Half Part Research Articles

A multi-node thermodynamic model on temperature-vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) for carbon capture: Process design and performance analysis

The adsorption technology plays a significant role in the carbon capture domain for mitigating the CO2 emissions, whereas the heterogeneous character is presented in practical adsorption process. In this study, a multi-node thermodynamic model is established for temperature-vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) considering the end non-uniform adsorption. It shows superior performance for the assessment of practical TVSA cycle compared with lumped model. Through the influence analysis of different operation parameters based on multi-node model, specific exergy consumption increases from 41.6 to 62.4 kJ/mol caused by simultaneous drop of heat consumption and lift of work consumption as feed pressure raises from 1.0 to 3.0 bar. Exergy efficiency ranges between 13.8 % and 15.0 % as CO2 concentration increases from 10 % to 20 %. However, those under ppm-level are below 0.86 %, presenting the higher exergy consumption but lower desorption capacity represented for direct air capture. The heat consumption of front half part of adsorption bed is 39.7 % higher than the latter one, proving the potential cascaded desorption of subzone heating is superior for reducing the energy consumption. Furthermore, exergy consumption is lifted due to enhancement of work consumption of vacuum pump as vacuum pressure reduces from 1.0 to 0.02 bar, resulting exergy efficiency drops from 19.6 % to 13.4 %.

The Suffix -ster in Present-day English: A Usage-based and Network Model Account

In this paper, we provide an analysis of the present-day distribution of the -ster suffix in English and account for that distribution through the diachronic forces that shaped it. Taking a constructional approach (Bybee 2010), we show that words with the -ster suffix in Middle English constituted a semantically coherent set in so far as the items in that set mostly referred to professions. In the latter part of the first half of the Modern English period, we find a renaissance of -ster usage, albeit with a semantic shift toward the identification of a human agent (usually male) involved in activities that were subversive, illicit or even criminal, e.g. gangster. We sketch out a model in which certain of the constructions stand as central members, or exemplars, which then serve as analogical bases to which other constructions with -ster are extended. We argue that the cumulative effect of the central exemplars of this set strengthens the representation of -ster as formally independent and imbues it with the emergent meaning of subversion, illicitness, or criminality. The result of these diachronic process is a very healthy productivity of -ster in later modern English and a distribution across several domains.

Robust topology and discrete fiber orientation optimization under principal material uncertainty

This paper introduces a formulation of the robust topology optimization problem that is tailored for designing fiber-reinforced composite structures with spatially varying principal mechanical properties. Specifically, a methodology is developed that incorporates the spatial variability in the engineering constants of the composite lamina into the concurrent topology (i.e., material distribution) and morphology (i.e., fiber orientation distribution) optimization problem for the minimization of the robust compliance function. The spatial variability in the mechanical properties of the lamina is modeled as a homogeneous random field within the design domain by means of the Karhunen-Loe´ve series expansion, and is thereafter intrusively propagated into the stochastic finite element analysis of the composite structure. To carry out the stochastic finite element analysis per iteration of the optimization cycle, the first-order perturbation method is utilized for approximating the current state variables of the physical system. The resulting robust topology and fiber orientation optimization problem is formulated step-by-step for the minimization of the robust compliance function. With the view of solving the optimization problem at hand by means of gradient-based solution algorithms, the first-order derivatives of the involved design functions w.r.t. the associated design variables are analytically derived. The present work concludes with a series of numerical examples, focusing on the benchmark academic case studies of the 2D cantilever and the half part of the Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm beam, aiming to demonstrate the developed methodology as well as to explore the effect that different parameterization instances of the random field bear on the predicted topology and morphology of the beams.

