Overview Of Damage Research Articles

Behavior of steel building structures subjected to strong and benchmark seismic actions: An overview of damage from the observations of the last 40 years

It is well known that steel structures have high ductility capacity and high strength to weight ratio, which, theoretically, by nature makes them, the most efficient seismic structural system against strong earthquakes. However, the recorded experience of failures which have befallen over the last 40 years, as a result of strong seismic actions, suggests that this by itself isn't always sufficient. Generally, it is essential that an appropriate and preferred conformation and configuration of the structural system and in particular of its joints should be adopted. In any case, the steel building structures showed local failures without general and complete collapses. The work in this paper presents the seismic performance focused on steel building structures, as revealed by strong earthquakes, such as those of Mexico (1985), Northridge (1994), USA, Kobe (1995), Japan, Christchurch (2010-2011), N. Zealand, which affected and changed the design of metal structures, as well as other earthquakes like Maule (2010), Chile, Emilia (2012), Amatrice (2016), Italy, which completed the picture in the better understanding of failures and their reasons. On the basis of the lessons learnt from, a discussion for avoiding such situations are commented on and provided in this work.

Numerical Investigation Against Laboratory Experiment: An Overview of Damage and Wind Loads on Structural Design

The numerical approach is being used against experimental and solves engineering problems. In the engineering design, the structural and load analysis are a part of an important thing to show the effect of geometrical or the structure design. The main purpose is to review the influence of deckhouse height on the flow around the funnel and aft ship structure. In this review study, the fluid-structure and 3D steady RANS CFD are used to validate the result of simulations. Several aspects of the numerical approach, such as turbulence modeling, boundary conditions, inlet velocity, and pressure outlet to simulate wind load in CFD, ground surface roughness, and quantification of wind loads by computational fluid-structure and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are summarized. A benchmarking study of the numerical approach against the experiment is emphasized. A comparative study among the numerical prediction on the wind tunnel demonstrated good agreement and satisfaction. Moreover, by numerical approach could handle the accurate results and show how the response to the ship structure that makes the dynamic interaction during wind loads events.

Voles and boreal silviculture – overview of damage and options for management

Voles and boreal silviculture – overview of damage and options for management

What is to be learned from damage and failure of reinforced concrete structures during recent earthquakes in Turkey?

In Turkey, generally, building stock is formed from reinforced concrete structures and during last earthquakes, a large number of these buildings in the epicenter regions were collapsed leading to widespread destruction and loss of life. In this paper, the performance of reinforced concrete buildings during recent earthquakes in Turkey is discussed. The objective of this paper is to provide a brief overview of damage as observed following the earthquakes. The failure modes consist of foundation failures, soft stories, strong beams and weak columns, lack of column confinement, poor detailing practice and non-structural damages. Observations from the earthquake damages are discussed and compared with TEC-98 (Turkish Earthquake Code) and TBC-500-2000 (Turkish Building Code) requirements. Measurements of some damaged reinforced concrete member examples are given and important general lessons learned from these earthquakes are formulated. Finally, a short overview of the emergency management measures taken is also presented.

Building damage from the Marmara, Turkey earthquake of August 17, 1999

The objective of this paper is to provide a brief overview of damage as observed immediately following the earthquake. Detailed studies of structural seismic performance, conducted in the time elapsed since August 1999, are not the subject of this paper, but rather the object of other papers presented in this Special Issue of the Journal. Damage to reinforced concrete, masonry, and steel structures, is described. The mode the failure presented include: foundation failures; soft stories; strong beams and weak columns; lack of column confinement and poor detailing practice; buckling and fractures of steel members; and non-structural damage. Some general lessons learned from this earthquake are also formulated.

Basis for selection of PC and PCC for concrete repair

A classification of concrete polymer composites is presented, which takes into account the influence of the solid phases, as well as the composite interaction with a fluid phase, which in the limit will be the ambient environment. The classification is based on a structural model, enabling the qualification and quantification of material properties. A brief overview of damage and causes of damage to concrete and concrete structures is given. A study of damage and damage causes reveals the requirements, which the repair materials have to comply. The comparison of both requirements and structural material properties enable the proper choice of the repair material, or indicate the way to proceed in developing repair materials for specific repair jobs.

The behaviour, overview of damage and retrofit of steel buildings after the earthquakes of September 1985


 
 
 A brief introduction on the earthquake history of Mexico is made.
 A description of the various types of steel structures built in Mexico City is made, including comparisons of the other types of steel construction with more modern practices.
 Performance of steel buildings in the September 1985 earthquake are discussed and related to the local geotechnical conditions, including foundation behaviour.
 The evolution of seismic design Codes in Mexico City is presented and the Emergency Provisions recently issued, are discussed.
 Finally, some ideas of repairing damaged steel structures to improve their seismic performance meeting the higher demands of the reformed Code, are given as a retrofit.