Pain In Different Parts Of Body Research Articles

Pervasiveness of work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders on Indian construction workers

Indian construction involves a large number of organized and unorganized workers. There is always a risk of accidents, injuries and disability due to working in an awful, inconvenient workplace and unfavourable conditions. Construction workers work in static, dynamic and awkward postures throughout the day. The work duration, frequency of working and working technique has led to the development of Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in construction workers in India. The study was conducted to corroborate the feeling of pain in different body parts by construction workers and its association with an individual risk factor, physical risk factors and psychosocial risk factors. Information was collected from four-hundred and sixty-five workers doing various construction works. The statistical analysis (Pearson correlation and Binary Logistic Regression Analysis) was performed to confirm the feeling of pain with individual, physical and psychosocial risk factors. The result shows that there is a significant relationship between pain and working in an awkward posture, age, and years of experience. Workers are exposed to the lower back (72.90%), shoulders (49.68%), arms/hands (47.31%), wrists (30.75%), legs (26.67%), neck (24.09%), fingers/thumbs (23.23%) and knees (16.13%). The result also shows that construction workers work in stressful, painful, tedious conditions and awkward postures. For the development of musculoskeletal disorders, working in an awkward posture, year of experience, doing pervasive jobs, traumatic incidents and age are more responsible for which detailed investigation is required.

Do reasons for undergoing bariatric surgery influence weight loss and health-related quality of life?-A Swedish mixed method study.

BackgroundA wish for improved health or avoidance of ill health is often given as reason for wanting to undergo bariatric surgery. How such reasons relate to postoperative outcome is unclear.ObjectiveThe aim was to explore Swedish patients’ reasons for undergoing bariatric surgery. Also, we wanted to analyze if there were sex and age differences and associations with weight loss and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).SettingsThis was a single-center study conducted at a university hospital.MethodData on 688 patients (528 women and 160 men) including a free text response was analyzed inductively and deductively using predefined statements and was merged with data from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry. All data was analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics.ResultThe most common reason for undergoing bariatric surgery was pain in different body parts. A wish for an improved medical condition was reported by most patients (59%, n = 408), followed by physical limitations making daily life difficult (42%, n = 288). Men and women reported similar reasons. Younger patients were more distressed about physical appearance (p = 0.001) and older patients wanted to improve their medical condition (p = 0.013). Health-related quality of life improved irrespective of reasons for undergoing surgery.ConclusionThe most reported reasons for undergoing bariatric surgery were a wish for improved medical condition and to make daily life easier. Factors associated with the decision for surgery showed that there were few sex differences, but age seemed to be a factor. The HRQoL trajectory showed improvement regardless of reasons for undergoing surgery.

Improving work-related musculoskeletal disorders for sewing machine operators in Ethiopia

Objectives. Awkwardly designed sewing workstations in the garment industry cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) that cause global health concerns for industrial sewing operators. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating health risks and improvement interventions for sewing operators in Ethiopia. Methods. The strain index and standardized Nordic musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) questionnaire were used for data collection. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data and identify significant factors. Results. The study revealed that operators’ sitting chair design in the sewing section has significant correlation with the occurrence of pain in different body parts, particularly in the upper and lower back body parts with a high odds ratio of more than 93% in the lower and upper back areas. Hence, the sitting chair was redesigned considering the operators’ anthropometric measurements and workstation requirements to improve workers’ safety and productivity. Conclusion. The study concludes that WRMSDs were significant in different body parts so it was crucial for appropriate intervention in redesigning the sewing workstations, particularly the sitting chair, to ensure health and safety of industrial sewing operators. The study therefore recommends implementation of the proposed ergonomic sitting chair to improve operators’ safety and productivity.

