Oxidative Stress Parameters In Patients Research Articles

A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Oxidative Stress in Patients with Epilepsy Treated with Old and New Generation Antiseizure Medications.

Background and Objectives: Oxidative stress resulting from a disturbance of the endogenous redox system is suspected in numerous diseases of the central nervous system, including epilepsy. In addition, antiseizure medications (ASMs), especially those of the old generation, may further increase oxidative stress. To evaluate the effects of ASM generation on oxidative stress, we conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with epilepsy treated with old, new, and polytherapy. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, as well as the concentrations of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, nitrate, nitrite, and glutathione in reduced and oxidized forms, were measured in 49 patients with epilepsy and 14 healthy controls. In addition, the plasma concentrations of ASMs and metabolites of carbamazepine and valproic acid were measured in the patients. Results: Patients with epilepsy showed increased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase (p < 0.001), concentrations of glutathione disulfide and markers of nitric oxide metabolism (p < 0.001), and decreased activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione, and nitrite concentrations (p ≤ 0.005) compared to healthy controls. A comparison of ASM generations revealed increased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase (p ≤ 0.007) and decreased levels of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase (p ≤ 0.01) in patients treated with old ASMs compared to those treated with new generation ASMs. In addition, an increase in protein carbonyl and nitric oxide metabolites (p ≤ 0.002) was observed in patients treated with old generation ASMs compared to those treated with new generation ASMs. Most oxidative stress parameters in patients receiving polytherapy with ASMs were intermediate between the results of patients treated with the old and new generations of ASMs. Conclusions: An increase in oxidative stress markers and modulation of antioxidant enzyme activities was observed in patients with epilepsy compared to controls. The results of our study showed significantly higher oxidative stress in patients treated with old ASMs compared to those treated with new generation ASMs.

The relationship between BCG immunotherapy and oxidative stress parameters in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer

IntroductionEnvironmental chemicals have been associated with the regulation of oxidative stress markers, which have the potential for the development of bladder cancer. However, limited studies on the function of oxidative stress parameters and nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in therapy response are available. Here we studied the oxidative stress parameters in response to BCG immunotherapy in NMIBC patients. Material and MethodsA total of 120 patients with NMIBC and treatment with BCG were enrolled and categorized into 2 groups on BCG response, 50 patients were BCG-responsive (BCG-R) and 70 were BCG-nonresponsive (BCG-N). BCG-R have no evidence of tumor recurrence or advancement after 1 year of BCG immunotherapy, but BCG-N has a recurrence of tumor after 3 to 6 months cycles of BCG instillation, as determined by cystoscopy. In all groups, we measured the levels of oxidative stress markers- malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). ResultsThe levels of oxidative stress markers viz. MDA, NO, and SOD in the BCG-N group were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than in the BCG-R group. Furthermore, the data demonstrated a significant correlation between oxidative stress marker and NMIBC T1 high grade and tumor size >2.5 cm. However, no statistically significant difference was found between studied groups with CAT. ConclusionThe findings suggest that the carcinogenesis of NMIBC is associated with oxidative damage of biomolecules and indicates the involvement of oxidative stress markers in the development and recurrence of NMIBC.; Therefore, it is critical to ensure the management for T1 high grade and tumor size of >2.5 cm for antioxidant protection.

452P The relationship between BCG immunotherapy and oxidative stress parameters in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

452P The relationship between BCG immunotherapy and oxidative stress parameters in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

