Partial Veneer Research Articles

Ultrathin Partial Ceramic Veneers in the Esthetic Zone with Tooth Whitening: A 5-year Case Report.

This case report describes a minimally invasive approach with tooth whitening and partial ceramic veneers in the esthetic zone with a 5-year follow-up. The patient was initially concerned about the tooth color and previous direct resin composite restorations that chipped on the incisal edges of both maxillary central incisors. Tooth whitening and partial veneers for both central incisors were recommended after clinical evaluation. Two sessions of in-office tooth whitening, first with 35% hydrogen peroxide and later with 10% carbamide peroxide from first premolar to first premolar, were provided. Minimal tooth preparation that only removed the fractured composite restorations was performed followed by placement of feldspathic porcelain ultrathin partial ceramic veneers for both central incisors. We emphasize the benefits of minimal tooth preparation paired with partial ceramic veneers and the importance of masking discolored tooth structure with such thin veneers, including potential tooth whitening. Overall, we demonstrate a well-planned and executed restorative procedure combining tooth whitening and ultrathin partial ceramic veneers to achieve desired results in the esthetic zone that remained successful for five years.

Aesthetic Rehabilitation of Anterior Fractured Teeth with Partial Veneer: A Case Report

A variety of approaches can be employed to restore dentinal enamel fracture such as reattachment of the tooth fragment, direct composite restorations and indirect veneers. Thus, ceramic partial veneers or ceramic fragments are the most suitable option due to the increasing interest in minimally invasive dentistry and their superior optical behavior. They are considered as an innovative ultra-conservative approach that covers only the fractured part of the tooth surface without any preparation. Clinical protocol was however delicate. Bonding procedures must be highly respected and sectional veneer must be positioned carefully and checked regularly.Nowadays, Ceramic partial veneers are becoming a more popular approach but there are still concerns about the fracture strength and the survival rate of such restorations. This following report discusses the case of a patient presenting a fractured incisor that was rehabilitated using a ceramic partial veneer.

Partial Laminate Veneers for a Maxillary Midline Diastema Closure: A Case Report

Background: A variety of approaches can be employed to close diastemas using conservative and non-conservative restorative techniques such as composite restorations, laminate veneers, and crowning if there is no indication for orthodontic treatment. Objectives: This paper aimed to discuss the mechanical properties of sectional laminate veneers, the preparation, and the ceramic material used for their manufacturing. Material and methods: A case of a maxillary midline diastema closure using feldspathic partial laminate veneers with an ultra-conservative preparation is described. Results: Feldspathic sectional laminate veneers achieve an esthetically pleasant diastema closure. The ultra-conservative preparation and adequate polishing technique preserve dental and gingival tissues. Conclusion: It can be concluded that sectional partial veneers are an esthetic option with low mechanical properties that must be carefully indicated.

Fracture Resistance of Upper Central Incisors with Different Endodontic Accesses Restored with Lithium Disilicate Partial Laminate Veneers.

PurposeA treatment protocol involving the root canal treatment with conventional palatal access cavity and the partial veneer application may considerably reduce the fracture resistance of the teeth. On the other hand, labial access cavity within the partial veneer outlines followed with the partial veneer application may more successfully recover the lost fracture resistance of the endodontically treated teeth. In this regard, the present study aims to compare the fracture resistances of upper central incisors endodontically treated with palatal and labial accesses and restored with restorative resin composite and lithium disilicate partial veneers.Materials and MethodsThree groups consisting ten specimens each were prepared by using extracted sound human upper central incisors. Root canal treatments with palatal access, resin composite restoration of the access cavities and veneer restorations were applied to the first group (Group P). Root canal treatments with labial access, resin composite restoration of the access cavities and veneer restorations was applied to the second group (Group L). Veneer restorations were applied to the third group (Group C) without root canal treatment. Specimens were thermocycled and loaded to fracture in order to record their fracture resistances.ResultsThe mean fracture resistance of Group C was observed to be significantly higher, compared to Groups P and L (P < 0.05). Fracture resistance of Group L was observed to be higher, compared to Group P, but the difference was not found statistically significant. Light microscope revealed that the specimens fractured in five different modes.ConclusionAlthough the mean fracture resistance of the teeth that endodontically treated with labial access cavity prior to the ceramic partial veneer application was higher in comparison with the teeth that endodontically treated with palatal access cavity prior to the ceramic partial veneer application, the difference was found statistically insignificant (P < 0.05).

