Parchment Paper Research Articles

Role of different oils and cooking materials on chemical compounds and antioxidant properties of garlic

This study determined the effects of cooking Taşköprü garlic, which is grown with a geographical indication in Turkiye, in three cooking materials (unbleached parchment paper (UP), bleached parchment paper (BP), and oven bag (OB)) and four vegetable oils (sunflower oil (SO), hazelnut oil (HO), corn oil (CO), and olive oil (OO)) on total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, phenolic compound profile, and chemical compound profile. The effects of cooking material (CM) and oil type (OT) on garlic samples’ TPC were found to be insignificant (p > 0.05). However, cooking material (CM) and oil type (OT) impacted antioxidant activity. According to cooking material, statistically, the highest antioxidant activity with the DPPH method was identified in garlic cooked using UP and BP, while the highest antioxidant activity with the ABTS method was found in garlic cooked with BP and OB. The garlic samples roasted with the mentioned oils and cooking materials were analyzed by LC-MS/MS in terms of thirty-five phenolic compounds. However, only five of these compounds (quinic acid, fumaric acid, hesperidin, ferulic acid, and rosmarinic acid) were detected in the samples. The chemical components of the cooked garlic samples primarily consist of terpenoids (β–sitosterol and squalene). The use of cooking material affected the amount of squalene compound in all garlic samples cooked with olive oil. Among these samples, the lowest squalene rate (52.11%) was found in only roasted garlic. In addition, according to GC-MS results, we can say that the use of hazelnut oil and unbleached parchment paper in the roasting process has a protective effect on the cis-vaccenic acid compound, which is known to show anticancer properties.Graphical

STRATEGIC ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF LACCASE-PRODUCING MICROBES IN SOLID-STATE AND SUBMERGED FERMENTATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DYE DECOLORIZATION

Laccase, a polyphenol oxidase enzyme, is prominent for its catalytic potential in oxidizing various aromatic compounds, including the complete decomposition of wood elements. This enzyme is naturally prevalent among plants, insects, microbes, and fungi and is essential for several biotechnological applications due to its high redox potential, notably in dye degradation, wastewater treatment, and soil detoxification. Our study focused on isolating, screening, and increasing laccase production from specifically chosen bacterial and fungal sources. We identified nine bacterial and three fungal strains from various polluted sites and natural environments. These strains were cultivated, with laccase activity measured through ABTS assays for bacteria and GUAIACOL assays for fungi, leading to important findings on enzyme activities. The laccase was further refined using a nutrient medium with added tannic acid and partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation. This purified form displayed the capability to decolorize Azo dyes efficiently. Lastly, we evaluated the efficacy of laccase in breaking down dyes and their future use in the decolorization of parchment paper, indicating a promising field of application for this microbial synthesized laccase enzyme.

Newborns with Collodion Skin Disorders

Collodion Baby is a descriptive term for newborns with the entire surface of the body wrapped in a rigid yellowish membrane that resembles solid and translucent parchment paper. A rare disorder that often occurs in preterm babies with low birth weight. Collodion babies can have defects in protein and fat metabolism due to genetic mutations. Management with emollients, fluid and electrolyte balance and overcoming infection. Case Report : Reported newborn came to the emergency room of Soeselo Hospital referral from Puskesmas with Collodion Baby and low birth weight. Yellowish skin is obtained throughout the body such as translucent thick parchment, fissures with some erosion and ecropions in both eyes. The patient is placed in an incubator with a temperature of 30-32o C, emollient therapy, topical antibiotics on fissures and erosions, prophylactic antibiotics and antibiotic creams for ectropion. Discussion : Collodion baby is a condition at risk of serious complications including: risk of infection, hypernatremic dehydration, fluid and electrolyte imbalances and temperature instability caused by epidermal lipid disorders and protein homeostasis, resulting in increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) caused by mutations in the transglutaminase 1-TGM1, ALOXE3 or ALOX12B, ABCA12, HIPAL4/ichthyin, ABHD5 genes responsible for epidermal homeostasis. Conclusion: Collodion Baby is a disorder with severe corneal damage. The importance of proper and comprehensive management with the aim of minimizing complications can reduce morbidity and mortality.

