Oscar Riddle Research Articles

Tackling Old Issues with New Approaches

Current calls to reform biology instruction, whether through NGSS, AP Biology, or Vision and Change in Undergraduate Biology Education , ask biology educators to change their teaching practices so that more students successfully complete biology courses and become scientifically literate citizens. The reforms mentioned in these documents often include focusing on the depth of content vs. breadth, understanding scientific practices, and enhancing scientific skills. Not surprisingly, recognition of these important aspects of biology instruction is not new. While reviewing some of the earliest volumes of The American Biology Teacher , first published in 1938, I found that the first three volumes address the same considerations that we have today. In the first volume, Oscar Riddle from the Carnegie Institution wrote that “a citizenship acquainted with the principles and subject matter of the life sciences is vital to our national welfare” and that “new means should be found for supplying to our people the more and better biology teaching to which they are entitled.” As early as 1938 and likely even earlier, biology instructors were concerned about teaching …

Prolactin Hormone and Cardiovascular System

The Prolactin (PRL) hormone, a very ancient hormone, first discovered by Oscar Riddle and his colleagues in the late 1920s, is a 199 amino acid multifunctional polypeptide hormone, that has been found in all vertebrates to influence more than 300 physiologic functions of the body. This review discusses the prolactin structure, mechanism of synthesis, control of secretions, receptors, its intracellular signal transduction and its possible implications on the cardiovascular system.

Oscar Riddle’s Science, a Special Bird, & the Founding of the NABT

Oscar Riddle, born in Indiana in 1877, was an ardent evolutionist and a key player in the founding of the National Association of Biology Teachers in 1938. He studied heredity and behavior in domestic pigeons and doves with Charles O. Whitman of the University of Chicago, received his Ph.D. in zoology in 1907, and in 1912 began a long career at the Carnegie Institution. He is best known for his 1932 discovery of prolactin, the “mother love” hormone. Whitman founded and directed the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole and cared for Martha, the world’s last passenger pigeon, who died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914.

The Riddle of Sex: Biological Theories of Sexual Difference in the Early Twentieth-Century

At the turn of the twentieth century, biologists such as Oscar Riddle, Thomas Hunt Morgan, Frank Lillie, and Richard Goldschmidt all puzzled over the question of sexual difference, the distinction between male and female. They all offered competing explanations for the biological cause of this difference, and engaged in a fierce debate over the primacy of their respective theories. Riddle propounded a metabolic theory of sex dating from the late-nineteenth century suggesting that metabolism lay at the heart of sexual difference. Thomas Hunt Morgan insisted on the priority of chromosomes, Frank Lillie emphasized the importance of hormones, while Richard Goldschmidt supported a mixed model involving both chromosomes and hormones. In this paper, I will illustrate how the older metabolic theory of sex was displaced when those who argued for the relatively newer theories of chromosomes and hormones gradually formed an alliance that accommodated each other and excluded the metabolic theory of sex. By doing so, proponents of chromosomes and hormones established their authority over the question of sexual difference as they laid the foundations for the new disciplines of genetics and endocrinology. Their debate raised urgent questions about what constituted sexual difference, and how scientists envisioned the plasticity and controllability of this difference. These theories also had immediate political and cultural consequences at the turn of the twentieth century, especially for the eugenic and feminist movements, both of which were heavily invested in knowledge of sex and its determination, ascertainment, and command.

Of Our Own Re-Making

Seventy-one years ago, the fledgling National Association of Biology Teachers accumulated more than 1,000 members, a journal, and a place in the Union of American Biological Societies, became an affiliate of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and organized its first national meeting —— all within a span of 180 days. Reading the first volume of The American Biology Teacher , two articles caught my attention that remain as classic and relevant to NABT members as they were when first penned by D. F. Miller in November 1938 and Oscar Riddle in March 1939. These articles contain two important messages. The first is that the NABT brings both opportunity and obligation to its members —— the opportunity to foster a professional spirit among teacher members and the obligation to secure an ““enlarged place for the life sciences in the instruction of our people [citizenry] as the basic reasons for our [NABT's] existence”” (O. Riddle, 1939). The second message is that our best guide for today is our vision for the NABT's future. Miller and Riddle admonish us to look within —— to you, the members —— for the help, leadership, and direction we need going forward. There were three steps to the founders' plan: (1) form the Association, (2) publish a journal, and (3) ““encourage the formation of local groups of teachers of biological subjects”” to meet, exchange ideas, and encourage the ““best possible local conditions”” (Miller, 1938). To me, step 3 has always been the pivotal value of membership. …

