Panglima Laot Research Articles

Supervision of Panglima Laot Lhok in Preventing Illegal Fishing

The Laot Customary Law Institution, led by a Panglima Laot, is a traditional institution that regulates the use and management of coastal and marine resources. This institution is responsible for implementing and supervising customary rules in the maritime sector which have been established and decided through customary deliberations of the sea handlers living in the area. The Aceh Sea area has many natural marine resources, both biological and non-natural, which makes it prone to illegal fishing. In addition, the Panglima Laot regulations state that fishermen are prohibited from bombing, poisoning, anesthetizing, electrifying, harvesting coral reefs, and other actions that could damage habitats and other biota. This research aims to analyze and study in depth the supervision of Panglima Laot Lhok in preventing illegal fishing. Primary and secondary data are the data sources used in the descriptive qualitative method. The research uses data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. Based on the results of research and findings in the field, the conclusion is that Panglima Laot Lhok always carries out supervision in preventing illegal fishing, either directly by Panglima Laot Lhok or by coordinating with fishermen who are at sea, however, the very large sea factor means that supervision does not occur properly and thoroughly, and sometimes illegal fishing occurs. Keywords: supervision, panglima laot lhok, illegal fishing

Analisis Hadis dalam Khanduri Laot pada Masyarakat pesisir Aceh Tamiang

The Khaduri Laot tradition is a traditional ceremony that must be carried out by the coastal communities of Aceh Tamiang, especially at the end of the west season or before the east season. This tradition has been carried out routinely by every village under the Panglima Laot area. For the local fishing community, Khaduri Laot reflects the relationship between humans, their creator, and the surrounding environment. This ceremony is believed to have a major influence on the safety of fishermen and the blessings of marine products. Khaduri Laot is considered a cultural tradition that must be maintained and preserved. Local people's beliefs state that not carrying out this ceremony can bring disaster or danger. On the contrary, the Khaduri Laot celebration is believed to bring blessings and abundant sustenance to fishermen and coastal communities. In addition, this ritual is also believed to provide protection and security for fishermen who sail at sea. This tradition not only has a spiritual dimension, but also a cultural one in maintaining harmony between humans and nature.

The Existence of Customary Law in Managing Fishery Resources in Indonesia

The diversity of cultures and customary laws in Indonesia is reflected in the management of fisheries resources. This article explores various customary laws that are still valid in several regions in Indonesia, such as Sasi customary law in Maluku, Laot customary law and the Panglima laot institution in Aceh, Awig-awig customary law in Lombok, Masa ombo customary law in Central Sulawesi, customary law Lubuk ban in Jambi, Lilifuk customary law in NTT, and the Bapongka cultural system in the Bajo tribe. Through descriptive and qualitative research, this article highlights the implementation, changes and challenges faced by customary law in the face of modernization and globalization. It was found that this customary law not only functions to manage fisheries resources sustainably, but also plays an important role in maintaining local wisdom, traditional values, and the welfare of local communities. This research emphasizes the importance of understanding and respecting customary law in efforts to preserve natural resources and local culture in Indonesia.

Eksistensi Adat Kenduri Laot pada Masyarakat Nelayan di Aceh Bagian Timur

The existence of kenduri laot in fishing communities in East Aceh Regency as an implementation of laot customs and customary law. Kenduri laot is a traditional ceremony with the concept of friendship based on Islamic law. Kenduri laot is held every year. Kenduri laot is a ceremony before the east or west season ends. However, the current implementation of the kenduri laot in East Aceh Regency is uncertain and has been neglected. So it is carried out every year or every three years or the time is uncertain. The Lhok Panglima Laot who is in charge of implementing, maintaining and supervising the implementation of Laot customs and customary law only provides customary sanctions of warning and advice regarding the laot kenduri to be implemented every year. The obstacle to implementing the kenduri laot is that the fishing community deliberately ignores and puts aside the kenduri laot. Efforts made are to hold deliberations between the District/Lhok Panglima Laot and the fishing community to discuss and preserve the local wisdom of implementing the kenduri laot every year. Then determine sanctions for those who violate the prohibition from going to sea for several days and/or confiscation of fishing catches