Screen-printed graphite electrode on polyvinyl chloride and parchment strips integrated with genetic programming for in situ nitrate sensing of aquaponic pond water

Nitrate is the primary water-soluble macronutrient essential for plant growth that is converted from excess fish feeds, fish effluents, and degrading biomaterials on the aquaponic pond floor, and when aquacultural malpractices occur, large amounts of it retain in the water system causing increase rate in eutrophication and toxifies fish and aquaculture plants. Recent nitrate sensor prototypes still require performing the additional steps of water sample deionization and dilution and were constructed with expensive materials. In response to the challenge of sensor enhancement and aquaponic water quality monitoring, this study developed sensitive, repeatable, and reproducible screen-printed graphite electrodes on polyvinyl chloride and parchment paper substrates with silver as electrode material and 60:40 graphite powder:nail polish formulated conductive ink for electrical traces, integrated with 9-gene genetic expression model as a function of peak anodic current and electrochemical test time for nitrate concentration prediction that is embedded into low-power Arduino ESP32 for in situ nitrate sensing in aquaponic pond water. Five SPE electrical traces were designed on the two types of substrates. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray confirmed the electrode surface morphology. Electrochemical cyclic voltammetry using 10 to 100 mg/L KNO3 and water from three-depth regions of the actual pond established the electrochemical test time (10.5 s) and electrode potential (0.135 V) protocol necessary to produce peak current that corresponds to the strength of nitrate ions during redox. The findings from in situ testing revealed that the proposed sensors have strong linear predictions (R2 = 0.968 MSE = 1.659 for nSPEv and R2 = 0.966 MSE = 4.697 for nSPEp) in the range of 10 to 100 mg/L and best detection limit of 3.15 μg/L, which are comparable to other sensors of more complex construction. The developed three-electrode electrochemical nitrate sensor confirms that it is reliable for both biosensing in controlled solutions and in situ aquaponic pond water systems.

Fetus papyraceous: a rare clinical image

Fetus papyraceous is characterized by the intrauterine fetal demise of a twin occurring early in pregnancy, which is then compressed between membranes and the uterine wall. After a while, the fetus becomes mummified and resembles parchment paper. It is a rare complication with an incidence of 1 in 12,000, mostly among twin pregnancies. Predisposing factors may include: multiple pregnancies, use of assisted reproductive techniques, certain intrauterine conditions like membranous cord insertion. Insufficiency of the placenta or twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. A 26-year-old unbooked para 2 living 1 with 39 weeks 6 days of gestation with previous vaginal delivery came to a casualty with complaints of lower abdomen pain. Blood investigations and term ultrasound were found to be normal. The patient´s vitally stable. On examination, per abdomen, adequate contractions with a cephalic presentation, fetal heart rate of 150 beats/min present. Per vaginal examination, the cervix is fully dilated and effaced, and membranes present with the adequate pelvis. After spontaneous rupture of membranes, delivered a live term baby with a 2.6 kg birth weight, the baby cried immediately after birth. On examination of the placenta and membranes, there was an incidental finding of a hard, paper-like flattened structure: a shrunken dead fetus-fetus papyraceous. Differential diagnosis of this condition depends on the time of diagnosis antenatal -vanishing twin syndrome in the first trimester, fetus papyraceous in the second trimester, macerated twin in the third trimester.

