P2P Users Research Articles

Ktor-Faktor Potensial dalam Adopsi Fintech Lending di Kota Batam

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) fintech services are increasingly popular in line with the government's tangible form and accelerated penetration of people who are not yet fully accessible by banking institutions. However, the acceptance of P2P technology by the public does not only depend on government regulations but also needs to understand its users' perspectives and knowledge so they can adapt to digital transformation in the financial services industry. This study aims to identify the potential factors that influence the attitude and adoption of fintech by P2P users in Batam City. The research sample was taken using the purposive sampling method, with a total sample that met the criteria of as many as 365 of the 422 respondents collected via Google form. All data were analyzed using the Smart PLS 3 program. The results prove that perceived usefulness, ease of use, risk, user innovativeness and government support significantly influence attitudes toward the intention to adopt fintech. Meanwhile, financial literacy does not affect users' attitudes toward adopting fintech. This research contributes to the literature on fintech adoption by expanding TAM and is expected to provide valuable insights.

Strategy to Increase Financial Literacy in Indonesia by Capitalize on Peer to Peer Lending

Indonesia's financial literacy index does not match the financial inclusion index, which means that more people have access to financial products and services than people with the skills to make sound financial decisions. These people who do not have enough knowledge to make sound financial decisions can impact the individual and the whole economy for the worse. Therefore, the financial literacy index has to match the financial inclusion index. Currently, the financial literacy index of Indonesia is 38%, and the financial inclusion index is 76%. P2P lending could potentially become tools to increase financial literacy because, in Indonesia, a significant segment does not have access to credit. This research used the framework of OECD/INFE (2018) to measure the financial literacy score of P2P users, qualitative descriptive analysis to analyze the user's reason for using and hurdles in using P2P lending, and the preference for the strategy to increase financial literacy. This research uses linear regression analysis to determine the relationship between the usage of P2P lending and financial literacy. The result shows that the usage of P2P lending has a positive impact on financial literacy scores and index. The main hurdles and challenges in using P2P lending are the inability to pay back the principal, risk in using P2p, and trust in data security. Finally, the recommended strategies to increase financial literacy are online learning videos, financial education curricula, financial education websites, offline events, social media education, exploratorily learning, and offline learning.

Peer-to-peer accommodation risk perceptions and risk-reduction strategies: A cross-cultural perspective

This paper compares consumers from China and the US in terms of their risk perceptions of peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation and their risk-reduction strategies. Data were collected from 125 interviews with consumers in China and the US. Thematic analysis was employed to identify themes. This study found that the American interviewees were more concerned about privacy and legal and liability risks than their Chinese counterparts, while the latter were more concerned about social risks, equipment risks, and performance/satisfaction risks. The risk-reduction strategies of American interviewees focused more on protecting personal wealth and avoiding legal liability issues, whereas Chinese interviewees opted for properties with higher prices to avoid unforeseen risks. This study contributes to the sharing economy literature and provides practical implications to governments, P2P accommodation marketers, hosts, and users.

Buying to share: How prosumption promotes purchases in peer-to-peer asset sharing

Advocates of the sharing economy cite sharing as a viable alternative to asset purchases and ownership. However, Peer-to-peer (P2P) asset sharing, as a service innovation in the sharing economy, enables consumers to capitalize on their asset ownership by providing others with access to those assets for a fee. These prosumers acquire and consume the asset but also provide it as a service sold to others. In exploring the connection between prosumers and asset manufacturers, this study particularly notes the implications of prosumption for initial asset acquisition. A review of existing P2P asset sharing initiatives, three focus groups, and two experimental studies illustrate a positive effect of prosumption on willingness to acquire an asset from manufacturers, especially expensive assets. These results challenge the conventional notion that sharing is exclusively an alternative to ownership. A mediation analysis further indicates that reduced burdens of ownership can explain the positive link between prosumption and willingness to purchase assets from manufacturers. As another novel contribution, this study reveals an interdependency between prosumers and P2P service users, such that prosumers consider their own and also other P2P users’ brand preferences when acquiring assets. In summary, and contrary to conventional wisdom, promoting prosumption via P2P asset sharing might increase sales by manufacturers.