The Teaching of Evolution

Research Article| October 01 1969 The Teaching of Evolution Cornelius J. Troost Cornelius J. Troost Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1969) 31 (7): 456–458. https://doi.org/10.2307/4442745 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Cornelius J. Troost; The Teaching of Evolution. The American Biology Teacher 1 October 1969; 31 (7): 456–458. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4442745 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1969 The National Association of Biology Teachers Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Dr. Oscar Riddle (1877-1968)

Journal Article Dr. Oscar Riddle (1877-1968) Get access Endocrinology, Volume 85, Issue 2, 1 August 1969, Pages 189–193, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-85-2-189 Published: 01 August 1969

Biology's Bright Future

So much has been said recently on education-by qualified persons as well as by those who simply want to get into the actthat little more needs to be said. I am tempted to follow the example of those famous comedians, Laurel and Hardy, when in their most frustrating moments, Mr. Hardy would yell at his hopelessly entangled friend, Do something! The idea of this as an annual affair of this organization came from a mandate of the Board of Directors in its last meeting in Washington, D. C. However, the scheduling of this first Presidential Address is frightening indeed. On one side, it has been preceded bv distinguished curriculum experts, and on the side, it will be followed by the address of a distinguished Nobel prize winner. I feel like the other speaker at the Gettvsburg Address ceremonies. The story is told about a nervous young executive who was about ready to give his first major speech. While riding on a train before the talk, he encountered an old familv friend, the Rev. John Howland Lathrop. In answer to a plea for help, Dr. Lathrop said: Let me give you some advice that has stood me in good stead over many years in the ministry. As you mount into the pulpit, vou pause, you raise your head high, you very slowly survey of the hundreds out in front of you, and to yourself you sav quietlv; 'You go to hell, go to hell.' then, Dr. Lathrop said, You can then buckle down and proceed to save their souls. M'Iany phrases and statements have been uttered so often in the past four years that they have become common-place cliches. For instance, the terms scientific literacy, and biological literacy, are now verv popular terms. I suspect that our distinguished founder, Dr. Oscar Riddle, was responsible for these fine phrases. I noticed that recently a very well known annual symposium used these terms as the theme for of its talks. Another often used term is quality courses. President Sproul of the Universitv of California had the idea when he wrarned: If we fail in our hold upon quality, the cherished American dream of universal education will degenerate into a nightmare. Too, the idea of science for all is another widely used phrase. The distinguished science-educator, Dr. Lee DuBridge, has written: is the study of some of mankind's greatest intellectual achievements. The method of is one important method by which the human mind may grapple with the problems that we face. Finally, the spirit of science, like the spirit of true liberalisnl, is the spirit of freedom.' And thus he too adds his voice to the many who are telling us that is a subject that must be in the curriculum of those who go through our American schools. Science has become an important subject in the school curriculum, and certainly in the minds and lives of citizens -a subject of great significance and importance. There is no doubt that in this cold war in which we are so hotly engaged, we find ourselves without the very weapons we need so badly. These are the exportable commodities which we must have in great quantity to send to foreign countries which are in the undecided classification. The exportable commodities are American citizens who are scientifically literate, and consequently, are in the best position to assist these countries in

The Unleashing of Evolutionary Thought. Oscar Riddle

Previous articleNext article No AccessNew Biological BooksThe Unleashing of Evolutionary Thought. Oscar Riddle E. L. WhiteE. L. White Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Quarterly Review of Biology Volume 31, Number 2Jun., 1956 Published in association with Stony Brook University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/401282 PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

ORIGIN OF LIFE

ORIGIN OF LIFE Get access OSCAR RIDDLE OSCAR RIDDLE Plant City, Florida Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 43, Issue 5, September 1952, Pages 215–216, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a106309 Published: 01 September 1952

