Park Utilization Research Articles

Optimizing urban park locations with addressing environmental justice in park access and utilization by using dynamic demographic features derived from mobile phone data

Urban parks play a critical role in improving the quality of life of local residents and creating sustainable and resilient urban environments. As urban parks are essential public services, it is important that they be accessible, sufficient, and of high quality so all city residents can access and benefit from them to advocate environmental justice. To make park services more equitable, it is crucial to evaluate the distribution and quality of existing urban parks and consider potential locations for new urban parks, in terms of both park access and utilization. By adopting a new type of dynamic population data based on mobile phone-based tracking, we assessed urban park access by vulnerable populations, particularly economically marginalized older adults, and employed dynamic demographic features and neighboring environmental features of existing urban parks and park candidate sites to estimate park utilization. Ultimately, we developed an advanced multi-objective location optimization model considering park access, utilization, and construction cost. The three objectives of maximizing utilization of the candidate sites when urban parks are established, maximizing the number of vulnerable people who can be covered by the urban parks, and minimizing the total establishment cost for the urban parks were optimized in locating urban parks among candidate sites. The proposed methodology was validated with an application to Ulsan Metropolitan City in the Republic of Korea.

Optimising Park Utilization in Urban India: Assessing the Impact of Walkability and Pedestrian Amenities on Neighbourhood Park Usage in Jalandhar City

Optimising Park Utilization in Urban India: Assessing the Impact of Walkability and Pedestrian Amenities on Neighbourhood Park Usage in Jalandhar City

Association between park vitality and commercial vitality: a case study in Chengdu

ABSTRACT Urban vitality stands as a pivotal metric for evaluating the sustainability and appeal of urban environments. Global experiences underscore the significance of parks and shopping centers as crucial components of urban vitality spaces. However, existing literature predominantly concentrates on the individual impacts of parks or shopping centers on urban vitality, with limited exploration into the vitality relationship between them, often relying on linear correlation analyses. To address this gap, this study, centered on the renowned Park City of Chengdu in China, employs Baidu heatmap and POI data, utilizing a combination of spatial syntax and linear and non-linear analysis methods to examine the influence of road accessibility on the vitality of shopping malls and parks, as well as their correlation. Findings indicate: (1) High-vitality shopping malls primarily cluster within the first ring road, while park utilization is notably higher in the southern urban area. (2) High-vitality parks and shopping centers are situated in regions characterized by elevated global integration and efficiency values, suggesting their vitality is influenced by road accessibility. (3) Linear correlation analysis, with global integration and efficiency values controlled, yields correlation coefficients of 0.797 and 0.795 for high-vitality parks and shopping centers, respectively. Non-linear correlation analysis indicates a correlation coefficient close to 0.7 between park vitality and shopping mall vitality, highlighting a strong correlation between them. This study elucidates the critical relationship between park vitality and commercial vitality in urban layout, offering valuable insights for urban planning strategies aimed at promoting sustainable urban development.

Informing inclusive park planning: Neighborhood park visitation modeling based on smartphone big data in Austin, Texas

This research uses smartphone-based big data to explore how socioeconomic, built environment characteristics, and spatiotemporal factors influence neighborhood park use, with a specific focus on minority groups’ park visitation patterns. Panel data are collected through SafeGraph, and combined with GIS and American Community Survey data. We analyze 12,227 visitations from 1121 block groups to 30 neighborhood parks from September 2019 to August 2020 in Austin, Texas. Time-fixed-effect nested regression models are employed to control for unobserved time-related effects. Findings indicate a substantial increase in overall park use during the pandemic, with visiting frequencies up by 22 % and dwell time by 56 %. In contrast, minority groups, including seniors, children, blacks, unemployed, living alone, and recent movers, exhibited a decline in park visits. It also highlights visitors’ risk-averse behaviors during the pandemic, such as avoiding visiting parks during holiday weeks and avoiding using swimming pools. Before the pandemic, proximity held the utmost significance for park use; during the pandemic, park quality and facilities emerged as the primary factors influencing park utilization. This study suggests that park planning needs to improve neighborhood parks’ proximity, park facilities, and park safety to boost park use and foster inclusive park planning.