PREOPERATIVE FASTING AMOUNTING TO DEHYDRATION IN PEDIATRICS AGE GROUP- AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Introduction: Pre-preoperative fasting, a universally practiced principle in elective cases helps to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents. Prolonged fasting for 8-10 hours has been practiced at various places to avoid complications like Mendelson's Syndrome and Aspiration Pneumonia. However, prolonged fasting may be an unpleasant experience causing distress, irritability, dehydration and hypoglycemia especially in pediatric patients. Studies have reported many children end up fasting for up to 12 or 15 hours inspite of recommended 6-4-2 guidelines, leading to side-effects like, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, dehydration.In this study, we tried to acertain the dehydration status due to various reasons and also suggested a solution for the same. To assess the Aims dehydration status of pediatric patient based on clinical dehydration scale. (1) T Objectives: o asses the complaints of paient suggesting dehydration on well designed proforma.(2) To asses amount of dehydartion according to dryness of mucous membranes by using nger print impression This randomised trial was conducted on 100 NBM paediatric patients Materials And Methods: in age group of 0-14 yrs at Dr. D.Y.Patil Medical College ,Pune. Time at which the patient was wheeled into operation theater, duration of preoperative fasting was noted ,calculated, analyzed and compared. The tongue was assessed to nd the degree of hydration with help of nger impression from moist tongue on parchment paper and scoring was given as follows: Scoring:5- almost full nger impression,3- half nger impression and 1-No nger impression. The nger impression test was, No impression (score=1) in 40 patient Result: s, half nger impression (score=3) in 37 patients and almost full nger impression (score =5) in 23 patients. Fasting time for pe Conclusion: diatric patients in our study were typically far longer than current guidelines. This can be attributed to surgery timings of previous patients inside the theatre leading to prolonged fasting time.

Respite. Quiet. A House of Dreams.

Respite. Quiet. A House of Dreams.

Teknologi Tepat Guna Produksi Sabun Batang Dari Minyak Jelantah di Padang Pariaman

Ramuak cracker is one of the main product of Toboh Mandailing, Balai Baru, VII Koto Sungai Sariak, Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera. One of the obstacles faced by the cracker industry players is the amount of used cooking oil produced. Used cooking oil is leftover frying oil that has been repeatedly used. If it continues to be consumed, it will be harmful to health. If discharged into the environment, it will cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the Community Partnership Program Team of the Politeknik ATI Padang provided counseling about the dangers of used cooking oil and efforts to process used cooking oil into something useful, namely producing bar soap with used cooking oil as its raw material. The step of making bar soap from used cooking oil is to slowly dissolve the NaOH solution into 500 grams of used cooking oil, then stir using a stainless steel stirrer until evenly distributed and there are no more lumps. The next step is to add dyes and fragrances and stir again to form a soap mixture. Do the printing of the soap dough in the mold by coating it with parchment paper. Let stand for 24-48 hours until the saponification process is complete. PKM activities carried out well and smoothly and in accordance with the expected results. Each participant was able to make bar soap from used cooking oil very well. This activity is expected to provide insight, knowledge and input to partners regarding the process of making bar soap from used cooking oil so that it can be used for daily needs and can even be sold as an additional source of income for the community.

Increasing seed set and pollen proofing in Brassica juncea and Brassica napus through novel non-woven synthetic pollination control bags

ABSTRACT Brassica juncea and B. napus species are predominantly self-pollinated. Parchment paper or muslin cloth bags are used for controlled selfed or cross-seed production. We evaluated three non-woven synthetic pollination control bags (PCBs) for two years as replacement for the commonly used PCBs. The new synthetic PCBs were fully pollen proof since the molecular marker analysis of the random seeds set on two cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines isolated with PCBs were all maternally originated. DWB03 bags returned 47% significantly more seeds per bud than the parchment paper bags. Larger DWB03 bags showed 38% higher mean seed yield (g/plant) than the muslin cloth bags. Re-used DWB03 bags were statistically on par with new bags for the seed yield per plant. On average, DWB03 bags produced 57% more hybrid seed set on CMS lines than the muslin cloth bags. The micro-climate in DWB03 bags appeared to be more conducive for good seed set as compared to the outside and muslin cloth bags. Non-woven PCBs offer better options for replacing paper or muslin cloth bags in the breeding of Brassicas.

