predominant trend of deteriorating behavior and performance in ADL among children with ASD during the pandemic, based on caregiver reports.

Occupational balance, disability and functionality in people with rheumatic disease

We aimed to assess the occupational balance of people with rheumatic disease, analyze its relationship with participation, performance, and satisfaction with daily life activities, and evaluate whether age or receiving non-pharmacological treatment affects the outcome. Cross-sectional study carried out between March and November 2021; patients with non-advanced stage of rheumatic disease from the ConArtritis Association - selected through simple random sampling -, were included. Sociodemographic data and scores from the OBQ, IMPACT-S, COPM questionnaires, and a questionnaire created ad hoc for daily life activities were collected online and/or by telephone. The occupational balance of the 47 participants was low (OBQ: 34.2; SD: 13.7). Despite a high participation in daily life activities (IMPACT-S: 76.8; SD: 13.1), the degree of performance and satisfaction with these activities was far from optimal (COPM-R: 3.9; SD: 2.0 and COPM-S: 4.3; SD: 2.5); 46.8% of the participants found limitations in at least four daily life activities (basic and instrumental) and 61.7% used at least one support product in their daily lives. These limitations reduced their resting time and affected their jobs, hobbies, and personal relationships. The level of performance was negatively related to age (p=0.04); No changes in the scores were found in patients who received non-pharmacological treatment. Our results suggest that individuals with non- advanced stage of a rheumatic disease perceive that their occupational balance may be improved should they have fewer limitations in daily life activities.

Letter regarding the article entitled “participation in daily life activities at two months after stroke predicts long-term health-related quality of life”

Letter regarding the article entitled “participation in daily life activities at two months after stroke predicts long-term health-related quality of life”

Relationship between Participation in Daily Life Activities and Physical Activity in Stroke Survivors: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Stroke survivors undertake low levels of physical activity and participation in daily life activities, but the correlation between these two domains still carries some degree of uncertainty. This systematic review and meta-analyses-based data synthesis will aim to describe and estimate the relationship between participation in daily life activities and physical activity in stroke survivors. Six databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, and Rehabilitation & Sport Medicine Source) will be searched. Studies assessing participation alongside physical activity levels in adult stroke survivors in English or Spanish will be included. The study selection, assessment of the risk of bias, and data extraction will be conducted independently by two investigators. If available, correlation values between physical activity and participation outcomes will be extracted. The Hedges-Olkin method will be used for pooling correlation values between participation and physical activity measures. Subgroup analyses will be performed according to the time elapsed since the stroke (i.e., ≤6 months and >6 months). This will be the first systematic review with a meta-analysis to provide information on the relationship between physical activity and participation in stroke survivors. Findings are likely to inform the design of health prevention protocols and the development of healthy behavior change interventions.

Empowering Children and Families with Food Allergies: An Innovative Role for Occupational Therapy

Food allergies (FAs) have far-reaching implications regarding occupational participation. Children with food allergies and their families experience impacts on their daily life activities. The current standard of care for FAs fails to adequately address the wide-ranging barriers to participation in home, school, and community environments. This study used a mixed-method design to examine the impacts of FA on the needs of children and families affected by FA. Eighteen parents of children with FAs and six health care providers of children with FAs were interviewed; the parents also completed two questionnaires to identify the level of impact of FA on areas of daily living. The results indicated that parents perceive FA as a significant barrier to several aspects of daily life, and parents and health care providers recognized the need for additional supports for families of children with FA. Occupational therapists can intervene to help families with FA improve their participation in daily life activities while managing and limiting exposure to FAs. Expanding the role of occupational therapists to address the needs of families with FAs and recommendations for supporting this population are discussed.

