Parents Of Young People Research Articles

An empirical investigation on determinants of saving intention towards saving behavior of young people in the post-COVID-19 era

This paper is aimed at analyzing the factors affecting the saving intention and behavior of young people in Vietnam. Employing exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM), data from 236 respondents were analyzed to assess the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable, saving behavior. Deep interview techniques were also incorporated to bolster the quantitative model’s outcomes. The empirical findings align with prior research (Rodermund, 2012; Phan & Zhou, 2014) and provide evidence supporting the view of high correlations between the saving behaviors of young people and personal finance factors. First, all three factors including financial literacy, subjective norms, and saving attitudes have a positive impact on young people’s saving intention. Second, saving intention has a significant positive impact on saving behavior. Recommendations to young people, parents of young people, educational institutions, and government agencies are proposed for improving the saving behaviors of young people toward financial independence in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.

Investigating self-blame and trauma symptoms in parents of young people with anorexia nervosa.

Caring for a young person with anorexia nervosa (AN) has been associated with psychological distress and found to be a traumatic experience. This can have an impact on patient and family outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether self-blame cognitions contribute to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in parents of young people with AN. A cross-sectional design was used. One hundred and twenty-three parents of young people with AN completed a range of questionnaires assessing self-blame cognitions and PTSD symptoms. Overall, levels of self-blame cognitions were significantly higher in those experiencing higher levels of PTSD symptoms compared to low levels. Additionally, levels of self-blame cognitions significantly predicted PTSD symptoms over and above demographic factors and illness severity, accounting for 22% of unique variance in PTSD symptoms. The findings suggest that negative appraisals regarding self-blame for their child's eating disorder contributed to the potential maintenance of PTSD symptoms. Parents presenting with thoughts of self-blame would benefit from further support to reduce these feelings and, subsequently, reduce carer distress.

P05 The current evidence for transitional care in young people with chronic pain: a systematic review

Introduction/BackgroundPaediatric chronic musculoskeletal pain presents a significant individual and societal burden, with an estimated prevalence of 11-38%. A large proportion of young people (YP) with chronic pain are likely to have unresolved pain which continues into adulthood and as a result require transitional care.To date, although there is guidance and transitional care research in a range of health conditions, there is limited evidence identifying the extent to which transitional care for YP with chronic pain has been developed or investigated in research.Our objective was to review the current evidence for transitional care in young people with chronic pain.Description/MethodThe PEO tool was used to develop a search strategy, where the Population was “young people”, the Exposure was “chronic pain” and the Outcome was “Transition to Adult Care” or variations of such words. Studies were identified by searching 4 databases: EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL and PsycINFO.Inclusion criteria were: sample population age between 10-24 years, a confirmed diagnosis of a condition characterised by chronic pain, any health care setting, any service provider, published peer reviewed, English language. Excluded were case reports, editorials, abstracts, meta-analyses, books or book chapters. Searches took place between September and December 2021.Discussion/Results98 papers were identified by the search; 14 were selected after abstract screening. Two independent reviewers then screened papers for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the studies followed by a senior reviewer. Of the 14 papers, full text review found that none of the papers looked specifically at the evidence with respect to transitional care for YP with chronic pain. Of those which did not meet the inclusion criteria, there were 4 papers which highlighted the importance of considering transitional care for YP with chronic pain and informed our discussion.Key learning points/ConclusionThe lack of studies addressing transitional care for YP with chronic pain was surprising in view of the prevalence of chronic pain during adolescence and the reported importance to YP. To date, most research has considered disease-specific transitional care. Due to the lack of results reported here, the question remains as to whether transitional care for YP with chronic pain differs significantly from transitional care for other long-term health conditions. Unique challenges faced by YP with chronic pain have been proposed in the literature. However, we would argue that these are also experienced by YP with rheumatic conditions, for example, stigma and lack of belief of the condition. Consideration of whether transitional care is truly different for these YP is a useful starting point for future research.Building on existing research will be important. For example, meeting the adult provider has been identified as a predictor of successful transition but is challenging when chronic pain is the primary condition, as there isn’t a clear pathway of which adult service these YP will transfer to. Likewise, appropriate parental involvement has been identified as a predictor of successful transition. Evidence has shown that parents of YP with chronic pain may restrict their child’s independence, and therefore will need to be addressed as part of transitional care provision.Finally, chronic pain is a feature of many long-term health conditions, for example, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis, cerebral palsy. How pain management is addressed in existing transitional care provision for rheumatic conditions such as JIA and SLE and the relationship of pain to outcomes of transitional care needs further research. If effective interventions can be provided during these crucial years, the trajectory of these YP as adults can potentially be improved in the long-term, reducing the individual and societal burden of pain.