Anchor Vertex Selection for Enhanced Reliability of Traffic Offloading Service in Edge-Enabled Mobile P2P Social Networks

As the rapid growth of mobile social networks, mobile peer-to-peer (P2P) communications and mobile edge computing (MEC) have been developed to reduce the traffic load and improve the computation capacity of cellular networks. However, the stability of social network is largely ignored in the advances of P2P and MEC, which is related to the social relations between users. It plays a vital role in improving the efficiency and reliability of traffic offloading service. In this paper, we integrate an edge node and the nearby P2P users as a mobile P2P social network and introduce the problem of adaptive anchored (k,r)-core to maintain the stability of multiple mobile P2P networks. It aims to adaptively select and retain a set of critical users for each network, whose participation is critical to overall stability of the network, and allocate certain resource for them so that the maximum number of users of all networks will remain engaged and the traffic of cellular network can be minimized. We called the retained users as anchor vertices. To address it, we devise a peer-edge-cloud framework to achieve the adaptive allocation of resources. We also develop a similarity based onion layers anchored (k,r)-core (S-OLAK) algorithm to explore the anchor vertices. Experimental results based on a real large-scale mobile P2P data set demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

A Stochastic Analytical Modeling Framework on ISP–P2P Collaborations in Multidomain Environments

Cooperation between peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays and underlying networks has been proposed as an effective approach to improve the efficiency of both the applications and the underlying networks. However, fundamental characteristics with respect to Internet service providers (ISP) business relationships and inter-ISP routing information are not sufficiently investigated in the context of collaborative ISP–P2P paradigms in multidomain environments. In this paper, we focus on such issues and develop an analytical modeling framework for analyzing optimized interdomain peer selection schemes concerning ISP policies, with the main purpose of mitigating cross-ISP traffic and enhancing service quality of end users. In addition, we introduce an advanced hybrid scheme for peer selections based on the proposed analytical theory framework, in accordance with practical network scenarios, wherein cooperative and noncooperative behaviors coexisting. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme incorporating ISP policies is able to achieve desirable network efficiency as well as great service quality for P2P users. Our analytical modeling framework can be used as a guide for analyzing and evaluating future network-aware P2P peer selection paradigms in general multidomain scenarios.

Experiencing P2P accommodations: Anecdotes from Chinese customers

This study explores the key dimensions and attributes of Chinese customers’ experiences with peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodations through Airbnb in China. Thirty-four in-depth interviews were conducted with Airbnb customers. Results suggest that seven dimensions underpin the customer experience with P2P accommodations: physical utility, sensorial experience, core service, guest-host relationship, sense of security, social interaction, and local touch. This indicates that unlike traditional commercial hotels, P2P accommodations appeal to customers to a larger extent for their social and cultural characteristics. Implications are provided for stakeholders, including P2P accommodation practitioners and users, to co-create experiential value.

Locality-Awareness and Replication for an Adaptive CHORD to MANet

Structured peer-to-peer (P2P) systems have shown over time a high performance to P2P users. They are typically applied on Internet and wired networks. On the other hand, the evolution of mobile devices and the popularity of infrastructure-less wireless networks as mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET), make of them an interesting underlay for P2P overlays. However, their energy consumption stills a critical element with limited-energy batteries, and the most principal cause of energy consumption is the immense overhead. The aim of this work is to apply the Chord protocol on MANET underlay, in order to benefit from the efficient content-sharing process and the infrastructure-less mobility. At the same time, this work aims to conserve a good level of energy consumption and network lifetime. Therefore, it proposes a novel mechanism of locality awareness and replication of data that attempts to improve the lookup efficiency and reduce the traffic overhead.

