Parental Support For Children Research Articles

Childlessness, Social Network Profiles in Midlife and Late Adulthood, and Their Implications for Subjective Well-Being.

Despite the rising prevalence of individuals reaching advanced age without children, little is known about the diversity of support networks within childless populations. We examine the network profiles of childless adults aged 50+ in Singapore, which observes high childlessness rates despite societal emphasis on familism. We employ latent class analysis to derive network typology based on a 2022 nationwide survey in Singapore. Additionally, we use logistic regression analyses to investigate the sociodemographic correlates of childless individuals' network types and the associations between these network types and subjective well-being. Childless Singaporeans form a heterogeneous group characterized by different support networks. Evidence suggests the centrality of parents in the childless' social networks and the continuity of parent-child support exchanges that extend into the child's midlife and late adulthood. When parents are absent, siblings/extended kin serve as their support sources. Age, sibship size, and socioeconomic status are key correlates of network types. Membership in diverse networks is beneficial to the subjective well-being of childless individuals. Although one-fifth of childless individuals in restricted networks demonstrate significantly poorer well-being, the remaining four-fifths show comparable, if not better, well-being than the non-childless. Results underscore the importance of differentiating network types among the childless, particularly when assessing their well-being. Contrary to the notion of associating later-life childlessness with social isolation and vulnerabilities, many childless Singaporeans manage to construct non-child-based networks equipped with various supportive relations that cater to their needs. Nevertheless, persistent vulnerabilities among restricted network members deserve policymakers' attention.

Parental physical activity support for parents of children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia

Physical activity (PA) is crucial for promoting physical, cognitive, and psychosocial health. Unfortunately, children with disabilities spend less time engaging in PA compared to their typically developing peers. Parents play a crucial role in supporting children with disabilities to increase their level of PA. However, there is scant research on the factors linked to parental support for PA among non-Western parents of children with disabilities, particularly in the context of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, to address this gap in the literature, the current study aimed to (i) measure parental support for encouraging PA in children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia, and (ii) examine the demographic factors associated with such support (e.g., family income, age of the child, type of disability, and parents' educational background). The sample included Saudi Arabian parents of children with disabilities (N = 239; fathers: n = 123; mothers: n = 116) who completed the Arabic version of the Parental Physical Activity Support Questionnaire for Parents of Children with Disabilities (PPSQ for PCD). The findings revealed that parental support for children with disabilities to engage in PA typically occurs less than once a week, indicating an inadequate level of support. A generalized linear model analysis demonstrated that several independent demographic variables are associated with overall parental support for PA among children with disabilities: participant age, educational background, parental engagement in PA, age of the child with a disability, disability status, club participation, knowledge of legislation or policies related to the rights of children with disabilities, and number of children in the family. The findings emphasize the significance of raising awareness among parents of children with disabilities to support their children in participating in PA, as well as addressing the barriers that hinder such support.

Parental support of emergent literacy in the final preschool year in Austria during COVID-19-induced lockdowns

ABSTRACT The support of emergent literacy skills in preschool children has been considered highly important for the development of children’s competencies and their academic success in school. In addition to parents, preschool teachers are expected to support children’s emergent literacy skills with educational activities; this is specifically true for underperforming children. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and corresponding lockdowns, closures, and emergency care for preschool children impeded the development of children’s emergent literacy skills. As a result, parental support for children’s emergent literacy skills has come under scrutiny. With reference to Austria, the study aims to gain insights into parents’ self-reported perspectives on their implementation of behaviours to support emergent literacy skills and their justifications for their support or non-support during COVID-19-induced lockdowns through nine semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that the parents interviewed indicated to support emergent literacy actively, passively, or hardly at all. Justifications referred to children’s interest but also to reservations about whether preschool is too early to focus on literacy emergence. The study may provide hints for pedagogical work in preschools in post-COVID-19 times.

Pembelajaran Daring di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Kradenan Kabupaten Blora

This cross-site qualitative research describes the online learning prosess and the impact of covid-19 on learning. The research subjects are teachers and high school students using interviews, observations, and documentation. The online learning process is planned by selecting meterials, carried out using an android and whatsapp, starting at 07.00 WIB with assiggment. No process assessment. The interaction between teachers and students is one-way, not learning through activities. The obstacles are minimal internet, passive students, not enthusiastic, and lack of parental support. Positive impact, teachers know parental support for children’s education, teachers conduct IT-based learning, and flexible study time. The negative impact is that students do not understand the material.