Panglima Laot dan Kontribusinya dalam Penegakan Hukum Adat di Perairan Aceh

Panglima Laot has been felt in Aceh since the era of Sultan Iskandar Muda and is still known today. Panglima Laot is not part of the Aceh government but is recognized as Aceh's cultural heritage. Later, Panglima Laot was also regulated in the Aceh Qanun as the living law in Aceh. Culturally, it can be said that the Marine Commander is the leader of the fishermen in Aceh, whose job is to coordinate the fishermen, maintain maritime security according to their respective territories, and conserve Aceh's marine environment. This article examines the existence of Panglima Laot in Aceh in this contemporary era. With an emphasis on their role in upholding customary law in Aceh waters. The data was obtained through field research in Aceh and library data studies. The findings from this study are that Panglima Laot in Aceh still exists and plays a significant role in upholding customary law in Aceh waters. Coexist in harmony with national law and other legal systems that live in Aceh.

Panglima Laot: Safeguarding Indonesia's West Coastal Marine Resources through Local Wisdom in Aceh, Indonesia

Sea is an ecosystem that contains biota and abiotic that are interdependent on one another. Marine resources have many possible uses, so protecting them from environmental damage is extremely important. In addition to needing protection, most coastal residents rely on marine resources for survival, so it is essential to make various efforts to prevent their degradation. In this context, the role of government and society is needed to protect and preserve it. Several regions in Indonesia still prioritize local wisdom in protecting marine ecosystems, especially coastal areas. This research examines the Panglima Laot as the guardian of coastal natural resources in Aceh; this province is located at the western tip of Indonesia. A traditional institution known as Panglima Laot exists among Acehnese people, particularly among those who live along the shore because they play a key part in reducing environmental deterioration and enhancing the conditions for fishermen. The coastal community of Acehnese is participating in the preservation of marine habitats by maintaining Panglima Laot. The locals think that conserving ancestors' cultural legacy involves caring for nature and acting responsibly. The strategy employed in this qualitative study for data collecting is ethnography and literature review. According to the reality on the ground, Panglima Laot continues to have legitimacy from the locals, which means Aceh's maritime ecosystem is still maintained. The next generation must be educated to preserve cultural tradition.

TULAK PALONG TRADITION IN LAYEUN COMMUNITY, ACEH BESAR

This study aims to examine the symbolic meaning of the tulak palong tradition among the people of Layeun-Aceh Besar. Palong is a type of traditional boat used by fishermen on the coast of Aceh Besar. This study uses a qualitative approach in which data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants in this study were panglima laot, fishermen, and the local community. The results of the study show that the tulak palong tradition has been practiced in this area since 1970. The tulak (refusal) process is only carried out the first time when the palong is about to sail, and then the palong will continue to be at sea until it needs to be renovated, usually in 2 to 5 years. In the implementation of tulak palong, there are social values, including mutual cooperation and caring for others. In addition to social values, in the process of practicing tulak palong, there are also symbolic meanings such as beauty in decorating the palong, brotherhood among the community.

