Parliamentary Diary Research Articles

„Stare to miasto i nieładne, ale wielkie...” Padewskie doświadczenia i obserwacje przybyszy z Rzeczypospolitej

“It’s an old town and not very pretty, but huge...”. Paduan experiences and observations of travellers from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth The aim of the study is to examine students’ stays in as well as short pleasure visits to Padua by the inhabitants of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the sixteenth–eighteenth centuries. An analysis of different categories of these visits has made it possible to reconstruct the educational and tourist expectations of the visitors and to describe the observations they were making in loco. This has allowed the author to define the visitors’ cultural inspirations, which were the primary effect of the stays at the University of Padua and in the city itself. Moreover, the author has been able to outline the gradual evolution of that impact on the successive generations of the Polish-Lithuanian elite. The travel diaries of people who visited Padua have been the main primary source of the study. Other sources include the memoirs of noblemen and other narratives not directly connected with foreign travels. The analysis has also encompassed parliamentary diaries and political leaflets, which illustrate the possible contexts in which this Italian educational centre may have been perceived. As a result, the author has been able to reconstruct and describe the evolution in the significance of Padua and the changing social associations this university centre created among the visitors as well as the inhabitants of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth.

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

Parliamentary HistoryVolume 41, Issue S1 p. 501-520 Bibliography SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY First published: 17 October 2022 https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-0206.12658Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume41, IssueS1Texts & Studies Series 18: The Booksellers' Bill 1774 Legislating in the 18th Century: A View from Sir Henry Cavendish's Parliamentary Diary, by Phillip JohnsonOctober 2022Pages 501-520 RelatedInformation

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Parliamentary HistoryVolume 41, Issue S1 p. ix-ix Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First published: 17 October 2022 https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-0206.12651Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume41, IssueS1Texts & Studies Series 18: The Booksellers' Bill 1774 Legislating in the 18th Century: A View from Sir Henry Cavendish's Parliamentary Diary, by Phillip JohnsonOctober 2022Pages ix-ix RelatedInformation

‘But Private Notes for My Own Memory’? Parliamentary Diaries, Parliamentary History and the Politics of Information in Early Stuart England*

AbstractEarly modern parliamentary diaries are a standard source for historians, and have long been used as a supplement to the official journals in reconstructions of debates and business at Westminster. This article adopts a contrasting approach and examines what diaries – viewed as sources in their own right – reveal about parliament and its members, methods of contemporary note‐taking, and the circulation and readership of political information. It begins with a review of the evidence for why, how, and to what ends members kept parliamentary diaries, before exploring the extent of their dissemination in early Stuart England. While recent literature has emphasized the circulation of materials relating to Jacobean and especially Caroline parliaments during the early 17th century, the article recovers the existence of a simultaneous interest in the parliamentary proceedings of the Elizabethan era. At a time when the future of parliament seemed uncertain, it argues that the evident market for, and readership of, Elizabethan material reflects contemporaries’ increasing recognition of parliament's significance within the English state and their changing attitudes towards parliamentary history. Moreover, while Elizabethan parliamentary diaries and journals seemingly reinforced memories of a past ‘golden age’ of parliamentary rule, the article contends that contemporaries’ production, dissemination, and reading of that material was a conscious form of political action in response to the constitutional crisis of their day.

