Outbound Process Research Articles

Optimising outbound scheduling in shipyard steel stockyard

ABSTRACT In shipyard operations, steel stockyards manage the intake, storage and distribution of raw materials. However, the inherent customisation of steel plates presents challenges such as inefficient outbound scheduling and elevated energy consumption. To address these issues, this study introduces a novel outbound scheduling model that comprehensively considers manufacturing orders and the current warehouse status during the outbound process. To solve this model, an improved ant colony optimisation algorithm, based on an energy consumption selection strategy (ECS-IACO), is proposed. The algorithm adopts a dynamic pheromone matrix and updates rules to address the complexity of high-dimensional state spaces. The energy consumption selection strategy is integrated into initialisation and state transitions, guiding and decisions throughout. Extensive numerical tests show that the ECS-IACO is robust and highly efficient in solving problems. In real-world scenarios tests, the ECS-IACO reduced energy use by up to 22% more than other algorithms, supporting sustainability efforts in business operations.

Improvement Operational Business Process in Logistic Companies Using Model-Based and Integrated Process Improvement

The logistics business sector is experiencing increasingly competitive and complex developments, requiring enhancements to remain competitive. The method used in this research is the Model-Based and Integrated Process Improvement (MIPI) method, and business process mapping using Business Process Model and Notation. The MIPI method consists of four stages: Understand Business Needs, Understand the Process, Model and Analyze Process, by conducting activity analysis using Value-Added Analysis and Cause and Effect Analysis to identify problem causes, and the final stage is Redesign Process. Value-Added Analysis indicates that in the outbound process, there are 21 activities, comprising 4 Real Value Added, 15 Business Value Added, and 2 Non-Value Added. In the inbound process, there are 21 activities with a composition of 2 Real Value Added, 16 Business Value Added, and 3 Non-Value Added. Based on Cause and Effect Analysis, customer complaints were found to be related to delayed delivery of goods, with root causes identified in planning, methods, equipment, and human factors. Based on these findings, a proposal for a new business process design is made, including the elimination of Non-Value Added activities and parallelism in some activities to simplify Business Value Added activities. Recommendations for these issues include expanding partnerships and collaboration with vendors, increasing fleet size, and providing employee development training.

Outbound Method to Improve Group B Children's Cooperation Ability

The lack of application of creative learning methods hinders children's focus in completing assignments. This research aims to determine the significant effect of using the outbound method to improve group B children's cooperative abilities, such as interpreting instructions and directing when mistakes occur. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study was 38 children. Research samples were taken using random sampling techniques. The selected models were Group B1, with 20 children as the experimental group, and Group B2, with 18 children as the control group. The data collection method used is a non-test method, namely observation with an analysis method using inferential statistics. The results of this study showed that the average post-test score for the experimental group was 95.17, while for the control group, it was 63.28. The results of data analysis obtained a count of 18.58. The data analysis shows that using the outbound method affects the cooperative abilities of group B children. It is concluded that the outbound process can improve the collective skills of group B children.

Analysis of Factors Causing Errors in Issue of Goods at PT Dunia Express Transindo's Warehouse

PT Dunia Express Transindo is a "Total Logistics" service provider company. One of the services provided is the warehouse division to manage all the activities in it, starting from the process of Inbound / Receiving goods, Storage / Storage of goods, and Outbound / Issuing goods. In the process, there were problems found in the warehouse, namely an error in the Outbound process /Releasing goods in the warehouse, which resulted in an internal impact for the company, namely an error in releasing goods causing re-shipment to customers. Also the external impact on the company, namely errors in issuing goods causes the level of customer trust to decrease. Data collection was carried out by asking directly to the field workers (warehouse staff and warehouse coordinator) and directly observing the condition of the warehouse. This study retrieved data on errors in the issuance of goods in December 2020 with a total of 13 items and January 2021 with a total of 96 items. From the root of the problem using the fishbone diagram method and cause and effect. It is known that the human factor is the most dominant factor due to lack of thoroughness, lack of knowledge and lack of communication. After carrying out an analysis of the repair plan using the 5w1h method, the DUNEX Wms Dry application was implemented and the socialization was carried out during the morning briefing. So that it can reduce errors in issuing goods, speed up reporting the previous process from 2 hours to 5 minutes, report damage to the previous 30 minutes to 3 minutes and make it easier to find out which items have been collected.

