Owner's Permission Research Articles

Menggadaikan Kembali Tanah Gadai

This research discusses the practice of re-mortgaging pawned land according to Islamic law and positive law in Simpang Tiga District. This study is a type of qualitative research using field research and library research methods. The results of the research show that the practice of re-mortgaging land in Simpang Tiga District is common, especially when the land owner needs money urgently, but the land owner has not been able to pay off the loan, so the pawner pawns the land to another party without prior notification. first to the land owner because the agreement mechanism tends to be done verbally, which can cause risk and confusion. According to Islamic law, it is largely in accordance with the principles of Islamic law, especially because it is carried out on the basis of mutual assistance in society and in urgent situations. However, there are some issues to be aware of. One of them is re-mortgaging land without the land owner's permission, which may violate the principle of the validity of pawn transactions. The principles of Islamic law, such as agreements, rights and obligations, and collateral management, should be taken into account in implementing pawning practices. And positive law is permissible (legal), the pawn right can be transferred by the pledgor to another party with or without the land owner's consent, based on the regulations on the transfer of land use rights with reference to Article 37 paragraph (1) of Government Regulation no. 24 since 1997.

Juridical Analysis of MSME Trademark Holders Based on Law No. 20 of 2016 Concerning Brand Rights and Geographical Indications

The legal protection given to trademark certificate holders is that the trademark is valid for 10 years and the only registered trademark owner has the rights to the trademark and cannot be changed without the trademark owner's permission. Law enforcement provided by the Trademark and Geographical Indications Law is criminal and civil. There are other alternatives, namely through arbitration and alternative dispute resolution with the concept of a win-win solution.

Legal Protection of Small and Medium Industry Products Through Trademark from an Islamic Law Perspective

Brand regulations in Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications emphasize that a brand is a sign that can be displayed graphically in the form of an image, logo, name, word, letter, number, color arrangement, in the form of 2 (two) dimensions and/or 3 (three) dimensions, sound, hologram, or a combination of 2 (two) or more of these elements to differentiate goods and/or services produced by individuals or legal entities in goods and/or services trading activities. Brands are important in the business world of trading goods and services. Brand as a means to introduce a product to consumers. In reality, many products can deceive and confuse consumers in choosing products. Islam views brands as assets whose ownership must be protected. This article will analyze the legal protection of small and medium industrial products through trademark registration from the perspective of Islamic law. This research is a normative legal research study by conducting library research and using a statutory approach to the primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials used. The research results found that trademark rights in Islamic law are assets whose ownership rights must be protected from things that are detrimental to the brand owner. In Islamic law, plagiarizing, counterfeiting and duplicating a product brand, including small and medium industrial brands, without the owner's permission are prohibited acts. So, the protection of trademark rights in Islamic law is based on the principle of mu'amalah, namely eliminating injustice, avoiding danger, and realizing the public benefit.

MOTIVASI DAN PENGALAMAN REMAJA DALAM MELAKUKAN PERUNDUNGAN DI MEDIA SOSIAL

A survey conducted by Polling Indonesia in collaboration with the Indonesian Internet Service Providers Association (APJII) found that around 49% of netizens had been the target of bullying on social media. Both traditional bullying and that occurred in cyberspace, arose as a result of imbalance of power between the perpetrator and the victim. The Uses and Gratification theory is used to see what reasons or motivations bullies have for carrying out bullying in cyberspace. Data was collected using a survey method with an instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The data was then analyzed descriptively by looking at the average of each question item. The underlying motivation for perpetrators to bully on social media is anonymity, it is a fun thing to do, it relieves boredom, jealousy, and it is also a form of self-defense from unpleasant acts they experience on social media. From the victim experiences of bullying on social media is being harassed by hurtful sentences in the form of hate speech, ridicule/insults, and sentences that make them uncomfortable. On the other hand, what bullies most often do is upload other parties' chats without the owner's permission

Tindak Pidana Plagiarisme Terhadap Desain Produk Ditinjau Dari Aspek Hak Asasi Manusia

