Outer Peripheral Portion Research Articles

Neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging for microstructure and residual strain in induction hardened gears

A time-of-flight Bragg-edge neutron transmission imaging was used to investigate the microstructure and strain distributions in a gear hardened by a newly developed two-step induction-heating method: precursor (Sample 1) and final product (Sample 2). The edge-position and edge-broadening were determined and mapped with high spatial resolution, which enabled us to confirm the two-dimensional distributions of the microstructure and residual strain. A deep hardened layer was made for Sample 1 in which martensite was formed on the entire teeth and the outer peripheral portion of the gear body. Sample 2 was subjected to double induction-hardening, where a tempered martensite was formed as the thermal refined microstructure between a fine-grained martensite at the tooth surface and a ferrite-pearlite microstructure at the core. The relationship between edge-broadening and the Vickers hardness described by a linear equation was employed to derive the elastic residual strain. The residual strain map for Sample 2 revealed that a steep compressive strain was introduced into the fine-grained martensite at the tooth surface by the super rapid induction-heating and quenching process. The reversal of tension was speculated to occur below 2 mm from the tooth tip, and the strain was almost zero in the core region.

Juvenile fibroadenoma with features of phyllodes tumor showing intraductal growth and prominent epithelial hyperplasia in an 11-year-old girl

Breast tumors in children are uncommon, with the majority of them being adult-type fibroadenoma (FA). We report a case of juvenile FA (JFA) with features of a benign phyllodes tumor (PT) in an 11-year-old girl, showing very unusual intraductal/intracystic growth. The tumor was located at the outer peripheral portion of the right breast apart from the nipple. Histologically, the tumor showed extensive leaf-like papillary structures with a broad fibrous stroma, protruding into multiple contiguous cystic spaces lined by flat ductal epithelium, and closely resembled PT but the stroma of the tumor was only slightly cellular, showing no nuclear atypia and very few mitotic figures. In contrast, epithelial cells covering the fronds exhibited marked hyperplasia, forming a thick multilayered epithelium. The histology of the tumor with intracystic papillary structures and epithelial hyperplasia showed some similarities with intraductal papilloma (IDP). The mechanism of such unusual intraductal growth of fibroepithelial tumors, including FA/JFA and PT, and their possible common histogenesis with IDP are discussed.

ELECTROSTATIC CAPACITIVE VIBRATING SENSOR

An electrostatic capacitive vibration sensor has a substrate, a through-hole, a vibrating electrode plate, and a fixed electrode plate opposite the vibrating electrode plate. The fixed electrode plate is subjected to vibration to perform membrane oscillation. Pluralities of acoustic holes are made in the fixed electrode plate. The vibrating and fixed electrode plate are disposed on a surface side of the substrate such that an opening on the surface side of the through-hole is covered. A lower surface of an outer peripheral portion of the vibrating electrode plate is partially fixed to the substrate. A vent hole that communicates a surface side and a rear surface side of the vibrating electrode plate is made between the surface of the substrate and the lower surface of the vibrating electrode plate. In addition, the acoustic hole has a smaller opening area except at the outer peripheral portion.

PIEZOELECTRIC SPEAKER, SPEAKER APPARATUS, AND TACTILE FEEDBACK APPARATUS

A piezoelectric speaker that includes an electrode formed on opposing main surfaces of a piezoelectric sheet having a predetermined stretching axis and made of a chiral polymer. The electrode is divided into four electrode portions by a plurality of dividing lines extending in a radiation direction. The four electrode portions are distributed along the outer peripheral portion except for the central portion of a vibration region. Voltage is applied to the respective four electrode portions in such a manner that electric field vectors generated in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric sheet direct in opposite directions between the adjacent ones of four sheet portions of the piezoelectric sheet to which voltage is applied by the electrode portions.

Frame for speaker device and speaker device

A frame for a speaker device has an annular outer peripheral portion. The outer peripheral portion includes plural wall portions concentrically formed. An end surface of the wall portion on an inner circumferential side of the outer peripheral portion is formed at a position recessed as compared with an end surface of the wall portion on an outer circumferential side in a direction of a central axis of the outer peripheral portion.

