Parameters In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Research Articles

Oncostatin M Is Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Case Control Study.

Background: Oncostatin M, a novel adipokine, plays a role in oogenesis, lipogenesis, and inflammation and may contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis and related metabolic problems. Adipokines are believed to contribute to developing polycystic ovary syndrome and its accompanying metabolic parameters, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: In this case-control study, the patients were grouped in a 1:1 ratio into either the polycystic ovary syndrome (n = 32) or the control group (n = 32). Serum levels of fasting glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, white blood cell count, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, total testosterone, prolactin, estradiol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and oncostatin M were analyzed. Results: Oncostatin M levels were significantly lower, but C-reactive protein levels were substantially higher in the polycystic ovary syndrome group than in the control group (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, respectively). Oncostatin M was inversely correlated with total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, and the luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio (ρ = -0.329, p =0.017; ρ = -0.386, p = 0.005; ρ = -0.440, p = 0.001; ρ = -0.316, p = 0.023, respectively). Conversely, there was no correlation between oncostatin M and total testosterone level (ρ = 0.220; p = 0.118). In the context of inflammation and metabolic parameters, oncostatin M was inversely correlated with C-reactive protein, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance score, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ρ = -0.353, p = 0.019; ρ = -0.275, p = 0.048; ρ = -0.470, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Plasma oncostatin M levels were considerably lower in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than in the control group, and this was inversely correlated with the hormonal and metabolic parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome. Thus, oncostatin M may be a novel therapeutic target for polycystic ovary syndrome and its metabolic parameters.

Vigorous vs. moderate exercise to improve glucose metabolism in inactive women with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance: a pilot randomized controlled trial of two home-based exercise routines

To study the impact of vigorous vs. moderate exercise on metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Randomized controlled trial. Unsupervised home-based exercise program. Patients with PCOS on the basis of the Rotterdam criteria with insulin resistance. Participants were block randomized to a home-based exercise program of 75 minutes of vigorous exercise or 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week, for 8 weeks total. Changes in glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance. In total, 36 participants were randomized, of whom 20 completed the study. The percentage changes from baseline at 4 and 8weeks for fasting glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance did not significantly differ between the groups, except for the change in the 8-week glucose level, which was more favorable in the moderate arm (8.06% [standard deviation, 6.44%] in the vigorous group compared with -0.32% [standard deviation, 4.91%] in the moderate group). The absolute values of the main outcomes (fasting glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance) at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks did not significantly differ between trial arms. When assessing the change from baseline at 4 and 8 weeks, overall and within each trial arm, only the 8-week fasting glucose level was significantly greater than the baseline value in the vigorous arm (93.5 [95% confidence interval, 88.7-98.3] vs. 86.8 [95% confidence interval, 81.1-92.4]). Unsupervised short-term exercise programs may not achieve significant metabolic improvements in patients with PCOS, regardless of vigorous vs. moderate intensity. Future studies should investigate this question in larger sample sizes and longer or structured exercise programs. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02303470.

Evaluation of the relationship between Angiopoietin like protein-3 levels and clinical, biochemical and hormonal parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

Evaluation of the relationship between Angiopoietin like protein-3 levels and clinical, biochemical and hormonal parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

