Paper Chromatographic Behavior Research Articles

THE INFLUENCE OF LIPID ON THE PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOUR OF SYMPATHOMIMETIC CATECHOLAMINES IN PLASMA EXTRACTS.

Abstract Inconsistent results have been obtained during the separation and estimation of catecholamines in extracts of rabbit plasma and the cause traced to displacements of Rr values by lipid. An extraction technique which overcomes this is described. The possibility of misinterpretation of results after chromatographic separation on paper of the catecholamines from biological extracts is discussed.

Some factors involved in multiple spot formation in the paper chromatography of sympathomimetic amines in the presence of acids.

Abstract The paper chromatographic behaviour of a variety of amines both alone and in the presence of acids in acidic, neutral and basic running solvents is reported. Using a n-butanol: acetic acid: water solvent, multiple spot formation by several pure sympathomimetic amines was observed in the presence of the stronger organic acids. Many weaker acids affected the amines in a neutral solvent. The results emphasise the need for correct controls and the cautious interpretation of chromatograms of biological extracts since the number of spots produced is not necessarily indicative of the number of bases present.

Separation of Certain Organic Pollutants Containing Tertiary Nitrogen on Stannic Molybdosiucate Papers

Abstract Paper chromatographic behaviour of some pesticides and toxicants has been studied using impregnated papers in various organic and inorganic solvents. Several binary and ternary separations have been achieved which were not possible on plain papers. Method developed can be successfully applied for certain isomeric differentiation. The minimum detection limit was found to be 25 to 50 mole of the test substance.

Paper Chromatographic Behavior of Some Tertiary Amine Pollutants and an Attempt at Structure-Activity-Correlation

Abstract Ascending paper chromatography of some pesticides and toxicants containing a tertiary amino group has been performed to record their mobilities in acidic, basic and saline waters and some common organic solvents, Several binary separations of these pollutants have been achieved. The important separations are summarized below: Amitrole from azobenzene, bavistin, calixin, 2,4-Lutidine, 2,6-Lutidine, N-ethylmorpholine, β-picoline, γ-picoline and quinoline; Azobenzene from bavistin, calixin, 2,4-Lutidine, 2,6-Lutidine, β-picoline, γ-picoline, pyridine and quinoline; Bavistin from 2,4-Lutidine, 2,6-Lutidine, β-picoline, γ-picoline and quinoline; and Quinoline from 2,4-Lutidine, 2,6-Lutidine, β-picoline, γ-picoline and N-ethylmorpholine from binary mixtures. An attempt at structure-activity-correlation reveals that the physical forces responsible for both the chromatographic behaviour as well as the toxicity are almost identical and the most important common physical interaction seems to be the hydroge...

Paper chromatographic behavior of tetranitronitrosylruthenate and its decomposition products.

The paper chromatographic behavior of tetranitronitrosylruthenate was examined together with its decomposition products. First, Rf values at various eluting conditions were studied with five kinds of papers, since there was a discrepancy among the reported Rf values. Usually Rf of 0.9 was obtained by the recommended procedure of Wain, et al. Second, stability of the tetranitronitrosylruthenate in water was followed by paper chromatography. No change was found until 200 days passed. Third, the tetranitronitrosylruthenate was warmed in acid, and its decomposition products were studied through the paper chromatography. The paper chromatographic behavior showed that the sample kept in water more than 200 days seemed to contain a dinitro complex, and the sample warmed in acid seemed to be decomposed to a mononitro complex or further.

The paper chromatographic behaviour of reactor-produced18F

After aqueous dissolution of neutron-irradiated Li2 CO3 more than 99% of the formed18F is present as fluoride18F, as shown by paper chromatography. The interference of Li* has to be recognized.

Paper chromatographic behaviour of α-DNP-lysine in comparison with other DNO-amino acids

Paper chromatographic behaviour of α-DNP-lysine in comparison with other DNO-amino acids

Paper chromatographic behaviour of alkali metal ions in phenol-containing solvents

The chromatographic behaviour of all alkali metal ions in phenol saturated with 2M hydrochloric acid has been examined by centrifugal and ascending chromatography. Separation with centrifugal development is about one hundred times more rapid than that obtained by the ascending technique. The shortest separation time achieved in these studies, six minutes, shows that centrifugal chromatography promises to be a useful rapid technique for the separation of short-lived fracium isotopes from a mixture of other alkali metals and for the routine analysis of alkali metals. The different degree of solvation of the cations by phenol, depending upon ionic size, is considered to be mainly responsible for the observed selective distribution of the alkali metal ions on the chromatogram.

Study of solvent-solvent interaction by paper chromatography. I. Dimethyl sulphoxide-water system

The interaction between dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and water, occurring when the two liquids are mixed together, has been studied: 1. by the measurement of the rate of migration of the different solvent mixtures, over the whole concentration range, on paper chromatograms, and 2. by observing the paper chromatographic behaviour of hexacyanoferrate II anions when these mixtures are used as mobile phases. The rate of migration gives a very pronounced maximum at the solvent concentration which corresponds to the composition DMSO·H2O. The chromatographic behaviour of the hexacyanoferrate II ion besides confirming this conclusion shows the existence of three distinct zones of differing solvent structure and solvating behaviour.

