News Packages Research Articles

“It’s Not as Neat Television Like Before The Epidemic”: Analysing the Visuality of Television Journalism During the Covid-19 Crisis

ABSTRACTThe study explores the (re)negotiated visuality of television journalism during the first wave of the epidemic in Slovenia and on this basis examines the visibility of the COVID-19 crisis. Institutionalised procedures and relations of production together with the conventional visual-aural news form are analysed by assessing journalism’s (cl)aims of bringing relevant events and disputes to public attention, uncovering hidden social realities, and enabling people to engage in public life. By combining qualitative interviews with journalists and editors of public television and the leading commercial broadcaster with ethnographic content analysis of the lead news packages, the study reveals “not as neat television like before the epidemic”, albeit a detailed analysis of the mechanisms for ensuring veracity in the newscasts showed “business as usual” in television journalism. Although the two newsrooms (cl)aimed to be performing in line with the journalism’s normative foundations, chiefly monitoring disputes, deviances and changes, making them visible for people in their public engagements and encounters with power, the study points to the emergence of “kaleidoscopic vision”. Namely, television journalism provided a shifted, fractured and scrambled vision of the COVID-19 crisis defined by competing, conflicting and dysfunctional narratives articulated in the contradictory (dis)connect within the journalism–power–citizenry nexus.

ANALISIS FRAMING MODEL ROBERT N. ENTMAN TENTANG KONFLIK RUSIA DAN UKRAINA PADA MEDIA ONLINE THE WASHINGTON POST DAN XINHUA NEWS

This article discussed the Framing Analysis of Russian and Ukrainian Conflict News on the online media Xinhua News and The Washington Post April 7, 2022 edition. The study used a constructive paradigm and media representation using the Robert N. Entman Framing analysis method with the assumption that framing had two major dimensions, selection, and emphasis of issues. The study used a qualitative analysis method which aimed to find out how the packaging of news from the Xinhua News and The Washington Post media were opposite each other. The results of the study showed that there were differences in the emphasis on issues in the two online media The Washington Post and Xinhua News. The Washington Post's news framing blamed Russia as a war crime actor for its invasion of Ukraine, while Xinhua News said that the root causes of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine were Russia's continued expansion of the US-led NATO.
 Keywords:
 Framing Analysis, Robert N. Entman, Russia-Ukraine Conflict.

Role of FM Radio in the Dissemination of Important Messages in the Time of Covid – A Case Study on Delhi /NCR

According to Edmund Burke, in any democratic society, the media can be considered the Fourth Pillar and this claim has often been accurate (Singh, 2019). Media not only informs, enlightens, and entertains in times of peace but also during times of crisis (Chan). In 2019, when the ongoing pandemic emergency had the whole world's population holed up in their homes, mass communication served as both an informant and an educator for the populace. It not only informed us about the current situation but also taught us how to handle it. Each canon of mass communication attempted to play its part in this examination with great diligence, and they all succeeded (Bao, 2020). Television was trying to disseminate news around the clock with news packages, briefings, and discussions. Digital media, which is dynamic in and of itself, was doing the same, and radio, especially FM, was also trying despite its numerous limitations. This study will concentrate on the role of radio during covid and how it tried to comfort listeners, provide them with vital information, and act as their best friend (Brussels). The study focuses on Delhi/NCR listeners and the program by the FM station broadcasts. Additionally, it will attempt to concentrate on the data and message that they tried to spread throughout these challenging circumstances.

The Presence of Television Media in Disaster Reporting to Increase the Community’s Disaster Literacy Skills

Television media, on the one side, has an influence on the audience, but in reporting disasters, it is not uncommon to exploit disaster victims. On the other side, television media has the potential to make a positive contribution to disaster reporting. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence of television media in news to improve the disaster literacy skills of the community. In this study, the author uses a type of library research with descriptive analysis. Descriptive analysis method provides clear, objective, systematic, analytical and critical descriptions and information regarding the presence of television media in disaster reporting to improve the community’s disaster literacy skills. This research found that the role of television media in reporting disasters can improve people's disaster literacy skills. The presence of television media has been going well enough in reporting disasters, but it still needs to change the concept or packaging of news to avoid the impression of "dramatization" to build community empathy so that they are willing to be actively involved to reduce the risk of disaster in an applicative manner. A good and deep understanding will be obtained by the public from the media. Thus, the public will not only get information from communicators (resource persons) about disasters at a cognitive level but also will increase the affective and conative aspects so that they have their own awareness in managing disaster risks as well as possible. This paper explained there are three stages of disaster literacy that can be built by television such as cognitive aspect, affective aspect and conative aspect in disaster reporting that can reduce the risk of disaster. The stages are: (1) when the news is carried out by television media before a disaster occurs, (2) stage of reporting during disasters and (3) stage of television media coverage after disasters.