Phenomenology of gender dysphoria in autism: a multiperspective qualitative analysis.

Autistic people are overrepresented in gender clinic settings, but limited evidence is available to guide clinical decision making for this patient group. We aimed to generate a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenology of gender dysphoria in autistic people. We conducted a multi-perspectival interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), from five different perspectives; autistic young people and adults with experience of gender dysphoria, parents of young people, and clinicians working with autistic people with gender dysphoria in both adult and young person settings (n = 68). IPA analysis resulted in two themes, 'discovering gender identity' and 'the complexities of moving towards gender comfort'. Participants agreed that there was often an interaction between gender dysphoria and features of autism such as sensory sensitivities. There was relative consensus across groups about the need for autism adaptations to be made in gender clinics. Autistic adults were more likely to see autism as an important identity than young people, but both groups were clear that autism did not impair their understanding of gender. In contrast, some parents and clinicians working with young people expressed concern that autism did impact self-understanding. While the groups tended to agree on the ways in which particular features of autism can compound gender dysphoria, there were a range of perspectives on the ways in which autism impacted on self-knowledge. Recommendations for adaptations when working with autistic people with gender dysphoria are presented.

Are mindfulness groups more mindful face to face or online? A comparison of delivering a mindfulness based well-being group for parents of children with a chronic health condition.

Mindfulness has been shown to be an effective group intervention for adults and children living with a range of medical conditions. Recently, research has also explored the impact of mindfulness interventions offered to parents of children with health conditions. Few studies have examined whether the mode of delivery (face-to-face vs online) has an impact on outcomes. Four mindfulness based wellbeing courses for parents (MBWP) of children with a chronic medical condition were run (two face to face and two online). All parents (N=37) completed the WHO Well-being Questionnaire and Neff Self-Compassion Scale Questionnaire-Short Form at the beginning and end of each course. Parents' experience of the course was also explored using a semi-structured interview 6weeks after completing the course, with their responses analysed using Thematic analysis. The groups had a statistically significant positive impact on both parent well-being and self-compassion and were equally effective face-to-face or online. All parents reported incorporating informal mindfulness practices into their day-to-day lives 6weeks post-course The qualitative analysis highlighted improvements in present moment focus, kindness to self, and family relationships. Parents valued connecting with other parents of young people with both similar and different medical conditions, within both face-to-face and online groups, increasing the accessibility of MBWP.

Parents' views, experiences and expectations when the health care of adolescents with congenital heart disease is transferred from pediatric to adult care. results from a meta-synthesis

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background/Introduction International guidelines and research endorse collaboration with parents. However, parents of young people with congenital heart disease (CHD) face several challenges when the healthcare of their child at the age of 16 or 18 years is transferred from pediatric to adult care. Parents are expected to "step aside" but they have an unclear view of what to expect and are uncertain about their role in this process. Although there has been attention to the needs of parents during young peoples’ transfer in current guidelines, it is still vaguely how health care professionals can involve parents in this process. Purpose A qualitative systematic meta-synthesis was undertaken in order to inform health care professionals on how they can involve the parents in the transfer process. This review covers parents’ experiences, expectations and needs when the health care of young people is transferred from pediatric to adult care. Methods This review was conducted in accordance with the JBI’s methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. A science librarian was involved in searches at following databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCO), Embase, PsychInfo, SweMed+, and Scopus. Qualitative studies in English, German, Swedish, Norwegian and Danish were considered for this review. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed independently by three reviewers using a standardized data extraction tool. Findings were assembled according to their quality and categorized based on their similarity in meaning. The categories were subjected to meta-synthesis in order to produce a single comprehensive set of synthesized findings. Results Six qualitative studies were included covering experiences from parents of young people with CHD. 40 findings were extracted and aggregated into seven categories and from these three synthesis were derived: i) Information is a prerequisite for being able to support young people ii) The transition process should be prepared, individualized, and based on the young people’s maturity iii) The role shift causes ambivalent feelings requiring a scaffolded transition process. Conclusion Information about organization and future follow up in adult care is a prerequisite for parents to be able to support their childs’ transfer. The transfer to adult care is a logic step, but parents fear to be excluded from future clinical discussions. Young peoples’ transfer to adult care should be decided on the basis of their maturity rather than a predefined age. Parents worry that the healthcare professionals are unaware that the young people are beginners. It causes ambivalent feelings when parents experience a role shift from being a full caregiver to become a supportive person. Parents grief because they are not needed anymore, however, it is a relief to hand over responsibility for the disease to the young people. A scaffolded transition process can help parents to adapt to their new role.