SUITABILITY OF PHYSICAL ELEMENTS FOR URBAN PARK UTILIZATION: A STUDY ON RAJEKWESI PARK IN BOJONEGORO URBAN AREA

Urban parks are expected to balance the city ecosystem by reducing air temperature and increasing oxygen levels, becoming a space for community interaction, beautifying the urban environment, and reviving economic activities around it. According to the public green open space (GOS) typology classification, Rajekwesi Park is an urban park in the Bojonegoro Urban Area. However, there are still problematic physical elements in utilizing Rajekwesi Park as a public GOS. One of the issues with the park is the lack of functioning park lights, which limits visibility at night. These problems affect the decline in the ability of urban parks to attract people to engage in activities. It is necessary to measure the suitability of physical elements for urban park utilization in Rajekwesi Park. The evaluation was conducted using scoring analysis techniques with data obtained from descriptive evaluative analysis based on six variables: ecology, water catchment, socio-cultural, aesthetic, economic, and disaster management. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that the suitability of physical elements in Rajekwesi Park is in the appropriate category, with a score of 75%. The suitability includes all variables with a suitability score ≥ 59.8%. These variables include ecology with an appropriate class, water catchment with a quite appropriate class, socio-cultural with an appropriate class, aesthetic with an appropriate class, economic with an appropriate class, and disaster management with a quite appropriate class.

Level of Participation of Conservation Partners in the Health Management of Conservation Forests (Case Study in the Tahura War Utilization Block)

The Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park utilization block (TAHURA WAR) is one of the blocks utilized by the community around the forest through a conservation partnership. Until now, the level of participation of conservation partner members in managing the health of conservation forests has been low. The aim of the study was to determine the level of participation of members of conservation partners in managing the health of conservation forests. The research method used was interviewing 30 members of conservation partners and analyzing interview data using a Likert scale. The results showed that the level of participation of partner members in managing the health of conservation forests was, namely, 47% (moderate), the implementation was 57% (low), the maintenance was 43% (high), the utilization was 53% (moderate), and the protection was 53% (moderate). 50% (high). In the 5 stages of conservation forest health management, there are 2 stages in the high category and 2 stages in the medium category. This is because the involvement of conservation partner members in each stage plays quite an active role. Thus, the participation level of conservation partner members in the management of conservation forest health is in the moderate category (43-57%).

Identification Of The Characteristics Of Park Visitors To Nostalgia Urban Park, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province

Urban green spaces or open spaces play a critical role in sustaining urban natural environments and the social systems that use these spaces. Park accessibility is identified as one of the major factors in influencing park utilization. This study aim to identify the accessibility of Kupang Nostalgia Park. Data were collected through questionnaires from 100 park visitors. This study used a descriptive statistics through crosstabs analysis. There are a relationship in the relationship between the radius of residence of park visitors and the mode selection, as well as the relationship between the mode selection variable and the frequency of visits to the park. However, there is no correlation between the distance from visitor settlements and the frequency of visits to Nostalgia Park. Most of the visitors used private vehicles to access the Nostlagia Park. This study emphasizes that the supporting facilities that increase the accessibility need to be facilitated to increase the park visitors.

Neighborhood Park Utilization Study for Environmental Quality Improvement" Case Study: Alam Sutera Residential, South Tangerang

The quality of the urban environment has become a major concern in various cities around the world. Rapid growth and urbanization in urban areas have had serious impacts on the quality of air, water and other environmental aspects. In this context, Neighborhood Park has become the focus of attention as an effort to mitigate these negative impacts and improve the quality of the urban environment. This research aims to examine the usefulness of Neighborhood Park in improving environmental quality, using a case study at Alam Sutera Housing, South Tangerang. Through field data collection, interviews, and data analysis, this research attempts to identify possible positive impacts associated with Neighborhood Park within this region. Factors such as their impact on air quality, water quality, carbon sequestration, and community social welfare are also explored. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide valuable insights for stakeholders in Alam Sutera Housing and similar urban areas. This study also contributes to global understanding of the important role of Neighborhood Parks in addressing the challenges of the modern urban environment. With an emphasis on the development and maintenance of sustainable green open spaces, this research provides a basis for taking better action to support environmental quality and community well-being in rapidly growing urban areas.