Flow boiling heat transfer in a plate heat exchanger with mixed chevron angle plates

This study designed a 120-plates PHE with combination of 60 plates with 65° chevron angle and 60 plates with 35° chevron angle. The plates with 65° chevron angle were assembled in the half part of the PHE which near the inlet port to provide higher flow resistance in comparing to the other 35° plates. The 35° chevron angle plates were put away from the inlet port to reduce the flow resistance caused by the longer flow path. It is aimed to reduce the flow maldistribution in the multiplate heat exchanger and improve its heat transfer performance. Refrigerant R-410A flow boiling heat transfer performance in the mixed angle PHE and another PHE with 65° chevron angle was tested for comparison. The test results show that heat transfer coefficient in the mixed chevron angle PHE is 20% to 70% higher than that in the 65° chevron angle PHE with 25% lower pressure drops. The mixed angle plates apparently reduced the liquid refrigerant flow deficient region and provided a better heat transfer performance.

Numerical Study of Composite Concrete Castellated Double Channel Beams with Strengthening Techniques

Current numerical research was devoted to investigating the effect of castellated steel beams without and with strengthening. The composite concrete asymmetrical double hot rolled steel channels bolted back to back to obtain a built-up I-shape form are used in this study. The top half part of the steel is smaller than the bottom half part, and the two parts were connected by bolting and welding. The ABAQUS/2019 program employed the same length and conditions of loading for four models: The first model is the reference without castellated and strengthening; the second model was castellated without strengthened; the third model was castellated and strengthened with reactive powder concrete encased in the steel web, and the fourth model was castellated and strengthened with reactive powder concrete and lacing steel rebar's welded diagonally on two sides of the steel web. According to the Numerical results, there was an increase in ultimate load capacity compared to the reference model of about 22.74%, 51.65%, and 77.98% in the second, third, and fourth models, respectively; also, there is a reduction in deflection of 55.52%, 58.74, and 60.55% in the second, third, and fourth models, respectively, compared to the level deflection at ultimate load for the reference model, with an increase in stiffness and ductility. In comparison to the I section, the fabrication of a castellated steel beam from the double channel is more cost-effective in terms of cutting steel loss at the ends of the castellated beam, this is due to the feature of rotation and reflection of the steel channel section during cutting and forming to castellated shape.

Optimal chest compression position for cardiopulmonary resuscitation determined by computed tomography image: retrospective cross-sectional analysis

The objective of this study was to determine the height of optimal hand position for chest compression during adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from the tip of the sternal xiphoid process (TOX) along with the relative heights of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and abdominal organs among the Thai population. The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted through a review of medical records and contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography. The total of 204 Thai patients without obvious chest deformity at Ramathibodi Hospital from January to June 2018 was included as part of a multi-regional study. The heights of the level of maximal LV width (LVmax), LOVT, top of liver and stomach with respect to TOX were measured on midline sagittal image. Mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 59.5 years and 23.9 kg/m2, respectively. One hundred and one subjects (49.5%) had pulmonary diseases. Mean height of the LVmax from TOX was 37.7 mm, corresponding to 20% of the sternal length (SL) in the inspiration arm raised position (IAR). The adjusted height of LVmax from TOX in the expiration arm-down position (EAD) was 89.7 mm (48% of SL). The inter-nipple line was at 84.5 mm (45.1% of SL) from TOX on IAR. Among 178 and 109 subjects whose uppermost part of the liver and stomach were above TOX, 80.4% and 94.5% were located within the lower half of the sternum, respectively. The adjusted optimal hand position for chest compression during CPR was at approximately 89.7 mm from TOX in EAD (48% of SL). The hand position at the upper part of the lower half of the sternum is closest to the adjusted LVmax and has a better chance to avoid compression of intraabdominal organs.Trial registration This trial was retrospectively registered on 2 February 2023 in the Thai Clinical Trial Registry, identification number TCTR 20230202006.

What are the Impacts of Global Warming on Rainfall Variability Patterns in the Daoura Watershed (South-East Morocco)?