Stability and inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on food contact surfaces

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 269 million people and killed more than 5.3 million people worldwide. Although fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been continuously reported, few studies have been conducted on food contact surfaces. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the viability of coronaviruses on food contact surfaces and to remove SARS-CoV-2 contaminated on food contact surfaces with disinfectants. At 20 °C, SARS-CoV-2 was inactivated within 48 h on all food contact surfaces. At 4 °C, it was inactivated at 48 h on kraft paper and 96 h on parchment paper, but it was viable up to 5 days in low-density polyethylene (LDPE). At −20 °C, SARS-CoV-2 did not decrease by even 1 log on all food contact surfaces until 5 days. Treatment with 70% ethanol or 1000 ppm sodium hypochlorite for 5 min was sufficient to completely remove SARS-CoV-2 from 6 food contact surfaces. Similarly, UV-C irradiation at 60 mJ/cm2 eliminated SARS-CoV-2 contaminated on food contact surfaces. Also, the wiping test showed that even wiping an area contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 with a cloth moistened with 70% ethanol or 1000 ppm sodium hypochlorite, it took 5 min to inactivate the virus. Our findings suggested that SARS-CoV-2 contaminated on food contact surfaces in local retail may be viable enough to be transported home. However, if the type and method of use of the disinfectant suggested in this study are followed, it is possible to sufficiently control the fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through food contact surfaces at home.

Método potencial para otimização de captura e manejo de abelhas nativas sem ferrão (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) em iscas atrativas

Currently, pollinators are suffering an accelerated decline in their biodiversity due to factors such as pesticides, habitat loss, climate change and competition between exotic species. Bees are among the most important agents of pollination and those of the Meliponini tribe have been gaining prominence due to the spread of rational breeding practices. These practices can positively contribute to recreational, educational and commercial exploitation of the products produced. Despite widespread practices, and the various existing initiatives to regulate the creation and quality of honey, little has been proposed to improve techniques for obtaining colonies. In order to examine the potential use of an optimized technique for handling the removal of nests captured on attractive baits, a sheet of parchment paper was included as a coating inside two baits, in order to verify if this process does not interfere in obtaining the colony. and would facilitate its removal without damaging internal structures, improving handling. In the two attempts carried out, there was success in capturing swarms of the Jataí species (Tetragonisca angustula Latreille, 1811; Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) between three and five days after the installation of the bait. After the establishment of the swarm, the potential for the use of tracing paper was observed, which not only facilitated the handling and avoided the stress of the bees during the transfer but was even used for the construction of the nest by the bees of this species.

Wireless Humidity Sensor for Smart Packaging via One‐step Laser‐Induced Patterning and Nanoparticle Formation on Metallized Paper

AbstractIn this work, a scalable and rapid process is developed for creating a low‐cost humidity sensor for wireless monitoring of moisture levels within packaged goods. The sensor comprises a moisture‐sensitive interdigitated capacitor connected to a planar spiral coil, forming an LC circuit whose resonant frequency is a function of environmental humidity. The sensor is fabricated on a commercially available metallized parchment paper through selective laser ablation of the laminated aluminum (Al) film on the parchment paper substrate. The laser ablation process provides a unique one‐step patterning of the conductive Al layer on the paper while simultaneously creating high surface area Al2O3nanoparticles within the laser‐ablated regions. The intrinsic humidity‐responsive characteristics of the laser‐induced Al2O3nanostructures provide the wireless sensor with a tenfold higher sensitivity to humidity than a similar LC resonant sensor prepared by conventional photolithography‐based processes on FR‐4 substrates. The frequency change of the sensor is observed to be a linear function within the range of 0−85% RH, providing an average sensitivity of −87 kHz RH−1with good repeatability and stable performance. Furthermore, the employment of scalable laser fabrication processes using commercially available inexpensive materials renders these technologies viable for roll‐to‐roll manufacturing of low‐cost wireless sensors for smart packaging applications.