Parental Assistance with Assignments – Types of Parental Involvement in Homework

The present study analyses – using qualitative methods – parental involvement in children’s homework, the forms of parental involvement and the types of parents in the studied area, emphasizing the decisive role of parents in the educational life of their children, using the sample of several rural settlements in Szeklerland. By focusing on the rural context, this research contributes to the existing literature by offering a more nuanced understanding of parental involvement, potentially uncovering challenges and strategies that are unique to rural communities. The literature lacks a parent typology based on qualitative research. The most common types of parents are: “aversive”, “ ambitious “, “partner”, “accountable”, “networking”. The benefits of parental support for children’s learning at home have been widely emphasized by experts in recent research. Active parental involvement has a positive impact on student achievement and learning. It also gives parents a better insight into school life and enables them to develop a partnership with the teachers.

고등학생의 영어 학업성취도에 영향을 미치는 변인 분석

Objectives The purposes of this study were to specify the variables that have a significant impact on high school students' English academic achievement from the aspects of individual, home environment, and school life using Seoul Education Longitudinal Study (SELS) 2010 data.
 Methods For this purpose, the English academic achievement scores of 2,550 high school students in Seoul were set as the dependent variable. The independent variables were attitude in class, self-directed learning ability, parents’ support for learning, parent-child relationship, the frequency level of parents-child dialogue, the degree of school satisfaction, and friends relationship. The independent variables were extracted from the student questionnaire. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed.
 Results As for the main research results, the ability of self-directed learning, attitude in class, parent-child relationship had a positive effect on English academic achievement, while parents’ support for learning, the frequency level of parents-child dialogue, and friends relationship showed negative relationships with English academic achievement. The ability of self-directed learning and attitude in class appeared to be the biggest predictors of English academic achievement. In addition, it suggests that emotional intimacy at home is more crucial support for students than parental support for children's learning.
 Conclusions Therefore, it can be said that the result of this study is the practical proof of Self-determination Theory(SDT). It is interpreted that parents’ emotional support for their children can lead to the improvement of self determination ability, and it leads to self-directed study ability and proper attitude in class. Eventually it leads to high level of academic achievement.

O.6.1-2 Motor competencies of elementary-school aged children – investigating the conjoint impact of parenting, school grounds quality, children’s movement behavior and self-confidence

Abstract Purpose To understand factors that impact on children’s motor competencies (MCs) from a socio-ecological perspective. Methods The study is a cross-sectional sub-study of a three-year longitudinal cohort study called ‘Physical Literacy for communities (PL4C)’ in the West Vancouver school district. Motor competencies were assessed by the Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAY) Fun tool. Children were asked to perform 18 different movement tasks across five domains: running, locomotor, upper and lower body control, balance. Children’s objective physical activity was measured using wrist-worn accelerometer Actigraph GT3X+BT. Through a survey, parents were asked about their children’s amount of time playing outside during workdays and weekdays as well as time doing sports or instructor-led physical activity. The Activity Support Scale for Multiple Groups (ACTS-MG) were included in the survey measuring parental support for children’s physical activity. Quality of the 14 school grounds was measured by using the Sport, Physical activity and Eating behavior: Environmental Determinants in young people (SPEEDY) school grounds audit tool existing of six component scores: cycling provision, walking provision, sports and play facilities provision, other facility provision, design of the school grounds, aesthetics. Results Complete assessment of motor competencies (with PlayFun) were done for 319 children with average age of 7.5 years (90%; 166 boys, 147 girls, 6 non-binaries), whereof the majority was on an emerging- level (79%) regarding overall MC and one fifth on competent- level (n = 67). Participants accumulated MVPA about 111 minutes per day (113 min/d for boys, 109 min/d for girls, p = 0.37). Children with competent-level MC had in average 15 minutes/day more MVPA compared to children with emerging-level MC (p = 0.001). Analysis with structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that direct significant effects of parenting, school grounds quality, children’s movement behavior varied for each MC and overall MC and between gender. ‘Logistics’ turned out to influence significantly positive most often, and had a positive significant effect on males and females overall MC (g = 0.267, p = 0.004 and g = 0.247, p = 0.011). Conclusions Beside parents logistics support and participation in sports, school grounds seems to impact positively children’s MCs, yet different school grounds qualities enhance girls’ and boys’ MCs in different ways.

