Qualitative Data Analysis Software Research Articles

COVID-19 and lifelong learning: older adult peer educators’ perspective on the pandemic’s effect on adult education

ABSTRACT Background The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in a period of unprecedented uncertainty, profoundly affecting societies worldwide. Older adults often faced heightened risks of isolation and health complications. As research in the aftermath of the pandemic has sought to understand its multifaceted impacts, there remains a notable gap in examining older adults’ access to education, particularly within the Lifelong Learning Institutes (LLIs) or Universities of the Third Age (U3A). Methodology In the course of a broader study focusing on older adult peer educators, the topic of COVID-19 emerged as a prominent and recurring theme of 14 interviews with US-based peer educators. Using a qualitative content analysis approach supported by WebQDA (Qualitative Data Analysis Software) we identified key themes and subthemes in the interview data. Findings Major themes included the impact of COVID-19 in the classroom and institution and also in the personal lives of the students and educators. A prominent subtheme was the introduction, or shift, in technology. Technology was seen as a powerful tool for expanding educational opportunities for older adults and engaging a broader audience. The resilience and adaptability of educators in navigating the challenges posed by the pandemic were also frequently discussed. Conclusion This study highlights the way in which the COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped education within Lifelong Learning Institutes. The findings underscore the importance of addressing the specific needs and challenges faced by older adult peer educators and highlight the opportunities for enhancing specific person-based support and allocating resources effectively in the evolving post-pandemic educational landscape.

“It is something you live with, like an organ in your body” a qualitative study on the lived experiences of people suffering from chronic low back pain in Lebanon

Purpose This paper aims to understand the distinctive biopsychosocial aspects and patient perspectives on chronic low back pain in Lebanon, an Arab country with a unique and rich cultural heritage. Method Qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 12 Lebanese patients purposefully sampled from various governorates. The interviews included participants from different geographic areas and religions. The data underwent analysis through an inductive thematic approach guided by a bounded relativist ontology, a subjectivist epistemology, and a descriptive phenomenological framework. The coding process was managed by computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (QSR NVivo version 12.0). Results The researchers identified and constructed two themes: (1) Chronic low back pain: understanding the impact, coping strategies, and communication patterns in lived experiences within the Lebanese context. This theme sheds light on the complexities of pain management and societal influences in Lebanon. (2) Explanatory model of patients living with chronic low back pain in Lebanon. This theme allowed an exploration of the multifaceted narratives of chronic low back pain. Conclusion This study found that Lebanese individuals attribute chronic low back pain to biomedical factors despite some recognizing psychosocial elements. It emphasizes the need to educate patients on the biopsychosocial model, facilitate better care, and dispel misconceptions.

Symposium 1: Tracing analytic assemblages – doing doctoral research with actor-network theory

The practices of doctoral education are intricately entangled with technologies. This methodological paper examines the practical concerns involved in doing the analytic work in a networked learning setting with Actor-Network theory (ANT). It is a story about engaging with ANT as a companion in an ethnographic research project on teaching practices in Sweden during the Covid-19 pandemic. The empirical examples are pulled from online interviews in the pandemic outbreak and two ways of assembling the analytic practices of those interviews. On the premises that method and technology are non-neutral, the focus is on how the interviews are analysed and the modes of knowing that they form. For example, the paper examines how computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software acts on the analyses of the interviews and the knowledge patterns made possible and what signals are silenced. A second analytic assemblage is deployed that traces those signals. Based on the empirical examples of doing analyses, the paper discusses how analytic assemblages change and move research and the researcher in unpredictive and performative ways that troubles the expectations of a singularised doctoral journey.

Inter-Coder Agreement in Qualitative Coding: Considerations for its Use

<i>The historically quantitative-dominated field of health sciences has increasingly embraced qualitative methods. However, calls for quantitative measures of rigor, such as Inter-coder Agreement (ICA), remain. The aim of this manuscript is to demystify ICA and provide practical guidance. I begin by describing considerations while planning for ICA, including differences between various ICA tests (i.e., percent agreement, Holsti Method, Cohen’s kappa, Krippendorf’s alpha, and Gwet’s AC1 and AC2), setting the threshold of acceptability for your chosen test, deciding whether to use qualitative data analysis software, choosing the number of coders, selecting what data will be coded by more than one coder, developing a deductive codebook, creating a process for resolving coding disagreements, and establishing an audit trail for codebook changes. Next, I provide step-by-step guidance on an iterative process used for enacting ICA. Finally, I discuss the importance of reporting, emphasizing clarity, conciseness, completeness, and accuracy.</i>

Explaining the process of learning about dignity by undergraduate nursing students: A grounded theory study.