Zum papierchromatographischen verhalten von homologen linearpolymeren : Die isomaltose-, maltose-, und cellobiose-reihe und ihre 1-( m-substituierten phenyl)-flavazole

Paper chromatographic behaviour of homologous linear polymers. The isomaltodextrin, maltodextrin, and cellodextrin series and their 1-(m-substituted) phenyl)-flavazoles The R F values of saccharides of the isomaltodextrin series (α-1,6-binding), maltodextrin series (α-1,4-binding), and cellodextrin series (β-1,4-binding), and the corresponding 1-( m-nitrophenyl)-flavazole-, 1-( m-aminophenyl)-flavazole-, and 1-( m-hydroxyphenyl)-flavazole derivatives were estimated under various conditions. It can be seen from the figures, that in all cases the R M values calculated from these data show a linear dependence upon the degree of polymerization of the saccharides, or of the sugar residues of flavazole derivatives, respectively. The individual and average Δ R M values for the glucose units of each saccharide series and flavazole derivative series were estimated.

The Accumulation of 5'-Phosphoribosyl-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide in Folate-deficient Pea Seedlings and the Enzymatic Reaction in which the Compound is Involved

A compound, non-acetylatable and diazotizable Bratton-Marshall’s reaction-positive compound, was accumulated in pea seedlings in a “folate-deficient” state induced by soaking the seeds in 2×10−3m sulfonamide, 5-methyl-3-sulfanilamide isoxazole. The compound was isolated and characterized as 5′-phosphoribosyl-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide (AICA-ribotide), known as an intermediate compound in the de novo biosynthesis of inosinic acid in animals and microorganisms. Characterization was based on its paper chromatographic behavior, ultraviolet absorption spectra, infrared absorption spectrum, and the molar ratio of its constituents.Using the isolated AICA-ribotide as substrate, AICA-ribotide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.3) was found in extracts of pea seedlings. The enzyme was purified about 40-fold and some of its properties were investigated. Optimum pH was 7.4, and optimum temperature was 37°C. In the enzyme reaction, AICA-ribotide and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate were specifically required as substrates with ...

Effect of Manganese(II) ion on Paper Chromatography of Condensed Phosphates of Short Chain Lengthst

Paper chromatographic behavior of manganese in the solutions of condensed phosphates of short chain lengths has been studied in order to identify the form of soluble manganese.. Three series of sodium phosphate solutions, ortho-, pyro-, tripoly-, containing manganese ion were prepared as sample solutions. The developed paper chromatogram was devided vertically in two, one half being used to revelate manganese by para-formaldehyde method and an other being used to revelate phosphate by heteropoly blue method. The positions of both revelation zones are important in connection with their chemical forms.In the case of tripolyphosphate solutions containing manganese, a revelation zone of unknown phosphate appeared closely under the regular zone of tripolyphosphate and a zone of unknown manganese also appeared in the distant level from that of manganese (II) ion. From the fact that both unknown zones were developed in the same level on filter paper, the form of soluble manganese was estimated as a large complex ion coordinated tripolyphosphate. The complex ion was considerably stable in the solution of mole ratio (Mn2+P205) below 0.6 and its formula was estimated as [MnP3010]3- from Mn and P2O5 determinations of unknown revelation zones.The manganese (II) ion was unstable in pyro- and orthophosphate solutions and manganese salts precipitated. However, the slightly soluted manganese was identified as a complex coordinated pyrophosphate in the pyrophosphate solution and as a simple ion of manganese (II) in the orthophosphate solution by the use of paper chromatography.

Metabolism of chlorphenamidine in larvae of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus.

Larval ticks were immersed in aqueous preparations of chlorphenamidine labelled with 14C in the 2-methyl position. The chemical penetrated rapidly and produced no mortality of larvae, but a quick knockdown from which at low concentrations they appeared to recover quickly. Metabolism of chlorphenamidine was relatively slow compared with that of organophosphorus acaricides in the same strain of larvae. Major metabolites, identified by paper chromatographic and countercurrent distribution behaviour, and by ultraviolet spectra, were N-formyl- 4-chloro-o-toluidine, 4-chloro-o-toluidine, and a conjugated phenolic derivative. This sequence appeared to be the metabolic route. The evidence suggested that chlorphenamidine itself was the active toxicant.

