Supervision Outcomes Research Articles

South Korean supervisors’ multicultural orientation and satisfactory multicultural supervision: Mediating effects of supervisory working alliance and supervision outcomes.

South Korean supervisors’ multicultural orientation and satisfactory multicultural supervision: Mediating effects of supervisory working alliance and supervision outcomes.

Risk-averse behavior and incentive policies: A new perspective on spatial–temporal traceability supervision in construction logistics supply chains

Spatial-temporal decision support systems (STDSS) serve as a crucial strategy for enhancing operational governance and mitigating risk within construction logistics. However, construction supply chains involve many opaque stakeholders, hindering whole industry compliance monitoring. This research formulates a tripartite evolutionary game model that scrutinizes the strategic interactions among government regulators, carriers, and contractors, thereby offering insights into the collaborative supervision outcomes shaped by these stakeholder engagements. Government regulators choose intelligent supervision incentives versus regular oversight. Carriers decide whether to invest in STDSS or not. Contractors cooperate by enrolling or declining STDSS. As key STDSS investors, carriers’ decisions are investigated under varying risk preferences in an extension model. This examines how government incentives influence long-term intelligent supervision and risk aversion behavior emergence to improve safety and quality across construction supply chains. Our findings indicate that increased adverse events motivate government regulators to adopt STDSS incentives for oversight, though carriers and contractors are not necessarily prompted to implement STDSS themselves. Escalating risk aversion reduces carrier STDSS adoption likelihood as they maintain basic services. Carriers perceiving contractor free riding as unfair competition also demotivates STDSS rollout. Although larger subsidies initially raise STDSS implementation probability, carriers become unwilling to adopt STDSS over time even with greater subsidies. In summary, adverse events drive regulator but not necessarily carrier and contractor STDSS adoption, while risk aversion, perceived fairness and changing subsidy effectiveness over time shape carrier decisions.

Opportunities for success: perceptions of intensive supervision probation with services

ABSTRACT Probation remains at the forefront in relation to criminal justice supervision strategies. Many variations of probation exist, including intensive forms of community supervision for individuals classified as higher risk. Debate remains ongoing as to the efficacy of such forms of supervision, but most scholars agree that paired with services and treatment, community supervision at a variety of levels holds promise though the degree to which those under supervision agree remains in question. The current study examines the perceptions of those under an intensive supervision and services program, highlighting the experiences of 90 individuals participating in an intensive supervision with services program. Utilizing flexible coding and thematic analysis of responses to open-ended questions regarding the nature of supervision experiences, the results lend insight into what is perceived to be working – or challenging – regarding participation. Most participants indicated the structure, clarity, and service access promoted overall well-being and potential desistance, though structural challenges and time demands could limit the longer-term effectiveness of this type of supervision. These findings suggest probation programs may incorporate specific components to better supervision outcomes.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Electronic Monitoring with Probationers

ABSTRACT Despite growth in the use of electronic monitoring (EM), and Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) tracking in particular over the last 20 years, limited research has examined the effectiveness of these approaches on community supervision outcomes (e.g. likelihood of failure on community supervision). This study makes use of data from over 59,000 probation cases collected over a 40-year time span in a midwestern state. Using Propensity Score Matching (PSM), the study compares the rates of unsuccessful sentence completion among those who were supervised with and without any EM (and also GPS specifically). Results reveal that after matching cases on a variety of relevant controls (e.g. demographics, risk level, current offense type), those receiving EM while on probation were significantly more likely to fail to complete their term of supervision, with similar results for those who received GPS, specifically. Limitations of the study and implications for the use of EM/GPS with probationers as a potential alternative to prison are discussed.