Effect of Levocarnitine on Physical and Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women of reproductive age closely related to insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidaemia and long term diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The management of PCOS may be challenging on account of the comorbidities associated with the disease. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Levocarnitine supplementation on physical and biochemical parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted in the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January 2021 to December 2021. Total 78 diagnosed cases of PCOS were selected for medication and were included in this study. Eligible women who gave their informed consent were allocated into either Group A (Levocarnitine) or Group B (Placebo) on the basis of computer generated table. Group A received Levocarnitine and Group B received Placebo for 12 weeks. Then pretreatment and post treatment physical parameters including BMI, waist circumference and biochemical parameters including cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR were assessed. Results: Treatment with levocarnitine significantly reduced BMI (-6.00±0.00 vs -0.45±0.07) waist circumference (-4.88±2.85 vs -0.77±0.30) compared with the placebo. In Levocarnitine group, total cholesterol (-38.15±7.33 vs -0.79±27.00 mg/dl), serum triglycerides (-60.00±53.33 vs. -0.33±9.59 mg/d) and LDL (-23.49±1.81 vs. -0.41±0.07 mg/dl) were significantly reduced and HDL level was significantly increased (4.23±1.62 vs 0.41±0.49 mg/dl) compared with the placebo group. Moreover, compared with the placebo, levocarnitine led to a significant reduction of fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (-0.49±0.95 vs. 0.09± 0.29). Conclusion: In conclusion, levocarnitine administration led to an improvement in physical parameters including BMI, waist circumference as well as biochemical factors including cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL. Insulin resistance was significantly reduced in post treatment patients of Levocarnitine. In contrast, although physical and biochemical parameters improved in the placebo group, the change was not significant.

Comparing the Efficacy of Myo-Inositol Plus α-Lactalbumin vs. Myo-Inositol Alone on Reproductive and Metabolic Disturbances of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Despite the beneficial effect of myo-inositol on metabolic, hormonal, and reproductive parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, 28% to 38% could be resistant to this treatment. The combination with the milk protein α-lactalbumin can be a useful therapeutic approach to overcome inositol resistance and achieve ovulation in these women. This open-label prospective study aimed to compare the effects of supplementing myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin vs myo-inositol alone on reproductive and metabolic abnormalities in PCOS. A total of 50 anovulatory women with a PCOS diagnosis were randomly assigned to receive myo-inositol alone or a combination of myo-inositol and α-lactalbumin for three months. Anthropometric measures, hormonal levels, and menstrual cycle duration were collected at baseline and after treatment. The therapy with myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin improved both ovulation rate and menstrual cycle duration more than myo-inositol alone. The body weight was significantly reduced in women receiving myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin, while patients in the myo-inositol group experienced no change. In addition, the improvement of hyperandrogenism was more prominent in patients treated with myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin. The benefits of associating myo-inositol and α-lactalbumin clearly make this combination a true edge in the management of PCOS.

Abstract #1406834: Study of Methylation Status and Expression of Vitamin D Receptor Gene in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients of Kashmiri Population

Downregulation of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene expression resulting from epigenetics events, like methylation in promoter of VDR gene play an important role in pathogenesis, clinical and bio-chemical parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome, but the results from different studies are inconsistent. We aim to determine the methylation status of promoter of VDR gene and VDR gene expression analysis in addition to the co-relation between promoter methylation and expression profile of VDR genes in PCOS patients in Kashmiri Population. This study was a case control, comprising of 100 women with PCOS and 100 normal healthy control women aged between 15-45 years. PCOS patients were selected after proper diagnosis using Rotterdam criteria (2004) and obtaining written consent. DNA extraction was carried out by the non-enzymatic Salting out method and extracted DNA samples were subjected to bisulphite treatment using EZ DNA Methylation-Gold Kit (Zymo Research, Irvine, California) to produces a chemical conversion of unmethylated cytosine to uracil, which is detected as a thymine after PCR. Methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR) was performed following the bisulfite conversion, using pre-designed sets of methylated and unmethylated primers to confirm the prominence of methylation in the promoter VDR region and to specially acknowledge methylated and unmethylated VDR fragments. The VDR expression analysis was carried out following RNA extraction from the blood sample and processed ahead for cDNA synthesis using reverse transcriptase reaction and then relative expression analysis by RT-PCR using SYBR Green fluorescent dye. We found that vitamin D level among test group was significantly lower compared to controls (13.95±9.60 VS. 16.63±7.46; p=0.026). Methylation was significantly higher in test group compared to controls (84% vs 62%; p<0.0001) with OR of 3.21. Furthermore, there exists a significant difference between the average cyclic threshold (CT) value of VDR gene among test and control groups (24.64 vs. 26.14;p <0.0001). The average CT value corresponding to GAPDH (glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase) is 29.76 in test group and 32.11 in control group. The expression of VDR gene was 0.55 times down regulated in test group in comparison to controls. In the present study, we have comprehensively shown that VDR hypermethylation is significantly associated with reduced vitamin D level and decreased expression level of VDR gene among PCOS women. Increased VDR methylation in response to decreased vitamin D levels could be involved in the impairment of VDR mediated effects resulting in the peculiar clinical and bio-chemical derangements in patients of polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the enhanced ligand availability results in decreased receptor expression to maintain homeostasis of vitamin D signalling. Hence, this, inverse association could have a significant role in the altered gene expression of VDR and thereby effecting the cell response in PCOS patients.

