Oxidative Stress Status In Patients Research Articles

Evaluating SORT1 and SESN1 genes expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and oxidative stress status in patients with coronary artery disease

BackgroundCoronary artery disease (CAD) significantly contributes to global fatalities. Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial roles of sortilin1 (SORT1) and sestrin1 (SESN1) in lipid metabolism, as well as their involvement in the development of CAD. The aberrant expression or activity of SORT1 can consequently lead to metabolic and vascular diseases. Sestrins, including SESN1, play a crucial role in helping cells survive by maintaining metabolic balance while also reducing oxidative stress (OS). OS contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis-related diseases, such as CAD. The study aimed to compare the gene expression of SORT1 and SESN1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), alongside serum OS markers, in CAD patients and controls.MaterialsThe case-control study included 49 CAD patients and 40 controls. The expression of the SORT1 and SESN1 genes was quantified using qRT-PCR, and the expression of the SORT1 protein was evaluated by western blotting. OS markers, including total oxidation status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods.ResultsSORT1 gene and protein expressions were similar between groups. CAD patients had a non-significant decrease in SESN1 gene expression. MDA levels were significantly higher in CAD patients, whereas TOS and TAC levels did not differ significantly.ConclusionFor atherosclerosis-related disorders like CAD, MDA shows potential as a non-invasive, easy-to-use, affordable, and stable biomarker. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise roles of SORT1 and SESN1 in CAD pathogenesis.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Heavy Metals (Cadmium, Arsenic, and Lead) and Metallothionein in Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders. Metals are important for the maintenance and preservation of homeostasis and dysregulated metal homeostasis has an impact on neurodegeneration. Environmental factors are considered to contribute to MS risk and progression. Heavy metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are widely found in the environment and because of their toxic nature, they pose a great danger to human health. Metallothioneins (MTs) play important roles in metal homeostasis and detoxification of heavy metals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between levels of heavy metals (As, Cd, and Pb) andMT levels in MS patients and also to assess the oxidative stress status of patients. Fifty subjects (20 healthy subjects and 30 MS patients) were included. Demographic characteristics of the patients, plasma MT levels, blood Cd, As, and Pb levels, as well as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) levels, were determined. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were investigated as a marker of oxidative stress. MT levels were slightly higher in the MS group (p > 0.05). As Cd and Pb levels were significantly higher in the control subjects. MDA levels were significantly higher in MS patients. Our results support the relevance of MT and MDA levels in MS. Further clinical studies with larger cohorts will provide more insights into these factors.

Impaired Cholesterol Efflux Capacity rather than Low HDL-C Reflects Oxidative Stress under Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) causes irreversible damage to cardiomyocytes due to the discontinuation of oxygen supply and leads to systemic oxidative stress. It has been reported that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles have antioxidant capacity, and reduced antioxidant capacity is associated with decreased cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). The purpose of this study was to clarify the usefulness of CEC measurement in patients with AMI. We investigated the association between CEC and oxidative stress status in a case-control study. This study included 193 AMI cases and 445 age- and sex-matched controls. We examined the associations of CEC with HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and oxidized human serum albumin (HSA), an index of systemic oxidative stress status, and the effect of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 polymorphism, which has been reported to affect HDL-C level and risk for MI, on these associations. Both bivariable and multivariable analyses showed that CEC was positively correlated with HDL-C levels in both AMI cases and controls, with a weaker correlation in AMI cases than in controls. In AMI cases, oxidized HSA levels were associated with CEC in both bivariable and multivariable analyses, but not with HDL-C. These associations did not differ among the ALDH2 genotypes. CEC, but not HDL-C level, reflects systemic oxidative stress status in patients with AMI. CEC measurement for patients with AMI may be useful in that it provides information on systemic oxidative stress status as well as atherosclerosis risk.

Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Foods on Lipids and Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Hyperlipidemia: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Hyperlipidemia has been demonstrated to be an autonomous predictor of numerous cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ailments, and research indicates that polyphenols have preventive and therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia. Nevertheless, the impact of polyphenol-rich foods on blood lipids and oxidative stress status in patients with hyperlipidemia remains inconclusive. To examine the impact of polyphenol-rich foods on lipid levels and oxidative stress in individuals with hyperlipidemia. To retrieve papers published from the establishment of the database through October 9, 2023, eight databases were searched: the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the China Biomedical Literature Database, the Wanfang Database, the China Science and Technology Journal Database, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and the Web of Science. The quality of include studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Randomized Trials tool, v2. The study involved 13 surveys encompassing 640 patients diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. The scope of the food surveys included 12 commonly consumed food groups and medicinal and food homologous substances. All 13 studies reported the effects of polyphenol-rich foods on blood lipids, with significant improvements observed in blood lipid levels for 9 types of foods. Eight studies examined the impact on oxidative stress, and six foods demonstrated a significant reduction in oxidative stress levels. The observed effects were found to be influenced by factors such as dosage, duration of intervention, and gender. Foods abundant in polyphenols play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia by counteracting oxidative stress and regulating metabolic disorders. The confirmation of certain positive effects by several studies notwithstanding, discrepancies in results arise from various factors, necessitating further large-scale, prospective, well-designed randomized controlled studies to address this issue.

Discovering the Potential Value of Coenzyme Q10 as an Adjuvant Treatment in Patients With Depression.

Depressive disorder or mental cold is the most common mental disorder, and depression exists all over the world and in all countries and cultures. The results of several studies have shown that using compounds with antioxidant properties has been fruitful in patients with depression. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble antioxidant and exerts its antioxidant effect by directly neutralizing free radicals or reducing tocopherol and preventing the inhibition of mitochondrial activity because of oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral CoQ10 in patients with depression as an adjunctive treatment. Sixty-nine patients with moderate and severe depression were randomly divided into 2 CoQ10 groups (36) and placebo (33). The first group of patients received CoQ10 supplements at a dose of 200 mg daily for 8 weeks along with standard interventions and treatments for depression, and the second group received standard treatments for depression along with a placebo. The change in the score of Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale depression scale was evaluated 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention. Also, at baseline and 8 weeks later at the end of the study, serum levels of total antioxidant capacity, total thiol groups, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and interleukin 6 were assessed. The changes in the depression score at the end of the study showed that, in the group receiving the CoQ10 supplement after 8 weeks, there was a reduction in depression symptoms, which was statistically significant compared with before the start of the study Meanwhile, no significant changes were observed in the patients of the placebo group in terms of symptom reduction. Compared with baseline and the placebo condition, serum levels of nitric oxide and total thiol groups significantly decreased and increased, respectively. Also, no statistically significant changes were observed for interleukin 6, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity. A dose of 200 mg of CoQ10 supplement daily for 8 weeks can reduce depression and fatigue, as well as improve the quality of life of patients with depression. In addition, CoQ10 can significantly improve inflammation and oxidative stress status in patients with depression.

Albumin Thiolation and Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Aortic Valve Stenosis.

Recent evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species play an important causative role in the onset and progression of valvular diseases. Here, we analyzed the oxidative modifications of albumin (HSA) occurring on Cysteine 34 and the antioxidant capacity of the serum in 44 patients with severe aortic stenosis (36 patients underwent aortic valve replacement and 8 underwent a second aortic valve substitution due to a degenerated bioprosthetic valve), and in 10 healthy donors (controls). Before surgical intervention, patients showed an increase in the oxidized form of albumin (HSA-Cys), a decrease in the native reduced form (HSA-SH), and a significant reduction in serum free sulfhydryl groups and in the total serum antioxidant activity. Patients undergoing a second valve replacement showed levels of HSA-Cys, free sulfhydryl groups, and total antioxidant activity similar to those of controls. In vitro incubation of whole blood with aspirin (ASA) significantly increased the free sulfhydryl groups, suggesting that the in vivo treatment with ASA may contribute to reducing oxidative stress. We also found that N-acetylcysteine and its amide derivative were able to regenerate HSA-SH. In conclusion, the systemic oxidative stress reflected by high levels of HSA-Cys is increased in patients with aortic valve stenosis. Thiol-disulfide breaking agents regenerate HSA-SH, thus paving the way to the use these compounds to mitigate the oxidative stress occurring in the disease.