Abstract This research is a normative legal research that aims to analyze the relationship between the criminal act of plagiarism and product design in terms of human rights aspects. The results of this study are that the crime of plagiarism against product design is an act that is contrary to Law number 39 of 1999 concerning human rights. The act of appropriating a design by another person without the owner's permission is an act of usurping the right to human welfare. Therefore, this research was carried out so that product designers realize that plagiarism on the designs they produce is a deprivation of the right to welfare that they must have.Keywords: Plagiarism, product design, human rights

Legal Review of the Publication of Song Scores on Youtube Without the Copyright Owner's Permission

The discussion in this research is fundamentally related to the legal review of the publication of sheet music on YouTube without the permission of the copyright owner. Often uploading song scores on Youtube with the intention of wanting to publish and gain personal gain is a new habit that has been practiced by the public lately because of technological developments and easy access to do so, it also causes a weakness in the legal protection given to creators who own works. and is entitled to the copyright. To examine the themes raised in this study, several main issues were formulated, including 1) What are the indicators of song copyright protection under the Copyright Law?, 2) What are the legal implications for the actions of someone who publishes sheet music without the author's permission in Youtube? The results of this study are that 1) Indicators in song copyright protection based on the Copyright Law, namely moral rights and economic rights. Moral rights are based on the existence of a creation that must be protected because it is a real form of the results of a person's thoughts, imagination, expertise and abilities, while economic rights are based on the existence of exclusive rights that are automatically owned by a creator to benefit from his creation as long as all of these economic rights are not transferred to others. 2) The legal implications arising from the actions of someone who publishes sheet music without the permission of the creator or the legal copyright holder on Youtube, can be sued for civil damages through a commercial court and can also be prosecuted criminally in the form of a criminal act of copyright infringement which is a type of criminal complaint.

Video nadzor i veštačka inteligencija - uticaj na pravo na privatnost i prava intelektualne svojine

The protection of individual privacy is increasingly questioned in the context of today's high-tech video surveillance by using superior technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (smart cameras and video surveillance systems, biometrics and facial recognition) which is capable of analyzing a huge amount of data, identifying links between that data and de-anonymizing them. Technology is synonymous with evolution. Yet, the advantages of using new technology are combined with great risks. The use of video cameras for surveillance raises important privacy issues. Biometric remote identification can only be performed under certain safeguards, in the context of a justified interest and with respect for the principle of proportionality. In recent years, facial recognition technology has become increasingly widespread, and highly controversial, as it is omnipresent (at airport check-in lines, police departments, pharmacies, etc.). While it may add a sense of security and comfort for businesses implementing it, such technology has been widely criticized by privacy advocates, especially for its built-in racial bias and potential for abusive use. "Real-time" biometric identification of individuals in public-accessible spaces for law enforcement purposes is seen as highly intrusive on the rights and freedoms of the individuals concerned, but it also evokes a sense of constant surveillance and indirectly discourages the exercise of freedom of assembly and other fundamental rights. Another important issue is the use of video surveillance in a context where it can cause problems in terms of intellectual property. The unauthorized use of recordings may affect confidential business operations. Trade secrets and confidential information are often an essential part of a company's intellectual property portfolio. Thus, companies have to take extra steps to ensure that images captured by cameras are stored securely and accessible only to authorized personnel. Cameras can capture images of artistic works, performances, exhibitions, and uncontrolled access can lead to infringement of copyright and related rights. As captured videos can be uploaded to platforms, such use of intellectual property can lead to copyright infringement, especially when the video entails the use of copyrighted material without the owner's permission, which constitutes an infringement of intellectual property rights.