Participation in daily life activities at two months after stroke predicts long-term health-related quality of life

ABSTRACT Background After stroke, many patients experience problems with participation in daily activities. Improving participation is the main goal in stroke rehabilitation. However, the longitudinal relationship between participation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains unclear. Objectives This study aimed to examine (1) the predictive value of participation at two months on long-term HRQoL and (2) the longitudinal relationship between participation and HRQoL. Methods In this multicenter, prospective cohort study, patients were assessed at two and 12 months after stroke. Participation was measured with the Restriction subscale of the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation – Participation. HRQoL was assessed with the three-level version of the EuroQoL five dimensions questionnaire index score. Results This study included 291 patients. Mean age was 66.6 ± 12.4 years, 64.3% were male and mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 2.5 ± 2.9. Multivariable linear regression, adjusted for demographic characteristics, stroke characteristics, physical and cognitive impairment, showed that a higher level of participation at two months correlated with a higher HRQoL at one year (B = .004; 95% CI =.002–.005). Patients whose participation improved had a greater increase in HRQoL, compared to patients without improvement (0.080 ± .21 versus −.054 ± .21; p < .001). Conclusions The level of participation at two months post-stroke predicts HRQoL at one year. Improvement in participation during the first year after stroke is associated with improvement in HRQoL. We recommend including the assessment of participation in daily activities at follow-up visits.

A landscape assessment of the use of patient reported outcome measures in research, quality improvement and clinical care across a healthcare organisation

BackgroundPatient reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be used by healthcare organisations to inform improvements in service delivery. However, routine collection of PROMs is difficult to achieve across an entire healthcare organisation. An understanding of the use of PROMs within an organisation can provide valuable insights on the purpose, scope and practical considerations of PROMs collection, which can inform implementation of PROMs.MethodsWe used multiple research methods to assess the use of PROMs in research projects, data registries and clinical care across a healthcare organisation from January 2014 to April 2021. The methods included an audit of ethics applications approved by the organisation’s human research ethics committee and registries which the health organisation had contributed data to; a literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles reporting on research projects conducted at the organisation; and a survey of health professionals use of PROMs in research projects, data registries and clinical care. The scope of PROMs was determined by classifying PROMs as either ‘specific’ to a particular disease and/or condition, or as a ‘generic’ measure with further classification based on the health domains they measured, using the World Health Organization International Classification Framework. Practical considerations included mode and timing of PROMs administration. Data were described using frequency and proportion.ResultsPROMs were used by 22% of research projects (n = 144/666), 68% of data registries (n = 13/19), and 76% of clinical specialties in their clinical care (n = 16/21). Disease specific PROMs were most commonly used: 83% of research projects (n = 130/144), 69% of clinical registries (n = 9/13), and 75% of clinical specialties (n = 12/16). Greater than 80% of research projects, clinical registries and clinical specialties measured health domains relating to both body impairments and participation in daily life activities. The most commonly used generic PROM was the EQ-5D (research projects n = 56/144, 39%; data registries n = 5/13, 38%; clinical specialties n = 4/16, 25%). PROMs used in clinical care were mostly paper-based (n = 47/55, 85%).ConclusionsWe have elicited information on the use of PROMs to inform a health organisation wide implementation strategy. Future work will determine clinician and patient acceptability of the EQ-5D, and co-design a system for the collection of PROMs.

MIND OVER MATTER: THE REQUIRED PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES FOR COGNITIVE ALERTNESS AMONG PAKISTANI GERIATRIC POPULATION

Background and Objective: Aging is influenced by culture, individual experiences, and socio-demographic characteristics along with societal expectations. Cognitive functioning and activity level in geriatric population may alter their participation in daily life activities thus this study aims to explore the required physical and social activities for cognitive alertness among Pakistani Geriatric population. Methodology: An observation based study of 169 aging individuals who performed on MoCA for cognitive functioning and interviewed on IPAQ for duration of physical activity in everyday life. Results: It is an observational study, conducted among the geriatric population of different areas of Pakistan. A total number of 169 individuals participated out of which 59 % were males and 40 % were females with a majority of the population 74% falling between 65-75 years of age. It was found that 59% of the male and only 19% of the female had 22 score on MoCA for cognitive functioning and these individuals were practicing physical activities such as brisk walk for 3 days a week for more than 40 minutes and are involve at least once a week in social activities. Conclusion: The research finding concluded that physical activities and social gathering both has impact on cognitive function of geriatric population to participate actively in daily activities.