Correlation between biochemical and clinical hyperandrogenism parameter in polycystic ovary syndrome in relation to age

BackgroundTo assess the correlation between clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to age.MethodsThis prospective study included 256 PCOS patients diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria in a university-based hospital. Androgen levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Hirsutism, acne, and alopecia were assessed using the modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mF-G) score, Comprehensive Acne Severity Scale (CASS), and the Ludwig scale, respectively. The correlation between biochemical and clinical hyperandrogenism parameters was assessed in younger and older women with PCOS.ResultsThe 256 PCOS patients were classified by age into two groups: age 18–29 years (n = 151) and age 30–40 years (n = 84). In women with PCOS, mF-G was significantly positively correlated with the free androgen index (FAI), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S). CASS had a significant positive correlation with DHEA. mF-G was positively correlated with FAI in those aged 18–29 years, but the correlations were not significant in those aged 30–40 years. The positive correlation between specific body regions of clinical hyperandrogenism, especially mF-G of chin, lower abdomen, and thighs, and testosterone, as well as with FAI, was highest in those aged 18–29 years. In those aged 30–40 years clinical hyperandrogenism was mainly affected by DHEA, DHEA-S, and dihydrotestosterone.ConclusionThe correlation between biochemical and clinical hyperandrogenism parameters varied with age in our East Asian population. Clinical hyperandrogenism was positively correlated with FAI in younger women with PCOS. The correlation between biochemical and clinical hyperandrogenism was not significant in older women with PCOS.

Expression of concern: "Comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled clinical trial".

Expression of concern: "Comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled clinical trial".

The effects of phthalate exposure on metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

Background-aimPhthalates are known as endocrine disrupting chemicals which are present in wide-range of products. The objective of the study was to investigate whether phthalate exposure may attribute to the metabolic syndrome development in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MethodThe cross-sectional study involved 60 women in reproductive age with confirmed PCOS. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were examined together with detected levels of ten phthalate metabolites measured by GC–MS in morning urine samples. ResultsIn this study at least one phthalate metabolite was detected in 51.7% of samples. Total phthalate metabolites urine concentrations were positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height-ratio (WtHR), leptin serum levels as well as lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI). Mono-methyl-phthalate (MMP) levels was significantly correlated with WtHR, LAP and VAI. Additionally, total phthalate metabolites levels were significantly linked with fasting plasma glucose and HOMA index, whereas MMP concentrations were associated with fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels. Total cholesterol (TC) level was statistically significantly higher among PCOS women with detected phthalate metabolites compared to those without phthalates. The sum of all phthalates was correlated with LDL and triglyceride levels as well as TC/HDL. MMP concentrations were linked positively with TC, LDL and triglyceride levels as well as with TC/HDL. It is noteworthy that MMP concentrations were positively associated with testosterone serum levels while the total phthalate metabolites concentrations were also linked but with moderate significance. ConclusionsThe increased phthalate metabolites concentrations may interfere with obesity, glucose and lipid impairment in PCOS women. Additionally, testosterone serum levels can be disrupted by MMP.