The learning process about dignity and how undergraduate nursing students experience and use this ethical knowledge is an under-represented field in nursing research. To overcome the lack of conceptual clarity, it is important to understand what processes and dimensions students develop to support this learning outcome. This study aimed to explain the process of learning about dignity by undergraduate nursing students. A qualitative study was conducted using the grounded theory method. Data was collected through free reports and in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 participants. A focus group was held for the selective coding. Sampling began purposefully and evolved into theoretical. Reflective and theoretical memos were generated from the data collection and constant comparison. Data analysis was performed using qualitative data analysis software using Corbin and Strauss' method. The research was approved by a specialized research ethics committee from a Health School. The process of learning about dignity by undergraduate nursing students revealed 'recognition of dignity' as the core category, supported by five main categories: 'proto-conscience of dignity', 'pathway to nursing', 'consciousness of dignity', 'ways of learning', and 'becoming capable'. These categories illustrate the processes and dimensions involved in nursing students' concept translation of dignity learning, allowing a theory to emerge. The 'Recognition of Dignity' theory aims to contribute to developing educational, training, and supervision processes for nursing programs. It seeks to enhance the ethical and moral development of undergraduate nursing students by helping them understand the concept of dignity and its fundamental importance in nursing.

Overview of the Medical Waste Management System by Health Human Resources (SDK) at the Putri Ayu Public Health Center, Jambi City in 2024

According to the Jambi City Health Service Profile in 2021-2022, Putri Ayu Health Center is one of the inpatient health centers in Jambi City which is also acontributes the largest amount of medical waste with the amount of waste is 615 kg out of a total of 7804.1 kg of medical waste from health centers in Jambi City, so it has the potential to spread disease if medical waste is not managed properly. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Data was obtained from 8 informants by conducting in-depth interviews and observations in May 2023 - April 2024 using qualitative research data analysis software. In the input aspect (1) Human Resources in the quantity aspect are sufficient, while the qualifications are not appropriate because they come from general administration. (2) Facilities and infrastructure are not sufficient and if there is damage, goods will be procured and reported to envinronmental health authority. Meanwhile, in the process aspect (3) Sorting is carried out by each waste producing poly unit by labeling the type of waste, date and poly, (4) The container used at the Putri Ayu Public Health Center meets the standards of Minister of Health Regulation Number 18 of 2020 (5) Transportation is carried out more than once every 2 days by PT Anggrek (6). Storage is carried out at TPS with a time span of 2-3 days at the latest. There are still input aspects that do not comply with standards (in the case of this research, namely the quality of human resources) causing disruption to process aspects, such as less than optimal management performance in managing medical waste in the container, transport and storage processes.

Incorporating Technology Adoption in Medical Education: A Qualitative Study of Medical Students' Perspectives.

The integration of technology into medical education has witnessed significant growth in recent years, with tools such as virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and telemedicine gaining prominence. These tool in medical education, offering immersive, experiential learning experiences. We approached medical students currently enrolled in medical education programs and who are familiar with and actively use AI in medical education. Initially, we invited 21 random students to participate in the study; however, only 13 agreed to interviews. Some students cited their busy exam schedules as the reason for not participating. The participants were informed of the objective of the study before the commencement of the recorded interviews. Semi-structured interviews were used to guide the record interviews. Audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using Atlas.ti, a qualitative data analysis software. Participants exhibited a diverse range of perceptions and levels of awareness regarding VR, AI, and telemedicine technologies. Learning with virtual reality was considered to be fun, memorable, inclusive, and engaging by participants. The use of virtual reality technology is seen as complementing current teaching and learning approaches, helping to build learners' confidence, as well as providing medical students with a safe environment for problem-solving and trial-and-error learning. The students reported that AI was seen as a potential game-changer in the healthcare sector. Participants hoped that telemedicine would provide healthcare services to remote and underserved populations. The study conducted focus group discussions with medical students and residents in Saudi Arabia to explore their views on integrating VR, AI, and telemedicine in medical education and practice. Their insights highlight the need for informed decision-making and strategic development to optimize the benefits and address challenges like initial investments, technical issues, ethics, and regulations. These considerations are crucial for fully realizing the potential benefits of technology in medical education globally.