The Daoura watershed (35,000 km2) is part of the great southern pre-Saharan Moroccan half, where aridity is the major handicap and water availability is a precious resource for development. This water constraint is particularly acute in the context of global warming and its impact on regional water resources. Rainfall, as a key climatic element of the water resource, requires a more detailed and precise study in order to identify the possible beginning of such a change and the current rainfall trends. Such an objective required monthly rainfall data recorded on a dozen climate stations and for a period of more than half a century (1957-2018). After a Wong homogeneity test, a Principal Component Analysis, performed on the monthly rainfall variables, is used for the reconstruction of the missing data and for a spatial-temporal regionalization. The scores thus deduced from this regionalization will be used for an analysis of rainfall trends, according to the Man Kendall test, and for an analysis of the beginning of a change according to the Pettitt and Hubert stationarity tests. The results obtained contribute to the implementation of a sustainable management of water resources in a pre-Saharan environment where the oasis resources represent a major issue, strongly threatened by global warming.

Oversewing the Staple Line: Does It Safe to Prevent Leakage?

Introduction: The staple line (SL) leak remains one of the most serious complications after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The present study aims to determine whether reinforcing the SL with sutures is effective in maintaining tissue integrity. Materials and Methods: LSG Specimens of 60 patients were ex vivo studied. The specimens were divided into three groups: In group 1, the entire SL was reinforced, while the upper half part of the SL was reinforced from fundus to antrum in group 2. The SL was not reinforced in group 3. Then, the pressure inside the sample was increased, and the bursting pressure location and pressure value during the bursting were recorded. Results: The bursting pressure was significantly higher in entire and half oversewed SL groups than the none reinforced group (group 1: 115 mmHg [95-170]; group 2: 95 mmHg [80-120]; group 3: 40 mmHg [22-60], respectively, [P < .001]). The most common site of bursting was in the middle ⅓ of SL (35, 53.8%), followed by the proximal ⅓ part of SL (18, 27.7%), and the distal ⅓ part of SL (12, 18.5%), respectively. The bursting site was significantly more frequent in the corpus than the other parts of the SL (P = .013). Conclusion: Reinforcing the SL with sutures preserves tissue integrity. Although bursting was most frequently observed in the corpus region ex vivo, the fact that almost all real-life leaks develop in the area close to the Angle of His. This situation suggests that strengthening the suture line with reinforcement alone will not be protective enough against leaks in the fundus line, and factors such as tissue ischemia may be considered.

Spinoza on the Power of Reason Over the Passions

ABSTRACT In the first half of Part 5 of the Ethics, Spinoza presents his directions for mitigating the passions through reason. He touts his account of the power of reason over the passions as ground-breaking and unique, while positioning himself squarely within the traditional debate of akrasia, or weakness of will. Spinoza claims he is the first to identify the affects through their characteristic effects, and demonstrate the way these effects can be countered by the mind’s activity. It follows that Spinoza’s claim for originality can be explained in (at least) two ways: first, passions themselves have been misunderstood, and second, previous philosophers have misunderstood the relationship between reason and the passions. In the first part of this paper, I place Spinoza’s discussion of the passions and reason’s power over them in a historical context. Next, I present Spinoza’s definition of the affects, and his directions for ‘destroying’ the passions. In the third section I point to the differences between my interpretation and that of recent commentators. Finally, I discuss the way in which Spinoza’s directions for mitigating the passions serve as the psychological basis for his moral theory.

Cognitive Disturbances among Migraineurs and Non-migraineurs

Migraine is a kind of headache, in which patients feel intense ache on half part of their brain. They also feel queasiness, vomit, extreme sensation towards brightness or noise etc. The purpose of this research is to investigate cognitive disturbances of migraine in adult patients. Cognitive disturbance refers to the cognitive distortion which means negative thinking towards one’s own- self or about external world. 100 diagnosed migraine patients in which 50 male and 50 female have been selected from various hospitals of Ranchi. CDS (Cognitive Distortion Scale). Then after approximately similar control group of 100 healthy adults were selected by using GHQ-12 (General Health Questionnaire-12) and they were also administered CDS. The present study reveals that level of cognitive distortion is different among migraine patients and healthy adults. Migraineurs have higher level of cognitive distortion than non-migraineurs and gender does not influence the level of cognitive distortion in migraineurs but healthy male adults have a bit higher level of cognitive distortion than healthy female adults.