Evaluation of the dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in patients with chronic venous insufficiency

ObjectiveThere is no study in the literature evaluating the dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Thus, we designed this study to evaluate the dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis as a novel indicator of oxidative stress in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. MethodsThis was a prospective case-control study performed at the department of cardiovascular surgery of a tertiary referral hospital in Turkey. A total of 80 (CEAP C3-C6) patients with lower extremity chronic venous insufficiency (as the study group) and 80 healthy subjects (as the control group) were enrolled to the study. The participants’ basic demographic and clinical characteristics as well as serum levels of some laboratory parameters including albumin, ferroxidase, myeloperoxidase, native thiol, total thiol, disulphide, native thiol/total thiol, disulphide/native thiol, and disulphide/total thiol were determined, and then compared between the groups. ResultsIn terms of basic demographic and clinical characteristics, both groups were statistically similar, and there were no significant differences between the groups. When the laboratory parameters were considered, serum ferroxidase and myeloperoxidase levels were detected to be significantly higher, whereas albumin, native thiol, total thiol, and disulphide levels were detected to be significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. ConclusionsDynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis could be considered as an indicator reflecting the oxidative stress status in patients with chronic venous insufficiency.

Cytokine profile and antioxidants status in the moderate and severe COVID-19 patients: a trial of ozone therapy impact as a medicinal supplement.

Complementary ozone therapy has been identified as a revolutionary medical technique for a number of goals and ailments. At the present, it has been shown that ozone has medicinal qualities, such as antibacterial,antifungal, andantiparasiticproperties. Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is quickly spread over the globe. Cytokine storms and oxidative stress seem to play a substantial role in the most of acute attacks of the disease. The aim of this research was to assess the therapeutic advantages of complementary ozone therapy on the cytokine profile and antioxidant status in COVID-19 patients. The statistical sample of this study included two hundred patients with COVID-19. One hundred COVID-19 patients (treatment group) received 240ml of the patient's blood and an equal volume of O2/O3 gas at a concentration of 35-50μg/ml daily, which gradually increased in concentration, and were kept for 5-10days and one hundred patients (control group) received standard treatment. The secretion levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10 cytokines, SOD, CAT and GPx were compared between control patients (standard treatment) and standard treatment plus intervention (ozone) before and after treatment. The findings indicated a significant decrease in the level of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β in group receiving complementary ozone therapy in compared with control group. Furthermore, a significant increase was found in the level of IL-10 cytokine. Moreover, SOD, CAT and GPx levels revealed a significant increase in complementary ozone therapy group compared to control group. Our results revealed that complementary ozone therapy can be used as a medicinal complementary therapy to reduce and control inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress status in patients with COVID-19 as revealed its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity and serum 8-OHdG in patients with schizophrenia.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity serves as an indicator for dietary quality and reflects daily antioxidant intake. This study aimed to determine the oxidative stress status of patients with schizophrenia and to examine the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker for oxidative stress. This study was conducted in Turkey and involved 40 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed., and 30 healthy controls matched for age and gender. The participants' sociodemographic characteristics and nutritional habits were determined through face-to-face interviews and through the use of questionnaires. The dTAC and dietary oxidative balance scores were calculated using a three-day dietary intake record. 8-OHdG levels were analyzed in the serum samples collected from the subjects. Dietary ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP-1, FRAP-2), Trolox equivalence antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (H-ORAC) values were lower in patients with schizophrenia than in the healthy controls (P < 0.05). Serum 8-OHdG levels were found similar in both groups (P > 0.05). Nutritional interventions are needed in patients with schizophrenia given that insufficient antioxidant intake may increase oxidative stress, which in turn affects disease development. Therefore, healthy nutrition, especially sufficient intake of dietary antioxidants, should be encouraged in patients with schizophrenia.

Alteration of Blood Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Thoracic Aortic Dissection: A Pilot Study.

Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening condition which usually occurs on an aneurysmal aortic wall. Although increasing data have shown that inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in the patho-physiology of dissection, systemic oxidative stress status (OSS) has not been clearly determined in patients suffering from TAD. A cohort of 115 patients presenting type A or B TAD were admitted to our center from 2013 to 2017. Out of this cohort, 46 patients were included in a study on dissected aorta (LIege study on DIssected Aorta: LIDIA). In 18 out of the 46 patients, systemic OSS parameters were evaluated after TAD diagnosis by determination of eight different antioxidants, four trace elements, two markers of oxidative lipid damage and two inflammatory markers. The 18 TAD patients included 10 men and 8 women (median age: 62 years; interquartile range: 55-68) diagnosed with type A (N = 8) or B (N = 10) TAD. Low plasma levels of vitamin C, β-carotene, γ-tocopherol, thiol proteins, paraoxonase and selenium were observed in these 18 patients. By contrast, the concentration of copper and total hydroperoxides, copper/zinc ratio, as well as inflammatory markers, were higher than the reference intervals. No difference was observed in oxidative stress biomarker concentrations between type A and B TAD patients. This pilot study, limited to 18 TAD patients, revealed a heightened systemic OSS, determined at 15.5 days (median) after the initial diagnosis, in those TAD patients without complications (malperfusion syndrome and aneurysm formation). Larger studies on biological fluids are needed to better characterize the oxidative stress and interpret its consequence in TAD disease.