The еffects of low mineral content water on microbiota, metabolic, and oxidative stress parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Although scientific evidence has shown that natural mineral waters have potential beneficial metabolic effects, there is still very scarce data on their influence on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study was designed to investigate the effects of low mineral water from the “Sneznik-1/79″ source in Serbia on microbiota, metabolic, and oxidative stress parameters in patients with T2DM. In total, 60 patients with confirmed T2DM were included in the study, and they consumed “Sneznik-1/79″ water for 28 days. To examine the positive effects of “Sneznik-1/79″ water, we compared the results before and after the four weeks of “Sneznik-1/79″ water intake. Standard biochemical analyses were carried out, such as glucose level, lipid profile, and stool tests. The blood samples were collected to evaluate the effects of “Sneznik-1/79″ water on the redox status. At the end of the monitoring period, the total cholesterol concentration significantly dropped compared to the initial value. A significant improvement in intestinal peristalsis was observed, which was reflected in the fact that after four weeks, all patients established regular, daily bowel movements. Moreover, consumption of “Sneznik-1/79″ water eliminated the appearance of dysbiosis in 50% of patients. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity was improved by increasing the concentration of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione. The result of our study pointed out that the intake of “Sneznik-1/79″ water could be a promising adjuvant therapy for improving intestinal peristalsis as well as reducing the appearance of dysbiosis in T2DM patients.

167 Effects of different doses of vitamin D supplementation on immune, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in the blood serum of patients with multiple sclerosis – a review

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system associated with demyelination and neurodegeneration. In recent years, vitamin D has gained attention in the medical community following suggestions that there is a correlation between the level of serum vitamin D and the risk of multiple sclerosis, disease progression and activity. The aim of this article was to review recent literature describing the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the immune, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis. In clinical trials, vitamin D doses ranging from 800 IU/day to 14,000 IU/day were tested. Researchers noticed significant differences in the range of action of vitamin D. However, the overview of studies failed to yield a definite answer concerning an effective dose of vitamin D. We concluded that there was no clear evidence for the impact of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory parameters in multiple sclerosis patients, even though studies show consistently that the vitamin has an influence on the immune system and contributes to a reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. What is more, little is still known about the effects of vitamin D supplementation on oxidative stress, especially with regard to the potential effective dose. Consequently, more research is needed to gain a better understanding of this issue. There is increasing evidence on the significant role of vitamin D in patients with multiple sclerosis but there are as yet no global recommendations regarding the benefits of vitamin D supplementation and the supplementation dose. It is necessary to conduct further studies on the influence of vitamin D on disease activity due to its potential role as an add-on therapy in this group of patients or even as a preventative measure.

The effect of different anti-inflammatory treatment strategies on process of atherosclerosis in ankylosing spondylitis patients

Abstract Objectives Our aim in this study was to examine the effects of different anti-inflammatory treatment strategies on the process of atherosclerosis, which is an important cause of mortality in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients, by examining the possible effect of treatments on inflammation, lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters in patients with AS. Methods In this study, 32 healthy volunteers served as the control group in addition to a total of 76 AS patients who were divided into two groups according to whether they were receiving anti-TNF medications or not. We assessed the levels of inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid profile parameters, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), non-HDL cholesterol levels, BASDAI, and BASFI scores were also calculated. Results AS patient groups and the control group had similar lipid profile parameters, thiol-disulfide homeostasis metrics, non-HDL cholesterol, oxLDL, and AIP levels (p&gt;0.05). In contrast to AS patients receiving non-anti-TNF treatment, the BASDAI and BASFI scores, ESR, and CRP levels were lower in AS patients receiving anti-TNF treatment (p&lt;0.05). In contrast to the controls, AS patients demonstrated high TOS and OSI values (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions AS patients face increased oxidative stress that does not correlate with inflammatory status and disease activation level. Anti-TNF alpha treatment may reduce some risk factors of atherosclerotic CVD in AS patients.

THE EFFECT OF THERAPY WITH INSULIN ANALOGUES (ASPART AND GLARGINE) ON OXIDATIVE STRESS PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS.

