Overtime Work Hours Research Articles

TEACHERS’ SILENT SCREAM: QUIET QUITTING

The aim of the study is first to discover if quiet quitting act exists among teachers at schools, and then, if there are teachers who are a part of this movement, to disclose the indications of quiet quitting act and the reasons that push them to quiet quit. The study was designed in accordance with the qualitative phenomenology pattern and carried out with 8 teachers selected by the snowball sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data and the data was analyzed by content analysis technique. In the light of the analysis, “indications of quiet quitting among teachers” and “reasons for quiet quitting among teachers” themes emerged. The result of the study reveals that teachers are part of the quiet quitting act. Teachers’ ending their psychological contract, organizational commitment and belonging are internal indications, while holding back on duties that are outside the job description, not taking on new duties, and not taking responsibility for duties requiring them to spend overtime or outside working hours are external symptoms. As for the reasons, teachers quiet quit because the meaning they attach to their profession is deteriorated and their efforts are rendered worthless because of the financial challenges they experience. Moreover, due to the precarization they experience stemming from the paid teaching practice and the loss of prestige in the society, teachers quiet quit. Finally, the pandemic is among the reasons that lead teachers to quiet quit due to the loss of motivation it causes and the visibility of work-life imbalance. Accordingly, it is recommended to make the precarization process of the teaching profession visible, to abolish the practice of paid teaching, and to regulate teacher salaries below the poverty line.

ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF NOBU PINK CERAMIC TYPE USING CAPACITY REQUIREMENT PLANNING METHOD AT PT ARWANA CITRAMULIA TBK PLANT I

PT. Arwana Citramulia Tbk is a manufacturing company that produces ceramics. The company faces challenges in managing fluctuating demand, making it difficult to effectively plan production capacity. The objective of this research is to determine the ideal production capacity for the Nobu Pink ceramic type. The analysis of the production capacity for Nobu Pink ceramics was conducted at PT. Arwana Citramulia Tbk Plant I using the Capacity Requirement Planning (CRP) method, with capacity calculations performed using the bill of labor (BOL) method. The research results indicate that the production capacity for 25 x 25 cm Nobu Pink ceramics is 633 pieces per hour or 15,192 pieces per day. A comparison of available capacity with required capacity shows a shortage of capacity at the Kiln workstation in each period. A proposed solution for the company is to add 3 hours of overtime work on Saturdays, which would meet the capacity shortage.

Project Delay Factor Analysis Using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) Method and Rescheduling with Critical Path Method (CPM) in Ducting Manufacturing Projects at PT. FRA

Ducting manufacturing project at PT. The FRA was planned to be completed in 14 days, but was implemented in 19 days and 5 days late. The method to find the cause of project delays is Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), then analyze rescheduling with the Critical Path Method (CPM). The purpose of this study is to identify factors of work delay, determine new steps for project contractors and reschedule with alternative working hours and labor additions. The results of the analysis using the FTA method obtained the main cause of delay in drawing engineering work of 0.0002592 and obtained 4 new steps for project contractors. The results of rescheduling using the CPM method obtained a percentage increase in productivity with the alternative of adding working for 4 hours with a duration of 25% or 6 days faster than the normal duration of 19 days to 13 days and an additional cost of 91.96%, which is Rp. 21,500,000. While the percentage of productivity increase with alternative labor additions with a duration of 38.75% or 5 days faster than the normal duration of 19 days to 14 days and additional costs of 178.57%, namely Rp. 31,200,000. So it can be concluded by using the FTA method the main cause is drawing engineering work and 4 new steps are obtained and using the CPM method alternative scheduling is obtained to increase overtime work hours more effectively and additional costs are not too large, so that the company does not experience delays for future ducting projects.

Penjadwalan Kapasitas Produksi Roti menggunakan Metode Rough Cut Capacity Planning di UMKM Cita Rasa Gorontalo

MSME Cita Rasa is a manufacturing industry in Gorontalo City. Fulfillment of consumer demand for the quantity and time of orders is closely related to the availability of raw materials, labor, machines, working time and other resources that support bread-making production. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the scheduling of capacity requirements for bread products to see available capacity and actual capacity. The aim of this research is to create a bread production plan and determine the feasibility of bread production capacity at MSME Cita Rasa using the Rough Cut Capacity Planning method. RCCP is a method used to measure work station capacity so that it can be seen whether a production schedule requires overtime work hours or subcontracts. Based on the results obtained, from the production capacity feasibility test using RCCP, it can be seen that all work stations in the MSME Cita Rasa have a positive value, which means the capacity is feasible

Overtime work is related to nonrestorative sleep independently of short sleep time among a Japanese occupational population.

