Decorative Forms Research Articles

The Application and Research of Bone-Free Flower and Bird Painting Techniques in Glazed Colored Porcelain

The bone-free flower and bird painting technique, as a unique method in traditional Chinese painting, showcases an artistic expression characterized by natural and fluid brushstrokes along with a harmonious use of color. In recent years, with the development of ceramic art, the bone-free technique has gradually been applied and innovated in the creation of glazed colored porcelain. This article analyzes the artistic features of the bone-free flower and bird painting technique, explores its specific application methods in glazed colored porcelain, and summarizes its artistic value in modern ceramic creation. Research indicates that the combination of the bone-free technique and glazed colored craftsmanship not only expands the expressive forms of ceramic decoration but also promotes the inheritance and innovation of traditional skills in modern ceramic art.

Utilization of coconut fiber waste as a filling material for list profile

Abstract List profile is a mineral board product that is increasingly in demand by the wider public. One of the advantages of list profiles is that they are cheap, quick to obtain, resistant to attacks by wood-destroying organisms, and can be obtained in the form of attractive ornaments. From an economic perspective, list profile with rofing filler is more expensive. Coconut fiber can be used as a type of filler that has the same strength at a low price. This research aims to determine the type and level of gypsum adhesive, white cement, and their mixtures on the properties of the coconut fiber list profile. The research design used a completely randomized design with Tukey’s follow-up test. The factors used were the type of adhesive (gypsum, white cement, and a mixture of gypsum with white cement), and the amount of adhesive (600 g, 690 g, and 780 g). The parameters observed were water content, density, thickness expansion, and fracture toughness. The research results showed that the type of adhesive had a significant effect on water content and thickness development, the amount of adhesive had a significant effect on density and the adhesive type had a significant effect on water content, while the amount of adhesive had a significant effect on density and thickness development. The average value of water content is 15.90 - 18.85 %, density 0.67 - 0.92 g/cm3, thickness expansion 0.37 - 2.54 % and strength at fracture 3.88 - 35.90 kg/cm2.

PENGGUNAAN MOTIF DAN ORNAMENTASI CINA DALAM PEMBINAAN RUMAH WARISAN: KAJIAN KE ATAS RUMAH DEMANG ABDUL GHANI

The Demang Abdul Ghani House is a heritage residence that has been gazetted as a museum under the Malacca State Heritage Department. Built at the end of the 18th century, this house holds high artistic value as it incorporates a mix of diverse motifs and architectural styles, including English, Javanese, Portuguese, Dutch, and Chinese. However, this study focuses solely on the Chinese motifs and ornamentation present in the house. The first objective of this research is to examine the forms of Chinese motifs and ornamentation found in the house. The second objective is to explore the underlying meanings behind the use of these Chinese motifs in the house. This study employs observational methods to collect data and descriptive methods to interpret each motif. The findings reveal that the Chinese motifs and ornamentation in the house fall into three categories: floral, animal, and cosmic. All these motifs are interrelated and possess implicit meanings believed to bring benefits and prosperity to the house's occupants, according to Chinese philosophy and culture.

Sapphire stories: the symbolic representation of blue motifs in Islamic architecture of Pakistan

This article focuses on analyzing and exploring the implication of blue motifs in terms of the representation of Islamic architecture in Pakistan. Architecture holds a great deal of importance within every nation's social and cultural domains. In the same way, architecture has played a significant role in dispensing Islam as a religion. The manifestation and reflection of blue motifs are present in various forms, such as formal, structural, and spatial. Moreover, these shapes carry symbolic connotations when presented in the form of ornamentation, geometrical patterns, floral displays, and arabesque. Furthermore, this study provides a valuable contribution to enhancing the awareness of the significance and representation of blue motifs in the Islamic architecture of Pakistan for the research. Secondary and primary data were collected to achieve the objectives of the study. The study concludes that mosques and shrines in Pakistan are loaded with examples in which the representation of blue motifs within the domain of Islamic architecture is quite evident.