Fast Relief of Acute Musculoskeletal Pain in Different Body Parts Following Exercise - A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Human Study with Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata Extracts

Acute pain in different parts of the body viz., head and neck, trunk, upper and lower limbs tend to be perceived differently. A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study was conducted on 232 healthy participants with acute musculoskeletal pain. The participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive a single dose of 1000 mg of Curcuma longa and Boswellia serrata extract formulation (CBF, Rhuleave-K) or placebo. The participants were categorized according to the location of the pain- head and neck, upper limb, lower limb, trunk, and general body following exercise. Pain intensity was analyzed using a numerical rating scale (NRS) at intervals of 30 minutes up to 6 hours. NRS was taken at rest, on movement and applying pressure on the affected part. The perceptible pain relief (PPR) and meaningful pain relief (PPR) was assessed using the double stopwatch method. In the CBF group, the pain intensity in the head and neck region had a 100% reduction at rest, on movement and pressure (p=0.02) and in generalized body pain, 100% at rest and movement and 97% reduction on applying pressure (p=0.06). Pain in the upper limb, trunk, and lower limb respectively showed a significant reduction of 99%, 97%, and 97% (p<0.001) in the CBF group at rest, on movement and pressure whereas the placebo group showed negligent change. The PPR and MPR obtained at head and neck (40, 160 min), upper limb (52, 167 min), trunk (75, 216 min), lower limb (74, 175 min), and generalized body pain (75, 240 min) in CBF group were significantly faster than the placebo group (p<0.001). CBF can be recommended as a fast-acting alternative to current therapies for acute musculoskeletal pain affecting head and neck, upper and lower limbs, trunk, and general body pain.

Postural Discomfort and Musculoskeletal Disorders among the Agricultural Workers in Faizabad District

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Farming has been considered a physically demanding and associated with high risk occupation for musculoskeletal disorders. Agricultural workers have to adapt different postures while working in the fields, e.g. standing, bending, sitting, kneeling, raising hand, etc. They work for long duration in awkward postures, due to which they have to face a lot of postural discomforts. They go through a lot of physical hazards, and sometimes they have to face severe pain. <strong>Aim:</strong> The present study was conducted to find out the musculoskeletal disorders and postural discomfort among the agricultural workers while working in the fields. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Present study was conducted on 150 agricultural workers. The sample was randomly selected in the Balramau area of Faizabad district. A self-structured interview schedule and the postural discomfort scale developed by Corlett and Bishop in (1976) were used for data collection. <strong>Result:</strong> The study revealed that maximum pain was felt in the upper back, upper arms, mid-back, lower arms, lower back, and buttocks. Female agricultural workers felt more pain as compared to male agricultural workers. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Agricultural workers face lot of pain in different body parts. Proper training program and information about musculoskeletal disorders symptoms should be given to agricultural workers so that they can get help in identifying the symptoms. Training programmers to agricultural workers in adopting right postures to minimise the stress also need to be conducted. </p>

Back and upper body musculoskeletal pain and associated factors among medicine and nursing practicing students at university of Gondar, Ethiopia

Musculoskeletal pain are common problems for nursing and medicine students especially in developing countries. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of back and upper body musculoskeletal pain among nursing and medicine students at the University of Gondar. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. Stratified simple random sampling technique and structured self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. All questionnaires were entered into EPI™ version-7 then exported to SPSS™ version-20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were employed to ensure further significance with subsequent use of odds ratio to show the strength of the association with 95% (CIs). Magnitude of musculoskeletal pain in different body parts was 54% back pain and 36.7% neck pain. Sex difference (AOR: 0.607, 95% CI [0.062, 0.935]), alcohol consumption (AOR: 1.821, 95% CI [1.002, 4.130]), and sufficient rest break (AOR: 0.494, 95% CI [0.044, 4.202]) has significant association to back pain. Also, department (AOR: 3.399, 95% CI [1.340, 3.418]), year of study (AOR: 1.912, 95% CI [1.001, 5.349]) and sleep hours per day (AOR: 1.670, 95% CI [1.507, 4.801]) have significantly associated with neck pain. The overall magnitude of back pain and neck pain in medicine and nursing students were high. Therefore, interventions on organizational factors as well as personal factors should be done to reduce the burden of lower back and upper body musculoskeletal disorders. Key words: Back pain, neck pain, musculoskeletal pain, upper body, university students.