A literature review of Lohitaksha Marma with special reference to anatomical structure

According to Sushruta, Marma are constituted by confluence of Mansa, Sira, Snayu, Aasthi and Sandhi. They are the Sthana of Prana. According to Acharya Sushruta, Marma comprises of Jala, Vayu, Tej, Satva, Raja, Tama and Bhootatma, so that injury of Marma may lead to death. The concept of Marma is important in the clinical and surgical point of view. The science of Marma is called as half part of whole surgery. In this article an attempt is made to study the Lohitaksha Marma and its Viddha Lakshana (Traumatic effect) by considering the related literature.

A unimodal sequence with mode at a quarter length

ABSTRACT We show that the number of partitions with m even parts and largest hook length n is strongly unimodal with mode for . We establish this result by induction, using a 5-term recurrence due to Lin, Xiong and Yan, and two 4-term recurrences obtained by Zeilberger's algorithm. The sequence is not log-concave. Using Möbius transformation and the method of interlacing zeros, we obtain that every zero of every generating polynomial lies on the left half part of the circle . Moreover, as an application of Wang and Zhang's characterization of root geometry of polynomial sequences that satisfy a recurrence, we confirm that the zeros are densely distributed on the half circle.

Bilateral Globus Pallidus Externus Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Refractory Tourette Syndrome: An Open Clinical Trial

ObjectivesWe have previously proposed that Tourette syndrome (TS) is the clinical expression of the hyperactivity of globus pallidus externus (GPe) and various cortical areas. This study was designed to test this hypothesis by verifying the efficacy and safety of bilateral GPe deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treating refractory TS. Materials and MethodsIn this open clinical trial, 13 patients were operated on. Target coordinates (center of GPe) were obtained by direct visualization. Physiological mapping was performed with macrostimulation and microrecording. Primary and secondary outcome measures were, respectively, responder and improvement rates of TS and comorbidities, according to pre- and postoperative scores on the following assessment instruments: Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Beck Depression Inventory/Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory/Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Concentrated Attention test. ResultsIntraoperative stimulation (100 Hz/5.0V) did not produce any adverse effects or impact on tics. Microrecording revealed bursting cells discharging synchronously with tics in the central part of the dorsal half of GPe. Patients were followed up for a mean of 61.46±48.50 months. Responder rates were 76.9%, 75%, 71.4%, 71.4%, and 85.7%, respectively, for TS, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), depression, anxiety, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mean improvements among responders in TS, OCD, depression, and anxiety were 77.4%, 74.7%, 89%, and 84.8%, respectively. After starting stimulation, tic improvement was usually delayed, taking up to ten days to manifest. Afterward, it increased over time, usually reaching its maximum at approximately one year postoperatively. The best stimulation parameters were 2.3V to 3.0V, 90 to 120 μsec, and 100 to 150 Hz, and the most effective contacts were the two dorsal ones. Two complications were registered: reversible impairment of previous depression and transient unilateral bradykinesia. ConclusionsBilateral GPe-DBS proved to be low risk and quite effective for treating TS and comorbidities, ratifying the pathophysiological hypothesis that led to this study. Moreover, it compared favorably with DBS of other targets currently in use.

Comparison of the Retrosigmoid Suprameatal and Anterior Subtemporal Transpetrosal Approaches After Full Exposure of the Internal Acoustic Meatus.