A study of occupational therapy in mental health management

Occupational therapy (OT) is a holistic approach to treating individuals with mental health issues that emphasizes participation in daily life activities. In mental health management, OT helps individuals develop the skills needed to perform these activities, which in turn promotes a sense of purpose, self-esteem, and overall mental wellbeing. This paper provides an overview of the role of occupational therapy in mental health management, including its key concepts, principles, and techniques. It also highlights the evidence supporting the efficacy of OT in mental health treatment and the challenges faced by occupational therapists in this field. Finally, the paper discusses the future direction of occupational therapy in mental health management and its potential to improve the quality of life for individuals with mental health issues.

Occupational Therapy to Improve Activities of Daily Living of People With Parkinson's Disease.

Evidence Connection articles are offered by the American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Practice Program to inform and assist occupational therapy practitioners in methods that translate findings from the literature into usable knowledge for daily practice. These articles can guide professional reasoning and help practitioners operationalize findings from systematic reviews into practical strategies that can improve patient outcomes and support evidence-based practice. This Evidence Connection article is based on findings from a systematic review of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to improve performance with activities of daily living (ADLs) for adults with Parkinson's disease (Doucet etal., 2021). In this article, we present a case study of an older adult with Parkinson's disease. We discuss suggested evaluation tools and intervention strategies that might be used as part of occupational therapy to address limitations and meet his desired needs for improved participation in ADLs. A client-centered, evidence-based plan was constructed for this case.

The Effect of Implementing a Rehabilitation Nursing Program on Hand Burn Patients’ Daily Functioning: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: The physical problems associated with burns can cause patients various difficulties and negatively affect their independence as well as participation in daily life activities. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a rehabilitation nursing program on hand burn patients’ daily functioning. Methods: The present randomized clinical trial was conducted to examine 60 hand burn patients referred to the Shahid Motahari Hospital of Tehran, Iran, between November 4, 2020, and April 19, 2021. The patients were randomly divided into two groups using the block randomization method (n = 30 per group). The intervention group received a 5-week rehabilitation nursing program in two steps: during the acute stage of the disorder (i.e., the time of admission) and during the recovery stage (i.e., before discharge). Data were collected in each step using the General Activities of Daily Living (GADL) questionnaire. The control group received routine care. Inferential and descriptive statistics, such as the independent and paired t-test, as well as the chi-square test and analysis of covariance, were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed no significant difference in the daily performance of the individuals assigned to the study groups prior to the rehabilitation program (P = 0.29). According to the results of covariance analysis, the overall performance mean scores of the two groups were significantly different after implementing the nursing rehabilitation program, with a significantly higher score (i.e., better performance) recorded for the intervention group (P &lt; 0.001). Also, the means of pre- and post-intervention performance scores were significantly different in the rehabilitation group (P &lt; 0.001), but they were not significantly different in the control group. Conclusions: It was concluded that implementing a rehabilitation nursing program improved the daily performance of patients with hand burns, which offered a valid ground for accelerating the rehabilitation of these patients and shortening the period they needed to return to society.

Self-Perception of Hearing Difficulties and Quality of Life in Individuals with Hearing Loss.