Metabolism of 4(5)-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-5(4)-carboxamide to 4(5)-aminoimidazole-5(4)-carboxamide in man

Administration of4(5)-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-5(4)-carboxamide (DIC), a structural analogue of 4(5)-aminoimidazole-5(4)-carboxamide (AIC), i.V. or P.O., to patients with cancer was followed by increased urinary AIC excretion. After a single i.v. administration of 4.5 mg/kg of DIC, AIC excretion in the 24-hr period after DIC administration was 20 per cent of the dose of DIC given. When the same dose was given p.o., about 16.5 per cent of the dose of DIC was excreted as AIC within 24 hr. One patient given DIC p.o. at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg every 6 hr for four consecutive doses excreted about 13.6 per cent of each dose as AIC in each 6-hr period. Two patients were given DIC-2- 14C p.o. Ion-exchange chromatography of plasma samples resulted in the detection of a peak of radioactivity in the column eluate fraction containing AIC. After ion-exchange chromatography of urine samples, 20.9 and 8.7 per cent, respectively, of the radioactivity appeared in the AIC fractions. 14C-AIC was isolated from urine and characterized by paper-chromatographic behavior, ultraviolet fluorescence and color reaction after diazotization and coupling identical to that of authentic AIC, and was recrystallized to constant specific activity. The specific activity of the urinary 14C-AIC from one patent was 78 per cent of that of the DIC-2- 14C given. These data suggest that in man most of the increased urinary AIC excretion observed after DIC administration is the direct result of metabolism of DIC. The mechanism(s) of action of DIC as an antitumor agent in man is unknown.

Synthesis of 2-amino-2-deoxy- d-mannuronic acid and some derivatives thereof

2-Amino-2-deoxy- d-mannose hydrochloride was converted into the N-benzyl-oxycarbonyl derivative ( 2) by treatment with benzyl chloroformate in ethanol-water at pH 7.0. Benzyl 2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-deoxy-α- d-mannoside, obtained from 2 by treatment with benzyl alcohol containing 2% of hydrogen chloride, was oxidized with oxygen in the presence of a platinum catalyst to benzyl 2-(benzyl-oxycarbonyl)amino-2-deoxy-α- d-mannopyranosiduronic acid ( 4). Periodate oxidation showed that 4 had a pyranoid structure. Hydrogenolysis of the uronic acid 4 in the presence of a palladium-carbon catalyst gave 2-amino-2-deoxy- d-mannuronic acid ( 5), which differed from its 2-epimer (2-amino-2-deoxy- d-glucuronic acid) in its optical rotation, and paper chromatographic and electrophoretic behavior.

Permeability-increasing activity in hereditary angioneurotic edema plasma. II. Mechanism of formation and partial characterization.

Plasma from persons with hereditary angioneurotic edema readily developed the capacity to increase vascular permeability and to induce the isolated rat uterus to contract. Both activities resided in a small, heat-stable molecule that was apparently a polypeptide. Crude preparations of the polypeptide were inactivated during incubation with trypsin. They also failed to produce pain and erythema, but caused markedly increased vascular permeability in human skin. These characteristics differ from those of bradykinin, from which crude preparations of the polypeptide could also be distinguished by electrophoretic mobility and paper chromatographic behavior. Proof that the polypeptide is truly different from bradykinin must await its further purification. Histamine played no role in the activities observed. Although the enzymes functioning to release the permeability factor and kinin activities in hereditary angioneurotic edema plasma were not clearly defined, one or more plasma enzymes other than C'1 esterase presumably participated either in conjunction with C'1 esterase or in pari passu events to release the polypeptide mediating these activities.

Zur papierchromatographischen trennung der platin-metalle unter besonderer berücksichtigung des osmiums : 2. Teil. Mischsysteme und salze als fliessmittel

The paper chromatographic separation of platinum metals with special reference to osmium. Part II. Mixed systems and salts as solvents The paper chromatographic behaviour of the platinum metals has been examined by using various mixed systems, hydrochloric acid and solutions of inorganic salts as solvents. The gap in the paper chromatographic data concerning osmium was closed. A saturated sodium chloride solution proved to be specially suitable for the separation of platinum metals. The sequence of separation is: Ir 3+ = Rh > Ru > Pd > Pt > Os.

Zur papierchromatographischen trennung der platinmetalle unter besonderer berücksichtigung des osmiums : 1. Teil. alkohole, ketone und äther als fliessmittel

Paper chromatographic separation of platinum metals with special reference to osmium Part I. Alcohols, ketones and ethers as solvents The paper chromatographic behaviour of osmium in known compounds has been examined using alcohols, ethers and ketones as solvents. The R F values obtained when using different solvent mixtures have been compared with those obtained for other platinum metals. A relationship was observed between the R F values and the distribution coefficients a of the chloro- and bromo-osmium complexes.

The synthesis and chromatographic behavior of D-mannitol-1-14C-1-PO4, D-mannitol-1-32PO4 and32PPA

In the course of an investigation dealing with the utilization of D-mannitol and inorganic phosphate by Absidia glauca it was found necessary to confirm the existence and establish the identity of the 1-Phosphate ester of this polyol. This paper describes the synthesis of radioactive mannitol-1-phosphate labeled with carbon-14 and phosphorus-32 by a modification of the procedure of Seegmiller and Horecker (1951) for the synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate. In addition we document the paper and gel chromatographic behavior on Sephadex G-15 of the products and 32PPA prepared by the method of Bell (1948) for the synthesis of polyphosphoric acid.

Paper chromatographic behaviour of cis and trans isomers of copper bis(glycinate)

Paper chromatographic behaviour of cis and trans isomers of copper bis(glycinate)