Some Trace Elements and Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) is a complex polygenic, au- toimmune inflammatory disease. It was disturbing that almost 1-2% of people depended on that geographic spreading worldwide. R.A. can result from the interaction of genetic, environmental, and autoimmunity. It is characterized by non-organ-specific self-reactive antibody production and chronic synovitis leading to the damage of cartilage and bone. Objectives To evaluate the sera of trace elements and oxidative stress levels in patients detected with chronic rheumatoid arthritis. Determination of some trace elements such as copper, zinc, and iron in the sera of patients.Patients and Method A case-control study was done on the Iraqi population from Al-Najaf, an Iraqi city. Blood samples were collected from 135 volunteers from September 2021 to February 2022 from Al-Sadder Medical City (Al-Najaf). The 180 volunteers in our study were divided into two groups patient group consisting of 90 individuals ages range: (20–70 years), male and female, and a control group consisting of 45 individuals. Blood was drawn from the patients to measure the copper, zinc, and iron concentration level using the Colorimetric method technique.Results The average zinc concentration was lower in the patient’s group than in the reference category. The average copper concentration was more significant in the patient’s group than in the reference category. In addi- tion, the average Zn/Cu ratio was lower in the patient’s group compared to the reference category. There was no statistical variation in average serum iron between patients and the reference category. However, the average Zn/Fe ratio was lower in the patient’s group compared to the reference category control group.Conclusion Lower levels of zinc and a higher level of copper suggest a role for those trace elements on that pathogen of R.A.

Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation

Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation

Perioperative Oxidative Stress Prospectively Predicts CRPS-Related Outcomes in the 6 months Following Total Knee Arthroplasty

This project tested whether oxidative stress (OS) related to extended tourniquet application during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and subsequent ischemic reperfusion contributed to CRPS outcomes up to 6 month following TKA. Blood samples were obtained in 90 osteoarthritis patents (63.3% female; 95.6% Non-Hispanic White) undergoing TKA prior to tourniquet placement (T1), 45 minutes after tourniquet inflation (T2), and 15 minutes following tourniquet removal (T3). Plasma levels of F2-isoprostanes (IsoPs) and isofurans (IsoFs), the most specific measures of in vivo OS, were quantified. The primary OS measure was Combined OS (IsoPs+ IsoFs/2), which most accurately captures upstream OS processes independent of oxygen tension. CRPS outcomes included a continuous measure of CRPS symptom extent (CRPS Severity Score; CSS) and dichotomous CRPS diagnoses based on 2012 IASP diagnostic criteria. CRPS outcomes were assessed at 6 week and 6 month post-TKA follow-up. Results indicated that greater variability in Combined OS across T1-T3 predicted higher CSS scores at 6 week follow-up (p<.02). A CRPS diagnosis at 6 week follow-up was predicted by greater perioperative OS at T3 (p<.01), greater OS change from T1-T2 (p<.02), higher average OS across T1-T3 (p<.006), higher maximum OS across T1-T3 (p<.006), and greater variability in OS across T1-T3 (p<.02). Extent of CRPS symptoms at 6 month follow-up, which are more clearly interpretable as reflecting clinical CRPS, were predicted by greater increases in OS from T1 to T2 (p<.03), with a similar marginal trend (p<.08) for baseline pre-incision (T1) OS levels. Perioperative OS did not significantly predict CRPS diagnosis at 6 months. Results indicate that elevated perioperative OS status in patients undergoing TKA may increase risk for CRPS particularly in the early postoperative period. These findings implicate OS as a potential novel mechanism of CRPS risk in the surgical setting. R01AG048915 (SB) R01GM112871 (FTB) UL1 TR000445.