Linking park utilisation and place attachment: towards liveable neighbourhoods

This study investigates the impact of place attachment on park utilisation through interaction of residents. The correlation between attributes of place attachment (functional, emotional and social attachment) and social interaction (engagement patterns and levels of interaction) is tested within Malaysian neighbourhood parks. Findings are based on systematic field observation and a questionnaire survey carried out with 387 residents in three Malaysian neighbourhoods. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between attributes of place attachment and resident engagement with parks, thereby increasing the potential for social interactions. The level of functional attachment is strongly linked to both passive and active interactions. Hence, environmental planning researchers should further focus on the psychological attachment process of park users to provide more responsive and inclusive parks. As functional attachment was found to be the key for promoting park use and social interaction, this study argues that devoting further attention to functional needs of residents will help mitigate the issue of underutilised parks and enhance liveability of neighbourhoods. As the relationships between park utilisation and the influences of characteristics of place attachment remain poorly understood, providing insight on how to include attributes of place attachment in the design process of parks will enhance responsiveness of parks.

A Model to Reduce Machine Changeover Time and Improve Production Efficiency in an Automotive Manufacturing Organisation

One of the key postulates of the modern automotive industry is the increase in production efficiency while minimizing costs. In the opinion of experts from the automotive industry, meeting this condition may be the first stage on the way to preventing waste generation and implementing a circular economy model. The article presents a case study of issues related to the lean manufacturing methodology in terms of the impact of shortening the changeover time of the assembly line on the overall production efficiency. The presented considerations focus on the optimization of the production process using the SMED (Single Minute Exchange of Die) technique of a selected spare part. From the point of view of the Lean Manufacturing concept, the main goal of the SMED technique is to increase the flexibility of responding to changing customer needs by shortening the changeover times and faster responses to changing orders. The article describes the stages of implementing the SMED method and its impact on the increase in the OEE (Overall Equipment Efficiency) index, which allows for the percentage recognition of the degree of machine park utilization, which is one of the key factors for assessing energy efficiency. In addition, the benefits that have been achieved by using this method in terms of time and economy have been presented. The theoretical aspects related to the method used were supplemented with its practical implementation in order to improve the changeovers in a manufacturing company in the automotive industry. Based on the obtained test results, an analysis of the effectiveness of the measures taken to reduce the changeover time was carried out. The use of the SMED methodology contributed to a significant reduction in changeover time—by as much as 291.4 s. The burden on operators was significantly reduced—the total time and number of operations performed by them (both internal and external) was reduced. Operator paths have also been shortened using simple procedures such as changing the layout of the lines and modifying the changeover tool trolleys and tool locking system at the stations. The presented research may be helpful in answering the question whether the implementation of the SMED idea may be the key to effective resource management and, at a later stage, to the implementation of the circular economy model. In addition, the research results can find their practical application among both manufacturers of spare parts and the vehicles themselves, considering introducing process changes on their production lines in order to increase production efficiency and implementing the idea of industrial sustainability.

Vulnerability assessment of urban remnant mountain ecosystems based on ecological sensitivity and ecosystem services

Urban remnant mountains (URMs) are precious natural green habitat patches that can provide a series of ecosystem services for multi-mountainous cities. The increase in ecological sensitivity and degradation of ecosystem services affected by urban expansion and climate change have led to an increasing vulnerability of urban remnant mountain ecosystems (URMEs). To explore the vulnerability of URMEs, taking the central urban built-up area of the Guiyang city as the study area and URMs as the research object, the vulnerability of URMEs under natural factors and human disturbance was analyzed based on the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model. The results showed that: (1) Karst rocky desertification, human disturbance, and road density within the buffer zones around URMs were the most important factors affecting the vulnerability of URMEs. Karst rocky desertification was the most likely eco-environmental problem of URMs, and carbon storage was the most important ecosystem service of URMEs. (2) Characteristics of fragile karst habitats in URMs and unreasonable human activities led to high ecological vulnerability, mainly with moderate and severe vulnerability predominating, and the low vulnerability of URMEs when they had moderate park utilization. (3) The ecological vulnerability of small URMs and those distributed in the urban center is higher, and the invulnerable URMEs and the slightly vulnerable URMEs are mainly distributed in the urban edge. The results of this study could provide references for ecological restoration and protection of URMs, and offer a basis for improving the resilience of multi-mountainous cities.

Uneven impacts of COVID-19 on residents' utilization of urban parks: A case study of Guangzhou, China

As COVID-19 increased people's dependency on urban parks for physical and psychological well-being, it also has uncertain impacts on park utilization. Understanding these impacts and how the pandemic has contributed to them is an issue that warrants urgent attention. We used multi-source spatio-temporal data to examine urban park use before and during COVID-19 in Guangzhou, China, and constructed a set of regression models to evaluate the associated factors. We found that COVID-19 has significantly reduced the overall utilization of urban parks while also exacerbating spatial unevenness. This was due to residents' limited movement distance, and the diminished role of urban transportation affecting the efficient citywide use of parks. Meanwhile, residents' increased demand for nearby parks amplified the importance of community parks, which exacerbated the consequences caused by the uneven distribution of park resources. We propose that city administrators improve the efficiency of existing parks and prioritize the adequate placement of community parks at urban fringes to improve access. Furthermore, cities with similar layouts as Guangzhou should plan for urban parks from a multi-perspective and consider the sub-city level differences to address unevenness during the current pandemic and in the future.

Multi-Purpose Trees Species Damage Index: Case Study of Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park Utilization Block, Lampung

The Wan Abdul Rachman (WAR) Forest Park (TAHURA) Utilization Block is a location that can be utilized by the community, especially its non-timber forest products. Utilization of non-timber forest products is the type of Multi-Purpose Trees Species (MPTS). On the other hand, many trees were damaged due to this utilization. This study aimed to obtain the damage index (IK) of MPTS types in the TAHURA WAR utilization block. Data was collected by assessing the IK of trees based on the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method on five cluster plots of FHM. Data analysis was carried out using the IK value formula. The results showed that there were 13 types of MPTS found in the TAHURA WAR utilization block; with the range of IK values for each kind of MPTS as follows: Durio zibenthinus (0.0-6.1), Persea americana (1.4-6.5), Parkia speciosa (0.0-5.8), Archidendron pauciflorum (1.5-6.1), Gnetum gnemon (0.0-6.1), Hevea brasiliensis (1.4-6.1), Theobroma cacao (1.4-5.0), Mangifera indica (1.6-4.3), Sygyzium malaccensis (1.6-4.6), Arthocarpus heterophyllus (1.6-5.8), Sygyzium aqueum (1.4-4.3), Sygyzium aromaticum (1.5-3.8) and Tectona grandis (1.6-4.9). The location influences the size of the IK value, type and severity of tree damage found. Thus, the average IK values for each kind of MPTS in the TAHURA WAR utilization block were Hevea brasiliensis (4.3), Artocarpus heterophyllus (4.2), Archidendron pauciflorum (4.1), Theobroma cacao (4.0), Tectona grandis (3.8), Persea americana (3.5), Parkia speciosa (3.5), Durio zibenthinus (3.4), Sygyzium malaccensis (3.4), Gnetum gnemon (3.2), Sygyzium aqueum (2.9), Mangifera indica (2.7) dan Sygyzium aromaticum (2.4).

Potential recreation service efficiency of urban remnant mountain wilderness: A case study of Yunyan District of Guiyang city, China

As the precious resource of Karst mountainous city, urban remnant mountain wilderness (URMWs) can provide various of ecosystem services to the city. Taking the built-up area of the central urban area of Guiyang city center as the study area and the URMWs as the research object, an evaluation system of potential recreation service efficiency (PRSE) of URMWs was constructed through fuzzy Delphi method (F-Delphi), analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method (EWM), and PRSE of 69 URMWs in study area was evaluated and mapped. The recreation service characteristics of URMWs were analyzed from the perspective of supply and demand. Finally, the correlation of PRSE and the landscape features of URMWs was analyzed. Results showed that: (1) URMWs were mostly distributed in low and medium kernel density zones, and they had significant spatial agglomeration characteristics. (2) PRSE of URMWs was jointly affected by recreation potential, recreation opportunity and recreation demand. Among the 18 evaluation factors of PRSE evaluation system, the perfection of recreation service facilities, viewshed and green vision perception were the most important factors. In addition, PRSE of URMWs was significantly improved after park utilization. (3) PRSE of URMWs in the study area had significant spatial differences in suburban areas, which was higher in suburban areas than in urban centers and boundaries. The spatial mismatch between the supply and demand of recreation services was important reason for the low PRSE of URMWs. (4) PRSE of URMWs was significantly correlated with its three-dimensional features. The evaluation system constructed in this study could quantify PRSE of each URMW, reflect its spatial pattern, and provide a reference for the protection, development and utilization of URMWs in mountainous cities of Karst area.

The Effects of Park-Based Interventions on Health-Related Outcomes Among Youth: A Systematic Review.

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study is to present a comprehensive systematic review of the effects of park-based interventions on health outcomes among youth, defined as children and adolescents.Data SourceWeb of Science, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases searched through November 2020.Study Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaInterventions conducted in publicly accessible parks that evaluated health outcomes (i.e., physical, mental, and emotional); focused on children and adolescents (up to 18 years old, or up to 22 years old for individuals with developmental needs); and was published in English, Spanish, and Chinese.Data ExtractionTwo independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of the 15 included studies using the Guide to Community Preventive Services tool.Data SynthesisDescriptive summary of study characteristics and summarized methodological quality of the studies.ResultsTwelve studies were person-based interventions involving the evaluation of health outcome changes in cohorts, and the remaining studies were park-based, focused on changing the park environment and observing changes in youth participation in parks. All identified interventions were positively associated with individual-level and park-level outcomes ranging from body weight, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity, park utilization, and health behavior knowledge.ConclusionsThis systematic review demonstrated that parks as sites of interventions can provide an environment that promotes health and wellbeing for youth. Nevertheless, the number of relevant studies were limited, thus it is important to leverage and expand on existing knowledge of the utility of parks as sites of intervention to address health concerns at this critical juncture of the life course.

Exploring the Determinants of Urban Green Space Utilization Based on Microblog Check-In Data in Shanghai, China

Urban green space has significant social, ecological, cultural and economic value. This study uses social media data to examine the spatiotemporal utilization of major parks in Shanghai and explore the determinants of their recreational attraction. Methods: Based on microblog check-in data between 2012 and 2018 across 17 parks in Shanghai, we investigated the patterns at different temporal scales (weekly, seasonal and annual) and across workdays and weekends by using log-linear regression models. Results: Our findings indicate that both internal and external factors affect park utilization. In particular, the presence of sports facilities significantly contributes to higher visit frequency. Factors such as the number of subway stations nearby, scenic quality and popularity have a positive impact on check-in numbers, while negative factors affecting park use are number of roads, ticket price and average surrounding housing price. Across different temporal scales, the use patterns of visitors have obvious seasonal and monthly tendencies, and the differences of workday and weekend models lie in external factors’ impacts. Conclusions: In order to achieve the goal of better serving the visitors, renewal of urban green spaces in megacities should consider these influential factors, increase sports facilities, subway stations nearby and improve scenic quality, popularity and water quality. This study on spatiotemporal utilization of urban parks can help enhance comprehensive functions of urban parks and be helpful for urban renewal strategies.

SUPPLY OPTIMIZATION OF OBJECTS AND NATURAL TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN SITU GUNUNG, GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO NATIONAL PARK

Situ Gunung Natural Tourism area as part of Gunung Gede Pangrango Natural Park utilization zone is a popular natural tourism destination. Therefore, the assessment on objects and attraction natural tourism attraction of Situ Gunung (ODTWASG) based on the satisfaction of management as the supply and visitors as the demand is essential to identify object and nature attraction that ecologically, socially, and economically need to be improved or maintained by the managers. The assessment results data were then processed and analyzed by using conformity scale method and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). The results showed that there was one unsatisfying attribute on both parties in economic scale, i.e., the making of suspension bridge. Besides, there were two attributes of economic ODTWASG that have not been managed optimally. Thus, it has not contributed to customer satisfaction, which were food and beverages prices at the food court as well as water tourism object entrance fee. Therefore, ODTWASG supply optimization could focus on these two economic attributes; first, setting and adjusting the attribute of food and beverages prices, and second, improving water tourism quality. 
 Key words: Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), satisfaction, supply and demand

Housing parks utilization behaviour based on income group in Jabodetabek area

Housing parks are one of the shared facilities in planned housing. Its function is to support the quality of life and social sustainability. To create a sustainable housing park needs a pattern of utilization behaviour of its inhabitants. The aim of this study is to identify housing park utilization behaviour based on their level of income. This research is quantitative by using a survey-questionnaire method. Samples are the users of housing parks in the Greater Jakarta area. The unit of analysis is the household from a different level of income. The number of samples was determined using the Lemeshow formula of 96. The results show that the higher income the lower frequency, duration, and intensity of using parks with significant results. There is a contradiction between the provision and the utilization of parks. The better condition of the higher income housing park, the lower of its utilization. For the low-income with a limited area of his unit, they use parks more frequently, long and intensive. The more spacious residential space, the less frequent residents use housing parks because housing facilities are much better in accommodating the various activities of household members. It is necessary to consider the utilization behaviour of the residents in providing housing parks.