Modelling Analysis of a Four-Way Shuttle-Based Storage and Retrieval System on the Basis of Operation Strategy

In the context of sustainable development, this paper rationalises the outbound process of a four-way shuttle system with a focus on their modelling, performance evaluation and configuration using a parallel operation strategy to reduce resource waste, thus achieving sustainable development. The parallelism of the hoist and shuttle is innovatively incorporated into the four-way shuttle system, so the modelling content is divided into parallel and serial types. In the parallel operation strategy model, a separation–aggregation queueing network model is constructed, and the open-loop queueing network is innovatively solved using the maximum entropy method. In the serial operation strategy model, a semi-open-loop queuing network is constructed and solved using the geometric matrix method. By varying different parameters, the accuracy of the model is verified by Arena simulation with an error range of 10% or less, and the error of the system performance index calculation is reduced by 20% compared with the existing methods. Setting up 18 different sizes of shuttle systems provided a better performance than a single serial-operation strategy through the addition of parallel strategies, with an average reduction of 12.6% in the system response time and a minimum reduction of 1.8%. The conclusions of this paper were verified on the basis of an arithmetic case analysis.

The Structure of Foreign Trade Game Business in China-Case Study from Tencent

Along with the global business layout and trying to spread Chinese culture, the wave of games going abroad has been rolling higher in recent years. This study is divided into three parts. Firstly, what is the definition of going to sea, the components of the industry chain going to sea, the history and process of Tencent’s development going to sea, and Tencent’s current development status. Secondly, the profitability of Tencent’s outbound business is also analyzed, as well as the classification and primary work of the manufacturers involved in the outbound process and their share. Finally, Tencent’s suggestions for going abroad, include accelerating product updates in mature markets, further developing emerging markets, developing distribution channels and platform cooperation, and helping games go abroad. Comprehensive local cultural integration.

EXTERNAL ECONOMIC EFFECT OF THE INNOVATION FACTOR OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES

To assess the external economic effect of the innovation factor of creative industries, it is offered to differentiate incoming and outgoing flows for all 84 indicators of the Global Innovation Index by the degree of impact on soft innovations. The paper covers the basic theoretical aspects of the classification of creative industries, soft innovations and methods of their evaluation. The dual model ʽThe Analysis of the External Effect of Soft Innovation in Creative Industries – EESICIʼ is developed. Creative industries innovation process is proposed to be considered as a network structure – integration of 2 processes: ‘Inbound process of soft innovation production’ (IsPP index) and ‘Outbound process of soft innovation commercialization’ (OsPP index). The effectiveness of soft innovation is defined as the ratio of the two proposed indices. The proposed analysis sequence of the external effect of creative industries soft innovations consists of 7 stages. In the first stage, the representativeness of 20 soft innovation indices is determined by factor analysis. In stages 2–4, 2 models of inbound and outbound soft innovation flows are constructed using taxonomy method. In stage 5, a cluster analysis is used to classify 132 countries under study according to their level of soft innovations implementation. In stages 6–7, the level of soft innovations is calculated and a strategic matrix of countries positioning based on the use of soft innovations in creative industries is constructed. Scenarios of changes in the positioning of countries depending on the achieved level of economic effect of the creative industries innovation factor are considered.

Analisis Penyimpanan Produk Menggunakan Metode Shared Storage (Studi Kasus di PT. X)

PT. X is a company engaged in shipping services. This company has a spare part storage warehouse that is not yet effective and efficient. This can be seen from the placement of items that are not suitable and require a long time in the process of picking up goods. This study aims to redesign the layout of the storage warehouse using the shared storage method. Shared storage is a method of arranging a storage area based on the warehouse floor area by placing the items that are sent immediately closest to the door, and so on. This method uses the FIFO (first in first out) principle so that the outbound process is easier and takes less time to search for goods. Based on the processing using the shared storage method, a proposal is made to improve the layout by adding 2 storage racks arranged by product type. The previous pallet 1210 became 3234. Forging of storage racks takes into account the size of the demand, so that products with more demand are placed in the area close to the door. With this, there are no more products stored in any area, and product collection will be easier and faster

Simulation of passenger motion in metro stations during rush hours based on video analysis