The symptoms of insomnia are defined as difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and early awakening. Although also a symptom of insomnia, nonrestorative sleep (NRS) is clearly more associated with objective indices than other insomnia symptoms. However, the link between NRS and overtime work duration is poorly understood. The results of a single year's medical examinations were investigated for 26,144 Japanese office workers who were 30 to 59years old. NRS status and lifestyle were collected through a computer-assisted medical interview. The subjects were asked about the presence or absence of NRS and their lifestyles in the most recent two to three months. The subjects were asked about their sleep times and average overtime durations per month (< 20h/month, ≥ 20 but < 40h/month, ≥ 40 but < 60h/month, and ≥ 60h/month). The relationships between NRS and overtime work duration adjusted for sleep time were also analyzed. The proportion of subjects with NRS showed a stepwise increase as overtime work hours increased. A logistic regression analysis was performed using NRS as an objective variable. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that overtime work duration (OR, 1.13; 95% CI 1.10-1.17; P < 0.001; per one-category increase) was an independent determinant of NRS. For office workers, long hours of overtime work increased the NRS prevalence at any sleep duration.

Tanggung Jawab Pengusaha dan Bentuk Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja yang Dipekerjakan Melebihi Jam Kerja Lembur

Employers have employed workers in excess of the overtime work hours determined by law with the aim of reaping greater profits while the rights of workers during overtime are set aside. purposes of the research analyze and discuss the responsibility of employers or employers for excess overtime hours imposed and to find out the forms of legal protection for workers employed in excess of the overtime hours prescribed by law. Methods of the research this type of research uses normative juridical methods, with qualitative processing and analysis of legal materials. Results of the research that approving an employment relationship above a deviation in overtime working hours based on laws and regulations is considered to have negated one of the elements of the employment agreement. The employer must be responsible for providing the rights of workers and bear everything that arises as a result of the actions taken. Then, to protect workers from deviations and violations of rights, legal protection is carried out through education and socialization of labor law instruments to workers and employers / employers as well as through the authority of supervisory institutions that will act to prevent and overcome labor violations.

Examining the Antecedents and Consequences of Public Officials’ Satisfaction with the Flexible Work System

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the antecedent and consequential factors of satisfaction with the flexible working system. Organizational culture was examined as an antecedent factor, while job satisfaction, work performance, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and quality of life were examined as outcome factors. The data of 2,785 public officials who used the flexible work system in the Korea Institute of Public Administration (2022) data set were analyzed using SPSS 28.0. and PROCESS macro's Model 4. The main research findings are as follows. First, organizational cultures that respect individuality and cooperation, supports management, and aims for work autonomy all positively and significantly affect satisfaction with the flexible working system. When ranking the size of influence by the type of organizational culture, work autonomy, respect for individuality, and a cooperative organizational culture had a positive impact in that order, with work autonomy being the most influential factor. In addition, the public officials' age, job preparation period, self-evaluation of workload, and overtime working hours are significant antecedents of satisfaction with the flexible work system. Second, when examining consequential factors, a high level of satisfaction with the flexible working system affects job satisfaction (+), work performance (+), organizational commitment (+), turnover intention (-), and quality of life (+). Job satisfaction was an especially valid mediator between satisfaction with the flexible working system and other consequential factors, including work performance, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and quality of life.

Application of the Crashing Method in the Construction of District Office Buildings Karangrejo

In the world of construction in the development sector, arrangements regarding cost, quality, and completion time of construction work are bound in the work contract and are decided before the construction work is carried out. This study aims to find out the total time and costs after adding working hours and knowing the comparison of time and costs from the initial plan with what has been done with additional working hours. Planning and control is something that cannot be explained in carrying out a project, this implementation requires a long time and serious effort and it depends on effective control. This research will speed up the schedule for the construction of the Karangrejo District Office Building project using the crashing method. From the results of the analysis and calculations described above, it can be concluded that the construction project for the Karangrejo District Office Building's total costs and project time under normal conditions is IDR 2,572,500,000 with a normal duration of 189 days. After adding 3 hours of overtime work, a total cost of Rp. 2,817,500,000 was obtained by consuming an accelerated duration of 180 days. In terms of project costs, applying acceleration by adding a 3-hour overtime system has increased costs by IDR 25,000,000 or more expensive than the normal project costs. Meanwhile, the duration experienced an increase of 4.70% or 9 days faster than the initial normal project duration.