The relation of dermcidin with insulin resistance and inflammation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

SUMMARYOBJECTIVE:Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrinopathy among women of reproductive age. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and subclinical inflammation. Dermcidin, an antimicrobial peptide, involves in insulin resistance and inflammatory processes. Dermcidin suppresses the secretion of insulin production from the liver/pancreas and also increases insulin resistance. We aimed to discover whether dermcidin levels were altered in polycystic ovary syndrome women compared to controls and determine the link of dermcidin with hormonal-metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome women.METHODS:The current research was designed as a case-control study and Rotterdam 2003 criteria were used for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome. A total of 75 subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome and 75 age- and body mass index-matched subjects as controls were enrolled in the study. The insulin resistance state was determined using a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were assessed to define inflammation.RESULTS:Circulating dermcidin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dermcidin levels were significantly increased in polycystic ovary syndrome subjects compared to controls (172.53±42.41 ng/mL vs. 108.44±31.69 ng/mL, p<0.001). Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were markedly increased, whereas quantitative insulin sensitivity check index levels were notably decreased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to controls. Linear regression analysis revealed that dermcidin exhibited an independent link with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, whereas dermcidin displayed an inversely independent link with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index.CONCLUSION:Increased dermcidin levels were associated with insulin resistance and inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome women, suggesting that dermcidin may play a role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Is there a correlation between heart rate recovery and androgen parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome? Heart rate recovery in polycystic ovary syndrome

Objectives: In our preliminary study, we assessed heart rate recovery (HRR) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controls by subjecting them to moderate exercise and estimating androgen levels, and examined the correlation between HRR and androgen levels. Methods: 30 newly diagnosed cases of PCOS and 30 controls with comparable anthropometric measurements performed isotonic moderate exercise. Serum testosterone and DHEAS levels were measured. The HRR was calculated as the difference between the maximum heart rate and the 1st, 5th and 10th minute after the end of the exercise. Results: Heart rate recovery at 1 minute (p=0.001) and 5 minutes, (p=0.002) was significantly impaired in PCOS patients. Testosterone (p=0.100) and DHEAS (p=0.061) were elevated in PCOS patients compared to normal controls, although this was not statistically significant. A positive correlation was observed between HRR and androgen levels (testosterone: r=0.318; p=0.08, DHEAS: r=0.064; p=0.07). Conclusion: Decreased cardiovascular fitness and increased androgen levels have been observed in PCOS patients. Impaired HRR, reflecting sympathetic overactivity, has also been observed in newly diagnosed cases of PCOS. We therefore suggest that HRR is an accurate and sensitive marker to detect early signs of cardiovascular impairment and enables timely measures to avoid further morbidity.

Correlation of ovarian volume and clinical and laboratory parameters of PCOS in Korean patients

Background: The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation of ovarian volume and clinical and laboratory parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Korean women. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-three patients aged between 20 and 40 years with PCOS diagnosis between January 2014 and June 2020 at Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea, were included to this retrospective observational study using previously recorded patient medical charts. PCOS was diagnosed according to the revised 2003 Rotterdam criteria. Laboratory tests including anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, free and total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), HbA1C and insulin were conducted. Results: The correlation analysis showed that free testosterone (p = 0.006, r = 0.215), total testosterone (p &lt; 0.001, r = 0.305), 17-OHP (p = 0.008, r = 0.203) and height (p = 0.008, r = 0.173) were statistically correlated with the total ovarian volume in overall PCOS patients. In these patients, serum AMH level was positively correlated with LH but negatively with body weight and body mass index (BMI). Conclusions: According to the results, the ovarian volume, quantified by ultrasonographic measurements, was significantly related to the increasing serum levels of free testosterone, total testosterone and 17-OHP in Korean PCOS patients.