On the Use of Narrative Structure and Encapsulation for Health-related Stories Contained Within Digital News Packages

ABSTRACT People rely on the media to serve as purveyors of health information and keep them apprised of current knowledge and advancements in medicine, pharmaceuticals, healthcare, and lifestyle management. A digital news package is an immersive feature story housed on the internet and this study examined how the combination of media elements (e.g., photographs, graphics, video, etc.) contained within digital news packages are capable of supporting the presentation of engaging and insightful coverage of health-related topics. Specifically, we investigated what aspects of immersive feature stories should be captured or encapsulated by static and animated graphics, and how these items should be arranged relative to the stories that they accompany. Our findings revealed that effective visual storytelling is facilitated by parity between the written components and visual components of digital news packages.

Could cutting costs mean changing minds? Effects of local television news work routines on viewer attention, information-processing, and perceptions of story importance

Market-driven changes to local television news content can come with consequences to viewers in terms of understanding, remembering and subsequently deliberating about news information. This study focuses on the effects of television news packages on viewers with the understanding that ‘high-effort’ storytelling is not supported uniformly across stations. Using an experiment, this study compares the effects of high- and low-effort storytelling on viewers’ memories for story facts, reported emotional states and perceptions of the importance of stories to determine whether cost-cutting measures will have important consequences for the half of US adults who report relying regularly on local television news for their civic information and for the multi-platform audiences whose preferred content originates from traditional television news work routines.

BBC Allegedly Used Leave Campaigners Ideology to Frame EU Referendum

The news broadcasted on the BBC Great Debate places issues related to the referendum into two categories: our party (United Kingdom) and their party (European Union). According to Edelman’s news frame theory, BBC, through the BBC Great Debate program, creates specific perspectives by using particular words that influence the way audiences understand reality. This study explores the impact of the BBC ideology on frames of the EU referendum broadcasted on the BBC Great Debate and the changes in the Brits’ political attitudes. This research’s paradigm is constructivism with a qualitative approach, and the analytical method used is Edelman’s news frame analysis model. Based on the findings, despite numerous criticisms expressed by leading UK academics regarding BBC’s alignments with Leave campaigners in the first three months of the campaign, BBC continued to frame biased stories. The news packages broadcasted by the BBC were potentially designed to influence the Brits’ political decision, turning their vote from remain to leave the EU. However, a specific survey on the voters should be conducted to profoundly examine whether the BBC Great Debate had significantly changed their political decisions.

Konstruksi Media Online Detik.com dan Kompas.com terhadap Vanuatu

Vanuatu is one of the Pacific Island countries that consistently raises the issue of alleged human rights violations in Papua at every opportunity at the UN session. On September 27, 2020, Vanuatu, represented by the Prime Minister of the Republic of Vanuatu, Bob Loughman, returned to address the issue related to human rights violations of the Papuan at the 75th UN session. Vanuatu's statement and its reply from the Indonesian diplomat, Sylvany Austin Pasaribu, at the 75th UN session became the spotlight of various media. Detik.com and Kompas.com as online media pioneers and one of the most frequently accessed news sites, were also reported that occurrence. This research aims to find out the differences between those media on packaging its report of Vanuatu after the issue of Papuan human rights violations was raised at the 75th UN General Assembly. The news period under research is from 27 September to 2 October 2020. This research uses qualitative research method with the Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M Kosicki framing analysis model. In this research, Detik.com was more likely to corner Vanuatu. This matter can be seen in terms of quantity and packaging of news. Meanwhile, Kompas.com, didn't put Vanuatu in an advantageous position, but was trying to show balance in its report.

Media Portrayals of Athlete-Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence: An Examination of the Social Ecological Model, Race, and Communication Perceptions

This study examined how participants responded to incidents of athlete-perpetrated intimate partner violence in two separate contexts: one featuring an athlete from a league that is at peak popularity among sports audiences (National Football League; NFL) and one featuring an athlete from an up-and-coming league that currently has a lower standing in professional sports (Ultimate Fighting Championship League; UFC). The authors used the social ecological model to qualitatively analyze participant perceptions about athlete-perpetrated intimate partner violence composite news packages. For the purpose of this study specifically, they centered on 1,124 responses to one of the open-ended qualitative questions asked in a larger quantitative experiment. The authors found that the participants most frequently attributed the perpetrator’s behavior to either individual or relationship-level reasons and that there were differences in the level attributed for participants of different races and ethnicities. They also determined that the participants were more likely to ascribe the violence to the suspect’s job (i.e., athlete) if they were a UFC fighter than an NFL player. Theoretical extensions of the social ecological model and practical implications for journalists, the media, and fans are offered.

