Outcome Of Ocular Trauma Research Articles

Open Globe Injury with Corneal Laceration Full-Thickness, Anterior Lens Capsule Rupture, and Traumatic Cataract

Introduction: Ocular trauma is a common, preventable cause of visual impairment. Mechanical eye injuries affect the eye in many ways ranging from mild to severe morbidity. In this case, we inform the sequence of what we found in this ocular trauma and how we treat this case. Case Presentation: A 26-year-old male patient presented with pain and stiffness in the right eye. The patient was involved in an accident 16 hours before being admitted to the emergency room. Previously, the patient had been taken to a secondary hospital. No medications were given. The patient was referred directly to a tertiary hospital for further management. The visual acuity of the right eye and left eye were 1/300 and 6/6. Soft palpation indicated decreased intraocular pressure (IOP) on the right eye. Slit lamp examination found conjunctival hyperemia, full-thickness corneal laceration, irregular iris, posterior synechiae, declining pupil reflex, and hazy lens. Fundus reflex declined. The right eyeball exploration showed a membrane at the camera oculi anterior and a suspected hazy lens with mass and capsule of the lens. Doubtful prognosis on the right eyeball. Conclusions: The outcome of ocular trauma might be debatable and vary in any condition. Proper management can avoid unprecedented complications and improve patient visual results. A good perspective will also make satisfied both the patient and the physician.

PROFILE OF OCULAR TRAUMA PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA, A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the patterns, presentations of ocular trauma, todetermine the groups at risk, types of injuries, analyze visual outcomes of ocular trauma in patients presenting at our hospital. Method –It is a prospective hospital based study done over a period of one year on ocular trauma patientsbetween Jan 2020 – Dec 2020.All consecutive, consenting patients with ocular trauma were interviewed with the aid of a questionnaire and underwent a detailed eye examination. Results: The study included 100 patients .Males were affected in 82%cases. The highest incidence of trauma was seen in the age group of 21-30 years( 29%).Children below 10 years were found in 12 % cases.Blunt trauma was found in 49% whereas penetrating injuries were found in 44 %. The most common site of injury was the cornea(30.58%). Keywords: ocular trauma, eye injuries, penetrating eye injuries, hyphaema

PATTERN, RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOME OF OCULAR TRAUMA IN CHILDREN TREATED AT SOHAG UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Purpose: To assess the pattern, risk factors and outcome of ocular trauma in children treated atSohag University Hospital. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted to providean epidemiological data. This study included all children admitted to the Ophthalmology Department,via the Emergency Department, at Sohag University Hospital, in the period between May 2010and April 2011 with ocular trauma. Patients were analyzed with respect to: (1) demographics,(2) time, place and nature of trauma, (3) type of injury, (4) Interval between trauma and start oftreatment, (5) management and (6) visual outcomes following repair. Results: Sixty childrenwith ocular injuries presented to the ER, at Sohag University Hospital, between May 2010 andApril 2011 were included; 35 cases (58.3%) were males and 25 cases (41.7%) were females.There was a higher incidence among children from urban areas (40 cases, 66.7%) than thosefrom rural areas (22 cases, 33.3%). The majority of patients (46 cases; 76.7%) came to the hospitalwithin 24 hours of their trauma; 9 cases (15%) showed a delay of more than 24 hours, and5cases (8.3%) showed a delay of more than 1 week, who had a higher rates of complications.The most common cause of ocular Trauma in children in this study was injury by sharp objectsaccounted for 27 cases (45%), followed by blunt trauma 10 cases (16.7%), then trauma bystones 8 cases (13.3%), trauma by a plant object 7 cases (11.7%), falling on the face 5 cases(8.3%), and trauma by woody objects 3 cases (5%). The Post traumatic Complications includedtraumatic cataract (26 cases, 43.3%), retinal detachment (4 cases, 6.7%), aphakia (6 cases, 10%),atrophia bulbi (7 cases, 11.7%), endophthalmitis (2 cases, 3.3%), and blood stained cornea (3 cases,5%). Conclusion: Ocular injuries in children may result in severe visual impairment which can affectthe future of these children. The earlier the presentation to the hospital, the better the visual prognosis. The author recommends establishment of educational programs to teach the first aid treatmentmeasures to nurses working in primary health centers, teachers, and general population. Fortunately,most pediatric ocular trauma is preventable by simple measures. Increased literacy and healthawareness is vital.

Profile of paediatric ocular trauma at a tier 2 city in Southern Karnataka

Aim: To identify cause, demographic and clinical profile, parents education status and final visual outcome of ocular trauma in pediatric age-group (= < 14 years) patients attending casualty and Ophthalmology OPD. Materials and Methods: Prospective interventional study was carried out in teaching hospital of Mandya district in South Karnataka during December 2015–May 2016 where children up to 14 years with history of ocular trauma attending the casualty/ OPD were included. Demographic details like age and sex, activity at time of injury, mode of injury, parent education status and delayed presentation were noted with follow-upto period of 30 days. Results: In our study, total 32 patients with 32 eyes were enrolled. Five years and below age-group was more affected (40.6%, 13 eyes). Boys (50%, 16 eyes) and Girls (50%, 16 eyes) were equally affected. Adnexal injuries were found in 37.5% eyes, whereas closed and open globe injuries in 59.3% and 3.1% respectively. 28.1% reported early to casualty within 24 hours (9 eyes), remaining 23 eyes after 24 hours (71.8%). The objects causing injury were projectile objects & sticks (37.5%), road traffic accidents (9.3%), chemical injury(9.3%), playing at school and home (40.6%), animal bite (6.2%) and self fall (9.3%). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of more than 6/ 9 achieved in 29 (90.6%) eyes, 6/18-6/24 in 3 (9.37%) eyes. Most of the ocular injuries occurred while playing at home and at playground (40.6%). Conclusion: The most common age-group affected was below 5 years. Boys and girls were equally affected. Delayed presentation was common compared to early presentation especially among illiterates. Projectile objects, blunt trauma while playing, were common causes of injury. Most of the children achieved best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) more than 6/9. Key words: Blunt trauma1, Hyphema3, Penetrating injury5, Closed globe injuries2, Paediatric age-group4