Supervision Encounters “That Are Not So Nice”: Experiences of Teachers in Guyana

Expected positive outcomes of teacher supervision in Guyana are not always achieved. This qualitative study explores forces that may be hindering desirable outcomes of supervision provided by Nursery Field Officers (NFOs) and is intended to be an attempt to improve practice. Through thematic analysis of interviews with 30 teachers, five critical areas of undesirable encounters were discovered. These encounters were framed as fault-finding, controlling and mechanically oriented, unproductive, emotionally unsettling, and disruptive. Caution about the danger of identification of pedagogical weaknesses in the absence of accompanying solutions and recommendations is flagged, and remedial strategies are identified. The findings reframe, reinforce, and complement existing knowledge about educational supervision, serve to chronicle Guyanese teachers’ experiences with the supervision of NFOs, and might be informative to professional development programs that rely on supervision to sustain pedagogical growth. Program providers and other stakeholders might find the teachers’ experiences a reference point to consider critical issues regarding the quality of and approach to supervision.

Resultado de la supervisión de la educación profesional de los consejeros escolares en formación

Professionalization efforts for school counselors through professional education, which are strengthened by supervision during the educational process, aim to improve their clinical and multicultural competence, which is essential in providing guidance and counseling services in schools. Using a quantitative approach and the Supervision Outcome Scale analyzed using the Rasch model, this study examined supervision conducted by university and field supervisors of internship counselors. The results showed that supervision outcomes were in the moderate category in competency development. However, a closer look revealed variations in the level of difficulty of item agreement based on supervisors' perspectives. The study also highlighted challenges in achieving maximum supervision outcomes, including limited internship time. While this study provides important insights into supervision outcomes, limitations such as using a quantitative approach may only partially capture the complexity of the supervision process. Recommendations for future research include using qualitative methods, exploring other factors that reveal supervision outcomes, and researching the impact of internship duration on counselor competency development.

Beyond multicultural competency: a scoping review of multicultural orientation in psychotherapy and clinical supervision

Purpose Psychotherapy and clinical supervision outcomes are influenced by client and supervisee factors, one of which is cultural identity. Those with diverse racial and ethnic minoritised identities often experience disparities in therapy outcomes. Therapists and supervisors need to be responsive to the identity of those they support. The multicultural orientation (MCO) framework is an emerging concept in psychotherapy and clinical supervision that may offer these practitioners a framework to be responsive. Design/methodology/approach A preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews was conducted. Six databases, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Academic Search Complete, Web of Science and PsychInfo, were searched for peer-reviewed literature published in English between the years 2000 and 2023. Findings A total of 1,553 sources were identified, of which (n = 42) are included in this review. Findings suggest that MCO is still in its infancy as applied to therapy and clinical supervision. Most of the research has been conducted in America, using quantitative methodologies with white western populations. Cultural humility is the most studied MCO pillar, and variables such as reductions in psychological stress, the working alliance and microaggressions are reported on as outcomes. MCO applied to the group therapy process is an emerging finding of interest. However, more research is needed, especially experiential designs across different and diverse populations and contexts. Originality/value MCO is an emerging therapy and clinical supervision process that has the potential to improve the outcomes for therapy clients and supervisees. Further research is needed to replicate current studies, and further research with diverse populations, countries and contexts should be undertaken as a priority.

Learning Doctoral Supervision in Education: A Case Study of On-the-Job Development of Effective Mentoring Practices