There are evidences that excessive production of reactive oxygen species is one of important abnormalities that contribute to development of chronic diabetic complications. To test the effect of intensive insulin therapy with analogues through the examining the level of oxidative stress parameters. Comparison of data obtained by prospective analysis in 49 patients with T1DM was used, before and after six months of intensive insulin analog therapy. The values of all three investigated parameters of oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA); xanthine oxidase (XO) and nitrates and nitrites (NOx) in our population with T1DM compared to the control (group of 42 voluntary blood donors) are statistically higher. The levels of antioxidant protection parameters compared to the control group also differ; the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are statistically higher in our population of T1DM patients compared to the control and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities are statistically lower.The values of all three examined parameters of oxidative stress decrease after six months of intensive insulin analog therapy and were statistically lower after the therapy: for MDA p<0.001, for XO p<0.01 and for NOx p<0.05. The activities of catalase (p<0.001) and GPx (p<0.01) both decrease with therapy, while the activity of SOD is highest after the sixth month of therapy (p<0.001). In our patients with T1DM compared to the control the level of oxidative stress is significantly higher. Intensive insulin analog therapy with aspart and glargine promotes predominantly the improvement of oxidative stress, and in a less degree antioxidant protection.

Hematological Incidies May Predict Oxidative Stress in Patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Oxidative stress is closely related to the development of atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between hemogram indices and oxidative stress parameters in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. A single-centered, prospective, and cross-sectional study was performed in 61 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Before coronary angiography, in the blood samples taken from the peripheral vein, hemogram indices and oxidative stress parameters such as total oxidative status, total antioxidant status, and oxidative stress index were examined. We examined a total of 15 hemogram indices. Most of the study patients were male (78%), and the mean age was 59.3 �� 12.2 years. Mean corpuscular volume value was found to be negatively and moderately signi���cantly correlated with total oxidative status and oxidative stress index values (r = ���0.438, r = ���0.490, P <��0.001). A negative and moderate signi���cant correlation was found between mean corpuscular hemoglobin and total oxidative status and oxidative stress index values (r = ���0.487, r = ���0.433, P < 0.001). Red cell distribution width value was found to be positively and moderately correlated with total oxidative status (r = 0.537, P < 0.001). Red cell distribution width was also found to be moderately and statistically signi���cantly correlated with oxidative stress index value (r = 0.410, P = 0.001). In receiver operating characteristic analysis, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and red cell distribution width levels have been successful in predicting total oxidative status and oxidative stress index. We conclude that mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and red cell distribution width levels predict oxidative stress in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Serum Electrolyte Values and Blood Oxidative Stress Parameters in Patients with Focal and Generalized Epilepsy

Serum Electrolyte Values and Blood Oxidative Stress Parameters in Patients with Focal and Generalized Epilepsy

The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Identification of Risk Factors Using AIP and Castelli Atherogenicity Indicators in Patients with PCOS.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in females of reproductive age and may affect 5–14% of women. In women with PCO syndrome, metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other elements of metabolic syndrome may occur. Patients with PCOS often have overweight and obesity, especially abdominal obesity, which is one of the risk factors for developing atherosclerosis. The atherogenicity indicators of AIP (atherogenic index of plasma) and Castelli’s index are used to assess the risk of developing atherosclerosis. Studies have shown an increase in the concentration and activity of oxidative stress markers in patients with PCOS compared to women without the disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate oxidative stress parameters in patients with PCOS in relation to insulin resistance, BMI, and hyperandrogenemia and to correlate them with cardiovascular risk parameters. Conclusions: The severity of oxidative stress in women with PCOS correlates with exposure to cardiovascular diseases. The assessment of additional cardiovascular disease (CVD) parameters is useful in identifying the risk groups for cardiometabolic disease among PCOS patients. When additional risk factors such as hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance (IR) are present in patients with PCOS, it is reasonable to include preventive examinations early. It is also important to evaluate lipidograms, which will make it possible to determine indicators of atherogenicity. Patients with PCOS and IR are at particular risk for cardiovascular complications. PCOS should be considered an important risk factor for CVD, which occurs independently of the occurrence of obesity. This factor is related to the important role of insulin resistance, which occurs independently of obesity. Atherogenic factors (AIP and Castelli index) are useful additional parameters to assess the risk of cardiometabolic disease in PCOS patients, especially among groups with insulin resistance. The early detection of risk factors should be an integral part of the care of PCOS patients. In laboratory studies of women with PCOS, TG, TChol, HDL-c and LDL-c levels, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were most clearly correlated with exposure to cardiovascular disease.