Surgical approaches to the ventral brainstem and petroclival regions are complex, and standard retrosigmoid and subtemporal approaches are often inadequate. Retrosigmoid suprameatal tubercle (RSMTA) and anterior subtemporal transpetrosal (ASTA) approaches may provide extended surgical exposure with less brain retraction. The objective of this study was to evaluate advantages and disadvantages of RSMTA vs ASTA, and illustrate the surgical corridors and 3-dimensional microsurgical anatomy of the related structures. Four silicone-injected adult cadaver heads (8 sides) were dissected to evaluate the accessibility of lesions located at the petrous apex, ventral brainstem, and pontomedullary region using ASTA and RSTMA. Both ASTA and RSMTA provide access from the petrous apex to the ventral lower pons and pontomedullary junction. A greater extent of safely resected bone was found in ASTA vs RSMTA. ASTA provides a larger surgical view to the ventrolateral midpons, peritrigeminal region, superior neurovascular complex, pontomesencephalic junction, and posterior cavernous sinus. Meanwhile, through cranial nerve V mobilization, RSMTA provides a larger surgical view to the lower half part of the pons, ventrolateral part of the pontomedullary junction, and middle and lower neurovascular structures. The choice of surgical approach is determined by considering the area where the lesion originates, lesion size, the anatomic structures to which it extends, and evaluation of the area that can be surgically exposed. Our study highlights the differences between these approaches and important surgical anatomic considerations.

Russian Native - Maga Rahmani: The First Female Writer of Afghanistan and Her Tadhkirats

This article discusses about Maga Rahmani who native Russian woman from Afghanistan was and who wrote very meaningful tadhkirats. Maga Rahmani was very first woman scholar who got involved in creative research. Her works contain much valuable information and facts concerned with the system of government in Mavarannahr, Iran, Afghanistan, and India. Also, some of her tadhkiras is an important source in studying the issues related to the Baburid period and the role of princesses in public policy and literature. The information provided by Maga Rahmani serves as an important source in covering the reforms carried out to improve the governance of the period, and in evaluating the poetry and art of the period under study. In her tadhkirat, Maga Rahmani focuses on the Baburids, mainly on the life and work of Akbarshah, Jahangir Mirza, Shah Jahan, and the queens of that period, Gulbadan Begim, Nurjahon Begim, and Zebunniso Begim. In turn, the tadhkirat of “Pardaneshinone suhanguy” is very valuable in studying the role of Baburi and Timurid princesses in public policy. This article research about life, works, activities of Maga Rahmani as well as the information can be obtained or felt about the political system, economical condition and cultural lifestyle of Afghanistan in XX century’s first half part.

ZBTB7A regulates primed-to-naïve transition of pluripotent stem cells via recognition of the PNT-associated sequence by zinc fingers 1-2 and recognition of γ-globin -200 gene element by zinc fingers 1-4.

ZBTB7A, a transcription factor containing a tandem array of four Cys2-His2 zinc fingers (ZFs), is vital for multiple physiological events through directional binding to different genomic loci. Our previously determined crystal structure of ZBTB7A in complex with a GCCCCTTCCCC sequence revealed that all four ZFs (ZF1-4) are involved in binding to γ-globin -200 gene element to repress fetal haemoglobin expression. Recently, it has been reported that ZBTB7A drives primed-to-naïve transition (PNT) of pluripotent stem cells through binding to a 12-bp consensus sequence ([AAGGACCCAGAT], referred to as PNT-associated sequence). Here, we report a crystal structure of ZBTB7A ZF1-3 in complex with the PNT-associated sequence. The structure shows that ZF1 and ZF2 primarily contribute to recognizing the GACCC core sequence mimicking the half part (GCCCC) of γ-globin -200 gene element via specific hydrogen bonding and van der Waals contacts. The mutations of key residues in ZF1-2 remarkably reduce their binding affinities for the PNT-associated sequence in vitro and cannot restore epiblast stem cells to the naïve pluripotent state in vivo. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that ZBTB7A mainly employs its ZF1-2 to recognize the PNT-associated sequence but recognizes γ-globin -200 gene element via ZF1-4, providing insights into the molecular mechanism for the diversity of ZBTB7A's genomic localization.