Conservation of thresher shark (Family: Alopiidae) in South‐west Aceh

Conservation of thresher shark (Family: Alopiidae) in South‐west Aceh

OPTIMIZING PANGLIMA LAOT IN MARITIME DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN LHOKSEUMAWE CITY

The existence of Panglima Laot in Aceh apart from being a social leader of the customary community legal alliance, is also an Alternative Dispute Resolution (APS) institution. The juridical basis of its position is contained in Law No. 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh, its implementing regulations are in the form of Aceh Qanuns such as Aceh Qanun No. 9 of 2008 concerning the Guidance of Customary Life and Customs, and Aceh Qanun No. 10 of 2008 concerning Customary Institutions . Based on the description on the background above, in this legal research it can be formulated how the position of Panglima Laot as a marine dispute resolution institution in the legal system in Indonesia and whether Panglima Laot is optimal as an institution in maritime dispute resolution in Lhokseumawe City . This research is an empirical legal research with a qualitative approach that uses primary data and secondary data. In obtaining primary data, respondents and informants were determined. The new positive law will have an effective force if it contains, or is in harmony with the laws that live in society. The focal point of legal development is not in laws, judge decisions, or legal science, but in society itself.

The Existence of Panglima Laot and Its Function as the Form of Local Wisdom: A Case Study of Meureubo District in Aceh Province, Indonesia

Indonesia expressly recognises and respects indigenous and tribal peoples' unity, as well as their traditional rights, for as long as they are alive and follow the development of the community and the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, as stipulated in the Act. Adat Laot law in Aceh is one of the local wisdom that still exists in regulating the interrelationships in the process of managing marine areas and the various resources within them. In the adat laot law enforcement process, there is the Panglima laot institution, which is an adat institution that has the authority to carry out adat laot regulations and settle disputes related to adat laot law. The existence of this institution is regulated in Law Number 11 of 2006 concerning Aceh Government article 98-99 and 164 paragraph (2) letter e. This study concludes that carrying out the duties, authority, and responsibilities of the Panglima Laot Adat Institution, it has not yet been effective as expected by the law, in addition to the institutional structure, the role of the Panglima Laot institution is also unclear, especially issues related to fishermen. Therefore, it is recommended to the Regional Government of West Aceh Regency to revive and foster the existence of the Role of the Panglima Laot Adat Institution, related to the authority, functions and responsibilities by the mandate of legislation.

CUSTOMARY APPROACH AND RULE OF LAW BY PANGLIMA LAOT IN RESOLVING FISHERMEN'S DISPUTE IN ACEH

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of Panglima Laot's institution authority in the maritim area to resolve sea disputes and to find an ideal dispute resolution model to be used. This research uses qualitative method by sociological juridical approach in the form of descriptive analytical. The Panglima laot's authority in an effort to assist the government in resolving maritime disputes is a formal authority granted by a law which is attributively regulated in Article 28 of Qanun Aceh Number 10 of 2008 concerning Customary Institutions. However, when dealing with certain cases between fishermen where the regulation is not very clear in the Qanun, Panglima Laot seeks to resolve cases by using traditional approaches, religious values, propriety, a sense of justice and human conscience. Therefore, Panglima Laot needs detailed and written instructions for carrying out tasks in the form of Government Regulations or Qanuns. Including dealing with refugees who come from abroad.

THE LEGACY OF SPICE ROUTE

Panglima Laot is a cultural institution that has existed for a long time in Aceh. Starting in the 17th century, Panglima Laot consistently made an essential contribution to the coastal communities of Aceh, especially in preserving the marine environment by implementing and enforcing Adat Laot. While most research only discussed Panglima Laot's contribution to Aceh’s marine environment with its unique customary law, this research aspires to explore the role of Panglima Laot in the context of maritime security in Aceh. By utilising the maritime security matrix from Bueger, this study found that Panglima Laot contributed to realising four critical elements of maritime security: human security, marine environment, economic development, and national security. The contribution was obtained from the effective cooperation carried out by maritime security stakeholders in Aceh with Panglima Laot. These maritime security stakeholders are Aceh Regional Police, the Department of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of Aceh Province, and the Indonesian Navy.