The Elizabethan House of Commons and St Stephen's Chapel Westminster

AbstractThis essay explores the significance of the Elizabethan house of commons meeting in a converted royal chapel within the Palace of Westminster. In 1548 the dissolved collegiate chapel of St Stephen at Westminster was given over to the exclusive use of the Commons, providing MPs with a dedicated meeting space for the first time. Although a great deal has been written about Elizabethan parliaments, little attention has been paid to the physical spaces within which MPs gathered, debated and legislated. Drawing on parliamentary diaries and exchequer records and informed by digital reconstructions of the Commons chamber modelled by the St Stephen's Chapel project at the University of York, this essay argues for the enduring influence of the architecture and decoration of the medieval chapel on the procedure, culture, ritual, and self‐awareness of the Elizabethan house of commons. Famously likened to a theatre by the MP and writer on parliamentary procedure, John Hooker, the Commons chamber is analysed as a space in which parliamentary speeches were performed and disrupted. The sound of debate is contrasted with other kinds of noise including scoffing and laughter, disruptive coughing, and prayers led by the clerk and the Speaker of the Commons. The iconography of the chamber, including the royal arms above the Speaker's chair and the mace carried by the serjeant‐at‐arms, is interpreted as enabling a culture of counsel and debate as much as an assertion of monarchical power. Evidence is also presented for the Commons chamber as a site of political memory.

„Acta interregnorum” — rękopiśmienne zbiory materiałów dokumentujących dzieje bezkrólewi w Rzeczypospolitej szlacheckiej w XVII i XVIII wieku

ACTA INTERREGNORUM — MANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS OF MATERIALS DOCUMENTING THE HISTORY OF INTERREGNA IN THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIESThe most important types of handwritten books in Poland in the 17th–18th centuries were collections of public life materials documenting important political events. Such events in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth included interregna, lasting from the death of a king to the election of his successor and marked by great intensification of political life. The collections documenting interregna, usually entitled Acta interregnorum, contained both official and private documents, including correspondence of state dignitaries, political writings, resolutions of senate councils, regional assemblies and the parliament as well as parliamentary diaries. Such collections were compiled for the interregna of 1632, 1696–1697 and 1733, with the collection for the 1632 interregnum appearing in two different editions. With the exception of the 1632 interregnum documents,edited by Jakub Sobieski, they appeared in versions differing in terms of the selection and arrangement of their contents, but the differences between the collections were not substantial and did not change the fundamental concepts of such works. The author has identified a total of 45 copies of interregnum files, with the most substantial being the files for the 1733 interregnum and the civil war of 1734–1736 which ensued as a result of the interregnum. The Acta interregnorum were disseminated through copying of the various compilations; they were also commissioned, that it compiled in an organised manner. Unfortunately, with the exception of the collection edited by Jakub Sobieski, we do not know their authors, but the most important role was probably played here by officials associated with the Primates of Poland — Archbishops of Gniezno, who, acting as “interreges”, were in charge of the state’s policy during the interregna.