Pattern of pediatric ocular trauma in rural area of Marathwada

Aim: To identify cause, demographic and clinical profile, and evaluate final visual outcome of ocular trauma in pediatric age-group (= < 15 years) patients attending casualty. Materials and Methods: Prospective interventional study was carried out in rural area of Marathwada during July 2012-June 2013 where children up to 15 years with history of ocular trauma attending the casualty were included. Demographic details like age and sex, activity at time of injury, identifiable objects causing injury, presence or absence of supervision during injury were noted with follow-up period of 60 days. Results: In our study, total 79 patients with 94 eyes were enrolled. The age-group more affected was 5 years and above (65%, i. e., 61 eyes) than 5 years and below (35%, i. e., 33 eyes). Boys (57%) were affected more than girls (43%). Adnexal injuries found in 51% eyes, whereas closed and open globe injuries in 41% and 8%, respectively. Most of children reported to casualty within 24 hours (86% eyes), remaining after 24 hours (14% eyes). The objects causing injury were projectile objects (20%), blunt objects (14%), household objects (10%). The other causes of injury were sports (16%), accidental fall (15%), chemical and road traffic accidents (RTA) (8% each), burn (4%), animal bite (3%), and assault (2%). Best corrected visual acuity (VA) of more than 6/18 achieved in 68% eyes, 6/18-6/60 in 12% eyes, < 6/60-counting finger close face (CFCF) in 8% eyes, projection of light (PL) + perception of rays (PR), and no PL in (1%) each eyes. Most of the ocular injuries occurred at home (53%), at playground (16%), accidental fall (14%), and others. Conclusion: The age-group affected was 5 years and above. Boys were affected more than girls. The time of reporting to casualty was within 24 hours. Projectile objects, blunt objects, and household objects were common causes of injury. The places of injury were home, playground, and others. Most of the children achieved best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) more than 6/18.

Epidemiology and outcome of ocular trauma among the road traffic accident cases attending a tertiary care hospital in Tripura

Background: Agartala is one of the fastest growing cities in India. With rapid increase in the number of bikes and other motor vehicles, road traffic accidents (RTA) are also increasing sharply. Ocular trauma and resultant ophthalmic morbidities following RTA is common. Aims & Objective: To study the epidemiology and pattern of ocular trauma among the road traffic accident cases. Materials and Methods: A hospital based study was conducted during February to July 2013 among 700 road traffic cases attending Ophthalmology and Casualty Department of Agartala Govt. Medical College, Tripura. Descriptive statistics and chi square test were used for presenting data. Results: Out of 700 RTA patients 82.86% (580) were male and 17.14% (120) were female. Majority i.e. 76% (532) of the RTA cases occurred among the two- wheeler users, 42 (35.29 %) were drunk and 17% (119) of the RTA cased sustained ocular injuries. Among the ocular injury cases, 60% (72) suffered from ecchymosis. Out of 119 RTAs with ocular injuries, 22 (18.48%) had no PL at reporting due to due to ocular nerve injury and all of them failed to recover even after treatment. Conclusion: Two-wheeler accident is common and an important cause for loss of vision following RTA. Victims of RTA reporting with loss of vision due to optic nerve injury had poor visual prognosis. Hence, primary preventive approach through behaviour change communication among the bikers for promoting safe riding practices and strict implementation of traffic rules like riding at safe speed, wearing helmet and avoiding alcohol before driving are needed to prevent RTA associated blindness.

Eye injury (ocular trauma) in southern Turkey: epidemiology, ocular survival, and visual outcome

To evaluate the epidemiology and outcome of ocular trauma in southern Turkey. Patients referred to the University of Cukurova, School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, with ocular trauma during the last two years were reviewed retrospectively. Age and gender of patients, type of injury, cause of injury, place where injury occurred, initial and final visual acuities, and final outcome were analyzed. Medical records of 250 patients (four bilateral injuries), aged between three months and ninety years were reviewed. Ocular trauma mostly occurred between 0 and 15 years and a male preponderance (76.8%) was evident. There were 72% open-globe injuries, corneal and/or scleral penetration being the most common injury type. Metallic objects were the main cause of injury (32.4%). Fifty percent of injuries happened in streets. Closed-globe and self-sealing corneal injuries were found to have the best prognosis in terms of final outcome (57.6% and 57.9%, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). Initial visual acuity was found to be a significant predictor of final visual acuity (P < 0.001). Endophthalmitis was significantly associated with metallic objects (P < 0.005). Eye injury is still a common and avoidable cause of blindness. Our findings suggest that any person in the population can be subject to ocular trauma at any time. Prognosis might be challenging. Education, attention, and safety precautions would help in reducing ocular morbidity.

Eye injuries in children: the current picture

AIMSTo investigate the current causes and outcomes of paediatric ocular trauma.METHODSA prospective observational study of all children admitted to hospital with ocular trauma in Scotland over a 1 year period.RESULTSThe...

Ocular trauma.

Well over half a million people in the world are blind as a result of eye injuries. It is not known how much of the final visual damage is the result of delayed or inappropriate management at the primary care level. However, it is certain that the outcome of ocular trauma by prompt action that will prevent serious loss of sight. He or she requires neither specialist knowledge, nor expensive instruments, but only the common sense application of a few basic clinical skills.