Medical residents’ perceptions of group biases in medical decision making: a qualitative study

BackgroundSystematic biases in group decision making (i.e., group biases) may result in suboptimal decisions and potentially harm patients. It is not well known how impaired group decision making in patient care may affect medical training. This study aimed to explore medical residents’ experiences and perspectives regarding impaired group decision making and the role of group biases in medical decision making.MethodsThis study used a qualitative approach with thematic analysis underpinned by a social constructionist epistemology. Semi-structured interviews of medical residents were conducted at a single internal medicine residency program. Residents were initially asked about their experiences with suboptimal medical decision making as a group or team. Then, questions were targeted to several group biases (groupthink, social loafing, escalation of commitment). Interviews were transcribed and transferred to a qualitative data analysis software. Thematic analysis was conducted to generate major themes within the dataset.ResultsSixteen interviews with residents revealed five major themes: (1) hierarchical influence on group decision making; (2) group decision making under pressure; (3) post-call challenges in decision making; (4) interactions between teamwork and decision making; and (5) personal and cultural influences in group decision making. Subthemes were also identified for each major theme. Most residents were able to recognize groupthink in their past experiences working with medical teams. Residents perceived social loafing or escalation of commitment as less relevant for medical team decision making.ConclusionsOur findings provide unique insights into the complexities of group decision making processes in teaching hospitals. Team hierarchy significantly influenced residents’ experiences with group decision making—most group decisions were attributed to consultants or senior team members, while lower ranking team members contributed less and perceived fewer opportunities to engage in group decisions. Other factors such as time constraints on decision making, perceived pressures from other staff members, and challenges associated with post-call days were identified as important barriers to optimal group decision making in patient care. Future studies may build upon these findings to enhance our understanding of medical team decision making and develop strategies to improve group decisions, ultimately leading to higher quality patient care and training.

Evaluating the role that Care Groups play in providing breastfeeding and infant feeding support at community level: a qualitative study in Dedza district in Malawi

Background Promoting exclusive breastfeeding is a key nutrition policy objective in Malawi. This study assesses the role that Care Group Volunteers (CGVs) play in providing breastfeeding and infant feeding support at community level. Care Groups are a peer-to-peer learning approach, which has been part of Malawi’s nutrition policy since 2012, its role within community-level nutrition support remains under-researched. Methods In July 2021, we conducted 60 qualitative semi structured interviews in Dedza District with village leaders, Health Surveillance Assistants (HSAs), CGVs and district health officials, mothers with at least one child under two (n=36) who were purposively selected. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and translated into English and then analysed using qualitative data analysis software. Thematic analysis was used to elicit key themes. Results Only eight out of 36 women reported receiving breastfeeding support from care groups. All mothers reported receiving breastfeeding support at the health facility where they delivered their baby(ies) and some (n=24) also at ante-natal care clinics. In total, 18 interviewees reported interacting with the Care Groups, mostly during cooking demonstrations or receiving home visits. Little interaction was observed by interviewees between HSAs and CGVs and no evidence suggested coordination between HSAs and CGVs around (vulnerable) newborn baby visits, as described by one HSA. Conclusions This research shows that Care Groups, despite being well-known, remain an under-appreciated and un-integrated volunteer cadre. Policy reform in relation to Care Groups in Malawi is needed to improve volunteer engagement regarding breastfeeding and overall support of newborns and vulnerable infants.

Reclaimed Voices: The Silent Impact of Women’s Experiences of Homelessness

Background: Homelessness is a rising crisis that affects hundreds of thousands of individuals in America; but affects women differently than men. The experiences women face while homeless can translate into traumatic experiences and profoundly shape an individual's story of homelessness. These experiences prompt a need to change the systems that contribute to homelessness. Purpose: This study aims to highlight trauma across women's experiences of homelessness. Methods: Data collection for this research was conducted through qualitative interviews with eight women experiencing homelessness in Modesto, California. NVivo, a qualitative data analysis software, was used to format the interviews, identifying common code words that developed into overlapping themes. Results: The eight interviews of women experiencing homelessness identified core emerging themes of causes of homelessness, fear of loneliness, quality, and type of available services, perception of homelessness, and an understanding of the societal constructs of homelessness and gender. This research confirmed that some women experiencing homelessness are less likely to report traumatic experiences and seek support from their local social service community providers. The limitations of the smaller sample size only captured a small scale of the problem being analyzed to a potentially larger issue. Conclusion: Services should begin focusing on asking more trauma-informed questions, not only to improve care but to allow more women experiencing homelessness the chance to seek help; this is the only way to begin understanding how their traumatic experiences have impacted their livelihood.