Abstract The crowd density in a metro station during rush hours is usually extremely high in China, which makes the passengers consume much time in the station during the inbound or outbound process. In order to figure out the key impact factors of the overall consumed time from the first passenger alighting to the last one reaching the exit of the station while a train arrives (later known as the “overall consumed time”), this research first analyzes the surveillance video during rush hours in some typical metro stations and obtains the critical parameters of the pedestrian motion in metro stations. Afterward, it proposes an “expected velocity model” to simulate the motion of a pedestrian in a slowly moving crowd and an “attractive force model” between two companions in the stations. Moreover, it proposes a “destination choice model” and “path planning algorithm” to simulate the passengers choosing destinations and planning paths in underground double island stations considering the estimated distance, queuing number, and convenience. Finally, the study establishes an agent-based system to simulate the pedestrian motion in the Guanggu Square subway station which is one of the busiest stations in China. The simulation results prove the availability of the models and algorithms proposed in this research. Additionally, the following conclusions are drawn by comparing different hypothetical situations: (1) the overall consumed time presents a decreasing trend while the passenger amount is large; (2) the instantaneous crowding degree on the 1st floor underground is much lower than that on the 2nd floor underground; (3) it is of great necessity to guide the outbound passengers to choose stairways or escalators homogeneously to go upstairs while the inbound passengers to choose escalators rather than stairways to go downstairs while a train arrives; (4) the distance between the stairways or escalators at each end of the station should not be overlarge; (5) if the designing scheme of the station permits, adding stairways or escalators can shorten the overall consumed time; (6) the establishment of escalators significantly increases the overall consumed time compared with stairways.

Particle Swarm Optimization Using Neighborhood-Based Mutation Operator and Intermediate Disturbance Strategy for Outbound Container Storage Location Assignment Problem

Outbound container storage location assignment problem (OCSLAP) could be defined as how a series of outbound containers should be stacked in the yard according to certain assignment rules so that the outbound process could be facilitated. Considering the NP-hard nature of OCSLAP, a novel particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is proposed. The contributions of this paper could be outlined as follows: First, a neighborhood-based mutation operator is introduced to enrich the diversity of the population to strengthen the exploitation ability of the proposed algorithm. Second, a mechanism to transform the infeasible solutions into feasible ones through the lowest stack principle is proposed. Then, in the case of trapping into the local solution in the search process, an intermediate disturbance strategy is implemented to quickly jump out of the local solution, thereby enhancing the global search capability. Finally, numerical experiments have been done and the results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves a better performance in solving OCSLAP.

Defining Open Innovation Concept Using Business Process Modeling

Present research explores the open innovation process through Business Process Modeling tools with the aim of emphasizing its characteristics alongside connected risks. Based on a thorough literature review, the authors have identified and described the sub-processes/activities of the open innovation model and depicted its core elements by using Bizagi software. The authors’ conclusion is that important activities of open innovation are yet to be fully identified and analyzed as open innovation model represents an integrated inbound and outbound process.

UNRAVELLING THE INTEGRATION MECHANISMS IN OPEN INNOVATION PROJECTS: THE CASE OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL NETWORKS

The way firms innovate has notably changed in recent years. A clear example is the manufacturing sector which has been experiencing a new revolution in production and innovation. Linked to this industrial shift, manufacturing firms have been adopting more open and collaborative practices to innovate. This phenomenon, known as Open Innovation (OI), is helping firms to acquire and explore knowledge from external sources (inbound process) and to exploit knowledge via the commercialisation of ideas and technology (outbound process). Even though numerous researchers have studied the adoption of OI and its relation to numerous strategic and organisational results, very few studies have focused on investigating the positive influence of diverse OI approaches and practices on multiple dimensions of firm performance from different angles. These drawbacks hinder the diffusion of OI practices and raise the question of whether it is convenient for any firm in any industry to adopt or not to adopt OI. Thus, this thesis helps to fill this gap by examining the extent to which OI practices are adopted by firms and other actors in unexplored mature manufacturing industries and by understanding the unidentified roles that these practices play in relation to different dimensions of firm and industrial performance. This thesis brings together different methodologies and data to investigate OI practices with a novel multi-perspective approach. Hence, OI practices are framed within the industrial context of manufacturing firms in Italy and Sweden, several actors in the food industry, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from the Italian foundry industry, and also within worldwide SMEs designing and producing supercars. More specifically, using data from 247 European manufacturing firms collected through a tailored OI survey, this thesis supports the relevance of internal context characteristics such as firm size and provides evidence of the relation between configurations of OI models and innovation performance. Through two case studies in the food industry, this thesis demonstrates novel forms of OI practices that can be characterised and adopted by different innovation actors within and around this mature industry. Likewise, drawing from 30 rigorous case studies of small and medium-sized foundries, this research for the first time illuminates the relation between the aggregations of some innovation practices (specifically internal R&D and inbound OI) with a contemporarily relevant dimension of environmental and industrial performance such as energy efficiency.Although foregrounding the practical implications of adopting OI practices, this project also investigates and attempts to contrast some of the theoretical perspectives used when researching OI in mature manufacturing industries. This thesis concludes with an integrative study of the main aspects of the research project to demonstrate the advantages of using a multi-perspective approach to study OI. This last study, originally inspired from two case studies of small carmakers, involved collecting data from 48 small and medium-sized manufacturers of supercars with a survey designed to evaluate OI influence on several types of firm performance. Collectively, the results from this thesis confirm the validity of OI in new research contexts and reveal a combined influence of specific innovation practices on innovativeness, but also on the dimensions of industrial, environmental, and social performance. This thesis contributes to theory and practice by empirically showing that even though OI and the results of practicing it are highly context dependent, adopting OI practices can definitely have a positive influence in the overall performance of firms in mature manufacturing industries, including SMEs and other small actors.