A Personal History of Jamaican Black Cake

A Personal History of Jamaican Black Cake

Influence of pre-harvest fruit bagging and plant cover on peel colour, physical appearance and quality traits of pomegranate fruits in arid conditions

Aim: To study the influence of fruit bagging and plant cover on microclimate modification and its role on external quality traits and physico-chemical fruit characteristics of pomegranate cv. Bhagwa in arid conditions. Methodology: Fruits bagging was done with single layer bags of news paper (NP), brown paper (BP), white parchment paper (PP), non-woven polypropylene (NWP), complete plant covering with non-woven polypropylene (CNWP), and un-bagged with no cover was kept as control. Bagging was done 60 days after fruit set and continued until harvest, each year. Results: Bagging and plant covering modified the microenvironment which positively influenced the fruit development. Among the bags, inside air temperature was higher in BP followed by NP, PP and NWP, while RH was higher in PP. PP bags was most effective for the development of attractive red peel color (a* value = 44.4) followed by NWP (a* value = 39.6) or CNWP (a* value = 36.6). All four bags were able to check thrips incidence completely, while PP bagging provided physical scratches or fungal spot free fruits. Physical attributes of fruits including fruit weight, aril weight, peel thickness and juice content were considerably affected. Interpretation: Fruit bagging or plant covering is simple, cost-effective and eco- friendly way to produce quality safe pomegranate fruits under adverse climatic conditions of arid regions.

Lumbar Skin Lesion in a Term Infant.

Lumbar Skin Lesion in a Term Infant.

The effect of the use of perkamen paper packaging on the shelf life estimation of Bolu Cukke using the Accelerated Shelf LifeTesting (ASLT) method

This study aims to estimate the shelf life of Bolu Cukke packaged in parchment paper using the Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) method. The critical water content parameters in Bolu Cukke are its aroma and its texture. The equilibrium moisture content was obtained from six types of saturated salt solution in the humidity chamber with 7-84% RH. Isothermal sorption curves are obtained by plotting Aw with equilibrium moisture content (Me) which would be tested using five isothermal sorption equation designs to obtain the Mean Relative Deviation (MRD) value. The lowest MRD value is 9.2 obtained from Hasley’s Isothermal equation design. All variables were then collected using the Labuza equation. The results of this study indicated that the estimation of shelf life of Bolu Cukke products in the parchment paper packaging at 30°C with 78% RH is approximately 7 days.

Evaluation of traditional, starch nanoparticle and its hybrid composite for the Consolidation of Tracing Paper

Tracing paper was used since the 12th century. The deterioration of tracing paper occurs as a result of external factors (inappropriate environmental conditions), or internal factors (such as manufacture process). The manufacturing process plays a significant role in the deterioration process since the preparation of tracing paper includes impregnating with oils or resins, heavy beating of the pulp, and treating the paper with chemicals such as sulfuric acid, and zinc chloride. The consolidation process is vital in the conservation of tracing paper to increase its strength and resistance against improper surrounding environmental conditions. Starch in its traditional form had been used as an adhesive for tracing paper since the last century. This paper aims to evaluate the use of starch in its traditional form and nanoscale form in improving the properties of 4 types of tracing paper. Mechanical properties, change of color, pH value, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and investigation of the surface morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used for the evaluation process. Thermal aging at 100 oC was used for the aging of treated and untreated tracing paper. The results revealed that the starch nanoparticles dissolved in water were the best consolidant for impregnated tracing paper. Starch nanoparticles with carboxymethyl cellulose dissolved in water were the best consolidant for the two types of genuine vegetable parchment paper. Starch nanoparticles dissolved in acetone with carboxymethyl cellulose were the best consolidant for modern tracing paper.