“I start to doubt whether any of my actions will matter”: youth activists’ experiences and expressions of the emotions associated with climate change

This study provides insights on the ways that youth express and process the emotions arising from their involvement in climate action. The specific objectives were to: (1) understand the ways youth come to know, conceptualize and reflect on climate change, (2) explore how youth’s emotions in response to climate change impacts their everyday lives; and (3) determine the modalities in which youth are expressing and processing such emotions. We used a grounded theory approach and the photovoice interview method to elicit participant’s views on climate-change-related emotions and interviews were analysed using qualitative data analysis software according to a grounded theory approach. The study resulted in identifying key themes, as well as supports for youth experiencing difficult emotions associated with climate change.

Thematic Analysis of Consumer Processes When Experiencing E-Money Transactions

This study delves into the intricate processes of consumer transactions within e-money (or e-wallet) applications, across the pre-, during-, and post-transaction phases. Through in-depth interviews conducted with experts who concurrently serve as active users of e-money platforms, utilizing a qualitative research methodology and thematic analysis facilitated by the advanced Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS), particularly Atlas.ti, version 22, the research identifies three interconnected themes inherent in the e-money consumer transaction process: pre-transaction considerations, the actual transaction experience, and post-transaction reflections. A crucial aspect highlighted in this investigation is the discerning approach adopted by e-money consumers, who engage in thorough background research on various Electronic Money Institutions (EMIs) to strategically select the most suitable provider. Additionally, the study draws attention to innovative features, such as a 'shake to get a reward' incentive, implemented by some EMIs, which enhance the overall user experience. The overarching aim of this research is to contribute significantly to the understanding of e-money consumer protection issues by unravelling the processes inherent in digital transactions. The findings not only shed light on the nuanced dynamics of e-money transactions but also provide crucial insights into consumer behaviours and preferences at each phase of the transaction process. Ultimately, this research serves as a valuable foundation for ongoing discussions aimed at enhancing consumer protection in the evolving landscape of digital financial interactions.

Electronic Money Institution and Protection Framework

This study aims to address a notable gap in the existing literature concerning electronic money (e-money) in Malaysia. While numerous studies have explored advantages and disadvantages of e-money, consumer behaviors and general issues on e-money, there remains limited understanding of e-money-related institutions and the protective measures they afford. Employing a structured interview guide, primary data were gathered from professionals actively engaged in the e-money sector, who concurrently serve as users. Additionally, secondary data were extracted and analysed from official government websites. Semi-structured interviews formed the primary data collection method, and an in-depth thematic analysis was conducted using Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS), specifically Atlas.ti version 22. The study identifies four key institutions contributing to e-money consumer protection: government entities, private organizations, nongovernmental institutions (NGOs), and international entities. Moreover, it delineates five types of protection extended to e-money consumers during payment transactions. These protections encompass security measures, safeguards provided by the Central Bank of Malaysia, merchant-based protections, measures enacted by Telecommunications Companies (TELCOs) and Electronic Money Institutions (EMIs) as well as non-governmental organisations (NGO). The findings of this research offer valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers involved in the e-money ecosystem. Understanding the diverse institutions and protection mechanisms is crucial for fostering a secure and reliable e-money environment for consumers. This research contributes significantly to the current body of literature by presenting insights derived directly from experts with firsthand experience in e-money institutions and protective measures. The study enriches our understanding of the multifaceted landscape of e-money consumer protection, filling a crucial research gap in the existing knowledge base.

Social work community practice from a government discourse perspective: Motives for youth volunteers in controlling COVID-19 in Rwanda

During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries were in emergencies to contain the envisioned danger. Rwanda was no exception. Among strategies adopted by the country to control the pandemic were community interventions by youth volunteers. Using social movement and self-determination theories, the paper investigated the policy perspective of the motives for the voluntary engagement of these youths in controlling the pandemic so that these motives could be documented for future emergencies. A qualitative approach was adopted to explore what motivated these youths by analysing government discourses, where data were collected from six government policy documents. The content analysis was done after grouping the data into two categories and subcategories using MAXQDA 22, a qualitative data analysis software, for data mapping and visualization. The results indicate that youth volunteers have been mainly motivated by institutional-level motives, whereby government leadership mobilisation and coordination had a high occurrence, and under the individual-level motives category, civic-mindedness behaviour occurred high. The paper argues that conducive policies are a key motivation for social work community practices. Social workers should advocate for conducive policies to increase the productivity of voluntary activities. Another study involving talking to youth volunteers may complement the current findings.