Strategi Pemasaran TVRI dalam Menaikkan Brand Image

Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI) is a state television. Since its establishment on August 24, 1962, TVRI has indeed experienced various phases in its life. Through Law No.32 of 2002 concerning Broadcasting, TVRI was established as a Public Broadcasting Institution (LPP). LPP is a broadcasting institution in the form of a legal entity established by the state, independent, neutral, non-commercial and functions to provide services for the benefit of the community. At present, TVRI has changed its Director since March 2018 namely Helmi Yahya, known as the King of Quiz. With the new Managing Director, TVRI began many enthusiasts who watched with new faces and more interesting programs. This research uses a qualitative research method, and is descriptive in nature which will later explain the marketing strategy of TVRI which has begun to attract the public and an increase in rating and audience share. This study uses interview techniques and data collection from social media and the internet as well as journals, books as primary and secondary data. The marketing strategy undertaken by TVRI includes five rebranding media including channel branding packages, promo on air, news packages, social media, and off air promotions. Of all the rebranding media, the most effective media is social media because aside from being a new media or digital marketing, it can reach all people, both TVRI viewers and private TV viewers

The Cost of the Veil: Visual Communication Impacts of Hijab on News Judgments

Using disposition theory as a framework, this 2 (headscarf vs. no headscarf) by 2 (US citizen vs. refugee) experiment sought to elucidate the impact of visual and verbal cues in mediated messages on conclusions drawn from a television news package about a woman accused of consorting with a known terrorist group in the US, in terms of parochial empathy for and perceived innocence of the woman. Parochial empathy measures the difference between ingroup and outgroup empathy; higher levels indicate ingroup empathy is greater than outgroup empathy, meaning the individual’s empathy is very narrow in scope or “parochial.” Political identity was a measured independent variable. The data supported a model in which political identity was a significant moderator of the headscarf’s effect on parochial empathy, and that parochial empathy mediated the relationship between the manipulated and measured predictor variables on perceived innocence. Details of the relationships among variables are reported and the implications for theory and journalism practice are discussed.

Los servicios digitales de seguimiento de noticias bajo la mirada del derecho de autor

El artículo describe y analiza los modernos servicios digitales de seguimiento de noticias y artículos periodísticos que son demandados bajo contrato por las empresas, y que implican la búsqueda, recuperación, selección, empaquetamiento y distribución de esos artículos, que en sí mismos constituyen obras del intelecto humano y por tanto son objeto de protección por el derecho de autor. El artículo revisa las figuras y estándares de protección de la propiedad intelectual para el resultado de esta actividad en el ámbito internacional y posteriormente examina su aplicación bajo la ley de propiedad intelectual chilena.

Should There Be an App for That? An Analysis of Interactive Applications within Longform News Stories

The most-read story of 2014 on the website of The New York Times was an interactive news application called “How Y’all, Youse and You Guys Talk.” Interactive applications may provide value to the user experience of digital media, but they cost time and money to produce. In this study, we examined five multimedia news packages that include interactive applications as part of the story presentation and asked 18 millennial tablet computer users to evaluate them. Participants said the interactive applications that were most effective in attracting and retaining their interest maintained the flow of the narrative, provided a personalized or playful alternative to the representation of information in other media, and were produced by credible media organizations that designed their apps for use on mobile devices.

Framing of Arab Conflicts in India by the Leading Private News Channels NDTV 24*7 and CNN-IBN

During Arab “Spring”, two broad frames emerged from the coverages by Indian news television: Western and regional. The former caters to the West for its primary viewership whereas the latter is an alternative to CNN for the Arab region. During the conflicts, Indian news television catered to the dominant western perspective due to feeds from western news agencies. So when the Arab Conflicts got mediated to India, a non-participating zone, then it was only likely that the western perspective would dominate the audio-visual narratives because of continued dependency on the western news agencies as has been demonstrated earlier conflicts like invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. Through a qualitative framing analysis, this research looks at how Arab Conflicts got mediated by NDTV and CNN-IBN, the two leading private English news channels. An analysis of news packages by the two channels during the year 2011 with respect to framing of issues, stakeholders and sources reveals a stronger presence of western perspective in the audio-visual narratives in spite of the fact that channels correspondents contributed almost the same number of stories as those from the western sources.