Clinical Significance of Serum Oxidative Stress Markers to Assess Disease Activity and Severity in Patients With Non-Segmental Vitiligo

Non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive depigmentation of the skin. Oxidative stress (OS) has been proposed as one among the main principal causes in the development and establishment of a sustained autoimmune state in patients with NSV. However, the disease-associated OS biomarkers in clinical practice are not well studied. In this study, we found significantly reduced antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and increased levels of lipid oxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidative DNA damage byproduct [8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] in serum of NSV patients compared with healthy controls (HC). Serum TAC, MDA, and 8-OHdG levels were correlated with disease activity in all patients with NSV and much lower in patients receiving conventional treatment in the past 1 year compared to that without treatment. In addition, both serum MDA and 8-OHdG levels were significantly correlated with CXCL10 expression in patients with NSV. And the serum TAC, MDA, and 8-OHdG levels were also correlated with affected body surface area and Vitiligo Area Scoring Index score in patients with NSV. This study demonstrates dysregulated OS status in patients with NSV and provides the evidence that the serum TAC, MDA, and 8-OHdG have a capacity to indicate the activity and severity in patients with NSV.

Genome-wide mRNA profiling identifies the NRF2-regulated lymphocyte oxidative stress status in patients with silicosis

BackgroundThe immunomodulatory abnormalities of silicosis are related to the lymphocyte oxidative stress state. The potential effect of antioxidant therapy on silicosis may depend on the variation in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-regulated antioxidant genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). As NRF2 is a redox-sensitive transcription factor, its possible roles and underlying mechanism in the treatment of silicosis need to be clarified.MethodsNinety-two male patients with silicosis and 87 male healthy volunteers were randomly selected. PBMCs were isolated from fresh blood from patients with silicosis and healthy controls. The lymphocyte oxidative stress state was investigated by evaluating NRF2 expression and NRF2-dependent antioxidative genes in PBMCs from patients with silicosis. Key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and signaling pathways were identified utilizing RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and bioinformatics technology. Gene set enrichment analysis was used to identify the differences in NRF2 signaling networks between patients with silicosis and healthy controls.ResultsThe number of monocytes was significantly higher in patients with silicosis than that of healthy controls. Furthermore, RNA-Seq findings were confirmed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and revealed that NRF2-regulated DEGs were associated with glutathione metabolism, transforming growth factor-β, and the extracellular matrix receptor interaction signaling pathway in PBMCs from patients with silicosis. The top 10 hub genes were identified by PPI analysis: SMAD2, MAPK3, THBS1, SMAD3, ITGB3, integrin alpha-V (ITGAV), von Willebrand factor (VWF), BMP4, CD44, and SMAD7.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that NRF2 signaling regulates the lymphocyte oxidative stress state and may contribute to fibrogenic responses in human PBMCs. Therefore, NRF2 might serve as a novel preventive and therapeutic candidate for silicosis.

Omega 3-rich Camelina sativa oil in the context of a weight loss program improves glucose homeostasis, inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with NAFLD: A randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Over the past few years, the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids have been reported in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) complications.This study evaluated the effects of Camelina sativa oil (CSO) supplementation as one of the richest dietary sources of omega-3 fatty acids on glucose homeostasis,inflammation, metabolic endotoxemia, and oxidative stress in NAFLD patients. A total of 46 patients with NAFLD were allocated to either an intervention (20g/d CSO) or placebo (20g/d sunflower oil) group receiving a calorie-restricted diet for 12weeks. Fasting plasma levels of glycemic indices, hs-CRP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), antioxidant enzymes activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and uric acid were measured at baseline and post-intervention. The CSO supplementation led to significant differences in insulin concentration, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hs-CRP, LPS, TAC, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, MDA and 8-iso-PGF2α between the two groups at end of the study (ANCOVA, P<.05). Hs-CRP decreased significantly in both groups (pair-t-test, P<.05). Insulin concentration, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, LPS, TAC, SOD, glutathione peroxidase activity, MDA and 8-iso-PGF2α changed significantly only in CSO group (P<.05). These findings indicate that CSO may improve glycemia, inflammation, metabolic endotoxemia, and oxidative stress status in patients with NAFLD.