Long working hours and risk of hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage among Japanese workers claiming compensation for overwork-related intracerebral haemorrhage: an unmatched case–control study

ObjectivesOverwork-related cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases (CCVDs) constitute a major occupational and public health issue worldwide. However, to our knowledge, few studies have reported the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. We aimed to...

Penerapan kapasitas produk melalui perencanaan agregat: Studi kasus pada konveksi kaos polos Cijoged Subang

Businesses that want to compete globally and grow their operations must prioritize planning. This includes planning for production processes, sourcing materials, labor availability, and quality control. Planning product capacity is essential for small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) because it impacts their costs and profits. However, limited capital can make this challenging. Businesses can use aggregate planning to optimize their operations to address this issue. In this study, we analyzed the application of product capacity through aggregate planning at the Cijoged Subang Plain T-shirt Convection. We used the Smooth Production method and POM QM for Windows software to collect and process data. Our findings suggest that implementing aggregate planning can help businesses map their costs and meet product demand capacity, including expenses related to regular and overtime working hours, subcontracting, and inventory.

Selection of Alternative Working Methods using the Crashing and Microsoft Project Methods

In carrying out the PPLP Banten Building construction project, it experienced delays. The causes of delays are the addition of time, changes in shop drawings and material delays. Then the solution in theMicrosoft project is an alternative crashing method of 4 hours of overtime and work shifts. The research results obtained 18 jobs that are on the critical path of 43 jobs. The normal total duration is 942 days and the normal fee is Rp. 569.100.000 using AHSP. The results obtained are the total duration of the alternative crashing 4 hours of overtime work is 678 days, while the work shift is 530 days, the AHSP Project produces an alternative total cost of 4 hours overtime of Rp. 3.066.675.000 and work shifts with accident costs of Rp. 1.223.565.000. The alternative cost of 4 hours of overtime using the AHSP project is Rp. 193.067.245,23 and work shifts using the AHSP project of Rp. 33.638.199,58 then the work shift alternative is more economical and was chosen to be applied to the project. The results of the comparison of direct and indirect costs for the 4-hour overtime alternative are direct costs Rp. 9.672.161.032,2 indirect costs Rp. 1.322.728.805,77 and direct costs for work shift alternatives Rp.9.512.731.986,58 costs Rp. 1.273.456.116,78 then the work shift alternative is more economical and is chosen to be applied to the project.

ANALISA OPTIMASI WAKTU DAN BIAYA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DURATION COST TRADE OFF PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN PENANGANAN ROB ERETAN KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU JAWA BARAT

In the planning of construction work, various things can happen in the implementation of construction projects which can cause an increase in implementation time so that the completion of the project becomes late. Delays in project work can be anticipated by accelerating implementation, but still paying attention to cost and quality factors. This study analyzed the acceleration of project duration in the implementation of the Indramayu Regency Eretan ROB Handling Development Project with the addition of working hours (overtime) which varied from 1 hour of overtime to 3 hours of overtime and with the addition of manpower using the time cost trade off method. From the normal cost of Rp. 20,778,458,753 and a duration of 307 days with the analysis of the time cost trade off method, it was concluded that the most efficient addition of overtime hours was the addition of 3 hours of overtime with a cost of Rp. 20,275,217,792 for a duration of 244 days and for the most efficient addition of labor was the addition of manpower to 3 hours of overtime work at a cost of Rp. 20,295,750,961 durations of 244. So that the results of the most efficient analysis are by adding 3 hours of overtime work with a difference from the normal cost of Rp. 503,240,961 and with a difference in duration of 63 days from the normal duration.

Survey of Smokers Among Workers at One Facility: A Cross-sectional Study With Propensity Score Matching.

Smoking has been reported to be a risk factor for a variety of diseases. In Japan, the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) has been administered by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare since December 2015, but few reports have focused on its relationship with smoking. We investigated the current situation of smokers among staff of Kagoshima University who underwent a medical check-up. Of 2,478 people who underwent a medical check-up in May and June 2021, we targeted 2,237 workers who reported whether they smoked. We examined results of the medical check-up and BJSQ and the background of smokers (n=139, 6.2%). We compared smokers and non-smokers (n=2,098) using propensity score matching (PSM) for sex, age, drinking habits, medication for dyslipidaemia, and overtime working hours at a 1:1 ratio. The results showed that white blood cell count (p=0.044), platelet count (p<0.001), glutamyl transferase (p=0.023), and triglyceride (p=0.027) were significantly higher among current smokers in comparison with current non-smokers. Smokers reported significantly more stress than non-smokers in terms of social support (p=0.027). As a result of PSM, several blood test items related to non-communicable diseases (lifestyle-related diseases) showed high values in current smokers, and these individuals reported significantly more stress than non-smokers. According to the emphasis on group analysis in the Total Health Promotion Plan revised in 2020, our findings can be helpful in enhancing smoking cessation programs in the workplace.