Objectives: To characterize the results of the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36), Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB), and the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA) questionnaires in individuals with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss and compare them with brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs). Methods: There were 26 individuals with mild to moderate bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss who participated in the study. They were aged between 13 and 59 years old, right-hand preference, of both sexes, and were assigned to one of two groups according to the result of a BAEP test: normal (n = 16) or altered (n = 10). All subjects underwent a brief, cognitive screening battery and answered the SF-36, APHAB, and HHIA self-assessment questionnaires. For analysis of results, descriptive measures and inferential analysis were used. Results: On the SF-36 questionnaire, scores below 80 points were found in both groups, signifying minimal impact in the domains of pain, general health, vitality, and mental health compared to the other domains. The results of the APHAB questionnaire showed worse scores on the environmental noise subscale, and evaluation with the HHIA revealed a perception of severe restriction in participation in daily life activities. In a comparison between the groups, normal or abnormal BAEPs, no significant differences were found for any of the questionnaires. Conclusions: The results of the self-assessment questionnaires indicate that individuals with hearing loss can experience reduced quality of life, with limitations and restrictions for participation in daily living. The use of BAEPs as a criterion for dividing the groups was not effective in isolating the central component in the results of the self-assessment questionnaires.

Mapping the use of patient reported outcomes at a health organisation to inform integration into hospital data systems.

ObjectivesIncorporating patient reported outcomes into health data linkage research ensures that the patient’s perspective is considered. We aimed to understand the use of patient reported outcomes across an entire healthcare organisation, to inform routine collection and integration of patient reported outcomes into hospital data systems for clinical practice and research.&#x0D; ApproachWe applied a mapping process consisting of 1) an audit of patient reported outcomes used in research projects and data registries, and 2) a survey of clinicians’ use of patient reported outcomes in their clinical practice from January 2015 to March 2021. Patient reported outcomes were then classified as ‘specific’ to a particular disease and/or conditions, or as a ‘generic’ measure that was applicable to a broader population. Patient reported outcomes were also mapped to the health domains they measured, using the World Health Organisation International Classification Framework. Data were described using frequency and proportion.&#x0D; ResultsPatient reported outcomes were used by 22% of research projects (n=144/666), 68% of clinical registries (n=13/19), and 76% of clinical specialties in their clinical care (n=16/21). Of the projects, registries and specialties that used patient reported outcomes, disease specific outcomes were most commonly used: 83% for research projects n=130/144), 69% for clinical registries (n=9/13), and 75% for clinical specialties (n=12/16). Greater than 80% of research projects, clinical registries and clinical specialties measured health domains relating to both body impairments and participation in daily life activities. The most commonly used generic patient reported outcome for research, data registries and clinical practice was the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level (EQ-5D-5L) (research projects n=31/144, 22%; data registries n=2/13, 15%; clinical specialties n=3/16, 19%).&#x0D; ConclusionIn our setting, the EQ-5D-5L had broad applicability across a range of clinical specialties, collection systems and research studies, making it suitable for routine integration into health data systems with potential for linkage with other population data. Sufficient flexibility is required for the collection of population and disease specific measures.

Assessment of Quality of Life of Children with Cerebral Palsy

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) may have individual experiences and problems that restrict the participation in daily life activities. Quality of life (QOL) in children with CP needs to be quantified by CP-specific questionnaire. CP-QOL questionnaire is being used for this purpose. Objective: The aim of the study was to study the QOL of children with CP as asked by the caregivers of such children in south Indian population. Methodology: A cross-sectional and observational study including 121 participants (Parents/caregivers of children) with CP with age of 4–12 years was asked to complete the CPQOL questionnaire. The CPQOL questionnaire for primary caregivers is used to assess the QOL of children with CP. The study was conducted at the physiotherapy OPD of SRM Hospital, Kattankulathur and was completed after a period of 15 months started from May 2019 till August 2020. Result: The mean QOL score of 37.67 ± 4.57 was calculated using SPSS. Conclusion: The QOL of children with CP was compromised and the CP-QOL can be used to assess the QOL in children with CP.