“In Minutes Instead of Weeks”: Discursive Constructions of Generative AI and Qualitative Data Analysis

The use of qualitative data analysis software (QDAS) platforms have always posed a dilemma for researchers, and the integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools are complexifying this relationship even further. The way QDAS companies are positioning this new development will impact how researchers understand what qualitative analysis is and what it could be. Using discourse analysis methods, we explored how ATLAS.ti, NVivo, and MAXQDA websites constructed the relationship between AI-assist and qualitative research methods. We noted four “discursive dilemmas” across the websites: (a) automated insight-generation versus systematic meaning-making; (b) chatting with documents versus analyzing data; (c) high speed versus high engagement; and (d) novelty versus agency. While some level of hyperbolic discourse can be expected from corporations whose goal is to sell products, we argue that the discourses used on these websites may be incompatible with the epistemological foundations of qualitative research.

Abstract PO2-10-12: The devil is in the details: Workflow analysis of breast cancer treatment decision making and implications for decision support design

Abstract While numerous decision aids have been developed to support treatment decision-making in breast cancer1, widespread implementation remains limited due to challenges integrating these tools in clinical workflows2. Given these persistent issues, we need to better understand the complex workflows and needs of decision aid users - patients, their family caregivers, and breast cancer clinicians. Previous studies have explored various aspects of breast cancer team workflows3,4. Despite this work, it is still unclear how these complex workflows support or hinder decision aid use. In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of breast cancer team workflow to elicit design requirements for informatics tools to support patient-centered decision-making. This study was part of a larger project aimed at designing a COMputeried PAtient-centered Collaborative Technology (COMPACT) to support personalized decision-making for breast cancer patients. We conducted observations of clinicians and patients at one breast center, using a tablet computer with smart pen to take notes on all aspects of clinic workflow. We uploaded all observation notes into a qualitative data analysis software, Dedoose. Two researchers coded the observations in an inductive, consensus-based process. We met to review our codes and identify key themes emerging in the data. We observed 95 hours and 127 patient encounters across 20 clinician-centered and 8 patient-centered observations. We identified 10 themes related to the design of decision support, which we grouped into the 4 components of workflow6 (see Table 1). We identified numerous patient-specific factors communicated from the patient to the clinical team that influenced treatment decision-making. These “decision factors” covered the broader scope of the patient’s life that was important in the decision-making process (e.g., upcoming family wedding, work). Patients were frequently “knowledge brokers” and were asked to remember and relay information across members of the care team. We identified 28 different tools and technologies used to support treatment decision-making. Patient family caregivers (e.g., aunt, husband) played an important role in treatment decision-making. Based on these findings, we developed design requirements for informatics tools to better support patients (and clinicians). Our study highlights the complexity and interdependence of breast cancer treatment decision-making. Patients frequently made treatment decisions that influenced subsequent decisions. Decision aids typically focus on one decision or one care specialty and do not support consideration of several treatment options at one time1. Future research is needed to determine if and how decision support tools could incorporate the broader scope and interdependence between decisions to support patient-centered care. We highlight the need for informatics tools to consider the diverse and unique decision factors (e.g., hobbies) that are crucial to patient-centered decision-making. Decision support could help to elicit and incorporate these factors during treatment decision-making. However, the variable nature of these patient-specific factors presents a challenge to decision support design. Further research is needed to determine how to optimally incorporate such factors into decision support tools. We found inadequate system support for clinicians’ tasks including limited feedback loops to notify clinicians of completed tasks (e.g., mammogram, genetic testing). As a result, patients were often responsible for relaying information to and between different members of the clinical team. Given that patients only remember 50% of what clinicians tell them during visits7, a better system is needed to improve the reliability of information transfer. Our design guidelines can be used to improve the design of decision support tools and ultimately improve patient-centered decision-making. Table 1. Workflow components, themes, and associated challenges to decision support design Citation Format: Megan Salwei, Carrie Reale. The devil is in the details: Workflow analysis of breast cancer treatment decision making and implications for decision support design [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-10-12.