Aim/Purpose: In this case study research, we aimed to understand the development of effective doctoral supervision practices in Educational Research by examining supervisors’ experiences as doctoral students and how they learned their evolving supervision and mentoring roles as professors. Background: Doctoral supervision is shaped by institutional systems, program structures, research cultures, and national guidelines. Supervisors impact doctoral students’ research experiences, academic success, and personal growth. Many new professors lack formal training, rely on their own experiences being supervised, and learn how to supervise effectively through trial and error and on the job. Methodology: Our case study research involved interviewing five tenured, mid-career doctoral supervisors who were deemed effective based on doctoral student completions. Using reflexive thematic analysis and evaluative coding of interview transcripts, we identified two key findings and nine themes to describe supervisors’ experiences as doctoral students and their on-the-job development and practices as supervisors. Contribution: This study highlights how experiences being supervised as a doctoral student impact and influence the development of supervision practices in combination with various experiences of learning on-the-job during one’s academic career. We expand understanding of the complexity of supervision practice and uncover differences between contemporary contexts and past experiences being supervised. We demonstrate how several supervisors translated impoverished experiences with their own supervisor into targeted efforts to learn how to effectively supervise their own students, to change history, and to deliberately not supervise the way they were supervised. Findings: Two findings are presented: (1) experiences being supervised influence early supervision practices, and (2) learning to supervise on-the-job happens in a variety of ways. Nine themes describe how supervisors’ experiences being supervised influenced their supervisory practices and the various informal on-the-job development approaches, such as learning from students, colleagues, and prior career experiences. Findings highlight the roles of doctoral supervisors, academic peers, doctoral students, programs, and institutions that contribute to developing effective supervisory practices. In our case study, we demonstrate how supervisors can transform academic and research cultures over time. Recommendations for Practitioners: Institutions, programs, and supervisors play crucial roles in ensuring doctoral student success. Institutions should offer structured professional learning and peer mentoring that supports supervisors in developing effective practices early in their careers. By leveraging study findings, institutions can design professional learning opportunities that increase faculty adoption of effective supervision practices and accelerate their learning. Recommendation for Researchers: Given the vital role played by supervisors in research training and talent development of the next generation of researchers and leaders across society, we argue it is crucial to understand and optimize the ways in which doctoral supervisors develop effective supervisory practice as a matter of ongoing research interest. Future research can investigate the importance of intergenerational learning and knowledge transfer in academia, encouraging a more reflective and informed approach to supervisory development. Impact on Society: Findings can inform how to maximize individual, institutional, and governmental investments in higher education. This research can improve outcomes in doctoral education by expanding effective, research-informed development of supervisory practices. Quality supervision impacts doctoral students’ academic success, mental health, and career progression. Understanding supervisory lineage enables universities to enhance current and future doctoral experiences. Future Research: Four questions are provided to guide and promote supervisory development and ongoing research. There is an ongoing need to examine how supervisors and doctoral students define the impact and outcomes of successful supervision and mentoring practices beyond the completion of the thesis.

The Organizational Outcomes of Supervision in Settings Addressing Violence Against Women: A Scoping Review

Violence against women (VAW) is a prevailing social issue which requires human service organizations to provide a range of services to survivors. Workplace-based supervision in settings that seek to address VAW is an essential component of quality service. This scoping review of seven studies maps the available evidence of supervision in settings that seek to address VAW. Research studies were identified through sub-sampling literature identified in a scoping review on the organizational outcomes of supervision in the human services summarizing the evidence published between 2011 and 2022 including all articles which specifying a VAW setting. Guided by scoping review methodology, this review synthesizes the evidence related to supervision within these settings, identifying study characteristics, key concepts, methodological approaches, and outcomes. The state and nature of the literature are outlined, and avenues for further research discussed.

Commitment or rent-seeking? Government incentive policies for ESG reporting in sustainable e-commerce logistics

In the sphere of e-commerce logistics industry, the credibility of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) reports by e-commerce logistics service providers (ELSPs) is critical for accurately conveying sustainability initiatives with transparency. Nonetheless, the actions of ESG rating stakeholders can significantly affect the truthfulness and authenticity of these ESG reports. Therefore, it becomes essential to develop comprehensive analytical methods and incentives policies to forestall any rent-seeking behavior that might emerge from potential collusion between ELSPs and ESG rating agencies (ERAs). This study presents a tripartite evolutionary game model to inspect the enduring strategic interplay among ELSPs, ERAs, and government regulators. The model illuminates the collective supervision outcomes molded by these stakeholder interactions. Choices available include ELSPs' decision to offer ESG-committed or basic services, ERAs' consideration to accept or decline rent-seeking requests from ELSPs, and regulators' options for either stringent or lenient supervision. The analysis also explores the influence of government incentives, such as rewards or penalties, in promoting ELSPs' provision of ESG-committed transportation services. Evolutionary stable strategies and conditions are then derived to capture the feature of incentive policies. The findings show that high ESG commitment transportation costs often deter ELSPs due to unpredictable future revenues, leading them to prefer a conservative strategy of providing basic services. Government regulations and incentives, however, can encourage in ESG transport, especially when ERAs’ rent-seeking charges are high. Despite the potential for relaxed supervision as ESG transport services become more widespread, strict government regulation remains crucial in motivating ELSPs to enhance their ESG commitment and adopt ESG transportation services.