Tinjauan Yuridis Sengketa Tanah Akibat Perbuatan Melawan Hukum: Studi Kasus Putusan No.88/Pdt.G/2020/PN.Bks

One example of an unlawful act is illegally occupying land and buildings without the owner's permission, which gives rise to disputes. Land conflict (dispute) is an action aimed at obtaining legal protection provided by the court to prevent acts of self-judgment (eigenrichting). The development of land conflicts/disputes, both in quality and quantity, is always increasing, while the main factor in the emergence of land conflicts is the fixed area of ​​land, while the number of people who need land (humans) to meet their needs is always increasing. So, in land disputes, if the parties do not want to resolve the case peacefully, they can resolve it by submitting the case to the District Court. However, in practice, in a case the losing party does not want to accept the court's decision and then files an appeal, cassation and judicial review. In this research, the author uses a normative research method, namely research by analyzing applicable legal norms, both in the form of laws and court decisions. Research data was obtained from library materials and primary legal documentation, namely Law no. 5 of 1960 concerning the Basic Agrarian Law, Government Regulation no. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results of this research show that land disputes in Indonesia are resolved in the usual way through the General Court and State Administrative Court with incomplete and suboptimal results. This is caused by overlapping decisions that have been determined by each judicial body, the difficulty of executing decisions of judicial bodies that have permanent legal force and the lack of clarity regarding which laws and regulations are competent to resolve land cases in Indonesia. There are six roots of land conflict in particular, namely first, the issue of disputes over court decisions. Second, the issue of land rights applications related to forest area claims. Third, the issue of boundary disputes and land registration as well as overlapping certificates on the same land. Fourth, the problem of reclaiming and reoccupying land that has been released by housing developers due to manipulated compensation. Fifth, land issues regarding ulayat or customary land claims. Sixth, problems related to plantation land.

Fun with Nitroglycerin: Piecing Together the “Exploding Boy” Plagiarism Controversy

Fun with Nitroglycerin: Piecing Together the “Exploding Boy” Plagiarism Controversy

In-Vitro Growth Kinetics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cytotoxicity Tests Using Low-Diluted Viscum Album.

The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in cytotoxicity tests is an in-vitro alternative model for predicting initial doses. Homeopathic medicines may stimulate the immune system to combat a pathology effectively and have been used for over two centuries. Viscum album (VA) extracts are widely used in the treatment of cancer, due to their immunomodulatory, cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro growth kinetics of canine MSC in relation to cytotoxicity, cell differentiation and expression of pluripotentiality markers, using a VA preparation at the D1D2 (1×10-1, 1×10-2 potency (VAD1D2). MSC were obtained from adipose tissue sampled from a healthy dog that was undergoing an elective veterinary procedure and with its owner's permission. The experiments were performed in three groups: MSC treated with VAD1D2 or diluent or untreated (control). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. The differentiation was induced in three lineages, and apoptotic cell labeling was performed by an Annexin-V test. At the concentration of 10 μL/mL of VA, the number of cells after in-vitro culture was maintained when compared with the control (untreated) group. A significant and gradual decrease in cell viability was recorded as VA concentrations increased. The apoptosis analysis showed that VA at 20 μL/mL presented absolute percentages of initial apoptosis twice as high as at 10 μL/mL, which was similar to the control (untreated group). The results suggest that the use of efficient methods to assess the in-vitro cytotoxicity of VA-based homeopathic medicines using MSC lineages may predict the potential action at different concentrations. These findings demonstrated that VAD1D2 interferes with canine MSC growth kinetics.

A Smart System for Detecting Behavioural Botnet Attacks using Random Forest Classifier with Principal Component Analysis

Over the years, malware (malicious software) has become a major challenge for computer users, organizations, and even countries. In particular, a compromise of a set of inflamed hosts (aka zombies or bots) is one of the severe threats to Internet security. Botnet is described as some computer systems or devices controlled on the Internet to carry out unintentional and malicious acts without the owner's permission. Due to the continuously progressing behavior of botnets, the conventional methods fail to identify botnets. In other to solve the stated problem, this paper presents a smart system for detecting behavioural bootnet attacks using Random Forest Classifier and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The system starts with a botnet dataset that was used in building a robust model in detecting Bootnet attacks. The dataset was pre-processed using pandas library for data cleaning. PCA was used in reducing the dimension of the dataset, so as to avoid data imbalance. The result of the PCA was used as input to the random forest classifier. The random forest classifier was trained using the number of estimators as 1000. The result of the model shows a promising accuracy of about 99%.