Endocrines and Constitution in Doves and Pigeons. Oscar Riddle

<i>Endocrines and Constitution in Doves and Pigeons</i>. Oscar Riddle

Endocrines and Constitution in Doves and Pigeons.Oscar Riddle

<i>Endocrines and Constitution in Doves and Pigeons.</i>Oscar Riddle

Effect of Light upon Time of Oviposition in Ringdoves

Previous articleNext article No AccessEffect of Light upon Time of Oviposition in RingdovesJames Plummer Schooley and Oscar RiddleJames Plummer Schooley Search for more articles by this author and Oscar Riddle Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 17, Number 2Apr., 1944 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/physzool.17.2.30151722 Views: 2Total views on this site Citations: 3Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in Physiological Zoology (1928-1998), which is continued by Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (1999-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:E.S.E. HAFEZ Environment and Reproduction in Domesticated Species, (Jan 1964): 113–164.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4831-9977-1.50009-2Daniel S. Lehrman HORMONAL RESPONSES TO EXTERNAL STIMULI IN BIRDS*, Ibis 101, no.3-43-4 (Apr 2008): 478–496.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1959.tb02405.xAlexander F. Skutch Life History of the Ruddy Quail-Dove, The Condor 51, no.11 (Jan 1949): 3–19.https://doi.org/10.2307/1364837

Riddle, Oscar, Fitzpatrick, F. L., Glass, H. B., Gruenberg, B. C., Miller D. F., and Sinnott, E. W. The Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools of the United States. Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Oscar Riddle. 1942. 76 p.

Science EducationVolume 26, Issue 5 p. 215-215 Book Review Riddle, Oscar, Fitzpatrick, F. L., Glass, H. B., Gruenberg, B. C., Miller D. F., and Sinnott, E. W. The Teaching of Biology in Secondary Schools of the United States. Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Oscar Riddle. 1942. 76 p. First published: December 1942 https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.3730260515AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume26, Issue5December 1942Pages 215-215 RelatedInformation

The Preparation of High-School Science Teachers

Research Article| December 01 1942 The Preparation of High-School Science Teachers Oscar Riddle Oscar Riddle Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1942) 5 (3): 63–65. https://doi.org/10.2307/4437346 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Oscar Riddle; The Preparation of High-School Science Teachers. The American Biology Teacher 1 December 1942; 5 (3): 63–65. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4437346 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Effects of a Series of Steroids on Ovulation and Reproduction in Pigeons

Previous articleNext article No AccessEffects of a Series of Steroids on Ovulation and Reproduction in PigeonsH. H. Dunham and Oscar RiddleH. H. Dunham Search for more articles by this author and Oscar Riddle Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 15, Number 4Oct., 1942 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/physzool.15.4.30151652 Views: 1Total views on this site Citations: 15Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in Physiological Zoology (1928-1998), which is continued by Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (1999-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:M.R. Luck, C.G. Scanes Ionic and endocrine factors influencing the secretion of luteinizing hormone by chicken anterior pituitary cells in vitro, General and Comparative Endocrinology 41, no.22 (Jun 1980): 260–265.https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(80)90152-5Susan C. Wilson, P. J. Sharp The effects of progesterone on oviposition and ovulation in the domestic fowl ( Gallus domesticus ), British Poultry Science 17, no.22 (Nov 2007): 163–173.https://doi.org/10.1080/00071667608416262B. Lofts, R.K. Murton REPRODUCTION IN BIRDS, (Jan 1973): 1–107.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-249403-1.50009-8Ch. Lauritzen, W.-D. Lehmann, W. Elger, R. R. Salloch, J. D. Hahn, F. Neumann, H. Steinbeck, F. Neumann, H.-J. Merker Besonderheiten der Wirkungen der einzelnen Gestagene auf Morphologie und Funktion des Genitaltraktes, (Jan 1969): 1–514.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00826-3_1Werner J. Mueller Effects of Spironolactone on Laying Pullets, Poultry Science 46, no.33 (May 1967): 742–749.https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0460742Irving Rothchild Interrelations between Progesterone and the Ovary, Pituitary, and Central Nervous System in the Control of Ovulation and the Regulation of Progesterone Secretion, (Jan 1966): 209–327.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0083-6729(08)60383-0Oscar Riddle Prolactin or progesterone as key to parental behaviour: A review, Animal Behaviour 11, no.44 (Oct 1963): 419–432.https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(63)90256-2R.H. Harms, A.C. Warnick, P.W. Waldroup The Effect of Estradiol, Progesterone, Terephthalic Acid and Low Calcium upon Oxytetracycline Utilization, Poultry Science 42, no.33 (May 1963): 776–778.https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0420776R.H. Harms, P.W. Waldroup Relationship of the Egg Formation Cycle to Antibiotic Blood Level in Laying Hens, Poultry Science 41, no.66 (Nov 1962): 1932–1936.https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0411932C.M. Winget, E.L. Griffin, J.P. Walker Effect of 17-Alpha-Ethyl-17-Hydroxynorandrostenone on Rate of Lay in the Domestic Fowl, Poultry Science 41, no.33 (May 1962): 788–794.https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0410788Somers H. Sturgis, Herbert L. Kotz, Walter Herrmann A Review of the Endocrine Induction of Human Ovulation, Fertility and Sterility 12, no.22 (Mar 1961): 196–207.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)34092-4Erica Eisner The relationship of hormones to the reproductive behaviour of birds, referring especially to parental behaviour: A review, Animal Behaviour 8, no.3-43-4 (Jul 1960): 155–179.https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(60)90023-3C. L. Ralph Some effects of hypothalamic lesions on gonadotrophin release in the hen, The Anatomical Record 134, no.33 (Jul 1959): 411–431.https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091340306R. E. Moreau, A. L. Wilk, W. Rowan. The Moult and Gonad Cycles of Three Species of Birds at Five Degrees South of the Equator., Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 117, no.2-32-3 (Oct 2009): 345–364.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1947.tb00523.xB. H. Neher, R. M. Fraps Fertility and hatchability of the prematurely ovulated hen's egg, Journal of Experimental Zoology 101, no.11 (Feb 1946): 83–89.https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1401010106