An Investigation into the Impact of COVID-19 on the Relationships Between Parents of Children Diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis and the Cystic Fibrosis Multi-Disciplinary Team

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has seen working practice in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) move to more remote clinical models. This study assesses the impact of shifting working models on the relationships between families of young people with CF and CF Multi-disciplinary Teams (MDT) as well as parents perceptions of working remotely. Methods: Six semi-structured interviews with parents of young people under the care of a regional UK CF specialist centre were analysed using Inductive content analysis. Results: Three domains emerged: Interpersonal Relationships, Remote Clinics and CF in the Context of COVID-19. The enduring and close relationships between the MDT and families were discussed as well as the acceptability of remote clinics moving forwards. Conclusions: The importance of the quality in the relationship between families and CF MDTs is vital to enhance ongoing care. Remote working was acceptable in the context of COVID-19 and with some considerations could be useful moving forwards.

Parenting roles for young people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder transitioning to adult services.

To inform transitions from child to adult health services, we explored the work and roles parents take in the care of young people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aged 14 to 25 years old. Using framework thematic analysis, we analysed data collected from 28 semi-structured interviews with parents of young people with ADHD to generate a typology and triangulated it against findings from 64 interviews with young people with ADHD. The interviews were carried out as part of a three-strand, interactive mixed-method study. An entourage typology of three parent roles was identified. Parents moved between 'manager' and 'roadie' roles as their child gradually matured. A 'superfan' role was identified which supported young people's positive self-image but may impede withdrawal from the 'manager' role. Continued parental involvement into adulthood reflected a need to maintain the balance of resources required to maintain quality of life for the whole family. This is the first study to explore parental roles in the health care of young people with ADHD. Parents will vary in their capacity to fulfil the identified roles and step back their care as their children reach adulthood. The findings can inform intervention development to support families and transition between services. Parents move from a 'manager' to 'roadie' role as young people mature. A 'superfan' role supports positive self-image and directed health care work. Continued involvement reflects parental responsibility to juggle wider family needs and resources. Parents differ in capacity to fulfil and move between these roles.

Mind the distance: experiences of non-face-to-face child and youth mental health services during COVID-19 social distancing restrictions in Western Australia

ABSTRACT Objectives Following the outbreak of COVID-19, social distancing restrictions limited access to face-to-face mental health services in Western Australia (WA), necessitating a rapid transition to non-face-to-face alternatives, including telehealth. The current study investigated barriers and facilitators to telehealth access and engagement, and preferences for child and youth mental health service delivery during and beyond COVID-19. Methods Three participant groups were recruited via social media and partner organisations, and completed a tailored online survey: i) young people (14–25 years) who had ever accessed or attempted to access mental health support or services (n = 84), ii) parents of young people with a child aged 0–25 years who had ever accessed or attempted to access mental health support or services with or on behalf of their child (n = 68), and iii) professionals working in the child or youth mental health sector (n = 167). Results Regarding barriers to engagement, young people were primarily concerned with the privacy implications of telehealth and its efficacy relative to face-to-face alternatives. Parents and clinicians were more concerned with the technological pitfalls of telehealth (e.g., internet-connectivity, picture/sound issues). Telehealth’s accessibility was highlighted as a facilitator for all groups. Although certain participant groups were considered to be more suited to telehealth than others, most participants endorsed a blended approach to the future provision of mental health services. Conclusions To facilitate a blended approach to the delivery of child and youth mental health services, participants recommended more reliable and affordable internet access, implementing funding models that support telehealth delivery, and training for clinical staff. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: At the time of writing, Western Australia has been fortunate enough to resist a large-scale outbreak of COVID-19, making the state relatively unique in its experience of the pandemic. Despite this, the state has experienced periods of social distancingrequirements and associated impact on mental health service provision. Young people have been especially susceptible to mental health decline during the pandemic. Social distancing requirements have necessitated the rapid transition of mental health service provision from face-to-face to non-face-to-face alternatives. What this topic adds: Findings from this study provide localised insights into barriers and facilitators to engagement with non-face-to-face service delivery from the perspective of children and young people, carers and mental health professionals. Despite concerns about the relative efficacy of telehealth compared to traditional face-to-face services and challenges with technology, the majority of young people, parents, and mental health professionals in the study felt that moving forwards, child and youth mental health services should be provided using a flexible, blended approach where both face-to-face and non-face-to-face options are available.