Analysis of the correlation between overtime and workplace violence on nurses at Aceh Provincial Government Hospital

Background: Nurses are one of the professions that are prone to violence. In many cases, violence against nurses often goes undetected because they are not reported and do not have a compliant institution. Violence against nurses in the workplace can negatively affect performance and service quality. One aspect related to the incidence of violence is the excessive number of working hours (Overtime). Overtime is thought to have caused fatigue in nurses and reduced concentration, resulting in violent incidents. Therefore, it is necessary to research the relationship between overtime and workplace violence (WPV) (Physical violence and psychological violence) against nurses at Aceh Provincial Government Hospital.Methods: This research uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted at Aceh Provincial Government Hospital from May 31 to June 14, 2022. Of a total sample of 161 respondents, 127 could participate in this study, so the response rate was 78.9%. Thirty-four samples were excluded from prospective respondents because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Sampling used a total sampling technique, all nurses working in the emergency room, pediatric room, pediatric surgery room, internal medicine for men, and internal medicine at Aceh Provincial Government Hospital. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate.Results: The study found a relationship between overtime and psychological violence against nurses at Aceh Provincial Government Hospital (p=0.000). Meanwhile, there was no physical violence relationship between nurses at Aceh Provincial Government Hospital (p=0.290).Conclusions: Overtime working hours are related to incidents of psychological/non-physical violence against nurses working at Aceh Provincial Government Hospital.

Controversial regulatory issues related to the working hours of overtime work, rest period, downtime, stand-by duty and on-call duty in Hungarian law in the context of Euro-Atlantic law

In this study, we discuss the European regulation of working time, including the system of the working time banking. First, we review the standards set in Hungary and its application, then the regulations of individual European countries, broken down by country. In addition to the German, Austrian and Greek rules based on the German legal grounds, we also compare the labour law rules of Southern European countries, Scandinavian countries and East-Central Europe. The Anglo-Saxon legislation is also reviewed with its peculiarities.

The decline of paid overtime working in Britain

AbstractThe share of paid‐for overtime hours within total paid‐for hours worked in Britain has declined from 5.4% to 2.0% between 1997 and 2020. We investigate this decline, focussing on its distribution across full‐time (f/t) and part‐time males and females and across 19 one‐digit industries. It is established that f/t males are dominant in the decline both of overtime working and overtime hours. We explore the implications of the decline on the share of overtime pay within total pay as well as on the gender pay gap. We test for economic, structural and cyclical influences on overtime working via a two‐part regression model that allows us to differentiate between the incidence of overtime working and weekly overtime hours of overtime employees. We examine how paid‐for overtime has varied with collective bargaining coverage, low pay, the 2008 financial crisis, the arrival of Covid‐19, job mobility and the public/private sector dichotomy. Combined marginal effects of changes in the incidence of overtime working and weekly overtime hours are also provided. The influence of the decline of collective bargaining in the last two decades on overtime working is highlighted using Blinder–Oaxaca decompositions.

Overtime Work and the Incidence of Long-term Sickness Absence Due to Mental Disorders: A Prospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundAlthough previous research has focused on the association between long working hours and several mental health outcomes, little is known about the association in relation to mental health-related sickness absence, which is a measure of productive loss. We aimed to investigate the association between overtime work and the incidence of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) due to mental disorders.MethodsData came from the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study (J-ECOH). A total of 47,422 subjects were followed-up in the period between April 2012 and March 2017. Information on LTSA was obtained via a study-specific registry. Baseline information was obtained at an annual health checkup in 2011; overtime working hours were categorized into <45; 45–79; 80–99; and ≥100 hours/month.ResultsDuring a total follow-up period of 211,443 person-years, 536 people took LTSA due to mental disorders. A Cox proportional hazards model showed that compared to those with less than 45 hours/month of overtime work, those with 45–79 hours/month were at a lower risk of LTSA due to mental health problems (hazard ratio [HR] 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56–0.71) while those with overtime work of ≥100 hours/month had a 2.11 (95% CI, 1.12–3.98) times higher risk of LTSA due to mental health problems.ConclusionEngaging in excessive overtime work was linked with a higher risk of LTSA due to mental health problems while the lower risk observed among individuals working 45–79 hours/month of overtime work might have been due to a healthy worker effect.