Virtual Reality Cognitive Remediation for Mood disorders: RCT pilot study

IntroductionMood disorders interrupt well-being and participation in everyday activities through, among others, a mechanism of cognitive impairments. Ample evidence was found for cognitive remediation (CR) effectiveness in various mental health conditions. However, its contribution to improvement of functional outcomes in mood disorders was little investigated. Virtual Reality (VR)-based CR has a potential to overcome limitations by enabling training on daily-life tasks in ecological environments.ObjectivesTest the effectiveness of VR-based vs standard CR for improvement of cognition, functional capacity and participation in daily-life activities in mood disorders.MethodsTwenty-two individuals (female: N=13, 59.1%; Age: M=39, SD=13.4) diagnosed with major depression or bipolar disorder were randomly assigned either to the standard or VR-based CR. The participants completed 6 half-an-hour sessions using the Functional Brain Trainer (Intendu©), a body-controlled, adaptive tool for training of inhibition, planning, working memory, shifting, self-initiation, persistence, and attention in functional tasks and environments. Standard assessments were used to evaluate cognition, functional capacity, mood symptoms and participation dimensions in pre-post design.ResultsVR-based CR contributes to improvement in memory, executive functions and construction (2&lt;Z&lt;2.23, p&lt;.05), functional capacity (Z=-2.44, p&lt;.01) and satisfaction with participation (Z= -1.9, p&lt;.01). Standard CR contributes to executive functions (Z=2.33, p&lt;.05), and functional capacity (Z=-2.35, p&lt;.05).ConclusionsThis study provides initial evidence for contribution of CR to functional outcomes in mood disorders, with advantages of VR-based modality, suggesting the potential of CR to improve treatment outcomes and well-being in this population. Larger, controlled trials are needed to further expand evidence for VR-based CR effectiveness.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Artificial Intelligence in Rehabilitation Targeting the Participation of Children and Youth With Disabilities: Scoping Review.

BackgroundIn the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in research on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve child and youth participation in daily life activities, which is a key rehabilitation outcome. However, existing reviews place variable focus on participation, are narrow in scope, and are restricted to select diagnoses, hindering interpretability regarding the existing scope of AI applications that target the participation of children and youth in a pediatric rehabilitation setting.ObjectiveThe aim of this scoping review is to examine how AI is integrated into pediatric rehabilitation interventions targeting the participation of children and youth with disabilities or other diagnosed health conditions in valued activities.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search using established Applied Health Sciences and Computer Science databases. Two independent researchers screened and selected the studies based on a systematic procedure. Inclusion criteria were as follows: participation was an explicit study aim or outcome or the targeted focus of the AI application; AI was applied as part of the provided and tested intervention; children or youth with a disability or other diagnosed health conditions were the focus of either the study or AI application or both; and the study was published in English. Data were mapped according to the types of AI, the mode of delivery, the type of personalization, and whether the intervention addressed individual goal-setting.ResultsThe literature search identified 3029 documents, of which 94 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies used multiple applications of AI with the highest prevalence of robotics (72/94, 77%) and human-machine interaction (51/94, 54%). Regarding mode of delivery, most of the included studies described an intervention delivered in-person (84/94, 89%), and only 11% (10/94) were delivered remotely. Most interventions were tailored to groups of individuals (93/94, 99%). Only 1% (1/94) of interventions was tailored to patients’ individually reported participation needs, and only one intervention (1/94, 1%) described individual goal-setting as part of their therapy process or intervention planning.ConclusionsThere is an increasing amount of research on interventions using AI to target the participation of children and youth with disabilities or other diagnosed health conditions, supporting the potential of using AI in pediatric rehabilitation. On the basis of our results, 3 major gaps for further research and development were identified: a lack of remotely delivered participation-focused interventions using AI; a lack of individual goal-setting integrated in interventions; and a lack of interventions tailored to individually reported participation needs of children, youth, or families.

Interventions Within the Scope of Occupational Therapy to Improve Activities of Daily Living, Rest, and Sleep in People With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.