Enhancing and Detecting the Lung Cancer using Deep Learning

In the medical sector cancer detection became the most challenging task. Here a lot of research is carried out by the scientific fraternity. Most medical issues are getting better answers because to modern technology like artificial intelligence and models based on neural networks. In this the first half part of the paper discuss about the CNN model by using regularization and augmentation techniques for getting the better accuracy result. The second part delas with developing and demonstrating an application for detecting the lung cancer using the deep learning (DL). Here the application is built using flask which works based on the Python programming language. This acts as an application programming interface (API) between the cloud server and the proposed application mod el. Heroku cloud platform was used as a service base to launch the software and to use the application with highest reliability. The internal functionality of the anticipated model is created on convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture with ten layers to obtain high accuracy. The model demonstrated a considerable training and validation accuracy of 94% and 92% respectively.

A Numerical Study on the Application of Geocell Mat System for Buried Flexible Pipes

Mitigating surface settlement due to the applied pressure caused by loaded footings, construction activities, and traffic loads is of particular concern for designers. For sites with buried conduits at shallow depth, this problem becomes even more challenging as a result of transferred pressure to the pipe and subsequent pipe overstressing and deforming concerns. Several solutions have been introduced by many researchers to tackle this problem and yet new approaches are welcomed by engineering parties. The presented study aims to investigate the effect of Geocell Mat System (GMS) as soil reinforcement to control the footing and pipe performance. As the three-dimensional geocell structure has a significant effect on the soil-geocell interaction, several 3D models employing ABAQUS finite-element program were developed to examine the efficiency of mat systems. The focus was on the geometrical characteristics of GMS including the width of the mat (Bg), mat anchors distance (s), and mat thickness (h). The results of conducted analyses show that by including a mat system beneath the loaded area, the maximum ground surface is noticeably reduced. The role of Bg, however, should be considered with particular attention. It was concluded that by using mats with small widths, the buried pipe experiences radial strains more than values in unreinforced cases. Moreover, it has been shown that the upper half of buried pipe is subjected to the more variation in all studied cases compared to the lower half part. As Well, the effect of anchors distance on the performance of pipe and footing could be regarded as an insignificant factor.

Effect of display of YOLO’s object recognition results to HMD for an operator controlling a mobile robot

An operator feels a burden when he/she controls a rescue robot remotely because he/she has to keep watching camera images to find the target object. We think that this burden can be reduced by the combination of Head Mounted Display (HMD) and object recognition by deep learning. In the first half part of this study, we examine the effect that how presentation method by You Only Look Once (YOLO), a deep learning algorithm, and its recognition results to an operator wearing HMD. In the experiment, three methods of presentation were set: no display of object recognition, display only one object recognition result, and display 80 kinds of object recognition results. Under each presentation method, we measured the time it took for the operator to operate the robot and complete the given task. Additionally, we ask a questionnaire for each experiment. The results of the questionnaire showed that the method to present only one object recognition result was useful. In the second half part of this study, we develop a system to present 3D images with YOLO added, to further ease the burden of object search. Furthermore, we numerically prove that this system represents depth. In the experiment, two methods of displaying were set up: 2D images with Bounding Box (BB) by YOLO and 3D images with BB by YOLO. For each method of presentation, the operator operated the robot and recorded the number of objects found within a time limit. Additionally, we asked a questionnaire at the end of the search in each condition and at the end of all the experiments. The results of the questionnaire suggested points that need to be improved. Furthermore, we consider the flicker of the image found in the experiment.

Simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature based on a side-polish and V-groove plastic optical fiber SPR sensor.

A simple plastic optical fiber (POF) based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is proposed and demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of refractive index (RI) and temperature. The sensor consists of a series of V-grooves along the POF and a side-polish structure at the other side of the fiber. The V-groove structure can alter the SPR excitation angle and act as a mode filter, effectively enhancing the SPR effect and narrowing the SPR wavelength width. After coating a layer of thermosensitive material-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film on half part of the fiber probe, a dual-parameter sensor probe is obtained for RI and temperature measurement. Experimental results show the RI sensitivity of the prepared probe can reach 1546 nm/RIU in the RI range of 1.335-1.37 RIU and the temperature sensitivity is -0.83 nm/°C in the temperature range of 20-80°C. The sensor is simple in structure and low cost, and has potential applications in the biochemical sensing fields.