Konsep Pemakanan Halalan Tayyiban: Kajian Terhadap Penerima Anugerah Keluarga Mithali Peringkat Kebangsaan Malaysia

Building a mithali family is a challenge that requires practical guidance and reallife examples that can be emulated. Based on the Islamic perspective, as explained theoretically by previous Islamic scholars, the halalan tayyiban dietary concept is one of the important factors in family development. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the actual practice of the halalan tayyiban dietary concept by recipients of the Anugerah Keluarga Mithali (AKM) at the national level. This study adopted a qualitative approach and used the interview method with the focus group discussion technique to collect data. The analysis of this interview data was done using the qualitative data analysis software NVivo version 10. A total of 11 respondents from two nuclear families that had won the AKM at national level in 2014 (7 family members) and 2017 (4 family members) were involved in this research. The results found that the AKM families practised six dietary principles; namely, food and income should be clean and halal, safe for consumption, satisfies the natural disposition of a prosperous soul, free from syubhah (elements of a guideline for the formation of modules for Islamic family building by Islamic bodies, preachers, parents and also Muslim individuals with related interests. Future studies should be done by involving more nuclear families to further improve the reliability of this study and to touch on other undiscussed aspects in this study.

Investigation of Preschool Teachers’ Views of Inclusive Mathematics Education

Inclusive education is based on the belief of having an educational philosophy in which all individuals will acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for their effective inclusion in society. This study aims to examine preschool teachers' views on inclusive mathematics education activities in Turkey. Case study design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. The study group consisted of 15 preschool teachers. All of the teachers participating in the study were female. The study group was formed by convenient sampling method based on volunteerism. The data were collected through a personal information form and a semi-structured form. Content analysis technique was used to analyse the data. During the analysis of the data, codes and themes were created and visualised using MAXQDA 2024 qualitative data analysis software. According to the results obtained, preschool teachers have deficiencies in preparing differentiated lesson plans and content for inclusive mathematics education. In this context, it is recommended to overcome this deficiency by organising in-service training activities for preschool teachers. Additionally, it is recommended to create guidebooks to assist teachers in implementing inclusive mathematics education activities in preschool.

“Cansada, agobiada, frustrada”: Desafíos emocionales de docentes de inglés en primaria durante la pandemia: Estudio de caso en San Carlos, Costa Rica

Introduction. COVID-19’s health crisis put a hold on all educational processes worldwide. This was not the exception for Costa Rica at the Ministry of Education. In March 2020, it was proposed that distance education was going to be put into practice. Purpose. This paper focuses on the feelings the participants communicated during the study. This was part of a principal investigation that used a case study methodology based on inductive qualitative research. It had the purpose of describing the perceptions of four English primary school teachers from the Dirección Regional de Educación San Carlos (San Carlos Regional Education Office) regarding distance education during the sanitary emergency of COVID-19. Methodology. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, lesson plans, and video recordings of pedagogical mediation and professional contexts. The data were analyzed using semantic categories from content analysis (Hatch, 2002) and the Web Qualitative Data Analysis (webQDA) software (Costa et al., 2019). Results. Results suggest that teachers reported experiencing a range of emotions before and during the pandemic, with the majority being negative in nature. Among the most notable were uncertainty, stress, confusion, overwork, a sense of difficulty, sadness, and worry. Other feelings included discrimination, impotence, and disrespect towards the teachers and the families’ specific contexts. This study presents the teachers from their human dimension as professionals who endured the pandemic within their own educational contexts. The study also shows the importance of effective communication and taking into consideration psychological support to strengthen the emotional integrity of the teachers.

Factors Impacting One-year Follow-up Visit Adherence after Bariatric Surgery in West China: A Mixed Methods Study

PurposeQuality follow-up (FU) is crucial after bariatric surgery. However, poor adherence after surgery is prevalent. This research aimed to explore the factors related to FU adherence after bariatric surgery in West China.Materials and MethodsThis study used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design. Participants (n = 177) were identified from the West China Hospital. Demographic information, disease profile, treatment information, and post-surgery FU information were obtained from the bariatric surgery database of the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the West China Hospital. The survey data were analyzed using logistic regression. Semi-structured interviews with participants (n = 10) who had low adherence were conducted. The recording was transcribed verbatim and entered into qualitative data analysis software. Qualitative data were analyzed using a content analysis approach.ResultsMultiple logistic regression revealed that living in Chengdu (OR, 2.308), being employed (OR, 2.532), non-smoking (OR, 2.805), and having less than five years of obesity (OR, 2.480) were positive predictors of FU adherence within one year. Semi-structured interviews suggested that factors related to adherence to FU were lack of motivation, lack of opportunity, insufficient ability, and beliefs regarding consequences.ConclusionFactors impacting one-year FU visit adherence after bariatric surgery include not only demographic and disease-related factors but also social and family factors. These results will provide evidence to support healthcare professionals in developing personalized postoperative FU management strategies.Graphical