An Industrious Mind: The Worlds of Sir Simonds D’Ewes by J. Sears McGee

Reviewed by: An Industrious Mind: The Worlds of Sir Simonds D’Ewes by J. Sears McGee Ann Hughes McGee, J. Sears – An Industrious Mind: The Worlds of Sir Simonds D’Ewes. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2015. Pp. 511. The parliamentary diaries kept by the MP Simonds D’Ewes are crucial sources for the Long Parliament, while his autobiography affords important insights into Puritan piety and family relationships. While most historians have used just a few of D’Ewes’ manuscripts, however, Sears McGee’s authoritative account is founded on half a century’s research in the complete archive: 70 volumes of diaries, letters, notes, and drafts in both Latin and English. Many scholars have found the sources more interesting than their author, often dismissed as a prig and a pedant. McGee is aware of such views, but provides a fundamentally sympathetic and also a more complex and satisfying picture of D’Ewes, as “a Puritan, a Parliamentarian, a lawyer, genealogist and antiquarian” (p. 435)—and, it should be added, as a son, brother, husband, and father. The record of D’Ewes’ life is unparalleled in early modern Europe, and McGee’s book does full justice to its range and depth. His structure, combining chronological and thematic approaches, makes for occasional repetition but is an effective means of dealing with the multiplicities of D’Ewes’ life. Political historians familiar with D’Ewes will learn much from McGee’s study, which also provides many insights into less well known and sometimes surprising aspects of D’Ewes as newshound, antiquarian, and family man. It was typical of this compulsive writer and staunch Calvinist to write, after his own conversion, a treatise of the “marks and signs” of assurance. Predestinarian theology, a powerful sense of God’s providence, and a committed regime of Puritan piety were fundamental to all D’Ewes’ endeavours. His greatest delight, however, was in his “precious studies” in genealogy, numismatics, politics, and history. Like his father, Simonds trained as a lawyer, but marriage to the heiress Anne Clopton and his father’s death removed any need to practise. From 1631, D’Ewes combined life as a country gentleman at Stowlangtoft, Suffolk, with frequent trips to London to gather news and pursue research.The book includes an important account of D’Ewes’ news-gathering networks and methods. An interest in news was in itself a political activity, but McGee notes that until relatively late in life D’Ewes regarded formal political office as a diversion from scholarship. Unlike his father, he was never a JP; only in 1639 was he handed a poisoned chalice as ship-money sheriff for Suffolk, and then in 1640 elected MP for Sudbury in the Long Parliament. McGee’s energy and learning have matched D’Ewes’ own, working steadily through the voluminous sources produced by this “industrious mind.” D’Ewes loved collecting and taking notes of ancient manuscripts; he liked organizing his notes and even planning and drafting treatises on a host of topics from ancient British history to the contemporary triumphs of Gustavus Adolphus, but few works were ever finished. McGee’s account of D’Ewes’ intellectual interests is a very significant contribution to scholarship on the learned gentry. His discussion is inevitably based largely on the intimidating D’Ewes archive, so that we see the world largely through D’Ewes’ eyes; it is not always clear where he is typical or distinctive. Unlike some of his antiquarian contacts, D’Ewes was not nostalgic [End Page 213] for a pre-reformation England; his historical researches reflected Puritan anxieties about contemporary religious developments. D’Ewes was convinced that the true religion of the early Britons had been attacked by the free-will doctrines of the Welsh monk Pelagius; in D’Ewes own time the “brain sicke Arminius” had revived the “dregs of Pelagian blasphemies,” combining with popery to threaten the true Protestant (Calvinist) religion (pp. 127, 159). In discussing D’Ewes’ religious and political life, McGee does locate D’Ewes within recent scholarship, but he is rather reticent on how this account of D’Ewes might modify that scholarship. McGee elaborates a familiar distinction between a man radical in his religious views, while being...

The Irish Parliamentary Diary (1776–89) of Sir Henry Cavendish

This article clarifies the history of the ‘parliamentary diary’ compiled by Sir Henry Cavendish while a member of the Irish parliament between 1776 and 1789, correcting misapprehensions in previous accounts, in particular the assertion by A.P.W. Malcomson and D.J. Jackson that Cavendish paid less attention to recording debates in the 1780s.

Reconstructing the Debates of the Protectorate Parliaments: The Pitfalls of J.T. Rutt's Edition of ‘Thomas Burton's’ Diary

Although John Towill Rutt's 1828 edition of the Diary of Thomas Burton remains a key source for the parliamentary history of the Cromwellian Protectorate, remarkably few historians – past or present – have paused to consider its limitations. This article offers the first thorough examination of Rutt's editorial practices to highlight a number of reasons why modern scholars should treat his edition with extreme caution. While touching upon those familiar debates concerning the appropriate use of parliamentary diaries in the early modern period, this article suggests that Rutt's editorial practices add further layers of complexity to how historians should approach his edition of Thomas Burton's diary. By focusing upon the debates of Richard Cromwell's parliament the second half of this article demonstrates how the over‐reliance of scholars upon Rutt's edition has helped to propagate a number of misconceptions about both the membership and nature of that parliament as a whole. The article concludes by recommending that historians approach Rutt's edition with far more care. In particular, it would be far better to return to Burton's manuscript diary and, where possible, to collate it with other surviving parliamentary diaries from this period.