Studies in the efficacy of motion graphics: the relation between expository motion graphics and the presence of naïve realism

Expository motion graphics are dynamic visual communication devices capable of both informing and entertaining because they provide visual explanations and present narratives to an audience. This article had the goal of exploring how viewers interact with motion graphics that offer exposition and two theories were utilized to frame this inquiry: the theory of naïve realism and cognitive load theory. Each theory describes complementary aspects of the motion graphic viewing experience and a 2 x 2 experiment conducted by the author indicated that visual clutter is detrimental to the viewing experience associated with motion graphics and a viewer’s predilections about motion graphics can be altered after exposure to multiple motion graphics that vary in fidelity or representativeness. These findings have implications for journalistic applications of expository motion graphics within the contexts of online news packages and broadcast news.

How sensationalist features affect television news preferences and recognition among young viewers

This study investigates whether including sensationalist features in news stories is an appropriate strategy for news organizations to both attract and inform young adults. An experiment was conducted to examine whether content (negative versus neutral) and packaging (tabloid versus non-tabloid) of television news stories influenced preferences for and recognition of these stories among young viewers (16–21 years old), varying in educational level. Results showed that the use of sensationalist news features might indeed help news producers to attract young viewers to news. However, this holds for content but not for packaging. In addition, negative content improved recognition, but only among higher educated young viewers.

The visual framing of graphics when used in preventative health digital news packages: exploring the use of a narrative structure as the message infrastructure

Visual framing can improve health-message effectiveness. Narrative structure provides a template needed for determining how to frame visuals to maximise message effectiveness. Participants (N = 190) were assigned to a message condition determined by segments (establisher, initial, peak), graphic (static, animated) and cancer (lung, melanoma). ANOVAs revealed that melanoma was more believable than lung cancer with static graphics at the establisher and peak; narratives were more believable with animated graphics at the peak segment; melanoma elicited greater positive attitudes; graphics in the peak influenced greatest intentions. Animated graphics visually framed to emphasise information at the establisher and peak segments suggest maximum effectiveness.

Studies in the Efficacy of Motion Graphics

Contemporary digital news packages (packages) frequently embed media elements such as motion graphics alongside the story’s primary content. A motion graphic uses animated two- and three-dimensional computer-generated imagery and typography to present visual explanations of the topic(s) covered by the feature. Graphics editors and other newsroom personnel alike have been increasingly critical of motion graphics because, according to Viera, “many motion graphics are nothing but a set of visual metaphors strung together to support the hypothesis voiced by the narrator”. Using a mixed design study, this paper examines how narrative structure can be imposed upon motion graphics according to the theory of visual narrative grammar in order to provide viewing experiences that resonate with an audience. The findings of the study are capable of advising newsroom personnel of the circumstances under which the narrative structure of motion graphics can be manipulated or maintained for maximum effectiveness within a package.

The Effects of Online News Package Structure on Attitude, Attention, and Comprehension

Research has shown that website structure can impact storytelling. Based on theory regarding website interactivity and navigability, this study examined the effects of two online news packages’ website designs—a multiple-page, nonlinear, click-through design and a single-page, linear, scroll-through design—on users’ attitudes toward the website, factual and structural comprehension of site content, and attention to the site. Results of a 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment revealed that both types of comprehension were influenced by the interaction between website design and attention. Among participants who spent at least 10 min browsing, users were better able to recognize facts after looking at the scroll-through site, but they showed a deeper understanding of content after looking at the click-through site. Theoretical and practical implications for storytelling are discussed.

What Makes a Good Journalist?

Empathy performs a central role in regulating social relations. This applies equally to journalistic work routines. To explore the concept of empathy in the understanding of journalists, 46 interviews were conducted using a cross-cultural approach between the United Kingdom and India. It became clear that empathy occupies a central place in news production, fulfilling multiple roles. It serves to achieve a comprehensive access to information and to news protagonists at the interpersonal level. Without this “invisible” mode of communication, qualitative and ethical news journalism cannot be achieved; and the authenticity and emotionality of news packages would be diminished. Empathy varies on the individual level, but especially in sensitive journalistic work fields it represents a “naturally present” core skill for journalists. A final empathic dimension is found in the imaginary empathy towards the audience which provides essential guidance for journalistic news products. Cultural differences between India and the United Kingdom are apparent in this study, but results also indicate considerable similarities in the role of empathy in different journalism cultures.