Musculoskeletal Disorders among Rag Pickers at Lucknow City

Context: The Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among rag pickers are mostly non-fatal injuries such as injuries, pain or discomfort in the anatomical area, muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, nerves and in bones. The nature of their occupation requires the rag pickers constant bending, which raised the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders in many body parts. Musculoskeletal Disorders were significantly higher for the lower back, upper back, knees, shoulder, neck and ankles among the rag pickers. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in different body parts among rag pickers. Settings and Design: This study was carried out on sixty rag pickers comprising of male and female. Multistage random sampling technique was adopted in the study. The data has been collected from the rag pickers engaged in rag picking at Lucknow city. Materials and Methods: A self-structured and standardized interview schedule including modified version of Body Discomfort Scale (BDS) devised by Kuorinka et al., (1987) was used for the purpose of gathering information and measurement of pain in different body parts of the respondents. The study adopted survey research design and the respondents were interviewed personally. Statistical Analysis Used: The data was coded and analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0 Version. The level of musculoskeletal pain in different body segments were analysed in the form of frequencies, mean, standard deviation and the significance was tested using ANOVA. Results: The study clearly revealed that rag pickers felt maximum pain in back, followed by knee pain, shoulder pain and hand pain. Conclusions: The study strongly recommends preventive and curative measures to minimize the burden of MSDs. A training program needs to be organized to detect the early signs and symptoms of MSDs so that rag pickers may adopt the curative measures.

Ergonomic evaluation of the risk factors causing pain in the upper part of the body among IT professionals in India.

In developing countries, the recent increase in computer-related work has considerably increased the occupational complaint of pain. To examine the effects of workstation design, posture and ergonomic awareness on the prevalence of pain for a year in the upper part of the body (eyes, hands, arms, shoulders, lower back, and upper back) among IT professionals in India. To investigate the association of risk factors with the prevalence of pain in different body parts, a newly designed online questionnaire titled "A Questionnaire based on ergonomics for IT Professionals" was developed. The psychometric properties of this questionnaire were tested. 110 computer office workers were recruited from IT companies from major cities in India. The confirmation of reliability and lack of redundancy of items was provided by the calculation of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.804) and cross-validation. 60% of participants was male. Mean age was 29.73±6.09 years. The prevalence of pain for a year in the upper part of the body was 38.2%. The frequently reported pains were in the neck (22.7%), lower back area (22.7%), and eye strain (21.8%). It was identified that long working hours, excessive usage of smartphones, lack of exercise, incorrect workstation adjustments, and incorrect posture were the risk factors for the prevalence of pain.

Impacts of computerization and digitization: some health issues

Computerization and digitization are effects and the engines of development at the same time. Computers surround both work activities and beyond. There are several benefits available, including the faster, easier, and cheaper way of managing our tasks. However, there are undesirable health impacts to consider, but these are less pronounced. Exploring these impacts and preventing the occurrence is essential for improving the efficiency of computerization.
 The study focuses on the effects of computer work by analyzing its exhausting characteristics and the tiredness or pain in different body parts. The research method uses a survey of full-time and parttime higher education students. The sample consists of 200 randomly selected responses collected between 2018 and 2019. It allows analyzing the differences of perceptions between respondents with and without job experience. Beyond descriptive statistics, ANOVA and correlation analysis was conducted for exploring the relations. Data analysis was supported by IBM SPSS version 25.
 The results show that the perceived undesirable health impacts are timeless and ageless. Eye-related problems, as well as back and shoulder, are considered the most critical by the respondents. The main implication of the study is that more attention must be paid to the field, appearing in regulations and developing training programs for computer users. The results presented in this paper aim to highlight the importance of the prevention of harmful symptoms of computer work, which are not in the mainstream right now.