Bills of Attainder

What are bills of attainder? The traditional view is that bills of attainder are legislation that punishes an individual without judicial process. The Bill of Attainder Clause in Article I, Section 9 prohibits the Congress from passing such bills. But what about the President? The traditional view would seem to rule out application of the Clause to the President (acting without Congress) and to executive agencies, since neither passes bills.This Article aims to bring historical evidence to bear on the question of the scope of the Bill of Attainder Clause. The argument of the Article is that bills of attainder are best understood as a summary form of legal process, rather than a legislative act. This argument is based on a detailed historical reconstruction of English and early American practices, beginning with a study of the medieval Parliament rolls, year books, and other late medieval English texts, and early modern parliamentary diaries and journals covering the attainders of Elizabeth Barton under Henry VIII and Thomas Wentworth, earl of Strafford, under Charles I. The Article then turns to America, where it illustrates the influence of English practices in revolutionary New York and Pennsylvania, drawing primarily on legislative records, correspondence, memoirs, and early histories. The Article then leverages this historical research to argue in favor of interpreting the Bill of Attainder Clause to apply to summary legal proceedings conducted by the Executive.

Językowe sygnały recepcji mów w staropolskich diariuszach sejmowych i sprawozdaniach stenograficznych z obrad sejmu

Językowe sygnały recepcji mów w staropolskich diariuszach sejmowych i sprawozdaniach stenograficznych z obrad sejmu

The long parliament of Charles II

Charles II's first and most important parliament sat for eighteen years without a general election, earning itself the sobriquet Long. In 1661 this parliament began in eager compliance with the new king. Gradually disillusioned by Charles's maneuvers, however, its members came to demand more control of the economy, religion, and foreign policy, starting a struggle that led to the Exclusion crisis. This lively book is the first full study of this Restoration Parliament. Using parliamentary diaries, newsletters, memoirs, letters from members of parliament, scofflaw pamphlets, and the king's own speeches, Annabel Patterson describes this second Long Parliament in an innovative and challenging way, stressing that how its records were kept and circulated is an important part of the story. Because the parliamentary debates of this age were jealously guarded from public knowledge, unofficial sources of information flourished. Often these are more candid or colorful than official records. Eighteenth-century historians, especially if Whiggish, recycled many of them for posterity. The book, therefore, not only recovers a crucial period of parliamentary history, one that helps to explain the Glorious Revolution, it also opens a discussion about historiographical method.

People and parliament: representative rights and the English revolution

Introduction: Pasts and Presents Legislative Beginnings: 1603-1610 The Constitutional Dimension The Foreign Policy Dimension Legislative Ambitions Frustrated The Vacuum Filled: the Triennial Act of 1641 Politics and Religion: the Balance of Motivation Statute Law and Civil War: 'a right that induced men to fight' The Sovereignty of Parliament Epilogue: 'a Parliamentary Man' Appendix I: Thomas Hobbes and the idea of the representative Appendix II: Dartmouth's parliamentary diary

The History of the Scottish Parliament, Volume Two. Parliament and Politics in Scotland, 1567-1707 (review)