P2P Traffic Optimization Based on Dynamic Network Information Aware

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) service may damage the interests of Internet Service Provider (ISP) because P2P traffic usually takes a lot of network link bandwidth and even overwhelms some network links. Aimed at the problem, mainstream solutions are usually optimizing P2P traffic through the interaction between applications and underlying network. However, current solutions still have two aspects of defects: one is that the interacted underlying network status information is immutable and can’t reflect the real-time dynamic changes because it is usually configured by ISP. The other is that some solutions may cause excessive traffic localization, which may greatly influence other services in the local network. In order to improve the above two defects and provide P2P users with better service experience, we propose an enhanced application layer traffic optimization scheme, in which more valuable network status information of underlying network is dynamically calculated and provided to P2P application. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our P2P traffic optimization scheme is superior to other solutions in terms of available bandwidth, resource transmission delay and user service experience.

A methodology for profiling paraphilic interest in Child Sexual Exploitation Material users on peer-to-peer networks

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the development of a novel methodology for profiling paraphilic interest in the search behaviour of users of online “peer-to-peer” (P2P) networks – a major vector for the exchange of Child Sexual Exploitation Material (CSEM). The profiling methodology focuses on problematic paraphilic interests, involving illegal or non-consensual activities associated with the sexual victimisation of children. This work extends an earlier typal analysis carried out by Hammond et al. (2009. An examination of problematic paraphilic use of peer to peer facilities. In Advances in the analysis of online paedophile activity (pp. 65–73). Paris: MAPAP Project) in which a distinct problematic paraphilic typology was uncovered in the search behaviours of P2P users. The methodology described focuses on the subsequent development of a latent class model that underpins the operation of the profiling application. The composite profiling process is described. Finally, we discuss the prospective applications of this profiling process and the implications of our methodological design. We identify a series of recommendations for future research and for the design of profiling and risk appraisal processes with application to online CSEM offending behaviour.

From neurons to epidemics: How trophic coherence affects spreading processes.

Trophic coherence, a measure of the extent to which the nodes of a directed network are organised in levels, has recently been shown to be closely related to many structural and dynamical aspects of complex systems, including graph eigenspectra, the prevalence or absence of feedback cycles, and linear stability. Furthermore, non-trivial trophic structures have been observed in networks of neurons, species, genes, metabolites, cellular signalling, concatenated words, P2P users, and world trade. Here, we consider two simple yet apparently quite different dynamical models-one a susceptible-infected-susceptible epidemic model adapted to include complex contagion and the other an Amari-Hopfield neural network-and show that in both cases the related spreading processes are modulated in similar ways by the trophic coherence of the underlying networks. To do this, we propose a network assembly model which can generate structures with tunable trophic coherence, limiting in either perfectly stratified networks or random graphs. We find that trophic coherence can exert a qualitative change in spreading behaviour, determining whether a pulse of activity will percolate through the entire network or remain confined to a subset of nodes, and whether such activity will quickly die out or endure indefinitely. These results could be important for our understanding of phenomena such as epidemics, rumours, shocks to ecosystems, neuronal avalanches, and many other spreading processes.

Secure Data Access in P2P Cloud Using ABAC

To be able to identify own user's trust can be a growing concern pertaining to ensuring privacy along with protection throughout a good cloud computing environment. Within cloud, user's details is actually stored with solitary as well as more remote server(s) in which poses more security challenges for the system. One of your almost all clicks concerns will be to protect user's sensitive information from different users and also hackers This may cause details leakage in cloud storage. Agent can play a good key role inside bringing correct cloud providers on the client Based on its requirements. Within agent based cloud computing, agent does negotiation, coordination, cooperation AND collaboration on behalf of your client to make your decisions in efficient manner. This paper proposes a new security technique in cloud base p2p system. We introduce a security agent who acts between cloud p2p and data users. The experimental results show that our proposed system performs better than existing techniques.

Towards Secure P2P Network: Degenerated Node Identification and Evaluation

The security improvement of service provided by peer-to-peer (P2P) network has been widely studied. Se- curity issue of P2P is mainly related to the users of P2P services and threat of malicious software. Especially, some malicious software could threaten other P2P users and even threaten the security of the entire P2P network. In this paper, based on the analytical hierarchy process, a degenerated node evaluation model has been proposed to evaluate the node resource usage of the P2P. Moreover, an attribute clustering based collaborative filtering algorithm is de- picted for calculating the similarities between the identified degenerated node and all other nodes within a hybrid autonomous cluster. The algorithm utilizes similarity characteristics of node task resource attributes, especially CPU related attributes, to filter redundant data by feature selection. Experiments show that, the proposed model and method is feasible and has the vital significance for providing decision support and recommendation to the search node. It is practical for secure computing of P2P network.