Minimal Invasive Technique for The Esthetic Management of Midline Diastema: A Case Report

It is a case report of a minimally invasive technique for diastema restoration with sectional veneer fabrication. It involves a technically demanding procedure and less time with minimal disruption and stress to soft tissue. The method presented in this case report depicts the closure of anterior spacing by an aesthetic sectional veneer. Successful restoration in present-day dentistry includes minimal biological cost, promising longevity and esthetic integration in addition to traditional criteria. However, several other factors influence patient acceptance, such as the uncomplicated technique, possible intraoral repair, reduced soft tissue trauma, and affordable financial cost. The clinical procedure of sectional veneers, presented in this case, introduces an additional treatment option to produce a minimal invasive diastema restoration in a single appointment, with a reduced number of clinical steps. Keywords: Midline Diastema, Maxillary Anterior Diastema, Minimal Invasion Techniques, Esthetical Management, Partial Veneers

Technical and Biological Complications of Screw-Retained (CAD/CAM) Monolithic and Partial Veneer Zirconia for Fixed Dental Prostheses on Posterior Implants Using a Digital Workflow: A 3-Year Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

Objective The introduction of CAD/CAM and the development of zirconia-based restorations have allowed clinicians to use less expensive materials and faster manufacturing procedures. The purpose of the study was to analyze the differences, in terms of mechanical and biological complication, in multiunit zirconia fixed dental prosthesis (FPDs) on posterior implants produced using a digital workflow. Method and Materials. This study was a retrospective investigation, and patients treated with screw-retained monolithic or partial veneer FPDs on dental implants were selected. Periapical radiographs were taken at baseline and at the 3-year follow-up. Complications were recorded and classified as technical and biological ones. Results The study population included 25 patients. The occlusal and interproximal corrections were not clinically significant. In the study sample, the survival rate and success rate of the FPDs after 3 years were 100% and 96%, respectively. One implant failed immediately after placement. Conclusion Monolithic zirconia FPDs and partial veneer FPDs showed a 100% survival rate, presenting an interesting alternative to metal ceramic restorations. The partial veneer FPDs had a higher technical complication rate than the monolithic FPDs; however, no statistically significant difference was found.

Comparative analysis of the prevalence complications in the teeth preparation for different types of orthopedic structures using classical and minimally invasive protocols

Annotation. The research analyzes the prevalence of biological and technical complications in orthopedic rehabilitation of dental patients and comparative evaluation of classical and minimally invasive protocols of preparation for different types of orthopedic structures. Study goal - to make a comparative assessment of the prevalence and relative risks of biological and technical complications in the teeth preparation for different types of orthopedic structures using classical and mini-invasive protocols in prosthetic rehabilitation of dental patients. During the study 725 dental patients were comprehensive examined. The patients rehabilitation with the usage of different orthopedic structures types was evaluated, the average term of their functioning was studied and biological and technological complications in orthopedic treatment were registered. Relative risk indicators of biological consequences of iatrogenic interventions in comparison with the vital teeth condition which not covered with orthopedic structures are calculated. The following statistical research methods were used: bootstrap variant of analysis using Duncan's criterion and Pearson's consistency criterion with Yates correction. It is established that minimally invasive design of orthopedic structures (partial ceramic and all-ceramic veneers) is characterized by a statistically lower level of relative risk of complications, including both biological and technical. So, the implementation of minimally invasive protocols for the preparation of teeth for different types of orthopedic structures helps to reduce the relative risk of associated complications (mainly by reducing the risk of adverse effects), preserving more hard tissues of enamel and dentin compared to dentin and dentin. the magnitude of the risk of complications during the classical preparation protocols.