Antioxidant activities and lipid peroxidation status in human follicular fluid: age-dependent change

Maternal age is a significant factor influencing in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the major causes of age-related cellular and molecular damage. The purpose of this work was to investigate the correlation between maternal age with intrafollicular antioxidants and OS markers in follicular fluid (FF), and also to determine the OS status in patients of advanced age. This study was a prospective study including 201 women undergoing IVF whose age was between 24 and 45 years old. FF samples were obtained from mature follicles at the time of oocyte retrieval. After treatment of FF, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione (GSH) level were evaluated using spectrophotometry. The results indicated that the age cutoff point for increasing the MDA level was fixed at 37 years, allowing the study to be differentiated into two age groups. Group I included patients whose age was less than 37 years, and group II included patients whose age was greater than or equal 37 years. Statistical analysis revealed that MDA and GSH levels and GR activity were significantly higher in group II compared with group I. The SOD and CAT activities were significantly less in group II compared with group I. We concluded that from 37 years old a reproductive ageing was accompanied by a change in the antioxidant pattern in FF that impaired reactive oxygen species scavenging efficiency.

Resveratrol as a plant type antioxidant modifier for polysulfone membranes to improve hemodialysis-induced oxidative stress

Resveratrol (RES) is a plant extract with excellent antioxidant, biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory and inhibition of platelet aggregation. RES-modified polysulfone (PSF) hemodialysis membranes have been fabricated using an immersion phase transformation method. The antioxidant properties of the blend membranes were evaluated in terms of their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS+), reactive oxygen species (ROS) free radicals scavenging, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of serum and lipid peroxidation inhibition. The observed results of decreasing DPPH and ABTS+ levels, scavenging ROS, significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation and improving the T-AOC of serum all contribute to the recovery of oxidative balance and the use of RES as an antioxidant modifier. The antioxidant stability of PSF/RES blend membranes was also studied. Moreover, the results of blood compatibility experiments showed that the addition of RES improved the blood compatibility of PSF membrane, inhibited the adhesion of red blood cells and platelets; inhibited complement activation; and reduced the blood cells deformation rate. The dialysis simulation experiment indicated that PSF/RES membrane (M-3) can clear 90.33% urea, 89.50% creatinine, 74.60% lysozyme and retention 90.47% BSA. All these results showed the new PSF/RES blend membranes have potential to be used in the field of hemodialysis to improve oxidative stress status in patients.

Can we reduce oxidative stress with liver transplantation?

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the blood serum of patients with cirrhosis and liver transplantation.MethodsIn this study, serum malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured spectrophotometrically and compared to the results of the healthy control group.ResultsSOD, CAT and GSH activities were significantly decreased in the patient groups compared to the healthy control group (p<0.05). MDA levels were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the healthy control group (p <0.05).ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study demonstrated that oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of liver cirrhosis and in liver transplantation. This study is the first one to show how MDA, SOD, CAT and GSH levels change in liver cirrhosis and liver transplantation, while further studies are essential to investigate antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress status in patients with cirrhosis and liver transplantation.

The importance of antioxidant status in gastric intestinal metaplasia.

BackgroundOxidative stress status in different cancer types was investigated before, but not studied in gastric intestinal metaplasia to the best of our knowledge. Purpose of this study is to examine whether there is a difference between oxidative stress status in patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) compared to individuals without IM, we compared the serum levels of disulfide (SS), total thiol (TT) and native thiol (NT).MethodsThis was a prospective, non-randomized casecontrol study including 67 patients with histopathologically confirmed IM and 60 individuals demographically matched in terms of age, gender, BMI, smoking status, and chronic diseases as control group.ResultsThe mean NT, TT and NT to TT (NT/TT) ratios were statistically significantly higher in IM group compared to controls ((351.71 ± 81.9 mol/L vs. 271.82 ± 54.13 mol/L, p=0.000), (391.5 ± 92.69 mol/L vs. 308.59 ± 55.53 mol/L, p=0.000) and (0.89 ± 0.6 vs. 0.87 ± 0.29, p=0.022), respectively). The mean SS to TT (SS/TT) ratio was significantly lower in IM group than control group (0.050 ± 0.31 vs. 0.060 ± 0.014, P=0.022). Median SS and mean SS/NT ratio was similar in both groups (16.3 (3.3-78) vs. 18.3 (10-32.7), p=0.271 and 0.055 ± 0.041 vs. 0.070 ± 0.019, p=0.068, respectively). In ROC analysis, cut off value of SS/NT for IM was found 0.062, in regression analysis, SS/NT <0.062 was found as an independently prognostic marker for IM (OR, 2.38; 95%CI: 1.168-4.865, P=0.017).ConclusionsSS/NT ratio lower than 0.062 was found as an independently prognostic marker for IM. This ratio could help to distinguish which patients should be followed closely for gastric cancer.