The impact of parental confidence in using technology on parental engagement in children's education at home during COVID-19 lockdowns: evidence from 19 countries.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43545-023-00672-0.

The punishment is the reward – why elite Chinese students take supplementary Chinese literacy tutoring despite viewing it as ineffective

Abstract Reward and punishment are basic concepts in psychology. To survive better, humans and animals often need to maximize rewards and minimize punishments and threats. The human brain makes judgments about rewards and punishments based on distinguishing among complex environmental factors and makes decisions about future actions accordingly. Chinese students have spent more than a decade of primary and secondary school education with purposeful, fine-grained time management learning with the goal of success on the college entrance exam (Gaokao). The relationship between rewards and punishments for literacy tutoring at the primary and secondary school levels and the decision-making behavior of students and parents is therefore a question worth exploring. The purpose of this paper is to explore the decision-making mechanisms of elite Chinese students’ participation in or withdrawal from literacy tutoring in Chinese and the factors behind the reward and punishment mechanisms through grounded method analysis. The results show that most elite students and their parents do not believe that language literacy tutoring will significantly improve their chances for better college entrance exam scores, but there is a complex relationship between their decision-making behavior in tutoring and the reward and punishment mechanisms. Literacy improvement, emotional values, parent-child support obligations and even face-saving culture all contribute to students’ and parents’ decision-making behaviors. Choosing tutoring that is not seen as likely to improve test scores is a common phenomenon, which suggests that the punishment itself provides the reward that drives decisions to pursue literacy tutoring.

Parental mentalization goes to school: a brief online mentalization-based intervention to improve parental academic support

ABSTRACT Parental support of children’s learning contributes to children’s motivation, efficacy, and academic success. Nonetheless, in the context of homework, many parents struggle to offer adequate academic support and intervene in a manner that can curtail children’s academic progress. A mentalization-based online intervention was proposed for improving parental homework support. The intervention involves teaching parents to dedicate the first 5 minutes of homework preparation to observation of the child’s and the parent’s mental states. Thirty-seven Israeli parents of elementary school children randomly assigned to intervention or waitlist conditions participated in a pilot study assessing the feasibility and initial efficacy of the intervention. Participants completed self-report measures before and after the intervention or a 2-week waiting period and provided feedback on the intervention. Pilot findings suggest that this low-intensity online intervention can be effective in improving parenting practices in the homework supervision context. A randomized controlled trial is required to further establish the intervention’s efficacy.

The Relationship between Children's Learning Motivation and Early Childhood Learning Outcomes

This study aims to determine (1) parental support of children. (2) children's learning motivation (3) the relationship between parental support and motivation to children's learning outcomes. This research is included in quantitative research. The population of this study were all parents in the school, totaling 33 people. Determination of the sample using the saturated sample method, where all the population is sampled. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, questionnaires or questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study used statistical test data with SPSS ver. 23.0 for windows.

Negotiating Unequal Exchange: Relational Work in Cross‐Class Sibling Relationships1

Based on 60 in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews, this article examines exchanges of support in cross‐class adult sibling relationships. Whereas previous studies of family exchange have largely focused on parent–child support and patterns of inequality across families, this study addresses a gap in the literature by focusing on sibling exchanges and within‐family inequality. How is support exchanged when expectations of peer equality are violated—when there is an economic difference between adult siblings? I find that cross‐class siblings engage in relational work to shape and reframe exchanges in ways that are more indirect, often involving third parties. I identify four types of indirect economic support—proxy support, dependent support, compensatory support, and shared resources—which contribute to our understanding of the dynamics of sibling exchange, and point to ways in which inequality can be interactionally managed.