Needs and Research Priorities for Young People with Spinal Cord Lesion or Spina Bifida and Their Caregivers: A National Survey in Switzerland within the PEPSCI Collaboration.

The aim of this study was to describe the needs and research priorities of Swiss children/adolescents and young adults (from here, “young people”) with spinal cord injury/disorder (SCI/D) or spina bifida (SB) and their parents in the health and life domains as part of the international Pan-European Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury (PEPSCI) collaboration. Surveys included queries about the satisfaction, importance, research priorities, quality of life (QoL), and characteristics of the young people. Fifty-three surveys with corresponding parent-proxy reports were collected between April and November 2019. The self-report QoL sum scores from young people with SCI/D and SB were 77% and 73%, respectively. Parent-proxy report QoL sum scores were lower, with 70% scores for parents of young people with SCI/D and 64% scores for parents of young people with SB. “Having fun”, “relation to family members”, and “physical functioning” were found to be highly important for all young people. “Physical functioning”, “prevention of pressure injuries”, “general health”, and “bowel management” received the highest scores for research priority in at least one of the subgroups. As parents tend to underestimate the QoL of their children and young people prioritized research topics differently, both young peoples’ and caregivers’ perspectives should be included in the selection of research topics.

The Opioid Analgesic Reduction Study (OARS)\u2014a comparison of opioid vs. non-opioid combination analgesics for management of post-surgical pain: a double-blind randomized clinical trial

BackgroundEveryday people die unnecessarily from opioid overdose-related addiction. Dentists are among the leading prescribers of opioid analgesics. Opioid-seeking behaviors have been linked to receipt of initial opioid prescriptions following the common dental procedure of third molar extraction. With each opioid prescription, a patient’s risk for opioid misuse or abuse increases. With an estimated 56 million tablets of 5 mg hydrocodone annually prescribed after third molar extractions in the USA, 3.5 million young adults may be unnecessarily exposed to opioids by dentists who are inadvertently increasing their patient’s risk for addiction.MethodsA double-blind, stratified randomized, multi-center clinical trial has been designed to evaluate whether a combination of over-the-counter non-opioid-containing analgesics is not inferior to the most prescribed opioid analgesic. The impacted 3rd molar extraction model is being used due to the predictable severity of the post-operative pain and generalizability of results. Within each site/clinic and gender type (male/female), patients are randomized to receive either OPIOID (hydrocodone/acetaminophen 5/300 mg) or NON-OPIOID (ibuprofen/acetaminophen 400/500 mg). Outcome data include pain levels, adverse events, overall patient satisfaction, ability to sleep, and ability to perform daily functions. To develop clinical guidelines and a clinical decision-making tool, pain management, extraction difficulty, and the number of tablets taken are being collected, enabling an experimental decision-making tool to be developed.DiscussionThe proposed methods address the shortcomings of other analgesic studies. Although prior studies have tested short-term effects of single doses of pain medications, patients and their dentists are interested in managing pain for the entire post-operative period, not just the first 12 h. After surgery, patients expect to be able to perform normal daily functions without feeling nauseous or dizzy and they desire a restful sleep at night. Parents of young people are concerned with the risks of opioid use and misuse, related either to treatments received or to subsequent use of leftover pills. Upon successful completion of this clinical trial, dentists, patients, and their families will be better able to make informed decisions regarding post-operative pain management.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govNCT04452344. Registered on June 20, 2020

"Figuring out how to be normal": Exploring how young people and parents make sense of voice-hearing in the family context.