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF POLLEN FERTILITY OF SOME CHERRY FORMS BREEDING OF THE RUSSIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FRUIT CROP BREEDING

Fertility of pollen grains is their ability to induce full fertilization. This parameter is one of the most important in the selection of pairs when crossing all fruit crops, including sour cherry. The determination of this parameter in selected and elite forms of sour cherry is an urgent direction in breeding. The purpose of these studies was to determine the fertility of pollen in four selected and elite forms of sour cherry breeding in the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding (RRIFCB). The studies were conducted at the laboratory of cytoembryology over 2 years, from 2019 to 2020, and their results are preliminary. As objects of research, 4 selected and elite forms of sour cherry, with high taste and marketability, were taken. The sour cherry variety Turgenevka, obtained at RRIFCB, was chosen as a control. The collection of pollen from cherry forms to determine fertility was carried out during the period of mass flowering of trees in the first ten days of May. The anthers removed from the flowers were dried at room temperature, opened, and the spilled pollen was poured into parchment paper bags and stored in a desiccator over calcium chloride. Fertility was determined by the method of pollen staining with acetocarmine. According to the research results, it was established that, on average, over 2 years of research, cherry accessions 84847, 84854, 84735 stand out for a high degree of pollen fertility (more than 58.64 % in almost all forms), which makes it possible to recommend them for use in crosses to obtain new hybrids . The highest degree of fertility was observed in pollen of the control variety Turgenevka — it was 76.80 % on average over two years. The lowest fertility was observed in the sour cherry form 84595. In this case, it was only 29.61 %.

Low-cost fabrication of a pH sensor based on writing directly over parchment-type paper with pencil

Herein, we introduce a low-cost and straightforward method for preparing pH sensors based on parchment-type paper and pencil traces as a base and electrode, respectively. The hydrophobic feature of the parchment paper supports the relatively long life of the proposed pH sensor. The results indicate that the present sensors have a Nernstian response with a Nernstian slope of 52.1 ± 1.5 mV/pH and a good linearity of 0.995 from pH 4 to 10. The stability of the proposed electrode is approximately 0.75 mV/h. The prepared electrodes show a relatively long operating life compared with the published results of ordinary paper-based pH devices. However, the Nernstian factor decreases over time and stabilizes at approximately 28 mV/pH after two months. This approach provides a low-cost and reproducible pH sensor.

Investigation on reproductive characteristics of Polygonatum cyrtonema

The study is aimed to investigate the reproductive biology characteristics of Polygonatum cyrtonema, especially including phenology, flower bud differentiation, flowering timing, floral traits, pollen vigor and stigma receptivity. The results showed that P. cyrtonema forms inflorescence before the leaves spread. In the wild, P. cyrtonema is mainly pollinated by insects such as bumblebees, with a seed setting rate of 65.12%. The seed setting rate of indoor single plant isolation or self-pollination enclosed by parchment paper bag is 0, indicating that it is self-incompatible. In Lin'an city, seedlings begin to emerge from mid-March to early April(the temperature is higher than 7.5 ℃), buds begin to emerge from the end of March to mid-April, and then undergo the full bloom stage from mid-to-late April, and the final flowering stage from the end of April to mid-May. The whole flowering period lasts 36 to 45 days. There are obvious differences in the phenology of different provenances. The flowers come into bloom from the base to the top along the aboveground main axis, which usually contain 4-22 inflorescences with(2-) 4-10(-21) flowers per inflorescence. The flowering pe-riod for a single plant is 26-38 days. The single flower lasts about 20-25 days from budding to opening and withers 2 days after pollination, and then the ovary will gradually expand. If unpollinated, it will continue to bloom for 3-5 days and then wither. Flower development period is significantly related to pollen vigor and stigma remittance. The pollen viability is the highest when the flower is fully opened with anthers gathering on the stigma, and the receptivity is the strongest when the stigma protrudes out of the perianth and secretes mucus. The fruits and seeds ripen in October, and proper shading can ensure the smooth development and maturity of the seeds. This study provides a basis for the hybrid breeding and seed production of P. cyrtonema.