Reviewed by: The History of the Scottish Parliament, Volume Two. Parliament and Politics in Scotland, 1567-1707 David L. Smith The History of the Scottish Parliament, Volume Two. Parliament and Politics in Scotland, 1567–1707. Edited by Keith M. Brown and Alastair J. Mann. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 2005. xii, 303 pp. £50.00. ISBN 0748614958. The creation of a new Scottish parliament in 1999 has naturally helped to stimulate a resurgence of interest in the history of the parliament that existed in Scotland up until the union with England in 1707. That interest has borne fruit most notably in the Scottish Parliament Project (S.P.P.) at the University of St Andrews, which was established in 1997 under the direction of Keith Brown. With funding from the Scottish Office and latterly the Scottish Executive, together with the British Academy, the S.P.P. has created a new digital edition of the acts of the Scottish parliament from its earliest known proceedings in 1235 up to 1707. The S.P.P. is also producing a three-volume history of the Scottish parliament, of which the present volume is the second. This is a fascinating and highly accomplished collection that takes discussion of the Scottish parliament during the later sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to a new level of sophistication while also locating it within the wider context of early-modern European assemblies most successfully. The introduction, by Keith Brown and AlastairMann, presents a splendidly detailed survey of the historiography and sources for the Scottish parliament in this period. Their discussion shows the need not only to assess the Scottish parliament on its own terms without imposing inappropriate (frequently English) yardsticks of comparison, but also to set it against the background of continental assemblies, whose equal it was in terms of political effectiveness and procedural development. In particular, the continuing influence of the nobility in leading the unicameral Scottish parliament emerges very strongly in the introduction and in many of the essays that follow. To take just one example, John Scally's excellent study of the Covenanter parliaments between 1639 and 1651 demonstrates the crucial role that James Hamilton, third [End Page 270] marquess and first duke of Hamilton, played in guiding both the parliaments and Scottish politics more generally. This essay is particularly notable for its use of Hamilton's parliamentary diary for 1648 - a 12,000-word manuscript which has only recently been discovered - and it whets the appetite for Scally's edition of this diary and for his biography of Hamilton. A number of the essays are significant for the light that they throw on individual monarchs and the changing nature of royal policies. Alan MacDonald and Vaughan Wells draw out the underlying wisdom and skill of James VI in handling the parliaments of 1592, 1612 and 1621. By contrast, John Young shows why Charles I's Scottish coronation in June 1633 was so provocative, and why his treatment of the Scottish parliament that met in the same month, together with his sweeping aside of grievances that the conventions of estates had expressed in 1625 and 1630, appeared unnecessarily high-handed. Perhaps the most striking reassessment of a monarch's behaviour is Alastair Mann's study of James VII, which suggests that James's greatest failing was not that he was guilty of unprecedentedly heavy-handed manipulation of the Scottish parliament, but rather that he insisted on working with a dangerously narrow circle of advisers comprising only a few favoured ministers. This opens the way to a major revision of James's rule in Scotland and the origins of the revolution of 1688-9. Another virtue of this collection is that its coverage extends to sections of the story that have often been relatively neglected hitherto. Thus Gillian MacIntosh's account of the Restoration period and the role of Lauderdale examines Charles II's reign as a whole, whereas many previous accounts (Clare Jackson's is an important and noteworthy exception) have tended to concentrate on the years 1660-3. Similarly, the 1690s are often a rather shadowy decade, sandwiched between the drama of the revolution against James II and the events leading up to the union of 1707...

Political Discourses of the Polish Revolution, 1788–92

The Polish Revolution, usually known as the Four Years Sejm (Diet or Parliament), was not a violent insurrection. Instead it was a parliamentary seizure of power within a political system that was formally ‘republican’, but in practice controlled until 1788 from St Petersburg. It yielded a series of far-reaching reforms, notably the Constitution of 3 May 1791. This article emphasizes the role of shifts in political discourse in bringing about constitutional change, employing a methodological mélange of Quentin Skinner, Paul Ricoeur, Maurice Cowling, and Lewis Namier. It introduces the extraordinary phenomenon of the Revolution in Polish-Lithuanian political culture, before sketching the dominant and minority discourses at the beginning and end of the Revolution, and explaining the decisive shift that took place in 1790. In 1788-1789, the chief political polarity was between an opposition led by aristocrats, whose discourse was republican and violently (if not always sincerely) Russophobic, and a court party, whose discourse, realist in respect to Russia and moderately enlightened, with an anti-aristocratic emphasis on order, with regard to internal affairs, was intended to appeal to middling noblemen. In 1791-1792, the principal division was between a reduced aristocratic opposition that looked to Russia for support, whose discourse appealed to traditional noble republican emotions, and a broadly Russophobic and enlightened ‘patriot’ party. Such ‘enlightened republicans’ added a more socially inclusive discourse of the nation and an activist discourse of national independence to the enlightened monarchist discourse of ordered government, under the guidance of a wise and benevolent king and the favour of Divine Providence. It is contended that this triumphant merged discourse, with its condemnation of ‘aristocratic anarchy’, continues even today to influence negative assessments of the unreformed Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This article is based to a greater extent than previous research on the manuscripts of the parliamentary diary, and upon the instructions of the local assemblies of the nobility (the sejmiks).