Copyright protection of deep neural network models using digital watermarking: a comparative study

Nowadays, deep learning achieves higher levels of accuracy than ever before. This evolution makes deep learning crucial for applications that care for safety, like self-driving cars and helps consumers to meet most of their expectations. Further, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are powerful approaches that employed to solve several issues. These issues include healthcare, advertising, marketing, computer vision, speech processing, natural language processing. The DNNs have marvelous progress in these different fields, but training such DNN models requires a lot of time, a vast amount of data and in most cases a lot of computational steps. Selling such pre-trained models is a profitable business model. But, sharing them without the owner permission is a serious threat. Unfortunately, once the models are sold, they can be easily copied and redistributed. This paper first presents a review of how digital watermarking technologies are really very helpful in the copyright protection of the DNNs. Then, a comparative study between the latest techniques is presented. Also, several optimizers are proposed to improve the accuracy against the fine-tuning attack. Finally, several experiments are performed with black-box settings using several optimizers and the results are compared with the SGD optimizer.

Criminal Law: Third Edition

This is a casebook for a first-year criminal law course at American law schools. It covers statutory interpretation, actus reus, mens rea, attempt, conspiracy, homicide, rape, and general affirmative defenses. The included material is either public domain, Creative Commons, or included with the copyright owner's permission. The book itself is released under a Creative Commons license which you can find at the beginning of the book. I encourage editing, revising, and distributing under those permissive terms.

Legal Protection of Personal Data against Customers in Technology. Based Money Lending Services

Information technology-based money lending service is the implementation of financial services to bring lenders together with borrowers in order to make loan agreements to borrow money. Many people have complained about the dissemination of personal data by online loan providers without notice and without the owner's permission. The purpose of this paper is to review the legal protection of customers' personal data in technology-based money lending services. The motto used in this writing is a normative legal method with a statutory approach and a fact approach. The results of the study show that legal protections and sanctions for personal data breaches have been stipulated in Law No. 11 of 2008 and changes in information and electronic transactions, but specifically regarding legal protection and sanctions for personal data breaches in online loan services have been listed in the financial services authority regulation No. 77/POJK.01/2016. Information technology-based money lending services. The organizer is responsible for maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data use and in the utilization must obtain approval from the data owner, the organizer may be subject to administrative sanctions in the form of written warnings, fines, obligation to pay a certain amount of money, restrictions on business activities, and revocation of business license

Problematika Prinsip Net Neutrality Berkenaan Layanan Jasa Netfix Pada Regulasi Nasional Indonesia

This study Examined  the need for strict implementation of regulations, especially on Netflix's as Over The Top (OTT) service, as an Information Technology service run by telecommunication service actors with content in the form of data, information or multimedia that runs through the internet network, services delivered are through the network. , the operator's infrastructure, but without any cooperation with operators or the government in Indonesia. The presence of Netflix in Indonesia can be likened to a merchant who sells at home without asking the owner's permission, and that is an example of bussiness unethical action. Netflix does not respect the sovereignty of the state by not taking care of permits, and there is no protection for the user community. Regulations related to OTT services such as Netflix have not been explicitly regulated in the existing laws in Indonesia, only broadly regulated in regulations on Telecommunications. The research was conducted using a normative juridical methodology with a qualitative approach. The results showed that there was a legal vacuum in Indonesian regulations regarding Net Neutrality which caused problems with OTT services such as Netflix. The conclusion i n this regard, the government should immediately issue regulations related to OTT services such as Netflix to ensure legal certainty and justice for parties in carrying out business, especially in the field of telecommunications, in accordance with Indonesia's commitments in the international world and Indonesian citizen’s right. Keywords: Net Neutrality, Netflix, Broadcasting, Regulation

Copyright Infringement in Youtube Under Indonesian and Malaysian Laws: The Cases of Aisyah Istri Rasulullah and Karna Su Sayang Songs