Dome type diaphragm and loudspeaker apparatus

A loudspeaker apparatus includes a frame having an opening portion, a magnetic circuit constructed within the opening portion, a voice coil 27 in which a rear opening end portion is inserted into a magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit, a dome type diaphragm covered over the front opening end portion of the voice coil, and an edge for holding an outer peripheral portion of the voice coil freely vibratingly, with the outer peripheral edge attached on an opening portion of the frame. A reinforcing portion formed at an outer peripheral edge of the dome type diaphragm is formed of a flat portion and a cone portion, and has a shape of being folded back in a sound radiating direction toward a front.

Piezoelectric electro-acoustic transducer

A piezoelectric electro-acoustic transducer includes a piezoelectric vibration plate having a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic layers laminated to each other with an internal electrode being interposed between the ceramic layers, and main surface electrodes provided on the front and back surfaces thereof, whereby area bending vibration is produced by applying an AC signal between the main surface electrodes and the internal electrode, respectively, a resin film having a size that is greater than the piezoelectric vibration plate and having the piezoelectric vibration plate bonded substantially to the central portion of the surface thereof, and a casing which accommodates the piezoelectric vibration plate and the resin film. The piezoelectric vibration plate has an area of about 40% to about 70% of that of the resin film. The inner peripheral surface of the case is provided with a supporting portion having a frame shape that is larger than that of the piezoelectric vibration plate, and the outer peripheral portion of the resin film having no piezoelectric vibration plate bonded thereto is supported by the supporting portion of the case.

Electronic pad with vibration isolation features

The present invention is intended to provide an electronic cymbal having improved accuracy for detecting a striking force and a striking position without hampering a striking sensation and an appearance. A piezoelectric sensor 5 and a cup portion sheet sensor 8 provided on a portion of a cup portion formed into a dome shape at a center of a cover 2 on a first frame 3 having the cover 2 formed out of a soft material, the cover 2 spreading to contact with an upper surface of the first frame 3 , and an edge upper portion sheet sensor 7 and an edge lower portion sheet sensor 6 provided on an outer peripheral edge portion 3 b formed to be lowered by a step are provided, and a center of a second frame 4 is supported by a cymbal stand (shaft) 10 penetrating an opening portion at a center of the first frame 3.

Electroacoustic transducer apparatus

An electroacoustic transducer apparatus forming a headphone of a so-called in-the-ear type is provided with an air passage portion (10) formed through at least one of a housing (16) and an elastic ring member (1) attached to the outer peripheral portion of the housing (16) so as to communicate the inside and outside portions of a concave portion of the used cavum concha.

Earseal for sound-attenuating earcup assembly

A resilient annular earseal for sealing the region between an earcup shell and a wearer's head is formed with an aperture for receiving the wearer's ear and has an outer peripheral portion projecting a predetermined first distance toward the wearer's head and an inner peripheral portion projecting a predetermined second distance toward the wearer's head that is appreciably greater than the first distance. Since the inner peripheral portion contacts the wearer's head along a strip that is closer to the ear, and hence more predictable in its three-dimensional contour, it forms an effective seal around the entire periphery of the ear.

Ear piece transducer

An ear piece transducer having a housing incorporating therein an electroacoustic transducer element, the housing being inserted into a concave portion of an auricle, and a ring member having resiliency sufficient to enable it to be attached to the outer peripheral portion of the housing, the ring member being formed so as to be thickest in one radial direction.

Ultrasonic motor using bending, longitudinal and torsional vibrations

An ultrasonic motor having a cantilever type longitudinal/torsional vibration coupling element with a beam and a rotor rotated by the vibration of the beam. The rotor is provided with contacting surface for only contacting the beam in the outer peripheral portion of the surface of the beam away from the torsional vibration axis of the beam.

Coaxial multiway planar diaphragm type loudspeaker system

A coaxial multi-way planar diaphragm loudspeaker system having inner and outer frames rigidly coupled to each other. An inner peripheral edge portion of a planar diaphragm for the bass-range and an outer peripheral edge portion of a planar diaphragm for the mid-range are commonly supported by a common edge supporting member which is rigidly coupled to the front surface of the inner frame. A single backchamber is provided for the mid-range and higher-range speaker units to separate them from the rear chamber of the bass-range loudspeaker unit. The backchamber has an inclined surface portion extending toward the the rear-side of the bass-range loudspeaker unit. The driver units for the treble-ranges are attached to the frame through a mounting bracket having an oblong screw hole so that they can first be assembled then accurately positioned.

Vibration dampening ring

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