Supervisee perspectives on improving cultural responsivity in clinical supervision

Culturally responsive supervision has been shown to improve the supervisory relationship and supervision outcomes. This article considers the perspectives of 131 supervisees (trainee/qualified Clinical Psychologists, Counselling Psychologists and CBT Therapists) to better understand what may be required to improve culturally responsive supervisory practices. Supervisees completed an online survey and opted into responding to five free text questions. A qualitative approach was used to further explore their answers using thematic analysis. Five major themes were found from the data: integrating race/ethnicity into the profession, attending to the supervisory relationship, increasing cultural competence, addressing the power dynamic, and promoting cultural humility. It was proposed that the supervisor needs to initiate and lead cultural conversations safely and sensitively, particularly as supervisees may be at varying stages of their own cultural development. Supervisees also felt that supervisors should take responsibility to develop their personal and professional cultural identity due to the existing power dynamics inherent within the supervisory relationship. The responsibility of training programmes and professional bodies was also highlighted in integrating cultural responsivity into clinical training on a wider level.

SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI TPACK GURU

The objective of this study is to investigate, elucidate, and analyze the academic oversight provided by the school principal in enhancing the proficiency of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) among teachers at SMK N 1 Karanganyar. The present study employs a qualitative study methodology utilizing a case study methodology. The data has been obtained from the paperwork provided by the statistical data informant. Various data collection procedures encompass interviews, observations, documentation, and surveys. Data analysis involves the process of reducing data, presenting data, and deriving descriptive findings. Data authenticity is achieved through the utilization of source triangulation. The research findings demonstrate the significance of TPACK competency in enhancing the overall quality of the learning process. Furthermore, the use of academic supervision has the potential to enhance the proficiency of teachers in integrating technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge (TPACK). The TPACK supervision outcomes at SMK N 1 Karanganyar, yielding an average score of 4.72, are categorized as "excellent". The primary focus of this research is to improve the educators Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) by developing their proficiency in Technological Knowledge (TK), Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), and Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK). The objective is to investigate how these abilities contribute to the enhancement of learning outcomes within the classroom setting. Keywords: Academic Supervision; Headmaster; the educators TPACK Capabilities; Learning Quality

Supervising Local Cadres in China: The Quest for Authoritarian Accountability

This article examines the compatibility of authoritarianism and accountability through groundbreaking research on citizen supervision of local state agents, a novel form of accountability politics that has been underway in China for a decade. Based on an in-depth political ethnography of the Citizen Monitoring Organization in Wenzhou, this article examines how the authoritarian instrument that produces relations of domination can be turned into a bonanza for public accountability. The article demonstrates that local leaders may encourage citizens to help restrain the exercise of power in the lower state echelons when agent malfeasance is considered a threat to local leaders' career advancement. This opportunity structure leads to the mechanism of “state-backed supervision”: enlisted citizen participants draw on the delegated and entitled authority of the state to demand accountability from local state agents. Examining the logic, dynamics, limitations, and outcomes of state-backed supervision, this article identifies a novel pathway to accountability in authoritarianism.

Organizational Outcomes of Supervision within Human Services: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT Workplace-based supervision is positioned as a resource within human service organizations with the potential to enhance practitioner well-being and performance under stressful, demanding conditions. This article presents a scoping review synthesizing 175 empirical peer-reviewed publications between 2011 and 2021, including study characteristics, key concepts, methods, and outcomes examined. Providing a comprehensive perspective as its unique contribution, this review mapped the supervision outcomes across the international, multi-disciplinary human services literature. It generally reported the beneficial impact of workplace-based supervision, with notable positive impacts found for competence, implementation, job satisfaction, wellbeing, and retention. Our analysis provides support for workplace-based supervision as an organizational investment.