Long Working Hours Indirectly Affect Psychosomatic Stress Responses via Complete Mediation by Irregular Mealtimes and Shortened Sleep Duration: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Long working hours are detrimental to physical and mental health. However, the association between long working hours and psychosomatic symptoms have remained controversial, possibly because of the existence of mediators between working hours and psychosomatic stress responses. We hypothesized that lifestyle habits, regarding sleep and mealtimes, act as mediators, and analyzed the associations between long working hours, sleep duration, mealtime regularity, and psychosomatic stress responses in office workers. Methods: From April 2017 to March 2018, an online cross-sectional survey regarding overtime work hours, work-related stress, sleep, and eating habits was conducted with employees of 17 companies located in Tokyo, Japan. Answers were obtained from 3559 employees, and 3100 provided written consent for the academic use of their answers, and were included in the analysis. A path analysis was conducted to assess the effect of overtime work on psychosomatic stress via shortened sleep or irregular mealtimes. Results: Overtime work hours had no direct effect on psychosomatic stress responses and depressive symptoms. However, overtime work hours affected sleep duration and the regularity of mealtimes. The effects of overtime work hours on psychosomatic stress responses and depressive symptoms were completely mediated by sleep duration and the regularity of mealtimes. Conclusion: Long working hours do not affect mental health directly; however, shortened sleep duration and irregular mealtimes mediate the effect of long working hours on psychosomatic stress responses and depressive symptoms.

Transition and future tasks of occupational health practice in small and mid-sized companies in the city of Sapporo

This study aimed to examine the present state of activities of occupational health physicians (OHPs) and companies' opinions about them.Questionnaires, to be answered anonymously, were sent to 1,898 companies with ≥ 50 employees. We analyzed the data according to type of industry and the size of the company.We received 692 responses. First, we compared the data with the results of a previous study we had conducted in 2003. The percentage of companies that employed OHPs was found to have increased from 77% to 97%. The implementation rate of work place inspection conducted by OHPs had increased from 41% to 65%, and the attendance rate of health committees increased from 24% to 56%. Regarding overtime, we found that the percentage of workers who did more than 80 hours of overtime work per month had decreased from 29% to 7%, but in the transportation industry the high rate of 38% was maintained. Stress assessments were conducted by 98% of the companies with ≥ 50 employees.This study determined the present situation in companies, with regard to recent law revisions. Stress assessments are carried out more frequently, the number of workers doing overtime has decreased, and measures against second-hand smoke are being promoted. In addition, we found an increase in the frequency of work place inspection and attendance of health committees, but in one-third of the companies these were not carried out.

Burnout among pharmacy professionals in Qatar: A cross-sectional study.

BackgroundPharmacists’ roles and responsibilities have expanded in the modern pharmacy profession, and the expectations from pharmacists have increased. This has been associated with new psychological challenges and emotional stress that can induce burnout.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome and factors associated with burnout among pharmacy professionals in the healthcare system in Qatar.MethodsThis institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 pharmacy professionals within Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) in Qatar. Convenience sampling was followed. The survey utilized the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) Toolkit™ for Medical Personnel and a modified version of the Astudillo and Mendinueta questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 16 for Windows and SAS Studio 3.8 (Enterprise Edition). P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsOne hundred ninety-four pharmacy professionals (23%) responded to the survey. The prevalence of burnout was 19.7% [95% Confidence interval (CI); 13.8% - 26.8%] among 142 respondents who completed MBI questionnaire and 17.3% [95% CI; 11.7%-24.2%] among 139 respondents who completed Astudillo Mendinueta questionnaire. The most commonly reported factors that may lead to burnout were: tension and lack of organization in teamwork (59.6%), lack of recognition of or indifference to effort from patients, superiors, and colleagues (58.2%), and demanding and challenging patients and family members (56.7%). Multiple regression analysis showed that overtime working hours per month is independently associated with a higher risk of burnout [odds ratio (OR), 1.57; 95% CI, 1.15–2.14 for each 10-hours increase in monthly overtime, P = 0.005], while non-Arab ethnicity is associated with lower risk of burnout [OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.1–0.75; P = 0.012].ConclusionsThere is a relatively low prevalence of burnout syndrome among health-system pharmacy professionals in Qatar. Overtime working hours and Arab ethnicity are independently associated with burnout.