The March of Medicine.

The lectures have a foreword by Dr. Malcolm Goodridge, president of the New York Academy of Medicine, and an introduction by Dr. Haven Emerson. The subjects of the six lectures are as follows: I. Humanism and Science, the Linsly R. Williams Memorial Lecture, Alan Gregg, M.D. II. Paracelsus in the Light of Four Hundred Years, Henry E. Sigerist, M.D. III. Psychiatry and the Normal Life, William Healy, M.D. IV. Philosophy as Therapy, Irwin Edman, Ph.D. V. The Promise of Endocrinology, Oscar Riddle, Ph. D. VI. What We Do Know About Cancer, Francis Carter Wood, M.D. The subjects of these lectures are matters of great interest to the layman and to the physician. Both are indebted to the academy for issuing the lectures in a permanent form, by which the circle of readers will be greatly enlarged. The book making is excellent, and an unusually complete index concludes the little volume.

The Training of Biology Teachers: Data from a Questionnaire

This is a report upon the formal training of secondary school biology teachers, as set forth in replies to the questionnaire circulated by the Committee on the Teaching of Biological Science, of the Union of American Biological Societies, in 1939-1940. Some of the findings have already been outlined by Dr. Oscar Riddle' in an earlier statement. The figures hereinafter cited represent a total of 3,186 teachers,2 but in interpreting the data, it must be remembered that not all individuals responded to every item. This fact accounts for various apparent discrepancies which appear. Moreover, it should be made clear that there is some duplication among figures, because certain classification categories overlap.

Sex, Reproduction, and Heredity in Pigeons and Fowls

DR. OSCAR RIDDLE has previously brought forward evidence to show that male pigeons arise from eggs (yolks) of less storage metabolism, which implies small size and higher (oxidising) metabolism, and that females arise from eggs (yolks) of greater storage metabolism, which implies large size and lower (oxidising) metabolism. He has now (Journ. Exper. Zoology, vol. xxvi., 1918, pp. 237-54) studied two cases of female “identical twins,” and seeks to show that the ova (yolks) which produced both of them were extraordinarily and abnormally large.

A demonstration of the origin of two pairs of female identical twins from two ova of high storage metabolism

Journal of Experimental ZoologyVolume 26, Issue 2 p. 227-254 Article A demonstration of the origin of two pairs of female identical twins from two ova of high storage† metabolism Oscar Riddle, Oscar Riddle Station for Experimental Evolution, Cold Spring Harbor, L. I., N.Y.Search for more papers by this author Oscar Riddle, Oscar Riddle Station for Experimental Evolution, Cold Spring Harbor, L. I., N.Y.Search for more papers by this author First published: July 1918 https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1400260202Citations: 3 † High storage metabolism is to be interpreted as low (oxidizing) metabolism. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume26, Issue2July 1918Pages 227-254 RelatedInformation