ObjectivesMaking sense of voice‐hearing—exploring the purpose, cause, and relationship with voices—is seen as therapeutically valuable for adults, but there is a paucity of research with adolescents. Family intervention is recommended for young people, yet little is known about families’ perspectives on, or role in, a child's voice‐hearing. This study therefore aimed to explore how both young people and parents had made sense of voice‐hearing in the family context.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with seven young people who hear voices (six females, one male, age M = 17 years) and six parents of young people who hear voices (five females, one male). Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsThe young people struggled to reconcile their voice‐hearing experiences within themselves, wanted control, ‘normality’, and not to let their mental health hold them back. Parents saw the voices as separate to their child, who they were protective of, and came to an acceptance and hope for the future amidst continued uncertainty. Pragmatism, and shame, ran through parents’ and young people's accounts. Tensions between them, such as autonomy versus involvement, were also apparent.ConclusionsFew participants had made sense of their experiences in any concrete form, yet hope, control, and getting on with their lives were not conditional on having done so. Young people valued the family as a safe, non‐enquiring space to be ‘normal’ and not to talk about their experiences. While all had been challenged by their experiences, an energy and strength ran through their accounts.

The Absence of Parents and the Effect on Juvenile Delinquency

The aim of the study is the effect of the absence of parents or one of them within the family due to (death, emigration, chronic illness, imprisonment, separation (divorce)) on juvenile delinquency. The researcher used the social survey approach and the comparative approach, and the study community is the Directorate of Women and Children’s Reform in the city of Erbil. The researcher used the questionnaire on the interview method to collect data and for presenting and analyzing data of this research and tools statistical such as (mean, standard deviation and Crosstab) all of them used, do used information statistics in social science (SPSS). The study yielded the following results: the immigration of the father or parents of young people who are acquainted, such as a form of absence of parents at 44%, followed by chronic illness by 36%, death by 32%, imprisonment by 16%, and the rate of separation (divorce) between parents for uninformed juveniles is 8%.  And the highest level of the forms of absence of parents is immigration to the outside ranked first, chronic disease ranked second, and death ranked third. The majority of juveniles who are defined according to the type of their deviations are theft and drugs, and the reason for their deviations is due to bad friends, and a majority of those who are known are illiteracy and drop out of school because of work and earning, and the formation of bad relationships and lack of care by the parents due to the absence of parents or one of them inside Family delinquency influence juveniles.

Parenting Between the Rules: How the Parents of Young People with Cystic Fibrosis in Canada Navigate Cross-Contamination Restrictions

Parenting Between the Rules: How the Parents of Young People with Cystic Fibrosis in Canada Navigate Cross-Contamination Restrictions

The experience of intolerance of uncertainty for parents of young people with a restrictive eating disorder

PurposeThis study aimed to explore how parents of young people with a restrictive eating disorder (ED) experience and manage uncertainty.MethodsSeventeen parents of young people with a restrictive ED were recruited from multi-family therapy groups run within a specialised ED clinic. Five focus groups were conducted asking parents about their experience of uncertainty both prior and after the onset of their child’s illness.ResultsData were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis which yielded seven superordinate themes. (1) Anorexia nervosa and uncertainty, (2) Positive and negative experiences of uncertainty (3), Helpful and unhelpful ways of coping with uncertainty, (4) Parent’s self-efficacy and uncertainty (5), Needs of parents, (6) Parents’ perceptions of intolerance of uncertainty in their children and (7) Impact of uncertainty on family life.ConclusionParents caring for young people with a restrictive ED exhibit a strong intolerance of uncertainty, particularly in relation to their child’s illness. This ‘negative uncertainty’ was thought to reduce their confidence as parents in how they managed their child’s ED. Targeting high levels of intolerance of uncertainty in parents caring for young people with an ED could be beneficial for supporting parents when faced with their child’s illness, increasing parental self-efficacy, decreasing accommodating behaviours and ultimately contributing to improved treatment outcomes.Level of evidenceLevel V: Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.