Character Construction in the Eighteenth-Century House of Commons: Evidence from the Cavendish Diary (1768–74)

Abstract The parliamentary diary of Sir Henry Cavendish, probably the most detailed record of speaking practices in the eighteenth-century House of Commons, confirms the claims made, from the beginnings of the rhetorical tradition, for the power of ethos as a means of persuasion. Yet precisely because it is such a valuable rhetorical resource, the parliamentarian's character inevitably excites contradiction and dissent. Drawing on the debates reported by Cavendish, this article argues that the influence of party divisions in the later eighteenth-century House sharpened these contests for character. It concludes by illustrating the tendency of the speaker's character, even as it is constructed in parliamentary discourse, to disclose the terms in which it may be challenged or negated.

Early Modern

Ayrshire and the Reformation: People and Change 1490–1600. By Margaret H. B. Sanderson Cambridge Illustrated Atlas of Warfare: Renaissance to Revolution, 1492–1792. By Jeremy Black The Impact of the English Reformation, 1500–1640. Edited by Peter Marshall The Civilization of Crime: Violence in Town and Country since the Middle Ages. Edited by Eric A. Johnson and Eric H. Monkkonen A History of the University in Europe, Volume II: Universities in Early Modern Europe, 1500–1800. Edited by Hilde de Ridder‐Symoens Patronage and Recruitment in the Tudor and Early Stuart Church. Edited by Claire Cross The Christian's ABC: Catechisms and Catechizing in England c.1530–1740. By Ian Green Thomas Arden in Faversham: The Man Behind the Myth. By Patricia Hyde The Pilgrimage of Grace: A Study of the Rebel Armies of October 1536. By Michael Bush The Anabaptists. By Hans‐Jürgen Goertz Court and Culture in Renaissance Scotland: Sir David Lindsay of the Mount. By Carol Edington The Culture of English Puritanism, 1560–1700. Edited by Christopher Durston and Jacqueline Eales Life Cycles in England 1560–1720. By Mary Abbott Religion and Society in Early Modern England: A Sourcebook. Edited by David Cressy and Lori Anne Ferrell The European Reformations. By Carter Lindberg Plague? Jesuit Accounts of Epidemic Disease in the 16th Century. By A. Lynn Martin The Reckoned Expense: Edmund Campion and the Early English Jesuits. Edited by Thomas M. McCoog SJ. Boydell History of Pedlars in Europe. By Laurence Fontaine ‘Be Sober and Reasonable’: The Critique of Enthusiasm in the Seventeenth and Early Eighteenth Centuries. By Michael Heyd Apprenticeship in England 1600–1914. By Joan Lane The Stuart Age 1603–1714. By John Wroughton An Exile of Ireland: Hugh O'Neill, Prince of Ulster. By Micheline Kerney Walsh Denmark in the Thirty Years War, 1618–1648: King Christian IV and the Decline of the Oldenburg State. By Paul Douglas Lockhart King or Covenant? Voices from Civil War. By David Stevenson The Anglo‐Dutch Wars of the Seventeenth Century. By J. R. Jones The English Civil War: A Contemporary Account, Volume 1: 1625–1639. Edited by Peter and Edward Razzell The English Civil War: A Contemporary Account, Volume 2: 1640–1642. Edited by Peter and Edward Razzell The Civil Wars in Britain and Ireland, 1638–1651. By Martyn Bennett The Sorrows of the Quaker Jesus: James Nayler and the Puritan Crackdown on the Free Spirit. By Leo Damrosch John Bunyan in Context. By Michael Mullet Politics and Society in Great Yarmouth 1660–1722. By Perry Gauci The Parliamentary Diary of Sir Richard Cocks 1698–1702. Edited by D. W. Hayton An Illustrated History of Eighteenth‐Century Britain, 1688–1793. By Jeremy Black By the Banks of the Neva: Chapters from the Lives and Careers of the British in Eighteenth‐Century Russia. By Anthony Cross Pleasure in the Eighteenth Century. Edited by Roy Porter and Marie Mulvey Roberts Parties, Patriots and Undertakers: Parliamentary Politics in Early Hanoverian Ireland By Patrick McNally Power and Politics in Old Regime France, 1720–1832. By Peter R. Campbell Class and State in Ancien Régime France: The Road to Modernity? By David Parker Illusory Consensus: Bolingbroke and the Polemical Response to Walpole, 1730–1737. By Alexander Pettit The Early Letters of Bishop Richard Hurd 1739–1762. Edited by Sarah Brewer Manila Ransomed: The British Assault on Manila in the Seven Years War. By Nicholas Tracy The Prison Diary (16 May–22 November 1794) of John Horne Tooke. Edited by A. V. Beedell and A. D. Harvey