Relationship between abusive supervision and workers' well-being in construction projects: effects of guanxi closeness and trust in managers

PurposeThe high-pressure nature of the construction industry, along with the COVID-19 pandemic, triggered abusive supervision (i.e. workplace bullying and incivility behaviour) that has diminished workers' well-being. However, despite the growing prevalence in practice and increasing concern in academia, abusive supervision remains largely unexplored by construction management scholars. This study aims to fill the gap in the current literature by analysing the effects of abusive supervision on construction workers' well-being, the mediating role of guanxi closeness and the moderating role of trust in the manager.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was completed by 258 Chinese construction workers. The data underwent mediation and moderation analyses using PROCESS macro 3.5 for SPSS.FindingsThe results revealed that managers' abusive supervision reduced construction workers' well-being at work and in life. Guanxi closeness between manager and workers mediated the relationship between managers' abusive supervision and construction workers' well-being. Additionally, trust in managers moderated the mediating effect of guanxi closeness. This study further revealed that the emotional connection between construction managers and workers, such as expressive guanxi closeness and affective-based trust, is important in handling the impact of abusive supervision on the workers.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study provide support for recent calls to address negative manager behaviours such as abusive supervision in construction management. They aid the development of a more comprehensive internal mechanism that considers the influence of guanxi closeness on the outcomes of abusive supervision by managers at construction sites. Additionally, interventions that develop trust in managers may be particularly effective in alleviating the tension of abusive supervision. More attention should be paid to managers' emotional connections in daily construction project management.Originality/valueRather than concentrate on positive leadership, this study shifts the focus to negative leadership in construction project management by identifying abusive supervision as a negative primary antecedent of workers' well-being. While prior research has highlighted how negative manager behaviours affect workers' well-being from the conservation of resources theory (COR) perspective, this study is the first, to the authors’ knowledge, to adopt a social exchange theory perspective by introducing guanxi closeness as a mediator. It contributes to a greater understanding of how trust in the manager alleviates the negative effect of the person's abusive supervision on construction workers.

Abusive supervision and employee unethical pro-organizational behavior: a moderated mediation model of moral disengagement and traditionality

PurposeThis study aims to understand how abusive supervision influences employees’ unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). In particular, the mediating effect of moral disengagement and moderating role of traditionality on this relationship were examined.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted a two-wave questionnaire survey using data collected from 629 employees from different companies in China. Moderated mediation analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results show that moral disengagement mediates the relationship between abusive supervision and employees’ UPB. Employee traditionality enhances the relationship between abusive supervision and moral disengagement as well as the indirect effect of abusive supervision on employees’ UPB via moral disengagement.Originality/valueFirst, by exploring the positive impact of abusive supervision on UPB, the authors enhance the current understanding of the role of negative leadership in the development of UPB and enrich the research on the antecedents of UPB and outcomes of abusive supervision. Second, based on social cognitive theory, this study enriches the literature on abusive supervision and employee UPB by identifying moral disengagement as a mediator. Third, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the authors are among the first to incorporate traditionality to tell a Chinese story about how traditional employees respond to the effects of abusive supervision on UPB, providing a new lens for the cultural boundary condition in the occurrence mechanism of UPB.

Teacher candidates’ reflections on the learning outcomes of video-based supervision

Thorough supervision during field placement is vital to support teacher candidates' reflective capacity and professional development. Moreover, a coherent teacher education also requires shared beliefs and visions among teacher candidates, mentor teachers and higher education teachers of what constitutes good teaching and learning across contexts. Hence, the present study explores how a project with video-based supervision aided by a theoretical framework for analysis of teaching interactions may facilitate such shared beliefs and improve the quality of field-based training for teacher candidates in Norway. Qualitative individual interviews with teacher candidates (n = 7) identify some key dimensions of reported learning outcomes of such supervision from the teacher candidates’ perspectives. Most prominent among these are raised self-awareness, enhanced professional confidence, improved knowledge about key components in lesson planning, and the ability to better analyse and understand complex teaching interactions. However, more research is needed to explore subject-specific differences in the use and relevance of the theoretical framework as a basis for video-based supervision.