Case Study of Parental Involvement in PAUD Program in TK IPPA Nurul Haq

Parental involvement is parental support for children which has a significant impact on children's learning, academic skills, motivation, and self-esteem. This study aims to determine and describe the involvement of parents in the ECE program at TK IPPA Nurul Haq. The research uses a case study qualitative approach. The research subjects were 8 parents and 1 teacher. Data were collected using interviews, observation, and documentation, and analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis. The results showed 1) parental involvement in the form of parenting, communication, volunteering, learning at home, decision making, and collaboration with the community; 2) Factors supporting involvement include awareness and friendly attitude of the school;while the barriers are also awareness and busyness; 3) The benefits of involvement are that parents promote schools, get information on children's development achievements, increase children's motivation and learning achievements; 4) Schools have made various efforts to increase parental involvement in TK IPPA Nurul Haq. It is hoped that in the future, teachers can improve good communication and cooperation, so that more parents will be involved in the earli childhood program;because in the end this involvement will have a good impact on children and schools.

Do Playful Parents Raise Playful Children? A Mixed Methods Study to Explore the Impact of Parental Playfulness on Children’s Playfulness

ABSTRACT Research Findings: Playfulness is an important personality tendency with an important role in the well-being, mental health, and various other aspects of an individual’s life. Previous studies have shown that the development of children’s playfulness is related to parents’ playfulness. However, limited research has been conducted on how parental playfulness influences children’s playfulness. The present study used a mixed-methods design to examine the impact of parents’ playfulness on their children’s playfulness and explore the mechanism of the impacting process. Questionnaires were administered to participants, who comprised 360 parents of preschool children, to test the relationship between parental and children’s playfulness and explore the roles of parenting styles and parent-child relationships as the quantitative element of the study. The qualitative element comprised semi-structured interviews with 10 parents selected from the quantitative part. The results suggest that there was significant positive correlation between parental and children’s playfulness and democratic parenting and intimate parent-child relationships had a chain mediating effect on this relationship. Further, parents’ attitudes toward playfulness, constraints on children’s play, and parental support for children in play were also the factors that influence the relationship between parental and children’s playfulness. Practice or Policy: These findings provide approaches of interventions aimed at cultivating a higher level of playfulness, and simultaneously promoting the overall development of children.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Family-Based Virtual Childhood Obesity Management Program Delivered During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada: Prospective Study.

Generation Health (GH) is a 10-week family-based lifestyle program designed to promote a healthy lifestyle for families with children who are off the healthy weight trajectory in British Columbia, Canada. GH uses a blended delivery format that involves 10 weekly in-person sessions, and self-guided lessons and activities on a web portal. The blended program was adapted to be delivered virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, the effectiveness of the virtual GH program compared with that of the blended GH program remains unclear. We aimed to (1) compare the effectiveness of the virtual GH program delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic with that of the blended GH program delivered prior to the pandemic for changing child physical activity, sedentary and dietary behaviors, screen time, and parental support-related behaviors for child physical activity and healthy eating, and (2) explore virtual GH program engagement and satisfaction. This study used a single-arm pre-post design. The blended GH program (n=102) was delivered from January 2019 to February 2020, and the virtual GH program (n=90) was delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic from April 2020 to March 2021. Families with children aged 8-12 years and considered overweight or obese (BMI ≥85th percentile according to age and sex) were recruited. Participants completed preintervention and postintervention questionnaires to assess the children's physical activity, dietary and sedentary behaviors, and screen time, and the parent's support behaviors. Intervention feedback was obtained by interviews. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate the difference between the virtual and blended GH programs over time. Qualitative interviews were analyzed using thematic analyses. Both the virtual and blended GH programs improved children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (F1,380=18.37; P<.001; ηp2=0.07) and reduced screen time (F1,380=9.17; P=.003; ηp2=0.06). However, vegetable intake was significantly greater in the virtual GH group than in the blended GH group at the 10-week follow-up (F1,380=15.19; P<.001; ηp2=0.004). Parents in both groups showed significant improvements in support behaviors for children's physical activity (F1,380=5.55; P=.02; ηp2=0.002) and healthy eating (F1,380=3.91; P<.001; ηp2=0.01), as well as self-regulation of parental support for children's physical activity (F1,380=49.20; P<.001; ηp2=0.16) and healthy eating (F1,380=91.13; P<.001; ηp2=0.28). Families in both groups were satisfied with program delivery. There were no significant differences in attendance for the weekly in-person or group video chat sessions; however, portal usage was significantly greater in the virtual GH group (mean 50, SD 55.82 minutes) than in the blended GH group (mean 17, SD 15.3 minutes; P<.001). The study findings suggested that the virtual GH program was as effective as the blended program for improving child lifestyle behaviors and parental support-related behaviors. The virtual program has the potential to improve the flexibility and scalability of family-based childhood obesity management interventions.