Effect of Curcumin on Glycaemic and Lipid Parameters in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition that affects women of reproductive age. It is associated with menstrual disturbances, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. In addition to this, it results in altered anthropometric parameters, insulin resistance, and subsequently untoward cardio-metabolic sequelae. Therapeutic approaches that target weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity are used to address the metabolic complications in PCOS. Curcumin is a phytochemical which exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, and therefore, its use in PCOS has been a subject of substantial interest and research. The aim of this study was tosynthesize the existing evidence on the effects of curcumin on glycaemic and lipid parameters in PCOS. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials databases from inception to June 07, 2021. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) presenting sufficient data on glycemic and lipid parameters in patients with PCOS at baseline and the end of the follow-up period in each group were included. Meta-analysis of five RCTs showed a significant reduction on fasting glucose (WMD: - 3.68mg/dL, 95% CI: - 5.11, - 2.25, p < 0.00001, I2 = 18%), insulin levels (WMD: - 1.72 µUI/mL, 95% CI: - 2.53, -0.92, p < 0001, I2 = 41%), and HOMA-IR index (WMD: - 0.94, 95% CI: - 1.73, - 0.16, p = 0.02, I2 = 90%) after curcumin therapy. None of the lipid indices were significantly altered by curcumin. Curcumin administration in PCOS resulted in significant improvement in glycaemic parameters; however, no significant changes were seen in lipid parameters with its use.

Obesity Parameters in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Duhok City

Background: PCOS is linked to obesity, increased risk of metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular adverse manifestations. About 30-75% of women with PCOS are obese. Aim of the study: This study aimed to estimate the obesity parameters in PCOS and compare these results to women without PCOS. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the BMI and Waist/Hip ratio of 150 women with established PCOS according to the diagnostic criteria were compared to 100 age-matched healthy women. Results: 95 patients and 50 of the comparison group were obese. The difference in the mean of BMI in PCOS patients and the comparison group was statistically highly significant (P &lt; 0.001). The Waist/Hip ratio was above 0.85 in 91 patients and 73 healthy individuals and statistically, the difference was not significant when a cut-off point of 0.85 is considered (P &gt; 0.05 unpaired T-test). Conclusions: BMI was found to be a more sensitive parameter than Waist/Hip ratio, in the determination of obesity-associated with PCO.

DLK1 and Nesfatin-1 levels and the relationship with metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: Prospective, controlled study

Objective:Delta-like 1 (DLK1) is known to inhibit adipocyte differentiation and nesfatin-1 is a neuropeptide that plays a role in the regulation of nutrition and metabolism. We aimed to assess both the levels of DLK1 and nesfatin-1 in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and determine the association of DLK1 and nesfatin-1 with metabolic parameters.Materials and Methods:Forty-four patients with PCOS and 40 healthy women as the control group were included in this study. Venous blood samples of the participants were collected, and hormonal, metabolic parameters, DLK1 and nesfatin-1 blood levels were determined. Anthropometric parameters were also determined. For a double comparison, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-parametric numerical data, and Student’s t-test was used for parametric numerical data. Bivariate correlations were investigated using Spearman’s correlation analysis. The diagnostic performance of the parameters was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results:The findings showed that DLK1 and nesfatin-1 levels were lower among the PCOS group, and the differences in these values were found to be statistically significant. A significant negative correlation was found between DLK1 levels and body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio, visceral adiposity index (VAI), fasting serum insulin (FSI), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and triglyceride levels. A significant negative correlation was found between nesfatin-1 levels and BMI, VAI, FSI, HOMA-IR and triglyceride.Conclusion:The findings showed that DLK1 and nesfatin-1 levels were lower in PCOS. Based on this study, DLK1 may be culpable for metabolic disorders in PCOS and can be a novel marker for PCOS in the future.

A comparison between the effect of trans-anethole and metformin on biochemical parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome in rats.