Re-inventing Vernacular Arts and Crafts: Creation of a Cauldron Inspired from the Ornament Motifs of Sunan Padangaran Mosque, Indonesia

The Sunan Padangaran Mosque is one of the historical sites in Indonesia which contains unique architecture in the form of ornaments. This research examines how the architectural ornaments of the Sunan Padangaran Mosque can be integrated into the design of making traditional cauldrons as an effort to preserve and innovate local arts and craft. It focuses on the process of adapting mosque ornament motifs in making cauldrons. It uses qualitative methods involving case studies. Data is collected through mosque ornaments and in collaboration with local pot craftsmen. The research leads to an experimentaal production of the cauldrons inspired by the traditional motifs. The creative process includes the stages of selecting materials, forming the pot, and applying the chosen and articulated ornaments. Craftsmen play a direct role in replicating the pot which produces the research results. This research concludes that the process of making a cauldron replica involves several stages to reflect the beauty and uniqueness of the ornaments of the Sunan Padangaran Mosque. The ornamental design of the cauldron functions not only as a place to store items, but also as a decorative element that increases its aesthetic value. The shape of the cauldron created is also part of an effort to preserve the culture of the vernacular communities of the past who have often used cauldrons to store goods.

Cинтетические укрытия вегетационных сооружений с интегрированным фотолюминофором в укоренении черенков туи западной

We have explored the effectiveness of using light-correcting covering materials for greenhouse structures when rooting the cuttings of various ornamental forms and varieties of the northern white-cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.). Two types of shelters have been tested: the modified spunbond at a density of 30 g/m2 with a photoluminescent phosphor integrated into its structure at a concentration of 0.8 % and the unmodified spunbond at the same density. Europeum-doped yttrium oxysulfide (Y2O2SEu) has been chosen as a photoluminescent phosphor. We have analyzed 11 varieties and forms of Thuja occidentalis L.: Rheingold, Mr. Bowling Ball, Woodwardii, Tiny Tim, Golden Smaragd, Mirjam, Golden Globe, Danica, Sunkist, Smaragd and Brabant. The response of the indicators of callusogenesis and rhizogenesis to the influence of a transformed light flux has been tested. A positive effect of the use of photoluminescent phosphors in rooting the stem cuttings of the northern white-cedar has been established. An increase in the indicators of regenerative ability and post-regenerative development of the root systems and the aboveground parts of the cuttings has been recorded, such as: the activity of callusogenesis, the number of adventitious roots formed, the length of the leading root, the total length of the root system, the height of the aboveground part and the diameter of the root collar. Callusogenesis has increased from 67.59 ± 2.05 % in the check to 76.81 ± 1.61 % when having integrated the photoluminescent phosphor. The number of adventitious roots formed has increased from 9.64 ± 0.43 to 11.44 ± 0.34 pcs., correspondingly. The total length of the root systems has increased from 64.56 ± 3.70 to 75.52 ± 2.77 cm, correspondingly. One-way analysis of variance confirmed the significance of the differences between the tested forms and varieties in each of the shelter options for most of the tested indicators. Two-way analysis of variance has revealed a significant effect of the positive impact of photoluminescent phosphors on callusogenesis, adventitious root formation, post-regenerative development of the root systems and the aboveground parts of the cuttings.

PHENOMENON OF ARTISTIC FELT IN THE MODERN ART OF COSTUME

According to the program “Concept for the Development of Creative Industries for 2021-2025,” culture, art, and creativity are given great importance, allowing the development of creative industries in Kazakhstan as a promising source of growth. Thus, the results of creative activity and the original approach of Kazakh designers to art make our state more recognizable on the world stage. Creative understanding of the role of cultural heritage in the fashion industry in the sociocultural space gives an integrative effect that allows one to represent spiritual and aesthetic values in the modern artistic picture of the world, where they are creators who popularize products made from the national non-woven fabric - felt, which actualizes ethnic fashion. The new generation of Kazakh designers actively use artistic felt, which allows them to implement their own concepts, and present collections, including at the International level, revealing the culture, art, and traditions of Kazakhstan in the global world. The felt collections of Kazakh designers are unique due to the combination of national flavor with modern style. Using the example of felt models from the collection of the Fashion House “Asyl-Design”, the art of artistic felt in a suit was explored. The work examines the artistic and figurative structure of the costume through the prism of the historical and cultural traditions of the nomadic people. The sacred-semantic, semiotic, coloristic, and aesthetic content of the costume has been revealed. The expressiveness of artistic felt, identified as a national code of ethnocultural heritage, is determined. One of the important parts of the work is the analysis of the artistic and compositional solution of plot and ornamental motifs in the models of the felt collection in the “neo-folklore” style. A figurative-thematic direction, an archetype, having its source in animalistic symbols, interpreted by plant and geometric ornamental forms in the costume, has been determined.