URGENSI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DIKALANGAN NELAYAN PESISIR ACEH

As the province with the most Muslim population in Indonesia and with the Aceh special law in carrying out Islamic law, of course, religious education becomes its necessity in the view of the Acehnese people, including the fishing community. This study aims to look at the urgency of religious education for children among Aceh's coastal fishing communities and access to religious education institutions in the village as well as the factors of children's education. This study uses a qualitative research approach with descriptive data exposure, the study was conducted in villages inhabited by fishermen scattered throughout the coastal areas of Aceh, while the informants were fishing communities, village heads and apparatus where fishermen live, panglima laot, and people who could provide information with the required data. While data collection is done by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the Acehnese fishing communities prioritized the religious education of their children, the maximum availability of religious educational institutions in the village, then several obstacles hindered the education of fishermen's children, such as economic factors, the distance to formal schools was too far, motivation to go to school, and involved in making a living with their parents

Social, economic and institutional study of purse seine fisheries based on the ecosystem approach in the Fishing Port of Kutaraja, Banda Aceh

Purse seine is the most dominant fishing gear used by fishermen at the Fishing Port of Kutaraja. It affects increasing the number of fishing fleets and fishing efforts per year. The increase is considered to have a negative impact on fishers because it can trigger competition and conflict between fishers, violate the law, and even affect fishermen's income. This study aims to assess the status and formulate fisheries management actions regarding social, economic, and institutional aspects of fishing based on purse seines in the Fishing Port of Kutaraja. This research was conducted in 2018, and data were collected through a survey method by conducting in-depth interviews with several respondents and analyzed using the Flag Modelling technique. The results showed the composite value of the social domain was 91.66% in a ‘very good’ category, the economic domain was 33.33% in ‘poor’ condition, and the institutional domain was 67.66% in a ‘good’ shape. These results indicate that economic management actions need to be better pursued so that purse seine fisheries remain sustainable in accordance with social, economic, and institutional conditions by; (1) implement a profit-sharing system in accordance with applicable regulations; (2) strengthening good cooperation between stakeholders; (3) open dissemination of the importance of Panglima Laot customary rules; (4) improve supervision and law enforcement; (5) increase the synergy of regulations, institutions and stakeholder capacities.

Conservation impact from Lamteungoh fishing village: lesson learned from Aceh coastal area

Indonesia is an archipelago nation with most of its big cities lays on or adjacent to the coastal area. Thus, driving huge demand for marine and fisheries resources in the concerning region. However, with a long coastline, the rural areas or coastal villages are distributed along the coast surrounding the archipelago, therefore it is reasonable to consider the impact being given by the coastal village on its effort toward conservation. In this study, we applied the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS), which is a recently developed technique to quickly assess the fisheries management system, which is time-efficient, was cost-effective and was gathered from coastal community and stakeholders. In this study, the study area is located at Lamteungoh village in the coastal area of Peukan Bada subdistrict, Aceh Province. This village is known for its pristine coastal and marine ecological condition compare to the other region. The result shows that the traditional fishermen institution called the Panglima Laot has a significant role in the region’s conservation actions. Some policies of implementing area- and time-based restrictions in engagement to the marine resource by the fishermen, as well as restrictions to catch particular marine species have impacted positively towards conservation activities in the region. Thus, it is possible to replicate this traditional management system at the other coastal areas beside Aceh province in Indonesia.

Sinergy of Law Enforcement Agencies in Handling Illegal Fishing Cases in Aceh Waters

Illegal fishing cases often occur in waters at the edge of Indonesia. This article is focused on examining and analyzing the synergy between the authorized institutions in the process of monitoring and handling illegal fishing cases that occur in the waters of Aceh province. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research design. The four authorized institutions coordinate the performance of each other to help each other's role to reduce illegal fishing violations in Aceh Province. LANAL Sabang helped mobilize forces to carry out law enforcement at sea from the threat of violations as well as to safeguard marine resources. PSDKP Lampulo is the foundation for supervising marine and fishery resources in Aceh Province. Panglima Laot has more authority in regulating laot customary law and fishing communities in general. DKP Aceh is the axis of the service and movement for the protection and utilization of marine resources in Aceh Province.