The Effect of the Enteral Correction Program on Oxidative Stress Parameters in Patients with Poisoning with Psychopharmacological Agents or Corrosive Substances

RATIONALE Acute exogenous poisonings represent a serious medical problem due to the prevalence, severity of the course and high lethality. In their pathogenesis, an important place is given to oxidative stress (OS). Among modern methods of treatment of acute poisoning, the attention is drawn to approaches aimed at normalizing homeostatic indicators by cleansing the enteric environment, restoration of its barrier function.PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Assess the impact of the enteral correction program (ECP) on the parameters of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant systems in acute exogenous poisoning.MATERIAL AND METHODS 119 patients who underwent treatment at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, of which 45 were with severe acute poisoning with psychopharmacological agents (PPPA) and 74 with poisoning with corrosive substances (PCS). The two study groups consisted of 40 patients with PCS and 23 patients with PPPA, whose standard therapy was supplemented with ECP. The ECP included making intestinal lavage on admission, the introduction of glucosed saline enteral solution in the following days; and for patients with PCS the treatment also included enteral nutrition and Pektovit.The comparison groups included 56 people (34 with PCS and 22 with PPPA) comparable to the patients of the study groups by sex, age, the type and severity of poisoning poisoning treated with standard therapy The severity of OS was assessed by the KMDA/TAA index which was calculated by means of measuring the concentration of malonic dialdehyde (as an LPO parameter) and total antioxidant activity in the blood plasma of the patients. Serum levels of nitric oxide stable metabolites were also measured.The analysis of the results was performed with the regard to patient’s age.RESULTS In patients of working age, regardless of the toxicant type, LPO activation occurred, which was expressed with an increased KMDA/TAA by 1.4–1.8 times compared to the norm. Using ECP at the study stages contributed to maintaining this balance level between pro- and antioxidants. In patients of comparison groups there was an increase in the LPO system imbalance, while KMDA/TAA exceeded the norm by 2.2–2.4 times that was statistically signifi cantly different from the parameters in the study groups.Older patients showed decreased levels of LPO products, the total antioxidant activity compared to the normal for the age, and, as a result, a decrease in KMDA/TAA by 1.3–1.5 times in PCS and by 2–2.4 times in PPPA. This is due to the low adaptive potential of this category of patients. In this age group, ECP contributed to a moderate activation of LPO, which provided the trend towards normalization of OS parameters.CONCLUSIONS The use of the enterable correction program has a positive impact on the dynamics of oxidative stress parameters, ensuring the maintenance of oxidative processes at the level required for an adequate protective reaction of the body to chemical injury.

The effects of OSAS corrective surgery and anesthesia on inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

IntroductionOxidative stress and airway inflammation are important in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).We examined the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress parameters in patients without OSAS and grouped as mild, moderate, and severe OSAS according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). In addition, we investigated the changes in these parameters in patients whose airway obstruction was resolved by surgical treatment.Materials and methodThe groups included 18 patients with an AHI below 5 (group 1), 28 patients with an AHI between 5 and 15 (group 2), 25 patients with an AHI between 15 and 30 (group 3), and 30 patients with an AHI of over 30 (group 4).Blood samples were collected from patients following the induction of anesthesia (1st measurement), after the operation (2nd measurement), on the postoperative 3rd day (3rd measurement), and at the postoperative 2nd month (4th measurement). Arylesterase (ARE), paraoxonase (PON), nitrotyrosine (NT), leukocyte, CRP, and HDL were measured.ResultsThe inter-group comparisons revealed differences in the 3rd measurement of leukocyte count and CRP value, in the 3rd and 4th measurements of HDL (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the inter-group or intra-group comparisons for ARE, PON, and NT values (p > 0.05).ConclusionWe observed that CRP, HDL PON, ARE, NT levels, and the leukocyte count were not related to the severity of OSAS in patients with OSAS. The difference observed in CRP and leukocyte count may be due to the continuous effect of the inflammatory effect of surgery in the early post-operative period. We thought that the increase in HDL in all groups after the 5th postoperative day was due to the surgical correction of airway obstruction. As a result, we concluded that CRP, HDL, PON, ARE, NT, and leukocyte levels are not markers for OSAS.