Work related musculoskeletal discomfort in meat sellers - A study carried out in Tura, West Garo Hills, Meghalaya

The study was conducted to know the work related musculoskeletal discomfort perceived by the Poultry, Mutton and Pork sellers. The findings of the study show that the sellers are found involved in various activities while selling poultry, mutton and pork and most of the activities are performed by cent per cent of the sellers. While performing these activities the sellers reported that they feel moderate to very severe pain in different body parts.

Assessment of Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Manufacturing Industry

Results of study show that experience workers having more reported pain in upper body parts due to poor work station design. This study is focused on measuring the Risks for WMSDs (Work related musculoskeletal disorders) among workers in a manufacturing company, by applying ergonomic tools like QEC (quick exposure checklist), RULA (rapid upper limb assessment) scores and Nordic questionnaire. A cross-sectional study was conducted among workers aged between 18 to 45 years with a total number of 48 workers selected through random sampling with in the duration of 12 weeks. Validated version of QEC, RULA score sheet and Nordic questionnaire was used to measure the risk level and number of reported pain in body parts among workers. The results showed that the mean score of QEC and RULA was 73.6 and 4.6 respectively. However, results showed that experienced workers reported more pain in different body parts, indicating more chances of WMSDs among them. 79% workers of total sample had reported pain in different parts of body according to Nordic questionnaire, out of which 86% workers had pain in upper part and 14% had pain in lower part of the body that was also verified from QEC and RULA score sheet.

Assessment of postural discomfort experienced by women working in unorganized sector

The present study entitled “Assessment of postural discomfort experienced by women working in unorganized sector” was conducted with an aim to study the working conditions of women engaged in beauty parlors and to examine the extent of postural discomfort faced by these women. The field survey was conducted on purposively selected sample of 80 female workers in the age group of 20-35 years. A self structured interview schedule was used to investigate their socio-economic characteristics, job profile and frequently performed activities in parlors. The musculoskeletal problems of respondents were identified by using Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (SNMQ). Ovako Work Assessment System (OWAS) was used to analyze the postural discomfort of women workers. The most frequently performed activities were threading, waxing, manicure-pedicure, head wash, bleach etc. Results revealed that the respondents spent nearly 8 hours in the parlor everyday performing different activities mostly in standing or standing-cum-bending posture. The health hazards faced by them at the parlors were pain in different body parts due to awkward postures, repetitive nature of work and long working hours. Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (SNMQ) showed that respondents had trouble like ache, pain and discomfort in neck, shoulder, feet, upper and lower back and the results were found significant. Ovako Work Assessment System (OWAS) scores indicated that postures like standing and bending forward with neck and cervical flexion were putting the respondents under high risk and corrective measures should be taken as soon as possible. So, there is a need for ergonomic intervention for prevention of postural discomfort among these women.

Biopsychosocial Needs of Patients with Prostate Cancer at Oncology Center

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. Prostate cancer is a tumor that forms in tissues of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system. The failure of providing appropriate care for prostate cancer patients can compromise the effectiveness of nursing care and thereby adversely affect the health of the patients. Aim of the study, this study aimed to assess the biopsychosocial needs of patients with prostate cancer. Design: A descriptive exploratory study was used to meet the aim of the study. Setting: the study was conducted at the clinics of the Oncology Center affiliated to Ain Shams University. Subjects: A purposive sample composed of 80 adult patients with prostate cancer. Data collection tools: 1. An interview questionnaire tool: it was used to assess demographic data of the studied patients. 2. Biopsychosocial needs assessment questionnaire and 3. Informational needs assessment tool. Results: This study revealed that, regarding demographic characteristics, 90% of the study subjects were at age of sixty and more. In relation to physical needs, this study found that, 77.5% of the study subjects had loss of sexual desire, 90% suffered from pain in different body parts,84.5% can`t do their activities due to pain, 93.25% need emotional support, 83.75% feel that they cause a physical burden for families due to medical expenses and 80% had lack of information regarding self care of prostate cancer. Conclusion: this study concluded that patients with prostate cancer had physiological, psychological, social and informational needs. Recommendations: This study recommended the importance of man early screening for prostate cancer at the age of 45 and provision of supportive care services and psycho oncology clinics to meet prostate cancer patient's needs and consequently improve the quality of life for those patients.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents and association with computer and videogame use