Reviews

Reviews

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:Henry VI and the Politics of Kingship. By John WattsJohn Dudley, Duke of Northumberland 1504–1553. By David LoadesThe Nerves of State. Taxation and the Financing of the English State, 1558–1714. By Michael J. BraddickThe Papers of Sir Richard Grosvenor, 1st Bart. (1585–1645). Edted by Richard Cust.The Scottish Parliament 1639–1661. A Political and Constitutional Analysis. By John R. YoungProtestantism and Patriotism. Ideologies and the Making of English Foreign Policy, 1650–1668. By Steven C. A. Pincus The House of Lords in the Reign of Charles II. By Andrew Swatland William III and the Godly Revolution. By Tony Claydon The Parliamentary Diary of sir Richard Cocks, 1698–1702. Edited by D. W. Hayton. John Wilkes. A Friend to Liberty. By Peter D. G. Thomas. The Waning of ‘Old Corruption’. The Politics of Economical Reform in Britain, 1779–1846. By Philip Harling Henry Goulbum, 1784–1856. A Political Biography. By Brian Jenkins Britain and the Defeat of Napoleon 1807–1815. By Rory Muir. The Decline of British Radicalism, 1847–1860. By Miles Taylormbridge Citizenship and Community: Liberals, Radicals and Collective Identities in the British Isles, 1865–1931. Edited by Eugenio F. Biagini Officials of Royal Commissions of Inquiry 1870–1939. Compiled by Elaine Harrison Democratic Ideas and the British Labour Movement, 1880–1914. By Loge Barrow and Ian Bullock The Conservatives and British Society, 1880–1990. Edited by Martin Francis and Ina Zweiniger‐Bargelowska The Age of Salisbury, 1881–1902. Unionism and Empire. By Richard Shannon. Democratic Rhondda. Politics and Society 1885–1951. By Chris William A History of Conservative Politics, 1900–1996. By John Channley The Republican Crown. Lawyers and the Making Of the State in Twentieth‐Century Britain. By Joseph M. Jacob. Out of Control. British Foreign Policy and the Union of Democratic Control 1914–1918. By Sally Harris. Clement Attlee. By Jerry H. Brookshire. The Diaries and Letters of Robert Bernays 1932–1939. An Insider's Account of the House of Commons. Edited by Nick Smart Politics and the Constitution: Essays on British Government. By Vernon Bogdanor. The Heath Government 1970–1974. A Reappraisal. Edited by Stuart Ball and Anthony Seldon

The Parliamentary Diaries of Sir John Trelawny, 1868–73

Preface 332Editorial Note 333Introduction 334Parliamentary Diaries of Sir John Trelawny 344Session of 1868–9 344Session of 1870 373Session of 1871 416Session of 1872 444Session of 1873 477Appendix 502Index 505