Ornamental design of textile elements in the wedding decoration of horse among the Bashkirs

The area of this study includes the south-east of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Abzelilovo, Burzyan, Baimak, Beloretsk districts) predominantly inhabited by the Bashkir people. The chronological framework of the research spans the 20th and early 21st centuries, i.e. the time when horse wedding decoration was still used by the Bashkirs in some locations, attesting to preser-vation of long-standing ethnic traditions. The aim of this study is to analyse decoration elements of horse in the wedding cere-mony among the south-eastern Bashkirs in the 20th and early 21st centuries, including caparisons, saddle blankets, breastplates, bellybands, and cruppers. The source basis includes author’s fieldwork materials collected during in 2010, 2017–2019 and 2023, as well as archival materials, museum collections in the city of Ufa and rural school museums preserving rare exhibits. Standard scientific methods, such as comparative historical research, scientific description and analysis, have been used. Du-ring the collection of field materials, traditional ethnographic research approach was also used, including observation, photofixa-tion and in-depth interviewing conducted in the Bashkir language, which allowed us recording local names of the wedding horse decoration. Analyzed were ornamented caparisons, saddle blankets, breastplates, bellybands and cruppers as attributes of the Bashkir wedding ceremony in the south-east of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The festive horse decoration was part of a bridal dowry; the bride herself participated in its making. The bridal horse decoration in the wedding ceremony performed social, sac-ral and aesthetic functions. It was enriched with sacral signs and symbols to protect from bewitching and evil spirits. A young wife moved to husband’s house on her horse decorated for wedding accompanied by her husband, girlfriends and close rela-tives. Until the 19th century, the bride would have ridden astride, but already at the turn of the 20th century that would be quite a rare phenomenon. However, in some villages there were single cases of the observance of this rite even in the mid-20th century. It has been found that in the 20th century in the south-east of the Republic of Bashkortostan several types of wedding capari-sons, different in their ornaments, materials and techniques, were used. There were several types of appliqué and kuskar em-broidery. The altered form of the wedding horse decoration has been preserved until the early 21st century.

Redesign of North Sumatra Ornaments in the Catalog with Circular Composition

North Sumatra is a region with a cultural identity in the form of ornaments depicting a cultural heritage philosophy. However, it is only placed in tourist locations and has yet to become a necessity for the people of North Sumatra. The research analyzes ornamental motifs that must be translated in the form of explanations in a catalog. This research aims to explore the motifs and ornamental patterns of North Sumatra as a first step, so that the visualization of North Sumatran motifs and ornamental patterns can strengthen the local cultural identity. The research uses qualitative methods as a space for artistic–aesthetic exploration. It presents some of the catalog’s visualizations as an answer to preserving ancestral heritage through cultural ornamental motifs. In the research process, the researcher will redesign North Sumatra Ornaments in a catalog with a circular composition, which can be processed as the primary material for a guidebook and as a reference medium to standardize the identity that has been created to maintain the consistency of the identity so that it remains well adhered and is not mistaken in its placement in various places. North Sumatra ornaments are used in supporting media in packaging, notes, business cards, stamps, catalogs, and promotional media such as Instagram, WhatsApp, and Banners.
 Keywords: ornament, catalog, composition, circular

Morphological and molecular analysis of rose cultivars from the Grandiflora and Kordesii garden groups.

The breeding of remontant rose cultivars that are resistant to diseases and adverse conditions, with high decorative value and continuous flowering is the most important task during work with the gene pool of garden roses. Currently, intercultivar hybridization within a single garden group has largely outlived its usefulness. It is necessary to breed for highly decorative forms or cultivars that have outstanding resistance, morphological characters and patterns of seasonal rhythms, and use these plants as parental forms in further breeding. This study represents a comparative analysis of rose cultivars from two garden groups, Grandiflora (Gurzuf, Lezginka, Korallovy Syurpriz, Queen Elizabeth, Komsomolsky Ogonyok, Love) and Rosa Kordesii (Letniye Zvyozdy, Dortmund, Gutsulochka). These cultivars proved themselves during many years of testing in harsh climatic conditions. The objectives of the study were to determine the genetic relationship within the groups and to assign phenotypically different cultivars to one or another garden group. The analysis was carried out by morphological, phenological and ISSR markers. According to the phenological observations on the Grandiflora cultivars, Komsomolsky Ogonyok had later budding and flowering stages. Polymorphic data generated from the ISSR markers showed that this cultivar was the most distant from the others and formed a separate cluster on the dendrogram. A comparison of the morphological characters (flower diameter, number of petals, peduncle length, bush height) showed a significant difference ( p < 0.05) between Komsomolsky Ogonyok and the other Grandiflora cultivars. A dendrogram based on a molecular analysis showed a lack of close relationships between Komsomolsky Ogonyok and the Kordesii group, which formed a separate cluster. A pairwise comparison of the morphological characters in Komsomolsky Ogonyok with the Kordesii group revealed a significant ( p <0.05) difference in three of the four characters studied. The exceptions were flower diameter when comparing with Dortmund and Letniye Zvyozdy and peduncle length when comparing with Gutsulochka. Although Komsomolsky Ogonyok has a pattern of seasonal development similar to Dortmund in the Kordesii group, the molecular analysis did not assign the former to this group of roses. The cultivars that have valuable characters that no average rose does and that are phenotypically different from such roses represent the most valuable breeding material.

STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF JAVANESE ORNAMENTS TO INDONESIA RAILWAY STATION (CASE STUDY OF TAWANG SEMARANG STATION, SEMARANG PONCOL STATION, YOGYAKARTA STATION)

Station is a facility and infrastructure used to support train passengers. Development in the station area is expected to be a solution and can optimize the added value of management and can be an alternative to public transportation. Each region has its own characteristics and characteristics. Java is an area that still holds customs and culture. Javanese buildings are synonymous with ethical values and aesthetic values. Variety of Javanese building ornaments in the form of ornaments that have a philosophy as a clue to the level of degrees. But now the value of Javanese culture began to fade along with the times. The application of Javanese architectural ornaments to station buildings in Indonesia is one form of way to maintain and introduce the local culture of an area through building facilities. This research aims to examine the application of Javanese Architectural ornaments to railway station buildings in Indonesia. The method used is qualitative descriptive using a qualitative rationalistic analysis approach. With secondary data collection techniques and utilizing library study data, media analysis, and observation. The results showed that many train stations still use heritage architecture, however, elements of Javanese langgam in the form of ornaments appeared in buildings which are a form of cultural acculturation between countries.

Utilizing Waste from the Natural Resources of Harapan Island to Become Kitchen/Pantry Decoration Elements in Residential Homes

Lecturers and students of the Architecture Study Program at the Christian University of Indonesia together in partnership with Antheia and Fempire once again held a Community Service on Harapan Island by raising the title "Utilizing Waste from the Natural Resources of Harapan Island to Become Kitchen/Pantry Decoration Elements in Residential Homes.” This is the fourth Community Service activity on Harapan Island where the method that were used involved conducting socialization with the Harapan island’s housewives as participants with the approach involved providing instructional material from the speaker and then guiding the participants in practicing the material presented. The results showed that almost all participants were able to complete the products in form of table decorations for the pantry/kitchen as well as used bottles with shell ornaments added to them.

Utilization of Machines to Produce Craft Raw Materials from Doyo Leaf Fiber

The limitation of raw materials for doyo leaf fiber crafts is that the fiber produced is still stiff so it is mostly used for crafts in the form of decoration only. Researchers made a machine to produce doyo leaf fiber with a finer texture to help local craftsmen improve the quality of their products. This research aims to test the use of machines by local craftsmen to produce raw materials from doyo leaf fiber. This research uses a comparative description method between the process of producing raw materials from doyo leaf fiber using a machine and manually. This research found empirical evidence that doyo leaf fiber processed by machine produces products with softer quality than when processed manually. The strength of the fibers produced by the machine is the same as if processed manually. The results of this study are useful for improving the quality and diversity of products produced by local craftsmen using doyo fiber as raw material. While doyo leaf fiber has been mostly used to make decorations, processing it using a machine produces fine fiber so it can be used for fashion products.

REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FAMILY SALICACEAE MIRB. IN THE GREEN SPACES OF THE CITY OF KRYVYI RIH (DNIPROPETROVSK REGION)