Restoring a fractured incisor of a teenager with partial veneer

Since trauma is a common incident that adolescents are faced with, the post-traumatic therapeutic solution presents a challenge for the clinicians .This case report demonstrates how a young patient with minimal extended fracture of incisor was rehabilitated with non-invasive adhesive restoration known as partial veneer or chip with Feld spathic porcelain. Those restorations fit into the anatomy and shape of the teeth perfectly and restore only the fractured part which integrates in tissue economy dynamic. Feldspathic porcelain is the material that best reproduces the characteristics of enamel, in terms of surface properties, modulus of elasticity, resistance to fracture and the reproduction of the optical properties of the dental structure, especially at minimal thickness. In this paper we describe the details of the treatment and the final result which was aesthetic and surpass the patient’s expectation.

Multidisciplinary approach in treatment of spacing: orthodontic treatment and partial veneers using the injectable composite resin technique

Introduction. Patients with orthodontic diagnosis of spacing most often require a multidisciplinary approach, which includes orthodontic and following restorative treatment to enhance the esthetic outcome. The aim of this case report is to present management of spacing in the anterior region by orthodontic treatment followed by partial veneers using the injectable composite resin technique. Case report. In this case, leveling and alignment of dental arches and stable occlusion was achieved during orthodontic treatment, with the correction of upper and lower incisor inclination and closing the diastemas. Intraoral and extraoral esthetic parameters were evaluated on the photographs, and partial veneers on lateral incisors and canines were designed for the wax-up model. In the injectable composite resin technique, the silicone index was used to transfer the wax-up to composite restorations. The highly filled injectable composite resin was injected through the silicone index and light-cured. The restoration required only gentle polishing due to the great precision of the index. Discussion. Post-orthodontic recontouring in the anterior region is mostly done by direct composite restorations because they are cost-effective, minimally invasive, and the procedure is relatively simple. The injectable resin composite technique can be a solution for the same indication since it is less technique sensitive and gives predictable and great esthetic results, mostly without tooth preparation. Conclusion. Management of anterior spacing in adult patients requires a comprehensive approach for optimal esthetic and functional results. In this case, orthodontic treatment was followed by partial veneers on lateral incisors and canines, using the injectable composite resin technique as a simple and predictable solution for minor restorative interventions to solve morphological tooth abnormalities in the esthetic smile zone.

Long-term chipping and failure rates of implant-supported and combined tooth–implant-supported metal-ceramic and ceramic fixed dental prostheses: A cohort study

Statement of problemCombined tooth–implant-supported fixed dental prostheses have been associated with an increased risk of long-term failure. Furthermore, high chipping rates have been reported for ceramic fixed dental prostheses. However, clinical data are sparse. PurposeThe purpose of this observational cohort study was to evaluate the chipping and failure rates of metal-ceramic and ceramic implant-supported and combined tooth–implant-supported fixed dental prostheses. Material and methodsFour hundred thirty-four fixed dental prostheses placed in 324 patients (mean age: 60.8 years) were selected from a prospective clinical long-term study comprising 213 implant-supported fixed dental prostheses, 66 implant-supported cantilever fixed dental prostheses, and 155 tooth–implant-supported fixed dental prostheses. Metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses (n=260) were fabricated with a high noble metal alloy (n=225) or Co-Cr base metal alloy (n=35) frameworks. Ceramic fixed dental prostheses (n=174) were all zirconia based and had monolithic (n=68), completely veneered (n=43), or partially veneered frameworks (n=63). Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate the survival probability and the chipping-free survival rate of the fixed dental prostheses. ResultsDuring the observation period of 0.5 to 12.6 years (mean: 4.26 years), 17 fixed dental prostheses failed because of implant failure (n=6), tooth loss (n=5), major chipping (n=5), or abutment screw loosening (n=1). Survival probability was 96% after 5 years and 91% after 10 years. Cox regression analysis showed that age, sex, fixed dental prosthesis location, type of fixed dental prosthesis support, and fixed dental prosthesis material had no significant effect on fixed dental prosthesis failure. Chipping (n=61) was significantly affected by the framework material and type of veneer (P=.001). After 5 years, the greatest incidence of chipping (39%) was observed for zirconia fixed dental prostheses with a complete veneer compared with an 18% incidence of chipping for metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses with a high noble metal framework. A lower incidence of chipping was observed for zirconia fixed dental prostheses with a partial veneer or monolithic design. ConclusionsImplant–implant-supported and combined tooth–implant-supported fixed dental prostheses have promising long-term survival rates. Chipping seems to occur less frequently in monolithic or partially veneered fixed dental prostheses than in fixed dental prostheses with complete veneers.