A Router-Aided Hierarchical P2P Traffic Localization Based on Variable Additional Delay Insertion

Most peer-to-peer (P2P) systems build their own overlay networks for implementing peer selection strategies without taking into account the locality on the underlay network. As a result, a large quantity of traffic crossing internet service providers (ISPs) or autonomous systems (ASes) is generated on the Internet. Controlling the P2P traffic is therefore becoming a big challenge for the ISPs. To control the cost of the cross-ISP/AS traffic, ISPs often throttle and/or even block P2P applications in their networks. In this paper, we propose a router-aided approach for localizing the P2P traffic hierarchically; it features the insertion of additional delay into each P2P packet based on geographical location of its destination. Compared to the existing approaches that solve the problem on the application layer, our proposed method does not require dedicated servers, cooperation between ISPs and P2P users, or modification of existing P2P application software. Therefore, the proposal can be easily utilized by all types of P2P applications. Experiments on P2P streaming applications indicate that our hierarchical traffic localization method not only reduces significantly the inter-domain traffic but also maintains a good performance of P2P applications.

File-aware P2P traffic classification: An aid to network management

As P2P dominates Internet traffic in recent years, ISPs are striving to balance between providing the basic networking services for P2P users and properly managing network bandwidth usage. That is, ISPs are required to provide proper bandwidth for each P2P user to get every file to fulfill their provision for communications, while they have to control bandwidth consumption for efficient usage. However, current P2P traffic management strategies are unable to satisfy both requirements. In this paper, our goal is to design a simple and effective scheme for ISPs to moderate the tradeoff. It is achieved by proposing a file-aware P2P traffic classification method that can identify files and the associated flows. The file-level information can lead to more efficient and flexible management strategies on a per-file basis. We offer two alternatives: constraining the per-file bandwidth consumption and the number of per-file concurrent flows. Finally, a real-life trace is measured using our file-aware method from the perspectives of peers and files. The results indicate that ISPs can gain enough opportunities to flexibly choose proper traffic manage parameters according to actual demands.

A research on dynamic allocation of network resources based on P2P traffic planning

With the rapid development of P2P applications, its consumption of bandwidth resources brought increasing pressures to ISPs. How to manage P2P traffic efficiently, both to improve the efficiency of network and to protect the interests of P2P users, is widely concerned by industry and academia. Although some traffic planning scheme to the P2P apps such as P4P can alleviate the pressure on bandwidth resources to some extent, it requires deep cooperation between ISPs and P2P service providers. Therefore it has some limitations to independent DPI strategies. In addition, there is no flow planning strategies which can rapidly response to ISPs’ QOS requirements such as sudden changes of bandwidth reservation and so on. This paper analyses current mainstream P2P optimization strategies, and then put forward a network resources dynamic allocation (NRDA) technology based on the deployment of P2P traffic stand on the ISPs’ position. This technology enables ISPs to have the ability to manage the P2P traffic on the specified links independently and efficiently, especially for the rapid response of unexpected resource requirements. NRDA implements an overall planning of network resources and makes the network flexible, provides the resource planning ability to the ISPs.

An anonymous DRM scheme for sharing multimedia files in P2P networks

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems enable efficient multimedia file sharing and are inherently scalable on the Internet. However, the absence of a centralized authority and a suitable Digital Right Management (DRM) mechanism prompts many securities-related challenges and discourages the widespread use of P2P networks for distributing copyright-protected multimedia files. To address these issues, we adopt the concept of a group Diffie-Hellman group key and threshold scheme to propose a novel anonymous DRM scheme for P2P users that wish to share multimedia files. Our scheme has four features: (1) the P2P users remain anonymous while sharing their files, (2) no online server is needed to perform the DRM operations, (3) an adjustable mechanism exists for efficiently distributing multimedia files with different popularities, and (4) users enjoy low communication and computation costs. In addition to explaining the operations of this scheme, we also compare its performance and security with Zhang et al.'s design, TLMS and Lua's Scheme within the context of this study.