ObjectiveThis study investigated the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in high school adolescents from public schools and its association with electronic device use. MethodsThe sample consisted of 961 boys and girls aged 14 to 19 years who answered a questionnaire regarding the use of computers and electronic games, and questions about pain symptoms and physical activity. Furthermore, anthropometric assessments of all volunteers were performed. The chi‐squared test and a multiple logistic regression model were used for the inferential analysis. ResultsThe presence of musculoskeletal pain symptoms was reported by 65.1% of the adolescents, being more prevalent in the thoracolumbar spine (46.9%), followed by pain in the upper limbs, representing 20% of complaints. The mean time of use for computers and electronic games was 1,720 and 583minutes per week, respectively. The excessive use of electronic devices was demonstrated to be a risk factor for cervical and lumbar pain. Female gender was associated with the presence of pain in different body parts. Presence of a paid job was associated with cervical pain. ConclusionA high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, as well as an increased amount of time using digital devices was observed. However, it was only possible to observe an association between the increased use of these devices and the presence of cervical and low back pain.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents and association with computer and videogame use

ObjectiveThis study investigated the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in high school adolescents from public schools and its association with electronic device use. MethodsThe sample consisted of 961 boys and girls aged 14–19 years who answered a questionnaire regarding the use of computers and electronic games, and questions about pain symptoms and physical activity. Furthermore, anthropometric assessments of all volunteers were performed. The chi-squared test and a multiple logistic regression model were used for the inferential analysis. ResultsThe presence of musculoskeletal pain symptoms was reported by 65.1% of the adolescents, being more prevalent in the thoracolumbar spine (46.9%), followed by pain in the upper limbs, representing 20% of complaints. The mean time of use for computers and electronic games was 1.720 and 583minutes per week, respectively. The excessive use of electronic devices was demonstrated to be a risk factor for cervical and lumbar pain. Female gender was associated with the presence of pain in different body parts. Presence of a paid job was associated with cervical pain. ConclusionA high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, as well as an increased amount of time using digital devices was observed. However, it was only possible to observe an association between the increased use of these devices and the presence of cervical and low back pain.

Ergonomic assessment and workstation design of shipping crane cabin in steel industry

Ergonomics plays vital role to improve health and productivity at workplace and in last two decades it find importance to redesign workplace. All Indian industries had taken initiative to redesign their workplace to overcome various musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and work related injuries. In this context, the project has been carried out in an integrated steel plant located in central India where most of the crane operator was continuously suffering from muscular pain in different body parts. Risk of MSD was identified by detailed questionnaire from 27 crane operator. It was revealed that almost all crane operators were continuously suffering from some kind of MSD. Based on the anthropometric data of 50 percentile Indian male, ergonomic assessment, redesign and evaluation of crane cabin was carried out in CATIA-V5 software. To check the compatibility of the design, rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) for both existing as well as modified crane cabin was performed. This study shows that intervention of ergonomics in workplace reduces the mismatch between man and machine and makes workplace comfortable for work.

The ergonomic evaluation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among construction labourers working in unorganized sectors in West Bengal, India.

The present study aimed at ergonomic evaluation of the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among construction labourers working in unorganized sectors in West Bengal, India. A modified Nordic questionnaire was applied to one hundred forty male and ninety female construction labourers to acquire information about musculoskeletal symptoms like pain in different body parts. Work-rest schedules of the labourers in different work activities were studied. Working postures were analyzed by means of the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) tool. Body part discomfort (BPD) scale was used to assess the intensity of feeling of discomforts in the different body parts. It was revealed that the labourers performed repetitive, stressful work for a long period of time in a single work-rest cycle and the load lifted and carried by them were more than the NIOSH recommended weight limit. The analyses of working postures revealed that most of their working postures were unsafe and ranked under REBA action level 3 and 4. The results obtained by applying the Nordic questionnaire and BPD scale revealed that the prevalence of pain in various regions of the body, especially low-back pain, was alarmingly high in both male and female labourers. Training for safe lifting of materials, proper work-rest schedule, modifications of some working procedures and the use of ergonomically designed equipment may certainly reduce the work-related musculoskeletal disorders and improve the health status of construction labourers working in unorganized sectors.