Parents’ Perceptions of UK Forest School: Descriptive and Evaluative Aspects

Parental support for children’s Forest School (FS) education is likely connected to the parents’ own views about FS. We investigated parents’ perceptions of FS by performing a qualitative study on parents’ views, as expressed in an online forum for parents (Mumsnet). Findings were grouped into two main categories, descriptive (what FS is) and evaluative (FS is good or bad). Thematic analysis revealed five dimensions of evaluation: skills and knowledge, nature connectedness and physical/mental health, structure, inclusivity and enjoyment. Along these dimensions we uncovered tensions between opposing views. We also identified two strategies for dealing with these tensions, dismissal and balance. This is the first study that identifies dimensions of evaluation for FS and potential parent satisfaction. The implications are discussed.

Parental Assistance for Children's Learning Process in the Era of the Covid-19 Pandemic

&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the education sector is very significant. The face-to-face learning process turned into distance learning. This study aimed to obtain information about parental understanding and forms of parental support for children in the learning process during the Covid-19 Pandemic Era in Ngoro Tengah Hamlet, Triyagan Village, Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative. In this research, we distributed questionnaires to parents of school-age children. And then, we provide counseling and distribute the questionnaires again. The results obtained are that it can be seen that the level of understanding of the community in the Ngoro Tengah Hamlet, Triyagan Village, Mojolaban District, and Sukoharjo Regency regarding the children's learning process in the Covid-19 pandemic era is relatively high, but it turns out that in the process of implementing online learning the respondents in this study stated that the difficulties in implementing online learning and feel that online learning makes respondents difficult and not optimal and the role of parents in the form of support for children in the learning process shows a good response with 95.77% supporting online learning.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Hubungan antara Dukungan Orang Tua dengan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas Tinggi

The problem in this study is the lack of parental support for children, so students lack motivation in learning. This research is a quantitative research with correlational type which aims to determine whether there is a significant relationship between parental support and student motivation. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling technique. The results showed that parental support was in the very good category with a percentage of 87.52% and students' learning motivation was in the very good category with a percentage of 91.35%. The tcount (8,1307) is greater (&gt;) the ttable value (1,98896) which means H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between parental support and student motivation at SDN 17 Bila, Lalabata District, Soppeng Regency. The higher the parental support, the higher the student's learning motivation.

Supporting Childhood Bereavement Through School-Based Grief Group.

With 7.3% of children under the age of 18 experiencing the death of a parent and more who experience a loss of a loved one bereavement is a common experience in the lives of children and youth. The current study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of an 8-week, school-based grief group treatment program in reducing symptoms of grief, dysregulation, and improving social support. A total of 296 children and youth (age 11-18) participated in the grief programming provided by a local hospice agency. With a retention rate of 76% the researchers identified a significant reduction in grief symptomology, frequency of emotion dysregulation, and a significant increase in perceived social support from pre- to post-8-week school-based grief programming. A reduction in intensity of dysregulation was not significant. Implications for school personnel and parental support of children and youth experiencing loss are discussed.

Individual Differences in Parental Support for Numeracy and Literacy in Early Childhood

Past research has examined parental support for children’s math and reading skills in the early years through parents’ reports of their activities with their children in somewhat inconsistent ways. In this study, we use data from a large sample of parents (n = 259; 103 males) collected through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to examine dimensions of parental enrichment in both support for literacy and numeracy skills at home. Additionally, we examine how socioeconomic resources as well as parental beliefs relate to these dimensions of the home literacy and home numeracy environment. Factor analyses revealed two dimensions of literacy activities (i.e., passive and active literacy activities) and three dimensions of numeracy activities (i.e., numeracy applications, basic numeracy, and written numeracy activities). Income was positively associated with active literacy activities, whereas parents’ educational attainment was negatively associated with active literacy activities and written numeracy activities. Additionally, parental beliefs, including their beliefs about the importance of literacy and math skills as well as their perceived responsibility for teaching their children reading, math, and language skills, related to home literacy and numeracy activities in distinctive ways. These results suggest that future research should explore parental enrichment practices with greater nuance, particularly when examining associations with socioeconomic status.