Regulation of free radical processes in healthy volunteers during experimental hyperthermia and in patients with coronary artery disease during summer heat waves

Background. In view of the worsening forecast for global temperature rise worldwide, it seems relevant to study the effects of abnormal heat waves on systemic regulatory processes in people with chronic diseases, in particular coronary artery disease (CAD).Aims. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hyperthermia on oxidative stress parameters in patients with various severity of CAD and in healthy subjects.Materials and methods. We studied the level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of Cu,Zn-containing superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) in healthy subjects under conditions of 30-day long simulated hyperthermia and in patients with different severity of CAD after the summer heat wavesResults. We revealed signs of oxidative stress in healthy volunteers during model hyperthermia that manifested as an increase in content of MDA in blood plasma. At the same time we observed increasing activity of Cu,Zn-SOD in erythrocytes that utilizes reactive oxygen species. The increase of Cu,Zn-SOD activity started with a certain latency what also can be explained by de novo enzyme biosynthesis induction. We also studied oxidative stress parameters in patients at high and moderate cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE risk chart with uncomplicated CAD course and in patients with complicated CAD with severe coronary damage according to angiography during the summer heat waves. We observed accumulation of MDA in blood plasma and increasing activity of erythrocyte Cu,Zn-SOD in patients with uncomplicated CAD. At the same time we noted that accumulation of MDA in blood plasma was not followed by any increase in activity of red blood cell Cu,Zn-SOD in patients with severe complicated CAD. This fact indicates dysregulation of free radical processes in patients with severe course of CAD during the heat waves.Conclusions. The dysregulation of free-radical processes in patients with a severe clinical course of CAD has been revealed.

Presentation of cytokine profile in relation to oxidative stress parameters in patients with severe COVID-19: a case-control pilot study.

Introduction: COVID-19 can be worsened by hyper-production of cytokines accompanied by increased level of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between a set of cytokines and the markers of the oxidative stress. Methods: The levels of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL8, IL-10, VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1α, MCP-1 and EGF were determined by using High Sensitivity Evidence Investigator™ Biochip Array technology. The oxidative stress parameters (d-ROM, PAT, OS index) were measured in serum on FRAS5 analytical photometric system. Results: IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, MCP-1 and EGF were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the patients with severe COVID-19 with increased levels of IL-2, IFN-y, TNF-α and IL-1α. The d-ROM, OS index, and PAT were significantly higher (p<0.05) in severe COVID-19 patients. IL-6 demonstrated the strongest correlation with all of the markers of the oxidative stress, d-ROM (r=0.9725, p=0.0001), PAT (r=0.5000, p=0.0001) and OS index (r=0.9593, p=0.012). Similar behavior was evidenced between IFN-y and d-ROM (r=0.4006, p=0.0001), PAT (r=0.6030, p=0.0001) and OS index (r=0.4298, p=0.012). Conclusion: The oxidative stress markers show good correlation with the tested cytokines which can be measured at the beginning of the disease in a primary care setting to predict the course of COVID-19.

The relation of optical coherence tomography findings with oxidative stress parameters in patients with bipolar disorder and unaffected first-degree relatives