Simulating on Passengers Coordination with Distribution Service in Railway Station

Based on the hierarchical characteristics of passengers transfer behavior and the state-dependent queuing model, the D-M/G/C/C queuing network simulation model was put forward for simulating the coordination of subjective passenger behavior and objective distribution environment. Then, the generation method and algorithm of the model is elaborated. In case study, the simulation results are consistent with the actual states of passenger outbound process. So, it is a practical simulation tool for analyzing the dynamic situations of passengers use facilities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i1.1912

Simulation and Evaluation of Wind-Induced Displacements of the Giant Airship in its Outbound Process

Aiming at an outbound process of the airship driven by the hydraulic rod and cables, a simulation of the wind-induced displacement for the airframe is conducted. First of all, a spatial three-dimensional flow field including the boathouse and airframe is calculated using fluid dynamics, and a wind pressure distributed on the airframe is equivalent to the forces and moments exerted on the airship head in three directions. Then, a finite element model of the airship structure is modeled and a simulation of the wind-induced displacements for the giant airship is conducted. Finally, a collision possibility between the airship and boathouse is evaluated, which lays a foundation for designing the boathouse structure that meets outbound conditions for the airship.

Assessing the Impact of RFID on Return Center Logistics

As many manufacturers, retailers, distributors, and logistics firms adopt RFID, the technology is becoming pervasive in the supply chain. Although its advocates include retail giants such as Wal-Mart, not all companies are enthusiastic about its benefits. It is not clear whether RFID is a boon or a curse to the supply chain—its market growth may just be an issue of compliance. To establish the real benefits of RFID, we conducted a field study with GENCO, a third-party logistics company that deployed RFID in the outbound logistics operations at one of its return centers. Our analysis found that the RFID implementation had a significant impact on the GENCO outbound process. The number of customer claims fell substantially following the RFID deployment. After controlling for other factors in our model, we confirmed that RFID was a key factor that contributed to the positive results at this return center. The current study underscores the potential of RFID for today's businesses.

Assessing the Impact of RFID on Return Center Logistics

RFID technology is being widely embraced in the supply chain, by manufacturers, retailers, and logistics firms. Although its advocates include retail giants like Wal-Mart, not everyone is enthusiastic about its benefits. It is not clear whether RFID is a boon or a curse to the supply chain: the growing market size of this technology may just be an issue of compliance. With a view to establishing the real benefits of RFID, we conducted a field study with GENCO, a third party logistics company that deployed RFID at one of its outbound logistics operations with a goal to reducing customer claims. Our analysis found that the RFID implementation had a significant impact on the outbound process: The intensity of claims incidence fell substantially after RFID deployment. After controlling for other factors in our model, we confirm that RFID was a key factor that contributed to the positive outcomes at this return center. The current study underscores the potential of RFID for today's businesses.

Characteristics of Brown Treesnakes Boiga irregularis removed from Guam's transportation network

The accidental introduction of the Brown Treesnake Boiga irregularis to Guam led to catastrophic ecological and economic consequences, including the extirpation of most native forest birds and millions of dollars in damages to the island's power distribution system. Since colonizing the island in the late 1940s, Brown Treesnakes associated with cargo from Guam have arrived at numerous locations throughout the world. Concerns for the potential establishment of other populations have led to intensive control efforts, aimed at the prevention of snake dispersal from the island. Information regarding snakes entering the outbound cargo flow is critical in the development and implementation of both operational control strategies and research necessary to improve available control technologies. Data collected from 31 snakes removed from the outbound cargo network on Guam reveal the typical snake in cargo is smaller in snout-vent length than the average snake captured using traps or hand capture in support of operational control. Potential reasons for small snakes in cargo include the presence of a snake cohort refractory to capture methods, and/or the nomadic behaviour of sub-adults. Additionally, snakes have been found in nearly every location that handles or processes cargo, indicating the need for containment efforts throughout the outbound shipping process. Intensive containment, coupled with the continued development of techniques that effectively capture small snakes, is necessary for successful interdiction efforts.