Partial Superficial Parotidectomy Research Articles

Evaluation of Salivary Function Post-Partial Superficial Parotidectomy.

Parotid pleomorphic adenomas necessitate surgical intervention, with a growing emphasis on preserving salivary function post-surgery due to its critical role in maintaining oral health and overall quality of life. This study aims to evaluate a surgical method meticulously designed to preserve salivary function following partial superficial parotidectomy, utilizing Technetium-99m scintigraphy. This single-center prospective cohort study was conducted in Mashhad, Iran, between 2022 and 2023. The study encompassed 40 patients diagnosed with parotid pleomorphic adenomas, ages 20 to 64, undergoing partial superficial parotidectomy. The salivary function was evaluated using Technetium-99m scintigraphy three weeks post-operation. Most participants underwent right parotid surgery (62.5%, n=25) instead of left parotid surgery (37.5%, n=15). The outcomes of the partial superficial parotidectomy indicated no complications during the three-week post-operative period. Saliva secretion rates on the operated side were preserved across the cohort. A significant difference in saliva secretion rates was observed between the operated and contralateral sides (P<0.01) for both right and left parotid surgery groups. No significant correlation was found between the time elapsed post-surgery and saliva secretion rates (P=0.48). Our study demonstrated that the superficial parotidectomy technique is notably effective when focused on preserving the salivary function of the deep parotid gland. Not only does it maintain saliva secretion on the operated side, but it also boasts an admirable safety profile. There were no recorded complications, and duct preservation was achieved in most instances.

The risk of facial nerve palsy after benign parotidectomy. A quality project

Background Facial nerve palsy is a potential complication of parotidectomy for benign salivary gland tumours, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its incidence and associated risk factors for improved patient counselling and preoperative planning. Aim/objectives This single-centre retrospective study aimed to assess the rate of facial nerve palsy following benign parotidectomy at a University Teaching Hospital. Material and methods Over a 3-year period, 160 patients undergoing parotid surgery for benign tumours were included. Data, encompassing sex, age, operation technique, tumour pathology, facial nerve function, and follow-up duration, were collected from medical records. Exclusion criteria comprised patients with prior parotid gland surgery or preoperative facial nerve palsy. Results The study revealed a 3.75% incidence of facial nerve palsy with no total paralysis post-parotidectomy for benign disease. Pleomorphic adenoma (50.6%) and Warthin’s tumour (44.4%) were the predominant tumour types. No significant differences were noted between groups with and without postoperative facial palsy based on obtained covariates. Conclusion and significance Our findings endorse partial superficial parotidectomy and extracapsular dissection as low-risk treatments for benign parotid tumours. However, prospective studies are warranted to elucidate recovery rates and long-term consequences of facial nerve palsy, contributing to refined surgical approaches and patient care in parotid surgery.

Maxillofacial complications after parotidectomy: a systematic review

There is significant concern regarding parotidectomy due to its possible complications and diagnoses, making precise knowledge of anatomy extremely important, so that there is an understanding of the pathological processes that occur that can cause limitations in mouth opening and consequent vascular paralysis and salivary fistulas, such as among other complications. The present study aimed to evaluate the technical restrictions and complications of parotidectomy in the treatment of variations of benign and malignant conditions related to the plexus of maxillofacial structures. A systematic review of articles with PRISMA systematization was carried out from 2021 to 2024. Using Pubmed as a basis, English, Portuguese and Spanish inclusion criteria. with descriptor “Parotidectomy, Maxillofacial and Prevalence”. Studies demonstrate that conventional superficial parotidectomy and partial superficial parotidectomy surgery is very effective in treating some of these pathological changes, and highlight the importance of the professional establishing an accurate diagnosis and knowing the correct technique, in order to indicate this therapeutic modality for patients with real indication. From this, incidences and predictive factors of parotidectomy complications were found. As it is a surgical therapy, some professionals give priority to conservative parotidectomy treatments; if there are no promising results, start treatment with radical parotidectomy.

Case-tailored indicated extracapsular dissection versus “one-size-fits-all” nerve dissection: Has the bet been won?

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to trace the development of surgical therapy in a large cohort, examine its changes at one single institution that has been specializing in salivary gland pathologies over the last 22 years, and to determine the extent to which a possible shift in the surgical therapy of parotid benign tumors towards less radical methods was correlated with a change in the incidence of facial palsy and Frey's syndrome. Study designRetrospective clinical study. MethodsA retrospective evaluation of the records of all patients treated for benign parotid tumors at a tertiary referral center between 2000 and 2022 was carried out. Surgical methods were classified into four groups: extracapsular dissection, partial superficial parotidectomy, superficial parotidectomy and complete parotidectomy. ResultsA total of 4037 patients were included in the study. Our analysis demonstrated an increase in the total number of parotidectomies for benign lesions from 71 (2000) to 298 (2022), mostly due to the increase in extracapsular dissections (from 9 to 212). The increased performance of less radical surgery was associated with a significantly decreased incidence of perioperative complications. ConclusionsOur study showed that the increased performance of less radical surgery was associated with better functional outcomes over the years.

Parotid Gland Metastases of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head: Occult Metastases Occurrence and Their Late Manifestation.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) are malignant tumours with excellent prognosis unless nodal metastases develop. The aim of our study is to determine the prognostic significance of the clinical stage of parotid gland metastases and the incidence of occult cervical lymph node involvement in cSCC of the head. Our retrospective analysis includes 39 patients with cSCC parotid gland metastases, 15 of whom had concurrent cervical node involvement. In 32 patients, the lymph nodes manifested at stage N3b. A total of 26 patients were treated with parotidectomy, 9 patients received radiotherapy alone, and 4 received symptomatic therapy. The surgical treatment included either total conservative (21 cases) or superficial parotidectomy (5 cases) and neck dissection (therapeutic neck dissections in 11 cases and elective in 14 cases). In all cases, surgery was performed with sufficient tumour-free resection margins. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered postoperatively in 16 patients. Occult metastases were present in 21% of cases after an elective neck dissection, but not in any case in the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The five-year overall survival and recurrence-free interval were 52% and 55%, respectively. Patients with the cN3b stage and G3 histological grade tend to have a worse prognosis, but not at a statistically significant level. The prognosis was not worse in patients with concurrent parotid and cervical metastases compared to those with metastases limited to the parotid gland only. The addition of adjuvant irradiation, in comparison to a single modality surgical treatment, was the only statistically significant prognostic factor that reduced the risk of death from this diagnosis (p=0.013). The extent of parotidectomy (partial vs. total) had no impact on either the risk of recurrence or patient prognosis. The combination of surgery with irradiation provides the best results and should be applied to all patients who tolerate the treatment. A partial superficial parotidectomy should be sufficient, with a minimum risk of occult metastasis in the deep lobe. Conversely, the relatively high incidence of occult neck metastases indicates that patients could likely benefit from elective neck dissection.

Partial superficial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: Early post-operative outcomes

IntroductionThere has been historical controversy regarding the extent of resection in the management of pleomorphic adenomas. This study aims to evaluate the extent of surgery and short-term postoperative outcomes of partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) for the management of pleomorphic adenomas at a tertiary, high-volume center. MethodsA retrospective chart review of patients who underwent PSP was performed. Variables included demographics, pre-operative facial nerve function, operative techniques, postoperative complications/facial nerve function, and recurrence. Results151 adults who underwent PSP for pleomorphic adenoma from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2022 were identified. Median age was 55 (IQR 40–66) years with females representing 74 % of the cohort. Median tumor size at presentation was 1.8 (IQR 1.3–2.3) cm. Baseline facial nerve function was excellent for most patients (House-Brackmann I, 99 %). Most patients underwent a superficial inferior parotidectomy (88 %). Modified Blair incision (70 %) was the most common incision. Intraoperatively, the facial nerve was identified in 149 (99 %) patients. The main trunk was identified in 126 (85 %) patients. No patient had tumor spillage. Only two patients required parotid bed reconstruction. The most common complication was ear numbness (60 %). Postoperatively, 114 patients were House-Brackmann grade I at both preoperative and postoperative assessment, 8 went from grade I to II, and 1 went from grade VI to II (Bell's palsy that resolved to grade II following surgery). Median follow-up was 1(IQR 1–5) month. ConclusionPSP is efficacious in the management of pleomorphic adenomas with preservation of facial nerve function, and minimal post-operative complications. Future study is needed to assess long term recurrence risk.

Comparison of conventional and endoscope-assisted partial superficial parotidectomy for benign neoplasms of the parotid gland: a matched case–control study

Long-term tumour recurrence rates and complications of endoscope-assisted partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) are rarely reported compared to traditional open approaches. This retrospective study included 306 patients with superficial parotid benign neoplasms who were divided into an endoscopy group (endoscope-assisted PSP, n = 102) and a control group (conventional PSP, n = 204). There were no significant differences in clinical and pathological characteristics between the two groups, except age (P = 0.001). Three patients had confirmed recurrence during a mean follow-up duration of 125.1 months. Ten (9.8%) patients in the endoscopy group and 22 (10.8%) in the control group developed transient facial nerve palsy (P = 0.792), and recovered 6 months after the operation. Nine (8.8%) and 19 (9.3%) patients, respectively, suffered from Frey syndrome (P = 0.889). A sensory deficit of the auricle occurred in 24 (23.5%) and 57 (27.9%) patients respectively (P = 0.410). Patients in the endoscopy group were more satisfied with the postoperative scar than those in the control group (P < 0.001). This study demonstrated that the endoscope-assisted PSP can be curative, with better cosmetic outcomes than the conventional approach, and does not increase the incidence of postoperative complications or the local recurrence rate.

Utility of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in parotid pleomorphic adenoma diagnosis and management.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), the most common benign tumour of the parotid gland, requires accurate preoperative diagnosis owing to its capacity for malignant transformation. The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the diagnostic algorithm for patients with PA and to assess clinical outcomes for those with different surgical approaches. We carried out a retrospective analysis of patients treated for parotid gland mass between 2010 and 2016. These had had preoperative FNAB and had undergone subsequent surgery. 165 patients had FNAB with the result of PA and the definitive histology confirmed PA in 159 cases (96.4%). On the other hand, in 179 patients, the definitive histology showed PA and the preoperative FNAB result corresponded in 159 cases (88.9%). The measured sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasound-guided FNAB in the diagnosis of PA were, respectively, 88.83%, 96.23% and 92.31%. Most of the patients underwent superficial or partial superficial parotidectomy, followed by extracapsular dissection which was associated with statistically lower risk of facial nerve injury (P=0.04). Ultrasound-guided FNAB is simple, accurate and valuable in the diagnosis of PA and provides results that can lead to the choice of less invasive operative treatment.

Role of Partial Superficial Parotidectomy in the Management of Parotid Benign Tumors in Egypt, A Multicenter Study

Role of Partial Superficial Parotidectomy in the Management of Parotid Benign Tumors in Egypt, A Multicenter Study

The potential applicability of facial nerve monitoring as a navigation tool in parotid gland surgery.

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the stimulation amplitude and the distance to the facial nerve. This study was designed as a prospective clinical study. A total of 20 patients (12 males, 8 females) were included. Partial superficial parotidectomy was performed in all patients with intraoperative facial monitoring. Measurements were made on the main trunk and major branches. Stimulation was started at 1 mA and incrementally increased to 2 and 3 mA's. The shortest distance creating a robust response (>100 mV) was recorded. At 1 mA, 2 mA and 3 mA stimulation intensity, the average distance between the tip of the stimulation probe and the main trunk was 2.20 ± 0.76 mm (range 1-3 mm), 3.80 ± 0.95 mm (range 2-5 mm), 4.80 ± 1.05 mm (range 3-7 mm) respectively. The stimulus intensity was inversely proportional in respect to the distance between the nerve and the tip of the stimulus probe (P < .00). The same relation was present in the facial nerve major branch measurements (P < .00). The proportional stimulation amplitude and distance to the facial nerve is thought to be a reliable auxillary method to assist the surgeon by facilitating the estimation of the distance to the facial nerve during extracapsular dissection and minimally invasive cases where the facial nerve isn't routinely dissected. Level 3.

Myoepithelioma of parotid gland: a case report

Myoepithelioma (ME) is a benign tumor, arising predominantly from major and minor salivary glands (SG). Clinically, it presents as a painless mass with a slow growth. In our case report, this lesion occurred in a 51-year-old man, and presented as a well-defined oval mass on the right parotid region. The magnetic resonance imaging study confirmed the presence of a lesion with benign features that was excised surgically by partial superficial parotidectomy. The histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of parotid ME. Other SG tumors such as pleomorphic adenoma are differential diagnoses of ME. Complete surgical excision reduces the rate of recurrence.

Proposal for a novel classification of benign parotid tumors based on localization

ObjectivePostoperative facial nerve paralysis is the most problematic complication after surgical treatment of parotid tumors. Localization of tumors is highly relevant for the surgical approach, but existing classification systems do not focus on the association between localization and surgical technique. Therefore, we created a new localization-based classification system for benign parotid tumors and investigated the characteristics of tumors in each localization and the frequency of postoperative facial nerve paralysis by retrospectively applying the classification to previous cases. MethodsFirst, we defined 6 portions of the parotid gland (upper, U; lower, L; posterior, P; anterior, A; superficial, S; deep, D) by dividing the transverse plane into an upper and lower portion at the mandibular marginal branch, the longitudinal plane into a posterior and anterior portion at the midline of the parotid anteroposterior diameter, and the sagittal plane into a superficial and deep portion along the course of the facial nerve. Then, we defined 8 locations by combining the 6 portions in all possible ways (i.e., U-P-S, U-P-D, U-A-S, U-A-D, L-P-S, L-P-D, L-A-S, L-A-D). We used this classification to define the tumor localization in 948 patients who had undergone partial superficial parotidectomy for benign parotid tumors and then investigated the incidence, histopathological type, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, surgery, and complications in each area. ResultsPleomorphic adenomas comprised approximately 70% of tumors in the upper portion but only approximately 35% in the lower portion. The rate of postoperative facial nerve paralysis was significantly higher for tumors in deep locations than in superficial locations (33.9% vs 14.9%, respectively), and the odds ratios for postoperative facial nerve paralysis in the U-P-D and U-A-D locations were 7.6 and 4.8 compared to the L-P-S location. When maximum diameter, operation time, bleeding volume, sex (reference: female), and age were added as control variables, the odds ratios were 4.2 and 3.0. ConclusionDetermining tumor localization preoperatively with the new localization-based classification of parotid tumors is helpful not only for predicting the histopathological type but also for predicting surgical complications, particularly postoperative facial nerve paralysis.

PIK3R1, HRAS and AR Gene Alterations Associated with Sclerosing Polycystic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland

Sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA) is a rare neoplasm occurring in the salivary glands, mainly the parotid gland. Although it was originally thought to represent a non-neoplastic process, recent genetic data have proven its monoclonality, supporting its neoplastic origin. We report a case of a 73-year-old woman who presented with left neck swelling and pain. A 3 cm hypoechoic, heterogeneous, solid mass was identified on neck ultrasonography within the left parotid gland. Fine needle aspiration revealed benign acinar cells and lymphocytes. Left partial superficial parotidectomy was performed and a diagnosis of SPA was made. Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed three clinically significant alterations in the PIK3R1, HRAS, and AR genes. Alterations in the PIK3R1 gene have been previously reported in cases of SPA; however, this study is the first to report two novel clinically significant genomic alterations in the HRAS and AR genes. AR protein expression by immunohistochemistry was strongly and diffusely positive in the neoplastic epithelial cells compared to the adjacent normal salivary gland tissue, which was dead negative for AR. This molecular profile will enhance our understanding of the molecular pathways underlying the development of this tumor. Although this entity was initially thought to be a reactive process, evidence from our case and similar cases strongly support the notion that it is neoplastic due to the presence of specific genetic alterations linked to it.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of superficial parotidectomy and partial superficial parotidectomy for benign parotid tumours: a meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo quantify the results of superficial parotidectomy (SP) and partial SP (PSP) for benign parotid tumours using a systematic evaluation method.MethodsA systematic search of English and Chinese databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang and Vipshop) was conducted to include studies comparing the treatment outcomes of SP with PSP.ResultsTwenty-three qualified, high-quality studies involving 2844 patients were included in this study. The results of this study showed that compared to the SP surgical approach, the PSP surgical approach reduced the occurrence of temporary facial palsy (OR = 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26–0.41), permanent facial palsy (OR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.16–0.52) and Frey syndrome (OR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.23–0.56) in patients after surgery, and the surgery operative time was reduced by approximately 27.35 min (95% CI − 39.66, − 15.04). However, the effects of PSP versus SP on salivary fistula (OR = 0.70; 95% CI 0.40–1.24), sialocele (OR = 1.48; 95% CI 0.78–2.83), haematoma (OR = 0.34; 95% CI 0.11–1.01) and tumour recurrence rate (OR = 1.41; 95% CI 0.48–4.20) were not statistically significant.ConclusionCompared with SP, PSP has a lower postoperative complication rate and significantly shorter operative time, suggesting that it could be used as an alternative to SP in the treatment of benign parotid tumours with the right indications.Graphical abstract

Partial Superficial Parotidectomy Versus Extracapsular Anatomical Dissection for the Treatment of Benign Parotid Tumors.

Superficial benign parotid tumors are a common neoplasm of the salivary glands. Different surgical procedures have been applied for partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) and extracapsular dissection (ECD), which are the two predominant surgical techniques. Our study aimed to evaluate PSP versus ECD for benign parotid tumors, in relation to post-operative complications and recurrence rates. 266 patients who underwent parotidectomies of benign superficial parotid tumors were evaluated retrospectively. The first group (PSP group) was composed of 143 patients who underwent PSP, and the second group (ECD group) was composed of 123 patients who underwent ECD. In the ECD group the rate of patients presenting with total postoperative permanent facial nerve paralysis, House-Brackmann grade III, was 0.8%, whereas in the PSP group it was 1.4%. Frey's syndrome was only reported in the PSP group. Salivary fistula occurred in both groups at similar rates. Sensation dysfunction due to greater auricular nerve division occurred in 72% patients in the PSP group and 10.6% in the ECD group. No statistical difference regarding recurrence rates was found between the two groups. Both ECD and PSP procedures are safe surgical options for superficial parotidectomy in the treatment of benign tumors, with similar recurrence rates and post-surgical complications, apart from sensation abnormalities due to more extensive auricular nerve division.

Prognosis of Complications at Surgical Treatment of Benign Parotid Tumors

The development of clinical medicine to a certain extent depends on the level of prognosis of surgical patients. In prognosis, the method of regression analysis is widely used. Prognostic scales help to assess the risk of complications in patients after surgery, which allows the use of relatively more effective diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The aim of the study was to develop the integral mathematical characteristics of the prognosis of the outcome at surgical treatment of benign parotid tumors, adequately describing the pathological process. When constructing a mathematical prognostic model, its parameters were subject to the requirement of their efficiency above ??95% according to the t-criterion. The purpose of the mathematical modeling was to statistically adequately link the complications of surgical treatment of parotid tumors with clinical and diagnostic data. The developed mathematical model made it possible, on the basis of significant clinical and diagnostic data in patients, to identify prognostic factors for the development of paresis of the mimic muscles of the face in the surgical treatment of benign parotid tumors. Based on the studied correlation analysis, the significant (??0.05) clinical prognostic factors for the development of paresis of the mimic muscles of the face after the operation of partial superficial parotidectomy were revealed: gender, patient’s age, cytological result, sonoelastographic strain-ratio value, computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of tumor size. Also, the prognostic factors for the development of paresis of the mimic muscles of the face during the parotidectomy and the extracapsular dissection of the lower pole of the parotid gland were determined. In the result the certificate of the official registration of the computer program was received. The possibility of prognosis of the complications of surgical treatment in patients with parotid tumors has also been developed in order to reasonably carry out more effective therapeutic and rehabilitation measures.

Results of 301 Parotidectomies: A Twenty-Year Experience of One Single Institution.

To evaluate demographic, clinical, surgical and histopathological results and complications of 301 parotidectomies performed in southern part of Turkey. The results of 297 patients undergoing 301 parotidectomies between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Four patients underwent bilateral parotidectomy. Age, gender, side and size of lesion, postoperative facial nerve function (FNF) for benign tumors and types of surgery were evaluated. There were 172 male and 125 female patients. The mean age was 52.53 ± 16.67years (range 11-90years). Patients with malignant tumor had higher mean age than the patients with benign diseases (p < 0.001) and the mean age of Warthin tumor (WT) patients was significantly higher than pleomorphic adenoma (PA) (p < 0.001). There was a significant male dominancy in WTs than the PAs (p < 0.001). The mean size of the malignant tumors was significantly higher than the benign tumors (p = 0.012). The mean of cigarette smoking value (pack/year) was higher in WTs than the PAs (p < 0.001). WT incidence was slightly higher than PA in between years 2010 and 2019 (p = 0.272) compared to between years 2000 and 2009. Fine needle aspiration biopsy had asensitivity of 96% and specificity of 78% for the benign tumors. Tumor location (p < 0.001) and tumor size (p = 0.034) had negative effect on the postoperative FNF. The incidence of WT had a significant rise in the last decade. Deep lobe tumors and increased tumor size had effect postoperative FNF. Experience of surgeon ismore important than nerve monitoring to prevent facial paralysis. Partial superficial parotidectomy was available methods for small benign tumors in tail of the parotid gland.

Extracapsular dissection with a transparotid facial nerve dissection approach versus partial superficial parotidectomy for benign tumours in the tail of the parotid gland: a single-centre retrospective study of 89 patients

The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the transparotid facial nerve dissection approach (TFND), in which the intraparotid cervicofacial or temporofacial division is identified first through a superficial lobe incision; and (2) to compare extracapsular dissection with a TFND (ECD-TFND) with partial superficial parotidectomy with a retrograde approach (PSP) for benign tumours in the tail of the parotid gland with respect to surgical outcomes. Eighty-nine patients underwent PSP or ECD-TFND for benign tumours in the tail of the parotid gland: 49 were treated surgically with PSP and 40 with ECD-TFND. The mean ( ± standard deviation) surgical time did not differ significantly between the groups: 64 ± 22.4 min for PSP and 59 ± 19.8 min for ECD-TFND (P = 0.302). There was a significant difference in sialocele: 18 (36.7%) patients in the PSP group and four (10%) in the ECD-TFND group (P = 0.002). There was also a significant difference in facial nerve injuries: temporary paralysis was observed in 13 (26.5%) patients in the PSP group and two (5%) in the ECD-TFND group (P = 0.007). It appears that TFND is a viable and safe approach when performing ECD for benign tumours in the tail of the parotid gland. ECD-TFND should be preferred over PSP for benign tumours in the tail of the parotid gland.

A modified method for minimizing damage to the marginal mandibular branch (MMB) during partial superficial parotidectomy(PSP): A retrospective study

The aim of this study was to compare modified partial superficial parotidectomy (MPSP) with conventional partial superficial parotidectomy (CPSP) in a retrograde approach, and to determine whether MPSP can reduce the risk of injury to the MMB of the facial nerve and the rate of postoperative facial palsy.Patients with benign parotid gland tumors of the superficial lobe were included retrospectively in two groups: one group was treated with CPSP; the other group was treated with MPSP, in which the MMB was dissected in an anterograde direction or not dissected. The patients’ sex and age, location of tumor, size of tumor (maximum tumor diameter), histopathological distribution, operative time, and incidence of postoperative facial nerve weakness were compared.There was no significant difference in operative time between the two groups (p = 0.913). There was a significant difference (p = 0.008) in postoperative facial nerve weakness, with temporary facial nerve weakness observed in 19 and five patients in the CPSP and MPSP groups, respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant difference (p = 0.009) in MMB weakness, with temporary MMB weakness observed in 15 and three patients in the CPSP and MPSP groups, respectively. There was no significant difference (p = 0.564) in the weakness of other branches between the two groups. All cases of paresis scored ≤3 on the House-Brackmann scale, and all cases of temporary facial nerve weakness resolved within 6 months of surgery. No patient developed permanent paralysis.Within the limitations of the study, it seems that modified partial superficial parotidectomy (MPSP) should be preferred over conventional partial superficial parotidectomy (CPSP) whenever appropriate.

Surgical Outcome of Extracapsular Dissection of Benign Parotid Gland Tumor: A Comparative Study to Superficial Parotidectomy

Background/Objectives: Extracapsular dissection has the advantage of reducing complications by minimizing tissue loss of the parotid without intentionally exposing the facial nerve in patients with benign parotid tumor. However, there has been controversy over the surgical results. Thus, the surgical outcomes of extracapsular dissection for benign parotid tumor was compared to those of superficial parotidectomy.Materials &amp; Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted with 132 patients who received surgery for benign parotid tumor in our center from January 2014 to December 2018 retrospectively.Results: A total of 132 people were enrolled, with 62 people receiving extracapsular dissection, 38 people receiving partial superficial parotidectomy and 32 people receiving superficial parotidectomy. No significant difference was found between the three groups regarding complications such as facial nerve palsy, Frey's syndrome, or first bite syndrome. Operation time and hospital stay was significantly short in extracapsular dissection group.Conclusion: For well-selected cases, extracapsular dissection can be considered as an option for surgery of benign parotid tumor.