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the optical coherence tomography(OCT) findings and oxidative stress parameters in patients with bipolar disorder(BD) and their unaffected first-degree relatives(FDRs) and to explore OCT findings and oxidative stress parameters as potential endophenotype candidates. MethodsFifty patients with BD, 40 FDRs of BD, and 50 healthy controls(HCs) were included. OCT was performed to measure peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL), ganglion cell layer(GCL), inner plexiform layer(IPL), central macular, and minimum foveal thicknesses(CMT and MFT), choroidal thickness(ChT). 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(HNE), total thiol(TT), native thiol(NT), total oxidant status(TOS), total antioxidant status(TAS), disulfide(DIS) and oxidative stress index(OSI) were measured from serum samples. ResultsTOS was higher patients with BD and FDRs than HCs (p < .001 and p = .012, respectively). OSI, DIS, HNE levels were higher patients with BD and FDRs than HCs (p < .001). TAS, TT, NT levels were lower patients and FDRs than HCs (p < .001). MFT of patients was thinner than HCs (p = .001). CMT of patients was thinner than HCs (p = .006); the same trend was observed in FDRs but did not reach the statistical significance level (p = .07). The groups did not differ on RNFL and choroidal thickness or GCL and IPL volume. LimitationsEvaluation of only a few retinal layers. ConclusionsTOS, TAS, OSI, TT, NT, DIS, HNE can be useful endophenotype biomarkers in BD. Among the OCT findings, CMT was determined as the closest parameter to being an endophenotype biomarker. Our study corroborates that oxidative stress parameters are more effective than OCT findings in endophenotype studies.

Presentation of cytokine profile in relation to oxidative stress parameters in patients with severe COVID-19: a case-control pilot study

Introduction: COVID-19 can be worsened by hyper-production of cytokines accompanied by increased level of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between a set of cytokines and the markers of the oxidative stress. Methods: The levels of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL8, IL-10, VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1α, MCP-1 and EGF were determined by using High Sensitivity Evidence Investigator™ Biochip Array technology. The oxidative stress parameters (d-ROM, PAT, OS index) were measured in serum on FRAS5 analytical photometric system. Results: IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, MCP-1 and EGF were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the patients with severe COVID-19 with increased levels of IL-2, IFN-y, TNF-α and IL-1α. The d-ROM, OS index, and PAT were significantly higher (p<0.05) in severe COVID-19 patients. IL-6 demonstrated the strongest correlation with all of the markers of the oxidative stress, d-ROM (r=0.9725, p=0.0001), PAT (r=0.5000, p=0.0001) and OS index (r=0.9593, p=0.012). Similar behavior was evidenced between IFN-y and d-ROM (r=0.4006, p=0.0001), PAT (r=0.6030, p=0.0001) and OS index (r=0.4298, p=0.012). Conclusion: The oxidative stress markers show good correlation with the tested cytokines which can be measured at the beginning of the disease in a primary care setting to predict the course of COVID-19.

Clinical Study of the Impact of ACE I/D Gene Variation on the Clinical Parameters of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

To investigate the relationship between angiotensin Ⅰ-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism and the genetic risks for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to evaluate the impact of ACE I/D genotypes on clinical, hormonal, metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with PCOS. This was a retrospective case-control study involving a total of 1 020 PCOS patients and 825 female controls who visited the outpatient clinic of the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University between 2006 and 2019. The ages of the subjects ranged between 17 and 44. The ACE I/D genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis. 667 PCOS patients and 527 controls were selected for an analysis of their genotypes and the hormonal, metabolic and oxidative stress parameters. The genotype distributions of the ACE I/D single nucleotide polymorphism was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both the PCOS group and the control group (all P>0.05), which was representative of the population. There were no statistically significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies between the PCOS and the control groups ( P>0.05). After adjusting for both age and body mass index (BMI), there was no statistically significant difference in clinical characteristics among all genotypes in either the PCOS group or the control group. In the PCOS group, compared with the II genotype subgroup, the ID genotype subgroup had lower luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, while the DD genotype subgroup had higher homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Compared with the ID genotype subgroup, the DD genotype subgroup had lower serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) level, but higher total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ( P<0.05). In the control group, II genotype subgroup had a higher level of total oxidant status (TOS) than that of the DD genotype subgroup. ACE I/D genetic polymorphism is not associated with risks for PCOS. The I/D variation of ACE gene may be related to insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, hyperandrogenemia and oxidative stress in PCOS patients.

Presentation of cytokine profile in relation to oxidative stress parameters in patients with severe COVID-19: an observational pilot study.