Management Of White Spot And Central Diastema On Anterior Teeth With Direct Composites Restoration (A Case Report)

Background: One of the most common aesthetic problems is discoloration and central diastema of the anterior teeth. This can make the patient's appearance disturbed and can lead to confidence in influential patients in the complex interaction of social, cultural and psychological disorders. Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to explain the management of white spot on central incisive with central diastema. Case: A 22 years old woman came to Airlangga Dental Hospital with a chief complaint of shyness and lack of confidence due to some white spot and gap on the two central front teeth. Management: The treatment of white spot and central diastema were done using a partial direct veneer technique. Conclusion: White spot and central diastema treated with partial direct veneer restoration is able to produce good aesthetic results.

Long-term performance of implant-supported metal–ceramic and all-ceramic single crowns

PurposeTo evaluate failure rates and incidence of chipping for metal–ceramic and all-ceramic implant-supported single crowns (SCs). MethodsSix hundred and fifty-two implant-supported SCs placed in 404 patients (mean age: 57.8 years; 193 male; mean SCs per patient: 1.6) were evaluated up to 12.8 years. The frameworks of the SCs were made from Au alloys (n = 319), CoCr (n = 37), zirconia (n = 286), or lithium disilicate (n = 10). Full-coverage ceramic veneers were placed on 319 Au SCs, 34 CoCr SCs, and 92 zirconia SCs. One hundred and fifty-two monolithic zirconia SCs were not veneered. A partial veneer was placed on the buccal surface only of a further 42 zirconia SCs. ResultsA total of 26 failures were caused by loss of implants (n = 6), ceramic fractures and chipping (n = 15), loosening of the abutment (n = 4), or swallowing of a de-cemented SC (n = 1). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a probability of survival of 96% after five years and 92% after 10 years. A greater incidence of failure was observed for lithium disilicate and zirconia SCs than for metal–ceramic SCs (p < .05). Separate analysis of the most frequent complication, chipping (n = 61), revealed that zirconia and lithium disilicate frameworks were significant risk factors for chipping (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a significantly greater incidence of chipping was observed for SCs with full-coverage veneers than for monolithic zirconia SCs and for SCs with partial veneers (p < .05). ConclusionAvoidance of full-coverage veneers significantly improves the clinical performance of implant-supported crowns, primarily reduces the incidence of chipping.

Analysis of edge morphology of partial veneers made by different processing techniques and materials

To compare the edge morphology of partial veneers made of different materials by slurry molding, heat-pressed and computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques. Thirty premolars with smooth surface and intact enamel were selected and randomly divided into five groups, 6 specimens for each group. Group A were made from feldspathic porcelain (Noritake®) by slurry molding, while Group B were made from lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS E.max® Press) by heat-pressed. Group C/D/E were respectively made from feldspar porcelain block (VITA Mark II®), zirconia-reinforced glass ceramic (VITA Suprinity®) and hybrid ceramic with a ceramic-polymer network (VITA Enamic®) by CAD/CAM techniques. All the partial veneers luted with light-cured composite resin. Then the partial veneers were trimmed and polished to achieve the smooth finishing margin, clinical polishing sets were used according to the product descriptions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the edge morphology of prostheses and the exposure of resin cements. The smooth surface and knife-like edge of the partial veneers could be obtained after bonding, trimming and polishing. The edges of Group A were slightly rough and the width of the exposed adhesive was (106.00±9.17) μm. In Group B, the edges were smoother than Group A, and the exposed wide adhesive strip was visible, which was (138.33±20.59) μm. In Group E, the edges were smooth too, and the width of exposed adhesive strip was (186.00±5.66) μm. The edges of Group C and Group D were rough and uneven, and the adhesive was rarely exposed, they were (50.67±7.51) μm and (65.67±17.90) μm. There were all significant differences between two groups, except Group C and Group D. After trimming and polishing in accordance with clinical procedures, the expected knife-like edge can be obtained in all groups. The width of the exposed resin adhesive of each group is different, the order: Mark II/Suprinity < Noritake < E.max Press < Enamic. The edge morphology of partial veneers in different processing technic and materials are different.