People with Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly experience difficulty in performing activities of daily living (ADLs), which affects their perceived quality of life. To examine the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy to improve performance and participation in ADLs, rest, and sleep in adults with PD. Databases searched were MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, OTseeker, and Cochrane Collection. Included articles were published between January 2011 and December 2018. Study Selection and Data Collection: Articles describing Level 1b, 2b, and 3b studies that examined outcomes related to ADLs, rest, and sleep in people with PD were included following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Forty-five articles (10 Level 1b, 27 Level 2b, and 8 Level 3b) met the inclusion criteria. Strong strength of evidence was found to support inpatient multidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation treatment (MIRT) to improve ADLs, and moderate strength of evidence that MIRT improves sleep performance. Low strength of evidence was present for outpatient occupational therapy to improve ADL and sleep outcomes. Low strength of evidence was found for resistance exercise programs to improve ADLs, but moderate strength of evidence indicates that multimodal exercise programs and targeted exercise programs can improve ADLs. Low to moderate strength of evidence suggested that alternative therapies and cognitive-behavioral therapy have a positive impact on ADLs and sleep. These results can be used to inform evidence-based occupational therapy practice. What This Article Adds: This article provides information for practitioners on the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to improve ADLs and sleep.

Mental health and wellness during COVID-19: Impact on healthy population

IntroductionPandemic outbreak brings multiple challenges into everyday life, with high potential to affect all aspects of health. It was previously demonstrated that epidemic is harmful to mental health (MH) of a whole population producing long-lasting and significant burden for the person and the society. However, such an impact was less investigated in COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectivesInvestigate aspects of MH among healthy population during Spring 2020 lockdown due to COVID-19; detect factors affecting MH and their cumulative effect on health-related quality of life (QOL).Methods571 healthy volunteers completed electronic survey distributed through social networks. The survey contained standard tools for evaluation of (1) levels of stress, anxiety and depression, (2) objective and subjective parameters of participation in daily-life activities, (3) daily routines, (5) loneliness, (6) social connectedness, (7) self-efficacy and (8) quality of life.Results We found high levels of stress, anxiety and depression among healthy population and low QOL in physical, psychological and social relationship domains. Employment, keeping daily routines, social connectedness, self-efficacy, enjoyment, satisfaction and meaning in daily-life activities were associated with better MH. All the aforementioned factors contributed significantly to QOL.ConclusionsCOVID-19 outbreak rise multiple health issues, among them affected MH of the healthy, not infected population. Public health strategies should be implemented to mitigate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on MH given its personal and social burden and its contribution to QOL. Addressing participation in daily life activities can be a useful tool to cope with impact of COVID-19 on MH.

The effect of play-based occupational therapy on symptoms and participation in daily life activities in children with cancer: A randomized controlled trial

Introduction This study aimed to investigate the effect of play-based occupational therapy on symptoms and participation in daily life activities in hospitalized children with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Method A total of 25 children (mean age = 9.28 ± 0.95 years, range = 7–12 years) with cancer undergoing chemotherapy were enrolled and randomly assigned to a play-based occupational therapy group ( n = 12) or control group ( n = 13). The intervention group received eight 1-hour play-based occupational therapy sessions, and the control group received traditional occupational therapy services. Participation in daily life activities, therapy-related symptoms, pain, anxiety, and fatigue were evaluated. Results Total mean scores of participation in daily life activities in the intervention group in the diversity of activities ( p = 0.001, d = 1.39), intensity of participation ( p = 0.001, d = 1.86), with whom done ( p = 0.005, d = 1.22), enjoyment ( p = 0.003, d = 1.33), and parents’ satisfaction ( p = 0.003, d = 1.33) were significantly higher than the control group. Symptoms decreased in both groups; however, this trend had a significant difference in the intervention group for the therapy-related symptom checklist ( p = 0.001, d = 1.68), pain ( p = 0.001, d = 1.61), anxiety ( p = 0.001, d = 1.58), and fatigue ( p = 0.002, d = 1.39) scores. Conclusion A 2-week course of inpatient play-based occupational therapy is an effective approach in the reduction of cancer symptoms, therapy-related symptoms, and the participation facilitation, of children with cancer in daily life activities.