Overview Of Nomenclature Research Articles

Vascularized Bone Grafts in Spinal Reconstruction: An Overview of Nomenclature and Indications.

Several vascularized bone grafts (VBGs) have been introduced for reconstruction and augmenting fusion of the spine. The expanding use of VBGs in the field of spinoplastic reconstruction, however, has highlighted the need to clarify the nomenclature for bony reconstruction as well as establish the position of VBGs on the bony reconstructive algorithm. In the current literature, the terms "flap" and "graft" are often applied inconsistently when describing vascularized bone transfer. Such inconsistency creates barriers in communication between physicians, confusion in interpreting the existing studies, and difficulty in comparing surgical techniques. VBGs are defined as bone segments transferred on their corresponding muscular attachments without a named major feeding vessel. The bone is directly vascularized by the muscle attachments and unnamed periosteal feeding vessels. VBGs are best positioned as a separate entity in the bony reconstruction algorithm between nonvascularized bone grafts (N-VBGs) and bone flaps. VBGs offer numerous advantages as they supply fully vascularized bone to the recipient site without the microsurgical techniques or pedicle dissection required for raising bone flaps. Multiple VBGs have been introduced in recent years to optimize these benefits for spinoplastic reconstruction.

Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging

We present an overview of Nomenclature’s history, characteristics, structure, use, management, development process, limitations, and future. Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging is a bilingual (English/French) structured and controlled list of object terms organized in a classification system to provide a basis for indexing and cataloging collections of human-made objects. It includes illustrations and bibliographic references as well as a user guide. It is used in the creation and management of object records in human history collections within museums and other organizations, and it focuses on objects relevant to North American history and culture. First published in 1978, Nomenclature is the most extensively used museum classification and controlled vocabulary for historical and ethnological collections in North America and represents thereby a de facto standard in the field. An online reference version of Nomenclature was made available in 2018, and it will be available under open license in 2020.

Paclitaxel.

Paclitaxel is the first microtubule-stabilizing agent identified and considered to be the most significant advance in chemotherapy of the past two decades. It is considered one of the most widely used antineoplastic agents with broad activity in several cancers including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, and cervical carcinoma. It is also used for treating AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma as a second line treatment. This comprehensive profile of paclitaxel gives overview of nomenclature, formulae, elemental analysis, appearance, application and uses. In addition, mechanism of action and resistance, different dosage forms and methods of drug preparation are elaborated. Moreover, the physicochemical properties involving X-ray powder diffraction pattern, drug solubility, melting point, differential scanning calorimetry, and stability were summarized. Furthermore, method of drug analysis including compendial, spectrophotometric, and chromatographic was discussed.

A Note on Selected Names in James Hynes’s Academic Novel The Lecturer’s Tale

AbstractThis note offers a brief discussion of selected names in the literary sub-genre commonly labeled the ‘academic novel,’ and exemplified in The Lecturer’s Tale by James Hynes. It defines the genre and enumerates its most common features. Because this note constitutes an overview of nomenclature in one specific academic novel, it is exemplary rather than comprehensive.