Effect of Laser Etching and Spark Erosion on Retention and Resistance of Partial Veneer Crown Copings Luted with Adhesive Resin Cement.

Purpose:There has been less focus on methods to improve the clinical performance of partial veneer crowns. In this study, we wanted to explore the potential of two new surface treatment modalities (laser etching and spark erosion) for improving the longevity of partial veneer crowns.Material and Methods:Conventional partial veneer crown preparation was done on 90 extracted premolars by a single operator. All the samples used in the study were divided into three groups. Group A were samples to be treated by sandblasting alone, Group B were samples to be treated by sandblasting followed by laser etching, and Group C were samples to be treated by sandblasting followed by spark erosion. Each group consisted of two Sub Groups: Sub Group I-Retention test group, Sub Group: II-Resistance test group. The prepared teeth were randomly allotted to the three groups and subgroups using lot method. Partial veneer crown copings were fabricated for testing retention and resistance. Castings in each subgroup were luted with resin cement to their respective tooth preparations. Retention and resistance testing of samples were done with the use of an Instron Universal testing machine.Results:The two surface treatments, laser etching and spark erosion (Groups B and C) of metal copings significantly improved the retention and resistance compared to sandblasted surfaces alone (P ≤ 0.05). Retention and resistance of copings which were sandblasted and spark eroded (Group C) were found to be highest among the three groups (P ≤ 0.05).Conclusion:Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that the combination of spark erosion and sandblasting significantly improves the retention and resistance values of partial veneer crown. This study helps to provide better knowledge about the surface treatment required for success of partial veneer crowns.

Partial Veneer Retained Fixed Partial Denture In Conjunction With Cantilevered Bridge To Fulfill The Objective Of Patient Perceived Aesthetics

Partial Veneer Retained Fixed Partial Denture In Conjunction With Cantilevered Bridge To Fulfill The Objective Of Patient Perceived Aesthetics

Fracture Behavior of Minimally Invasive, Posterior, and Fixed Dental Prostheses Manufactured from Monolithic Zirconia.

To compare ultimate fracture load (Fu ), load at first damage (F1d ), and fracture pattern for posterior fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) manufactured from translucent, yttria-stabilized zirconia polycrystal. Premolar-size FDPs in 4 test groups (n = 16/group) were constructed as veneered complete crown-retained (group 1), monolithic complete crown-retained (group 2), monolithic partial veneer crown-retained (group 3), or monolithic resin-bonded (group 4) prostheses with minimum zirconia wall thickness (0.5 mm). Adhesively cemented to metal abutments, half of the prostheses were artificially aged by use of 10,000 thermocycles (6.5°C/60°C) and 1,200,000 chewing cycles (F = 108 N), before fracture loading. Statistics included two-way non-parametric ANOVA and Dunn-Bonferroni post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). None of the restorations failed during artificial aging. Fu was affected by test group (p < 0.001); F1d was also affected by the factor combination of test group and aging (p = 0.001 for test group; p = 0.049 for test group*aging). Mean Fu for all groups exceeded 1000 N; it was comparable for group 1 and group 2 and statistically significantly higher for group 2 and group 3 than for group 4 (p < 0.01). Fracture usually occurred through the retainer wall. F1d = 200 N was determined for individual samples in group 1 (chipping) and group 3 (local debonding). Fu of all the restorations was adequate for clinical use. Complications might, however, be expected at forces below 500 N for veneered prostheses (chipping) as well as for monolithic partial veneer crown-retained prostheses (local debonding). With regard to fracture behavior, all-ceramic complete crown-retained fixed dental prostheses (FDP) manufactured from monolithic zirconia, with a retainer wall thickness of 0.5 mm, might be suitable for use as a conservative alternative to their veneered counterparts in the rehabilitation of posterior tooth loss. Monolithic zirconia resin-bonded FDP might, moreover, be a viable alternative to resin-bonded FDPs with metal adhesive retainers in posterior arches, with improved esthetics and biocompatibility. The performance of both should, however, be verified in clinical trials. (J Esthet Restor Dent 28:367-381, 2016).