Objective:The effect of trans-anethole and metformin on biochemical and hormonal changes of testosterone-induced Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats was investigated.Materials and Methods:Female Wister rats (n=48) were randomly divided into six groups: control; PCOS; PCOS+metformin (300 mg/kg); and PCOS+trans-anethole (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg). PCOS was induced by intraperitoneal injection of testosterone (1 mg/kg/day) for 35 days. After induction of PCOS, trans-anethole and metformin were given orally for 30 days. Finally, blood sugar, insulin, lipid profile, and testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) as well as animals’ weight, and water and food intake were determined.Results:In all treated and untreated PCOS groups, serum testosterone levels were significantly increased compared to the control group (p<0.001 for all groups). Treatment of rats with trans-anethole or metformin significantly reduced serum levels of cholesterol, insulin, triglycerides, testosterone and DHEAS (only in PCOS+trans-anethole groups) compared to the PCOS group (p<0.01-p<0.001). Weight gain in the PCOS animals increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.001), while in the metformin- and trans-anethole (40 and 80)-treated animals it decreased significantly compared to the PCOS group (p<0.01-p<0.001).Conclusion:These results showed that trans-anethole significantly decreased serum levels of insulin, DHEAS and blood lipids. It can be concluded that trans-anethole ameliorates PCOS biochemical and hormonal change in PCOS rats; therefore, it might be suggested as a beneficial remedy for further clinical evaluations in PCOS patients.

Beneficial health effects of Menaquinone-7 on body composition, glycemic indices, lipid profile, and endocrine markers in polycystic ovary syndrome patients.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oral vitamin K2 (Menaquinone‐7 [MK‐7]) on clinical and biochemical parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients.MethodsIn this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, 84 PCOS patients were randomly assigned into the treatment (90 µg Menaquinone‐7 daily for 8 weeks) and placebo groups. Insulin resistance, lipid profile, endocrine biomarkers, and body composition of the participants were measured before and after the intervention. This study was performed in Ghadir Mother & Child Hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.ResultsMenaquinone‐7 supplementation, when compared to placebo, significantly decreased serum fasting insulin (p = .002), homeostasis model of assessment insulin resistance (p = .002), and homeostasis model of assessment β‐cell function (p = .02) in addition to a significant increase in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (p = .001). Also, MK‐7 administration led to significant declines in serum triglyceride (p = .003) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT; p = .03) levels, free androgen index (p < .001), waist circumference (p = .03), and body fat mass (p < .001) as well as significant increases in skeletal muscle (p < .001) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG, p < .001).ConclusionsThis study highlights the beneficial effects of MK‐7 on insulin resistance, fat mass, skeletal muscle, and serum levels of triglyceride, DHT, and SHBG in PCOS patients. Therefore, it seems that MK‐7 supplementation might be an appropriate additive treatment for PCOS patients.

Impact of Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Reproductive and Metabolic Parameters in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome – A Cross-sectional Study from Bangladesh

Separately, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) exert adverse effects on several reproductive and metabolic parameters; however, in conjunction, their effects are unclear. This study evaluated the impact of SCH on reproductive and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. In this cross-sectional study, women with newly diagnosed PCOS were evaluated. Data on their clinical presentation and anthropometric measurements were recorded, in addition to oral glucose tolerance test, fasting lipid profile, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO). Four hundred and sixty-five women, aged 12-40 years, with PCOS were included in this study; 10.8% of them had SCH and 18.3% were positive for anti-TPO. All participants had statistically similar mean age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (BP) and diastolic BP. A similar number of participants in both the euthyroid PCOS and PCOS-SCH groups had menstrual irregularity, acne, subfertility, a first-degree family member with thyroid dysfunction, acanthosis nigricans and elevated BP. Participants with SCH-PCOS had a lower modified Ferriman-Gallwey score and hirsutism frequency, though serum total testosterone levels were similar in the two groups. More subjects in the SCH group were overweight/obese, and had central obesity and goiter compared to the euthyroid group. Blood glucose, lipids and prolactin levels were similar between the two groups; the frequencies of dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia were also similar. A higher frequency of metabolic syndrome was observed in the SCH group, though the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.098). In women with PCOS, the presence of SCH does not amplify the risk of metabolic and reproductive dysfunctions.

Concomitant hypothyroidism does not impact ovarian reserve parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

Concomitant hypothyroidism does not impact ovarian reserve parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

Anti-mullerian hormone as a biomarker of metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

Anti-mullerian hormone as a biomarker of metabolic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome