Part Of Preventive Medicine Research Articles

Lifestyle Medicine and Foreign Recommendations Aimed at Motivating Medical Staff to Lead a Healthy Lifestyle

The World Health Organization considers the implementation of healthy lifestyle recommendations a basic healthcare service and has already developed the necessary principles and recommendations. Currently, lifestyle medicine is actively developing abroad, and being defined as part of preventive medicine. In relation to the methodology of lifestyle medicine for medical staff, the principles of a healthy lifestyle are of particular importance abroad, as every medical staff, be it a doctor or a nurse, should set a good example for their patients and the general population. The principles of lifestyle medicine dictate that health professionals’ adherence to a healthy lifestyle is crucial since every health worker, whether a doctor or a nurse, should set a positive example for their patients and the general public.

Retrospective Investigation of Viral Hepatitis Seroprevalence in Patients Admitted at the Outpatient Clinics of Internal Medicine

ABSTRACT
 Aim: Viral hepatitis agents include Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus, which cause an important public health problem due to serious complications. Patients examined at the outpatient clinics of internal medicine are among main risk groups, as they have concomitant diseases and undergo various procedures. We aimed to investigate retrospectively the seroprevalence of viral hepatitis in outpatients in internal medicine in our region.
 Material and Methods: HBsAg and Anti-HCV parameters, and demographic data such as age and gender of patients admitted at the outpatient clinics of internal medicine at our hospital between January 2017 and July 2022 were retrospectively evaluated, with HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA levels of those who showed reactivity.
 Results: HBsAg test results of 2618 patients and Anti-HCV test results of 2943 patients were obtained in this study. The mean age of patients with HBsAg tests was 34.2±15.7, and mean age of patients with Anti-HCV test was 34.3±15.7 years. HBsAg reactivity rate was 0.9%; and the mean age of patients showing reactivity was 47.7±14.4 years. Anti-HCV reactivity rate was %0.1, with a mean age of 52.6±21.3 years. Both HBsAg and Anti-HCV reactivity was not present at the same patient in our study.
 Conclusion: Early diagnosis of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses decrease the risk of developing complications, easing treatment processes and decreasing the risk of contagion. Thus, increasing use of screening tests as part of preventive medicine is very important.

Ischemic stroke prediction of patients with carotid atherosclerotic stenosis via multi-modality fused network.

Carotid atherosclerotic stenosis of the carotid artery is an important cause of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to predict the presence or absence of clinical symptoms in unknown patients by studying the existence or lack of symptoms of patients with carotid atherosclerotic stenosis. First, a deep neural network prediction model based on brain MRI imaging data of patients with multiple modalities is constructed; it uses the multi-modality features extracted from the neural network as inputs and the incidence of diagnosis as output to train the model. Then, a machine learning-based classification algorithm is developed to utilize the clinical features for comparison and evaluation. The experimental results showed that the deep learning model using imaging data could better predict the clinical symptom classification of patients. As part of preventive medicine, this study could help patients with carotid atherosclerosis narrowing to prepare for stroke prevention based on the prediction results.

Predicting Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Using Machine Learning

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-known risk factor for stroke. Predicting the risk is important to prevent the first and secondary attacks of cerebrovascular diseases by determining early treatment. This study aimed to predict the ischemic stroke in AF patients based on the massive and complex Korean National Health Insurance (KNHIS) data through a machine learning approach.We extracted 65-dimensional features, including demographics, health examination, and medical history information, of 754,949 patients with AF from KNHIS. Logistic regression was used to determine whether the extracted features had a statistically significant association with ischemic stroke occurrence. Then, we constructed the ischemic stroke prediction model using an attention-based deep neural network. The extracted features were used as input, and the occurrence of ischemic stroke after the diagnosis of AF was the output used to train the model.We found 48 features significantly associated with ischemic stroke occurrence through regression analysis (p-value < 0.001). When the proposed deep learning model was applied to 150,989 AF patients, it was confirmed that the occurrence ischemic stroke was predicted to be higher AUROC (AUROC = 0.727 ± 0.003) compared to CHA2DS2-VASc score (AUROC = 0.651 ± 0.007) and other machine learning methods.As part of preventive medicine, this study could help AF patients prepare for ischemic stroke prevention based on predicted stoke associated features and risk scores.

Metabolic syndrome and its effect in dementia: Not your typical memory loss symptoms

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer Disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and the fourth cause of death in Puerto Rico (1). While perhaps there are no treatments for AD, treating modifiable risk factors offers opportunities for prevention of dementia concomitantly. Objective: Primary end point was to find an association between the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), its individual component, and dementia in a puertorrican population ≥ 65 years old. The secondary end point was to determine which aspects of cognition (Memory, Orientation, Judgment, Community affairs, Home/hobbies and Personal care) are mostly affected.MethodCross sectional study with 135 puertorricans ≥ 65 y/o with family history of Early Onset Alzheimer’s Disease (EOAD) who were divided by having MetS (n=47) vs without (n=88). MetS was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Waist circumference measurement was adapted with body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2. Cognition function was assessed by the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale.ResultOur study revealed no significant statistical association between MetS and moderate dementia in the participants ≥65 years old with family history of EOAD using the CDR Scale. Nonetheless, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 in participants with MetS was found to have a significant statistical association, or a trend towards significance, with moderate dementia in 5 out of 6 domains of cognitive performance, as per CDR ≥2: Memory (p= 0.066), Orientation (p=0.21), Community‐interactions (p= 0.040), Judgment (p=0.040) and Hobbies/Home (p= 0.099).ConclusionMetS had no statistical association with dementia. However, BMI ≥30 kg/m2 was associated with dementia, mostly affecting orientation, judgment and community tasks, not necessarily the typical memory loss. BMI’s ideal goal needs to be achieved and must be considered a priority in the patient’s primary care management. Clinically, ≥65 y/o puertorrican patients with MetS should be screened for dementia assessing the capacities to perform activities of daily living (ADL’s) not only memory tests, as part of preventive medicine.

Health-resort complex development as a part of preventive medicine in the context of providing well-being

Health-resort complex development as a part of preventive medicine in the context of providing well-beingThe present paper analyses current state of health-resort industry in Ukraine. We define possibilities for its improvement according to the foreign experience. Subject of the paper consists in setting of organizational, economic, administrative mechanisms to ensure the functioning and development of health-resort complexes. In the paper special attention is paid to the functional structure of governing health-resort organizations, structure of a resort spa complex, and scheme of a consumer proceeding during the consumption of resort spa medical service while staying at Ukrainian health resort. Some significant aspects of international experience of organizing medical spa industry are observed. The research allows to formulate recommendations aimed to enhance further innovative development of health tourism as a ground for providing well-being of people.

Choose the Right Code: Audiometry (Online Exclusive)

Tips on coding for audiometry screening, which is recommended to be performed as part of preventive medicine (well-child) visits.

동의보감(東醫寶鑑)을 통해본 예방의학적 신체활동 고찰

The purpose of this study is to present the value of preventive medicine and the direction and meaning of healthy life for modern-day people with a number of health issues through a literary review of physical activities as part of preventive medicine through the curing method stated in Donguibogam. Heo Jun said that the human body consists of three major components of Jeong, Gi and Shin, which serve as the elements of vital activities engaging in a mutually organic relationship. Apparently, cleansing one’s heart and eliminating vain greed is one of the most fundamental and the best ways to prevent illness from the perspective of today’s preventive medicine. That is, a proper understanding of the condition and status of our body and correct identification of various symptoms will be the best way to maintain health and to prevent diseases in a preventive manner. Once we understand our physical body properly, we will not use our body in a reckless manner, which leads to the phrase of ‘too much is as bad as too little’ from the recuperative perspective of Donguibogam. Therefore, Donguibogam still presents outstanding meanings and implications from the viewpoint of preventive medicine intended to prevent and cure frequent modern-day diseases. I hope that modern people inevitably engaging in irregular and precarious lifestyle will be able to live a healthier life through an ideal harmony of recuperative physical activities and regular and correct diet habits. Health is not given for free. It is required to sustain a steady practice in the right direction. The effort to back up this academically and to suggest the right direction will work in a complementary and harmonious manner in multidisciplinary approach, combining physical education with medicine.

Reliability of clinician scoring of the functional movement screen to assess movement patterns.

Clinical Scenario: Injuries are inevitable in the physically active population. As a part of preventive medicine, health care professionals often seek clinical tools that can be used in real time to identify factors that may predispose individuals to these injuries. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS), a clinical tool consisting of 7 individual tasks, has been reported as useful in identifying individuals in various populations that may be susceptible to musculoskeletal injuries. If factors that may predispose physically active individuals to injury could be identified before participation, clinicians may be able to develop a training plan based on FMS scores, which could potentially decrease the likelihood of injury and overall time missed from physical activities. However, in order for a screening tool to be used clinically, it must demonstrate acceptable reliability. Focused Clinical Question: Are clinicians reliable at scoring the FMS, in real time, to assess movement patterns of physically active individuals?

The effect of physical activity and body mass index on menopausal symptoms in Turkish women: a cross-sectional study in primary care

BackgroundConsidering the fact that, due to recent evidence, many women no longer prefer hormone replacement therapy, it is especially important to develop intervention options to alleviate menopausal symptoms. Although there is conflicting evidence concerning effectiveness, there is an indication that physical activity and weight control may be useful for alleviating symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical activity and body mass index on menopausal symptoms among menopausal women in Turkey.Methods305 women between the ages of 45 and 60 who visited the health center for various reasons were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Menopausal women, who visited one of five family physicians working in the same area, were included in the analyses. The Menopause Rating Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a generic medical and socio-demographic information questionnaire were used.ResultsWomen who were physically active had lower total menopausal (p < 0.001), somato-vegetative (p = 0.004), psychological (p = 0.002), and urogenital (p < 0.001) symptom scores than women who were less active. No differences in vasomotor symptoms were recorded related to physical activity level; significant differences were found for most menopausal symptoms, including sleep (p = 0.009) and sexual (p = 0.043) problems, joint and muscular discomfort (p < 0.001) and vaginal dryness (p = 0.016). BMI was not associated with total menopausal symptoms and with the subscales, excluding depressive mood (p = 0.009). A significant increasing trend in the rate of depressive mood was observed from normal through overweight to obese participants. The mean scores of the total menopausal symptoms were lower among the participants who were well educated, currently working and without chronic diseases.ConclusionsPhysical activity may play an important role in alleviating menopausal symptoms. As part of preventive medicine, primary care physicians should also stress lifestyle changes, including physical activity, to manage menopausal symptoms.

Whole genome sequencing in support of wellness and health maintenance

BackgroundWhole genome sequencing is poised to revolutionize personalized medicine, providing the capacity to classify individuals into risk categories for a wide range of diseases. Here we begin to explore how whole genome sequencing (WGS) might be incorporated alongside traditional clinical evaluation as a part of preventive medicine. The present study illustrates novel approaches for integrating genotypic and clinical information for assessment of generalized health risks and to assist individuals in the promotion of wellness and maintenance of good health.MethodsWhole genome sequences and longitudinal clinical profiles are described for eight middle-aged Caucasian participants (four men and four women) from the Center for Health Discovery and Well Being (CHDWB) at Emory University in Atlanta. We report multivariate genotypic risk assessments derived from common variants reported by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), as well as clinical measures in the domains of immune, metabolic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, respiratory, and mental health.ResultsPolygenic risk is assessed for each participant for over 100 diseases and reported relative to baseline population prevalence. Two approaches for combining clinical and genetic profiles for the purposes of health assessment are then presented. First we propose conditioning individual disease risk assessments on observed clinical status for type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension, and obesity. An approximate 2:1 ratio of concordance between genetic prediction and observed sub-clinical disease is observed. Subsequently, we show how more holistic combination of genetic, clinical and family history data can be achieved by visualizing risk in eight sub-classes of disease. Having identified where their profiles are broadly concordant or discordant, an individual can focus on individual clinical results or genotypes as they develop personalized health action plans in consultation with a health partner or coach.ConclusionThe CHDWB will facilitate longitudinal evaluation of wellness-focused medical care based on comprehensive self-knowledge of medical risks.

Validation of Three Body Composition Techniques with a Comparison of Ultrasound Abdominal Fat Depths against an Octopolar Bioelectrical Impedance Device

The aims of this study were to cross-validate three clinical-grade measures of body composition, using an octopolar Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA), an ultrasound analyzer (US) and Air-Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) and second to compare the US scans of total abdominal, subcutaneous and visceral fat depths (mm) against the trunk percent fat (%BF) from the octopolar BIA. Twenty-six college-aged (22.9 ± 1.35 years) men (n = 18) and women (n = 8) volunteered to participate in this study. Body composition was assessed using BIA (total and by segments), ADP and US. In addition, total abdominal, subcutaneous and visceral fat layers were measured using the US. All measurements were done in accordance with manufacturers’ guidelines. The %BF comparing the three clinical grade machines were all significantly correlated and no significant differences were found using a 1-way ANOVA. All three fat depths were significantly correlated to the trunk fat % via BIA, while significant differences were found for the 1-way ANOVA. A Tukey post-hoc test showed significant differences between the BIA trunk %BF and both subcutaneous and visceral US fat depths. Having valid ways to measure body composition and visceral fat that is accessible in terms of being transportable, cost effective, and simple to use, should become a part of preventive medicine.

Introduction to aerospace medicine

Recent reports show that over 2 billion people are travelling via air every year, and the number of countries involved in space exploration is growing. Aerospace medicine, one of the specialty areas in preventive medicine, focuses on the clinical care, research, and operational support of the health, safety, and performance of crewmembers and passengers of air and space vehicles. Flight surgeons are military medical officers who play an important role in these tasks. The civilian equivalent of the flight surgeon is the aviation medical examiner (AME). Among the challenges that we encounter at high altitudes are a change in pressure, noise, spa-tial disorientation, and acceleration. We should also overcome microgravity and radiation in space. The common in-flight medical emergencies are abdominal pain, diarrhea, chest pain, coll-apse, asthma, diabetes, and allergic reactions. There is only one aerospace medical institute, the Aerospace Medical Center, in the Republic of Korea. The Aerospace Medical Association of Korea, established in 1989, continues to grow. In the near future, aerospace medicine will be an important part of preventive medicine in the Republic of Korea.

Minimally invasive aesthetic procedures in young adults

Age is a significant factor in modifying specific needs when it comes to medical aesthetic procedures. In this review we will focus on young adults in their third decade of life and review minimally invasive aesthetic procedures other than cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Correction of asymmetries, correction after body modifying procedures, and facial sculpturing are important issues for young adults. The implication of aesthetic medicine as part of preventive medicine is a major ethical challenge that differentiates aesthetic medicine from fashion.

Happy healthy cats — the balance between health and socialisation

Rearing kittens involves striking a balance between meeting the behavioural needs of individuals and ensuring their physical health. It is well accepted that vaccination is an important part of preventive medicine, and socialisation and habituation can be considered as important parts of the process of ‘vaccinating’ against behavioural disorders.

Canadian Physicians’ Role in Contraception from the 19th Century to Now

Birth control techniques were widely available in 19th-century Canada, despite the fact that they were illegal. Most physicians remained silent about contraception, with a small minority vocally opposed to the practice of birth control. Canadian physicians were influenced by the social, economic, legal, and political values of their time, and their support of birth control initially lagged far behind public interest and need. At later points in Canadian medical history, physicians actively supported increased access to contraceptive services, and played a significant role in the legalization of contraception in this country. The Canadian birth control movement made tremendous strides in the 1930s with the dissemination of contraceptive information to the public and the opening of the first public birth control clinic. The Canadian Medical Association supported contraceptive practice as part of preventive medicine in the 1930s, and the legalization of contraception in the early and mid 1960s. Contraception was formally legalized in Canada in 1969 and has become a significant aspect of medical practice. In Canada, current medical controversies in contraception include issues of public education, advertising, contraceptive research, and the integration of contraception with other aspects of reproductive and sexual health in medical practice.

Should the Blood Donor Examination Be Used to Screen for Clinically Hidden Diseases and Risk Factors as a Part of Preventive Medicine?

Vox SanguinisVolume 47, Issue 5 p. 379-391 Should the Blood Donor Examination Be Used to Screen for Clinically Hidden Diseases and Risk Factors as a Part of Preventive Medicine? First published: November 1984 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1984.tb04143.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume47, Issue5November 1984Pages 379-391 RelatedInformation

Should the Blood Donor Examination Be Used to Screen for Clinically Hidden Diseases and Risk Factors as a Part of Preventive Medicine?

Should the Blood Donor Examination Be Used to Screen for Clinically Hidden Diseases and Risk Factors as a Part of Preventive Medicine?

Genetic Diagnosis in the Newborn: A Part of Preventive Medicine

Genetic Diagnosis in the Newborn: A Part of Preventive Medicine