This study describe the prescription problems in the case of Aisyah Istri Rasullullah song constitute infringement under Indonesian Copyright Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright; Karna Su Sayang song constitute infringement under Malaysian Copyright Law Act 332 1987 and the implementation of the law regarding the dispute settlement of the Aisyah Istri Rasulullah song and Karna Su Sayang song. The normative legal research method was used in this research. The results of this study shows that the Aisyah Istri Rasulullah song ingfrings Article 5 and 9 Indonesian Copyright Law stipulate that is prohibited to take the advantage of the copyright work without the owner permission and use it for commercial and Karna Su Sayang song infrings Section 13 and 36 Malaysian Copyright law; There are many similarities between the infringing copy and original work, there is a causal relationship between the infringing work and original works, and the infringing is an essential part of the original work. The recommendation for Indonesia’s and Malaysia’s lawmakers is to revise the Copyright law, so that the copyright infringement on YouTube related the use of fair use and pirates from uploading content will get the strengthen sanction. And create more comprehensive policy regarding the protection of song and Music in YouTube to made the enforcement of the policy to become more effective.

Sex Crimes: Second Edition

This is a textbook for an upper-level Sex Crimes course at a law school or graduate-level seminar in a variety of disciplines. It covers the criminalization of sexual deviance, rape, sexual assault, obscenity, non-consensual pornography, child molestation, incest, child pornography, sex trafficking, sex work, prostitution, sex offender registration, sex offender residency restrictions, and sex offender civil commitment. The included material is either public domain, Creative Commons, or included with the copyright owner's permission. The book itself is released under a Creative Commons license which you can find at the beginning of the book. I encourage editing, revising, and distributing under those permissive terms.

Clinical techniques in veterinary dermatology: regional anaesthesia of the canine and feline distal limb.

Local anaesthesia for procedures involving the distal limb are a useful component of balanced protocols to achieve effective procedural analgesia for patients. A ring block is an effective and straightforward technique. To review and describe the ring block technique for local anaesthesia of the canine and feline distal limb. Images of hospitalized patients were used. These photographs were obtained with owner permission. The clinical technique for the ring block of the canine or feline distal limb is described. The ring block can be implemented simply and successfully for a variety of procedures involving the distal limb to provide effective analgesia.

Application of Empirical Wavelet Transform in Digital Image Watermarking

Nowadays, rapid growth of the Internet and digital multimedia technologies make it possible to duplicate data without any loss of quality and at a very low cost. In this regard, manipulation of documents will easily be accomplished by applying digital art and without the copyright owner's permission. To deal with situation, more diverse security requirements are introduced every day. Watermarking is considered as one of the methods used for achieving this purpose. Watermarking is focused on inserting a subtle signal between the host media data somehow it does not change the original data, but they can be extracted if necessary. They are also used as a claim for ownership of the digital effect. Various methods have been presented for watermarking so far. These methods have been developed to overcome the weaknesses of previous methods. Empirical wavelet transform is taken into account as a new method for hiding and extracting military digital images with respect to alpha composition. As such, it is resistant to noise, low pass filter and compression. Analytical studies showed that this method is more efficient than other methods from quantitative and qualitative point of view.

Sex Crimes: First Edition

This is a textbook for an upper-level Sex Crimes course at a law school or graduate-level seminar in a variety of disciplines. It covers the criminalization of sexual deviance, rape, sexual assault, obscenity, non-consensual pornography, child molestation, incest, child pornography, sex trafficking, sex work, prostitution, sex offender registration, sex offender residency restrictions, and sex offender civil commitment. The included material is either public domain, Creative Commons, or included with the copyright owner's permission. The book itself is released under a Creative Commons license which you can find at the beginning of the book. I encourage editing, revising, and distributing under those permissive terms. If you are interested in using this book in your class, please email me at coreyyung@ku.edu from your official school account and I can provide access to an editable Word version of the casebook and accompanying slides. At some point in the future, I hope to have an available teacher's manual as well.