P2P on Campus: Who, What, and How Much

This Article presents findings from a large-scale quantitative assessment of online exchanges of copy righted material on a college campus based on network data collected using deep packet inspection. Findings sh ow that use of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) to transfer copyrighted content is widespread on campus, although observed P2P is declining. In a month-long period in Spring 2008, 40% of students living on campus were observed engaging in P2P and 70% of those were detected attempting to transfer copyrighted content. Compared to Spring 2007, there was a 10% decrease in the daily percentage of detected P2P users and a 20% decrease in the daily percentage of P2P users detected attempting to transfer copyrighted content. P2P activity was detected across all genders, ages, classes and majors, and the observed decline was fairly uniform across demographics, except that P2P usage is high among freshmen in their first month on campus, and falls in subsequent semesters, indicating students became P2 P users prior to college. The effect of this widespread P2P usage on content sales is complex. While 22% of P2P users purchased content from the iTunes Store (iTS), each buying on average about as much content as iTS customers w ho didn’t use P2P, 10% of P2P users only sampled conte nt from the iTS, but did not buy. The fact that many students use both P2P and iTS shows that factors other than price and fear of lawsuits come to play in users’ decisions, and content sellers might take advantage of such factors to win back some of their potential customers from P2P. As for the content itself, P2P users transferred a diverse mix including music, video and software. Music and video transfer red over P2P show a heavy-tailed distribution of popularity, with less popular content accounting for a significant share of transfers. Moreover, for video, the importance o f less popular content is growing. This indicates that a legal seller may need a large inventory to compete with P2P

Cooperation Among Members of Online Communities

Today some of the most popular and successful applications over the Internet are based on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) solutions. Online Social Networks (OSN) represent a stunning phenomenon too, involving communities of unprecedented size, whose members organize their relationships on the basis of social or professional friendship. This work deals with a P2P video streaming platform and focuses on the performance improvements that can be granted to those P2P nodes that are also members of a social network. The underpinning idea is that OSN friends (and friends of friends) might be more willing to help their mates than complete strangers in fetching the desired content within the P2P overlay. Hence, an approach is devised to guarantee that P2P users belonging to an OSN are guaranteed a better service when critical conditions build up, i.e., when bandwidth availability is scarce. Different help strategies are proposed, and their improvements are numerically assessed, showing that the help of direct friends, two-hops away friends and, in the limit, of the entire OSN community brings in considerable advantages. The obtained results demonstrate that the amount of delivered video increases and the delay notably decreases, for those privileged peers that leverage their OSN membership within the P2P overlay.

Monitoring the Impact of P2P Users on a Broadband Operator's Network over Time

Since their emergence peer-to-peer (P2P) applications have been generating a considerable fraction of the over all transferred bandwidth in broadband networks. Residential broadband service has been moving from one geared towards technology enthusiasts and early adopters to a commodity for a large fraction of households. Thus, the question whether P2P is still the dominant application in terms of bandwidth usage becomes highly relevant for broadband operators. In this work we present an adaption to a previously published method for classifying broadband users into a P2P- and a non-P2P group based on the amount of communication partners ("peers") they have in a dedicated timeframe. Based on this classification, we derive their impact on network characteristics like the number of active users and their aggregate bandwidth. Privacy is assured by anonymization of the data and by not taking into account the packet payloads. We apply our method to real operational data collected 2007 and 2010, respectively, from a major German DSL provider's access link which transported all traffic each user generates and receives. In 2010 the fraction of P2P users clearly decreased compared to previous years. Nevertheless we find that P2P users are still large contributors to the total amount of traffic seen especially in upstream direction. However in 2010 the impact from P2P on the bandwidth peaks in the busy hours has clearly decreased while other applications have a growing impact, leading to an increased bandwidth usage per subscriber in the peak hours. Further analysis also reveals that the P2P users' traffic still does not exhibit strong locality. We compare our findings to those available in the literature and propose areas for future work on network monitoring, P2P applications, and network design.