Study on work load and work-related musculoskeletal disorders amongst male jute mill workers of West Bengal, India

Work-related problems, many of which could be prevented with proper ergonomic techniques are particularly common in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the work stress and the development of the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) of workers employed in the jute mills of India. About 219 male workers engaged in different departments of three jute industries in 24-Parganas (North) and Hooghly districts of West Bengal, India volunteered for this study. Questionnaires along with direct observation of work postures were conducted. Physical parameters such as body weight, height; physiological parameters like heart rate response, blood pressure and psycho-physiological parameters such as perceived exertion rating were studied during different tasks performed by them. It was observed that the 'hacklers' are mostly stressed. Analyses of working postures (OWAS) suggested that their adopted awkward postures were very stressful. A large number of hacklers (92.5% suffer from intense pain in different body parts as compared to workers in other departments of the jute industries. Workers report that the pain even lasts many hours after work. Since most of the workers perform repetitive tasks, so both the workplace as well as the work-rest schedule must be reorganized.

Musculoskeletal Problems and Preventive Measures Adopted by Computer Users

A survey was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state to find out the musculoskeletal problems of computer users and the preventive measures adopted by the users.The sample comprised of 200 computer users ranging from 25-40 years of age, using computer at least for the last one year and for a minimum of 4-6 hours daily . Working profile of the respondents revealed that on an average, 6-8 hours daily were spent by private computer users whereas it were 4-6 hours by public computer users. Maximum of the respondents were doing data entry as main work on the computer. Workstation use highlighted that more than half of respondents (54%) were using the specially designed tables while nearly one- third (32.0%) were using specially designed chairs. Majority of the respondents (81.5%) reported musculoskeletal problems as they were working long on the computer at a stretch. The magnitude of pain was highest in neck and lower back. Reasons mentioned for pain in different body parts by computer users were, watching the screen at a stretch, holding neck more or less in the same position for a long time, and sitting in poor posture for a long time. Relaxation in terms of rest and exercise were the measures frequently adopted by computer users to reduce pain.

Quantifying Drug-seeking Behavior: A Case Control Study

Background Drug-seeking behavior (DSB) is common in the Emergency Department (ED), yet the literature describing DSB in the ED consists predominantly of anecdotal evidence. Study Objectives To perform a case-control study examining the relative frequency of DSB in suspected drug-seeking patients as compared to all ED patients. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of 152 drug-seeking patients and of age- and gender-matched controls, noting which of the following behaviors were exhibited during a 1-year period: reporting a non-narcotic allergy, requesting addictive medications by name, requesting a medication refill, reporting lost or stolen medication, three or more ED visits complaining of pain in different body parts, reporting 10 out of 10 pain, reporting > 10 out of 10 pain, three or more ED visits within 7 days, reporting being out of medication, requesting medications parenterally, and presenting with a chief complaint of headache, back pain, or dental pain. Results The odds ratios for each studied behavior being used by drug seeking patients as compared to controls were: non-narcotic allergy: 3.4, medication by name: 26.3, medication refill: 19.2, lost or stolen medication: 14.1, three or more pain related visits in different parts of the body: 29.3, 10 out of 10 pain: 13.9, three visits in 7 days: 30.8, out of medication: 26.9, headache: 10.9, back pain: 13.6, and dental pain: 6.3. Zero patients in the control group complained of greater than 10-out-of-10 pain or requested medication parenterally, resulting in a calculated odds ratio of infinity for these two behaviors. Conclusions Requesting parenteral medication and reporting greater than ten out of ten pain were most predictive of drug-seeking, while reporting a non-narcotic allergy was less predictive of drug-seeking than other behaviors.