Development of Boat Rental Service Business of Panglima Laot Organization Towards Independent BUMDes in Banda Aceh City

The development of governance for boat rental services by the Panglima Laot organization in Banda Aceh City is needed as a manifestation of the achievement of the aspirations of the youth of Meuraxa District to have a BUMDes in an independent village administration administrative bureaucracy. For the change from this creative effort to BUMDes, it is necessary to reform the governance of business units that are currently being carried out in the establishment document. Currently, a boat rental business is running for fishing activities, both by local residents and by other residents who rent boat equipment in Meuraxa District. Besides, it is also used by tenants to do sea fishing as a hobby. This study aims to develop a boat rental service management system for the Panglima Laot organization through administrative reform of business unit management towards an independent BUMDes. This research is qualitative. In the development of this business, after reviewing the potential of both human and natural resources, it is found that this business service has the potential to increase income and prevent unemployment of the local community which results in reducing poverty rates in the assumption that all human and natural resources can work together. realize independent BUMDes. So that this creative business deserves to be developed to become a growing business for the future under the guidance of a village legal entity in the form of an Independent BUMDes.

The role of panglima laot towards fisheries management based on ecosystem approach in Banda Aceh City

Panglima Laot was indigenous institutions of Aceh that hand to realize sustainable fisheries management particularly with an ecosystem approach. The objective of this study is to evaluated status of Panglima Laot on fisheries management based on ecosystem approach. This research was conducted in 2017 in Banda Aceh City. Data analysis used Composite index with multy criteria analysis and then visualized by flag modelling. The result of this study showed Panglima Laot status was ‘good’ category. Composite value of Lhok Pasie Tibang Panglima Laot is 66,6, Lhok Kuala Aceh Panglima Laot 62,5 and Lhok Kuala Cangkoi Panglima Laot 72,6.

Panglima Laot: Maritime Cultural Heritage and Sustainability of the Coastal Environment in Aceh

This paper examines the damage to the marine and coastal environment in Aceh. This happens because human behavior does not care about environmental safety in exploring marine resources. However, on the coast of Aceh there is one wisdom value that can limit human behavior, namely Panglima Laot. Panglima Laot is a maritime cultural heritage from the Kingdom of Aceh to the republic. Panglima Laot is the result of the adaptation of the structure of the Kingdom of Aceh into the structure of coastal culture in Aceh. This coastal wisdom is a major asset as a social infrastructure in limiting human behavior to ensure environmental sustainability. The research method used in observing this maritime social phenomenon is a qualitative method with sociological and anthropological approaches. The results showed that Panglima Laot has a social system that promotes environmental sustainability. This system is able to limit human behavior in exploring the natural resources of the coast and the sea. In general, the social system owned by Panglima Laot is divided into three, namely hukom adat laot, adat laot and hukom meupayang. This is a significant value in limiting human behavior for the sake of the sustainability of the coastal environment.

Chances and Challenges of Local Wisdom as a Management Model Toward Sustainable Fisheries

Indonesia is rich in local wisdoms, including in fisheries management. Fisheries management by applying local wisdom is an effort to utilize fisheries resource based on traditional noble values designated to people’s welfare. Research aims to collect and analyse local wisdoms related to fisheries management in Indonesia, the concepts offered, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as efforts for their conservation. Method applied in this research is literature review, main articles collected from international and national journals, and other relevant resources as supportive data. Analysis on 24 articles show that there are 3 fisheries local wisdoms which have been researched the most: Panglima Laot-Adat Laot, kewang-sasi, and awig-awig. Panglima Laot in Aceh is considered to be the one that has strong concept and more advantages as compared to others. However, violations to its customary law still take places. Noted also that researches are not exploring the perspective of the people who are regulated by related local wisdoms. Efforts to conserve local wisdoms by building the capacity and integrating their values into formal law as management model is required. Increasing violations against Panglima Laot-Adat Laot customary law, thus, suggest research to explore people’s current perspective toward local wisdom.