青藏高原国家公园群地域功能与结构研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 青藏高原国家公园群地域功能与结构研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202005061121 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究（2019QZKK0401）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A 类）子课题（XDA20020302）；三江源国家公园联合研究专项（LHZX-2020-05） Regional function and spatial structure of National Park Cluster in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:青藏高原国家公园群建设是促进青藏高原地区可持续发展的重要模式探索。解析地域功能、建构有序的空间组织模式是其关键科学基础。基于青藏高原科学考察研究队提出的国家公园群建设方案，从地域功能和空间结构上进行了探讨。研究认为青藏高原国家公园群具有生态保育功能、生活保障功能和游憩公益服务功能，并表现为空间异质性、时间变异性、多样复合性和相互依附性4种特性；在层级结构上可以划分为2个跨国国家公园、8个旗舰国家公园和11个一般国家公园，未来可再融入青藏高原其他不同层级的自然保护地；从"群"层面优化单体国家公园的功能定位和整体层面的有机组织，需要在类型结构、层级结构和空间结构上进行综合统筹，建构点域、线域、面域相结合的空间组织模式，形成联系紧密、发展稳定、演化有序的功能有机体，才能够深入推进青藏高原国家公园群建设、生态安全屏障建设和区域绿色发展的三位一体目标实现。 Abstract:The construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau National Park Cluster (QTPNPC) is an important model for promoting the sustainable development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Analyzing the regional function and building an orderly spatial organization pattern are key guarantees to promote sustainable development. This study proposes the QTPNPC construction plan based on scientific investigation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and provides an in-depth study on regional function and structure, which is necessary to construct a new group of QTPNPC with a wholesome and integral relationship among ecological conservation, life security, and tourist service functions. Understanding the spatial heterogeneity, time variability, and diverse compounds of the national park cluster is necessary. In terms of the hierarchical structure, it can be divided into 2 transnational national parks, 8 flagship national parks and 11 general national parks. In the future, it can be integrated into other nature protected area in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region to form a highly integrated park utilization system. Four primary and mutually dependent characteristics are group-level monomer optimization; national park function, orientation, and organic organization; type, hierarchical, and spatial structures; and integration through domains, lines, and points on three levels. The spatial organization mode is created to allow the QTPNPC to form functional organisms that are closely connected, to steadily develop and evolve in an orderly manner. In construction we need to develop advantage of monomer national park, establish an effective connection among the resource environmental bearing capacity and the national spatial development suitability evaluation, on the basis of comprehensive consideration of ecological importance and vulnerability, the ecosystem services value, according to the actual situation of different national park, thus forms the different characteristic paths. In accordance with the overall goal of the construction of the QTPNPC, we need to explore institutional innovation schemes, legislative systems and construction regulations for national parks, promote the realization of regional functions from the aspects of community development mechanism, franchise operation mechanism, recreation service mechanism and ecosystem product value-added system, and constantly improve the spatial governance system of natural protected areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and to promote the construction of an ecological security barrier on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the green development of the region. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Socio-demographic and physical factors influencing access to urban parks in rapidly urbanizing cities of Ethiopia: The case of Addis Ababa

Many studies in developed countries examined the effect of proximity, socio-demographic and individual psychometric factors on urban parks (UPs) access. However, in rapidly urbanizing cities of Africa, access to UPs remains problematic, and yet comparatively little is studied about how these factors may affect park access. This paper investigates the effect of socio-demographic and physical factors on the UPs access and utilization in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study employed structured questionnaire to collect data from 189 sample park visitors. Besides, descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation, chi-square test and multivariate regression were used to analyze the association between variables. The result indicated age, monthly income, occupation, awareness about the parks, distance, traveled time to park, and mode of transport have significant (p < 0.05) association with frequency of park visit. Time limitation and lack of different programs in the parks were also identified as the main constraints that affect park utilization. We concluded that socio-demographic factors such as age, income, occupation, awareness about the parks, physical and some personal constraints as well as lack of diversified programs were the major factors that influence park access and utilization in the study area. Management ImplicationsThis study provides a quantitative analysis of the pattern of UPs use by the city residents, and highlights factors affecting the park access and utilization. Thus, our results imply the following management measures for better future of UPs access and utilization in Addis Ababa:•Provision of accessible and well-maintained parks, especially pocket parks in the neighborhoods is crucial.•Diversification of park programs and consideration of the need and preference of different socio-demographic characteristic during the planning and design of UPs are also important.•Good public transportation system and enough parking lots in the park could attract more park users from distant part of the city.•Awareness creation about the benefits and location of UPs is also very crucial to enhance park utilization.