Introduction: COVID-19 can be worsened by hyper-production of cytokines accompanied by increased level of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between a set of cytokines and the markers of the oxidative stress. Methods: The levels of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL8, IL-10, VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1α, MCP-1 and EGF were determined by using High Sensitivity Evidence Investigator™ Biochip Array technology. The oxidative stress parameters (d-ROM, PAT, OS index) were measured in serum on FRAS5 analytical photometric system. Results: IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, MCP-1 and EGF were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the patients with severe COVID-19 with increased levels of IL-2, IFN-g, TNF-a and IL-1α. The d-ROM, OS index, and PAT were significantly higher (p<0.05) in severe COVID-19 patients. IL-6 demonstrated the strongest correlation with all of the markers of the oxidative stress, d-ROM (r=0.9725, p=0.0001), PAT (r=0.5000, p=0.0001) and OS index (r=0.9593, p=0.012). Similar behavior was evidenced between IFN-g and d-ROM (r=0.4006, p=0.0001), PAT (r=0.6030, p=0.0001) and OS index (r=0.4298, p=0.012). Conclusion: The oxidative stress markers show good correlation with the tested cytokines which can be measured at the beginning of the disease in a primary care setting to predict the course of COVID-19.

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on cardio-metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundOmega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have been suggested as a beneficial supplement in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, but the results of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate all the RCTs about the impact of omega-3 FAs supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes and oxidative stress parameters in patients with CKD.MethodsWe performed a systematic database search in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central, up to May 2020. We included all placebo-controlled randomized trials that assessed the effect of omega-3 FAs supplementation on any cardiometabolic outcomes: blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or triglycerides (TG) and oxidative stress parameters. Data were pooled using DerSimonian–Laird’s random-effects model.ResultsFinally, thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria for this review omega-3 FAs supplementation significantly decrease TC (SMD: -0.26; 95% CI: − 0.51, − 0.02; I2 = 52.7%), TG (SMD: -0.22; 95% CI: − 0.43, − 0.02; I2 = 36.0%) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD: -0.91; 95% CI: − 1.29, − 0.54; I2 = 00.0%) and also significantly increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SMD: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.90; I2 = 00.0%) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (SMD: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.86; I2 = 00.0%) activities. However our results show that omega-3 FAs supplementation have no significant effects on HDL, LDL and blood pressure.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis supports current evidence for the clinical benefit of omega-3 FAs intake to improve cardiometabolic parameters in CKD patients. However, well-designed RCTs still needed to provide a conclusive picture in this field.

Evaluation of the relationship between polysomnography parameters, physical examination findings and oxidative stress parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Background/Aim: Oxidative stress status in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is well discussed in the literature. Oxidative stress levels increase, and antioxidant system activi-ty decreases in OSAS patients. However, the change in oxidative stress status in positional (pOSAS) and non-positional (npOSAS) OSAS has not been adequately examined. The aim of this study was to compare OSAS patients’ polysomnographic (PSG) parameters and oxidative stress capacities with the structural and functional properties of the upper respiratory tract. Methods: This study was designed as prospective case-control study and patients were divided into three groups as control, pOSAS and npOSAS according to their PSG findings. Ear nose throat examinations including rhinomanometry test and oxidative stress blood parameter tests were conducted to all patients. Variables among the groups were compared. Results: All PSG parameters were significantly worse in the OSAS groups than the control group (P<0.05). The mean AHIs of the pOSAS and npOSAS groups were 21.7 (16.5), and 31.2 (21.9), respectively. AHI, desaturation number and minimal SpO2 values of the pOSAS group were significantly lower compared to the npOSAS group (P=0.043, P=0.017 and P=0.006, respectively). TNF α was significantly lower and adiponectin was significantly higher in the pOSAS group compared to the npOSAS group (P=0.001, P<0.001 respectively). The two groups were similar in terms of rhinomanometry results (P=0.888). Conclusion: The lack of difference between pOSAS and npOSAS patients in terms of rhinomanometry results may indicate that the nose may not play a decisive role in the differentiation of these groups. Only OSAS severity may not be a determinant factor in oxidative stress balance in patients with pOSAS and np OSAS.