No-Prep Rehabilitation of Fractured Maxillary Incisors with Partial Veneers.

Therapeutic options for dental trauma depend on the injuries' features. For patients with uncomplicated tooth fractures, adhesive materials and composite partial veneers may be a therapeutic solution that completely preserves healthy tooth structure. An ultra-conservative approach, using indirect composite partial veneers to restore fractured anterior teeth is described in these case reports. Despite the position of the finish line in the middle of the clinical crown, this solution offers functional and esthetic outcomes using an indirect composite technique, and appears to be a suitable alternative to direct composite restorations or less conservative indirect veneers. Indirect composite partial veneers present considerable advantages, such as ultra-minimally invasive properties and excellent esthetic appearances. The success seems to depend on a combination of sound adhesive principles, adequate design of the restoration, laboratory experience, and cementation techniques. (J Esthet Restor Dent 28:351-358, 2016).

Midline diastema closure with partial laminate veneers: A case report

This case report describes a treatment of big diastema with hybrid ceramic restorative material, using chairside CAD/CAM system with veneer technique.

Teaching New Materials and Techniques for Fixed Dental Prostheses in Dental Schools in the United States and Canada: A Survey.

Tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) remain an extensive therapeutic option, with new materials and a digital fabrication process gradually replacing traditional methods. The variety of advances calls for dental schools to expand the teaching of this field. Our aim was to examine the nature and the amount of theoretical and practical training in clinical FDP courses, and the extent to which new methods and innovations in the field are being integrated. Data were collected using an online questionnaire including theoretical and practical teaching regarding clinical courses, restorative materials, and new fabrication methods, which was sent to 58 dental schools in North America. A total of 36 schools responded to the survey for a response rate of 62.1%. All the schools teach theoretical and practical porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) restorations, and almost all the schools teach full-metal FDPs. In more than half (57.1%) of the schools, zirconia-based FDPs are placed by students. Students place partial veneer FDPs in less than one-fifth (17.9%) of the schools. The average number of restorations required for completion of the clinical course is 7.3 FDP units. The respondents assessed that of the total FDPs placed by students in the clinical course, tooth-color coping (zirconia/alumina/porcelain) FDPs constituted 16.2%. None of the schools produce computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing copings or crowns within the school. All North American dental schools include teaching and placement of PFM restorations in their curriculum, but only one-third teach ceramic-based crowns. The low average number of required crowns may lead to graduates not being exposed to and trained in up-to-date dental restorative materials and techniques.

Esthetic Rehabilitation of the Smile with No-Prep Porcelain Laminates and Partial Veneers.

Rehabilitation of patients with anterior conoid teeth may present a challenge for the clinician, especially when trying to mimic the nature with composite resins. This clinical report exemplifies how a patient with conoid upper lateral incisors was rehabilitated with minimally invasive adhesive restorations. Following diagnostic wax-up and cosmetic mock-up, no-prep veneers and ceramic fragments (partial veneers) were constructed with feldspathic porcelain. This restorative material presents excellent reproduction of the optical properties of the dental structure, especially at minimal thicknesses. In this paper, the details about the treatment are described. A very pleasing outcome was achieved, confirming that minimally invasive adhesive restorations are an excellent option for situations in which the dental elements are healthy, and can be modified exclusively by adding material and the patient does not want to suffer any wear on the teeth.