A Rapid Review of Literature on Factors Associated with Adult Probation Revocations

ABSTRACT Criminal justice stakeholders have increasingly relied on probation supervision as an alternative to incarceration and yet, probation revocations often result in incarceration. As such, increased understanding of the mechanisms behind revocations and strategies to reduce them is critical. We conduct a rapid review of the literature on factors associated with probation revocations. Specifically, we review 50 articles on how probation officer behavior, officer-client relationships, caseload size, supervision intensity, monetary sanctions, probation client characteristics, or programming and services are associated with probation revocations. Though the literature is limited, and findings are mixed, the most consistent findings indicate that officer-client relationships involving trust, support, respect, and empathy as well as reduced caseload sizes and cognitive behavioral therapy programs are associated with probation success while intensive supervision programs; greater monetary sanctions and nonpayment of those sanctions; and being Black and less educated are associated with poorer supervision outcomes. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are discussed.

Health services supervision in a protracted crisis: a qualitative study into supportive supervision practices in South Sudan

BackgroundThe health system in South Sudan faces extreme domestic resource constraints, low capacity, and protracted humanitarian crises. Supportive supervision is believed to improve the quality of health care and service delivery by compensating for flaws in health workforce management. This study aimed to explore the current supervision practices in South Sudan and identify areas for quality improvement.MethodsThe study employed qualitative approaches to collect and analyse data from six purposefully selected counties. Data were collected from 194 participants using semi-structured interviews (43 health managers) and focus group discussions (151 health workers). Thematic content analysis was used to yield an in-depth understanding of the supervision practices in the health sector.ResultsThe study found that integrated supportive supervision and monitoring visits were the main approaches used for health services supervision in South Sudan. Supportive supervision focused more on health system administration and less on clinical matters. Although fragmented, supportive supervision was carried out quarterly, while monitoring visits were either conducted monthly or ad hoc. Prioritization for supportive supervision was mainly data driven. Paper-based checklists were the most commonly used supervision tools. Many supervisors had no formal training on supportive supervision and only learned on the job. The health workers received on-site verbal feedback and, most times, on-the-job training sessions through coaching and mentorship. Action plans developed during supervision were inadequately followed up due to insufficient funding. Insecurity, poor road networks, lack of competent health managers, poor coordination, and lack of adequate means of transport were some of the challenges experienced during supervision. The presumed outcomes of supportive supervision were improvements in human resource management, drug management, health data reporting, teamwork, and staff respect for one another.ConclusionSupportive supervision remains a daunting task in the South Sudan health sector due to a combination of external and health system factors. Our study findings suggest that strengthening the processes and providing inputs for supervision should be prioritized if quality improvement is to be attained. This necessitates stronger stewardship from the Ministry of Health, integration of different supervision practices, investment in the capacity of the health workforce, and health infrastructure development.

The relationship between mental health, risk, and community supervision outcomes

PurposeThe current study explores the relationship between mental health conditions and supervision compliance and recidivism. Prior research consistently reports no support for a direct relationship. As an alternative, the relationship between mental health and compliance may be indirect or spurious. MethodsData from a sample of 438 individuals on probation for a felony offense from 2015 to 2020 were used to explore the relationship between mental health problems and compliance. An individual's risk score, mental health score, recidivism, and probation non-compliance was measured. ResultsAn individual's mental health score is positively related to recidivism and probation non-compliance. When controlling for risk, however, this direct relationship becomes insignificant. Instead, mental health conditions and probation non-compliance appear to be indirectly related through the mediating factor of risk. ConclusionsOur findings show the same risk and needs for general offending apply to the sub-population of individuals on probation and living with a mental illness. When predicting, preventing, and reacting to individuals living with mental illnesses and their involvement in the criminal justice system, the specific risk/needs identified should be targeted during treatment and supervision.