‘They call us for everything’: cynicism, rural policing and youth justice

ABSTRACT While researchers have studied police cynicism in urban contexts, few have studied cynicism in relation to rural policing and even less in relation to police responses to young people in these settings. In the current article, we respond by addressing the complex ways cynicism manifests in the rural policing of young people. Based on 104 semi-structured interviews and focus groups (n = 31) with 134 rural police officers in Atlantic Canada, we demonstrate that cynicism manifests in rural policing as role confusion, in relation to recalcitrant young people, the lack of organisational support, inefficacy of youth justice systems, and insufficient support from parents of young people in conflict with the law. Our findings highlight the value of community and organisational support, resources, and trust that are particularly salient in rural settings.

Preparation for Adulthood: Shifting Responsibility for Management of Daily Tasks From Parents to Their Children.

Importance: Limited research has described the timing of acquisition of the broad range of skills required for the transition to adulthood.Objective: To describe the timing of the shift of responsibility for daily tasks from parent to child.Design: This study used an existing data set of parent responses to 49 items in the Responsibility domain of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Tests.Participants: A U.S. nationally representative sample of 2,205 typically developing children and youth ages 0 to 20 yr.Outcomes and Measures: Descriptive analyses focused on two ages: (1) starting age (when >50% of parents reported their child was taking at least some responsibility for a task) and (2) full responsibility age (when >50% of parents reported their child was taking full responsibility for the task).Results: The process of shifting responsibility for daily life tasks from parent to child typically occurred over a long period. Many task items had an interval of 5 yr from starting age to full responsibility age; the longest interval was 15 yr. Youth began assuming responsibility for more complex tasks and tasks that involved more risk at ages 10 to 15.Conclusions and Relevance: Results can serve as a reference for the timing of the transition to greater self-management of daily life tasks across childhood and adolescence. Timing of responsibility shifts may reflect a combination of development of underlying capacities and social transitions. Executive functioning may be especially relevant for management of the more complex tasks required in daily life in adulthood.What This Article Adds: The transfer of responsibility for managing tasks of daily life from parents to children often extends over a period of many years. Clinicians may find the results helpful when discussing the future with parents of young people with disabilities and other chronic conditions and the tasks that their children must learn to manage for independent living as an adult.

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The Use of Mumsnet by Parents of Young People With Mental Health Needs: Qualitative Investigation.

BackgroundThere are high rates of mental health needs in children in the United Kingdom, and parents are increasingly seeking help for their children's needs. However, there is not enough access to child and adolescent mental health services and parents are seeking alternative forms of support and information, often from web-based sources. Mumsnet is the largest web-based parenting forum in the United Kingdom, which includes user-created discussions regarding child mental health.ObjectiveThis qualitative investigation aimed to explore the emergent themes within the narratives of posts regarding child mental health on Mumsnet and to extrapolate these themes to understand the purpose of Mumsnet for parents of children and young people with mental health needs.MethodsA total of 50 threads from Mumsnet Talk Child Mental Health were extracted. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 threads were analyzed thematically using the framework approach, a form of qualitative thematic analysis.ResultsIn total, 28 themes were extracted and organized into 3 domains. These domains were emotional support, emotional expression, and advice and information. The results suggested that parents of children with mental health needs predominantly use Mumsnet to offer and receive emotional support and to suggest general advice, techniques, and resources that could be applied outside of help from professional services.ConclusionsThis paper discusses the future of health information seeking. Future research is required to establish initiatives in which web-based peer-to-peer support and information can supplement professional services to provide optimum support for parents of children with mental health needs.

'A confident parent breeds a confident child': Understanding the experience and needs of parents whose children will transition from paediatric to adult care.

Transitional care for young people with long-term conditions emphasizes the importance of supporting parents, particularly in relation to promoting adolescent healthcare autonomy. Yet, little practical guidance is provided, and transitional care remains suboptimal for many families. This study aimed to examine how parents understand and experience their caregiving role during their child's transition to adult services, to identify parents' needs, and to inform service improvements. Focus groups were undertaken with parents of young people with brittle asthma, osteogenesis imperfecta, or epilepsy. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants (n = 13) described how their parenting roles extended beyond what they consider usual in adolescence. These roles were presented as time consuming, stressful, and unrelenting but necessary to protect children from harm in the face of multiple risks and uncertainties. Such protective strategies were also perceived to hinder adolescent development, family functioning, and their own development as midlife adults. Finding a balance between protecting immediate health and long-term well-being was a major theme. Participants called for improved support, including improved service organization. Recommendations are provided for working with parents and young people to manage the risks and uncertainties associated with their condition, as part of routine transitional care.