Introduction. To stabilize and optimize the urban environment, it is possible only by maintaining a high level of plant activity. In the system of green spaces of cities, woody plants play the main role in shaping the environment. Among the deciduous woody plants of the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, species of the family Salicaceae Mirb. are among the most used in landscaping. Fast growth, phytoncide qualities, resistance to air pollution and unpretentiousness to soils – all this contributed to the use of Salicaceae in garden and park architecture. The study of their ecological and aesthetic role in modern urban complexes is timely and relevant. Aim. The purpose of our work was to investigate representative species of the family Salicaceae Mirb., used in the landscaping of the city of Kryvyi Rih, as well as their vital state and morphometric characteristics. Methods. The study of the real state of green spaces was carried out by the method of route surveys using the methods of landscape taxation. The degree of spread of a species or a cultivar was determined by the occurrence rate of the species, which was calculated by the ratio of the number of parks (squares) with a given species to the total number of them, expressed as a percentage. The viability of trees was determined according to the scale of viability of tree species in protected plantations by L. Savelyeva. Main results. Among the angiosperms, one of the most abundantly represented in the landscaping of parks and squares of Kryvyi Rih is the family Salicaceae Mirb. In the city’s green spaces, species and cultivars from two genera are widely used. The genus Salix L. is represented by 5 species Salix acutifolia Willd., S. alba L., S. babylonica L., S. exelsa S. G. Gmel., S. fragilis L. and 2 decorative forms of S. alba ‘Vitellina pendula’ Rehd., S. matsudana Koidz. ‘Tortuosa’. At the same time, the genus Populus L., in the green spaces of the city, is represented more widely and includes 9 species: Populus alba L., P. balsamifera L., P. bolleana Lauche, P. deltoides Marsh., P. italica (Du Roi) Moench, P. nigra L., P. simonii Carr., P. tremula L., P. trichocarpa Torr. et Gray and 2 hybrids – P. x berolinensis Dipp., P. x wettsteinii. In the course of research, it was ascertained that willows and poplars in the city’s parks are used unevenly, therefore, according to the degree of distribution, they can be divided into three categories: I category – the most common species that occur in 32-50 landscaping objects (degree of distribution – 27.6-43.1%); II category – moderately common species occurring in 7-20 landscaping objects (prevalence rate – 6–17.2%); ІІІ category – rare species growing in 1-4 landscaping objects (degree of distribution – 0.9-3.5%). The first category includes P. italica (Du Roi) Moench, P. deltoides Marsh., P. bolleana Lauche, P. nigra L. and S. alba ‘Vitellina pendula’ Rehd., which grow in almost half of the studied parks and city parks. According to the predominance of types of plantings, the following series can be built: group plantings → individual specimens → plantings in rows → massifs → alley plantings. The second category includes P. simonii Carr., S. alba L., S. babylonica L., S. matsudana Koidz. ‘Tortuosa’, S. fragilis and P. alba L. The third category consists of rare species: S. acutifolia Willd., S. excelsa S. G. Gmel. and P. tremula L., P. trichocarpa Torr. et Gray, P. balsamifera L. and the hybrid P. x wettsteinii. For the first time, information on the distribution of willows and poplars was studied and summarized in the cultivated coenoses of the Right Bank Steppe of the Dnieper region, using the example of a large industrial city, and their main morphometric characteristics were determined. The obtained data make it possible to improve planning for the use of promising species, hybrids and forms of the family Salicaceae Mirb. with the aim of enriching the value of green spaces of parks and squares in the conditions of the Right Bank Steppe of the Dnieper region. Most representatives of the family Salicaceae Mirb. passed the initial test in the conditions of the introduction area, showed satisfactory adaptability and average points of life status. The exceptions are the poplar cultivars P. ‘Hradizhzka’, P. ‘Sacrau-59’ and P. ‘Keliberdynska’, which at the age of 20 years are in excellent condition and have the highest viability rate.

Nicolai maps with four-fermion interactions

Nicolai maps offer an alternative description of supersymmetric theories via nonlinear and nonlocal transformations characterized by the so-called ‘free-action’ and ‘determinant-matching’ conditions. The latter expresses the equality of the Jacobian determinant of the transformation with the one obtained by integrating out the fermions, which so far have been considered only to quadratic terms. We argue that such a restriction is not substantial, as Nicolai maps can be constructed for arbitrary nonlinear sigma models, which feature four-fermion interactions. The fermionic effective one-loop action then gets generalized to higher loops and the perturbative tree expansion of such Nicolai maps receives quantum corrections in the form of fermion loop decorations. The ‘free-action condition’ continues to hold for the classical map, but the ‘determinant-matching condition’ is extended to an infinite hierarchy in fermion loop order. After general considerations for sigma models in four dimensions, we specialize to the case of ℂPN symmetric spaces and construct the associated Nicolai map. These sigma models admit a formulation with only quadratic fermions via an auxiliary vector field, which does not simplify our analysis.

What is the shape of institutions? Materializing the cycles of life in an East African age class society

AbstractGiving a precise definition of what an institution is raises epistemological dilemmas concerning its supposed universal applicability and the coexistence of different institutional regimes (e.g. state and customary). Scholars who have dabbled with this question often identify rules, behaviours, values, or social roles as the essence of institutions. In fact, these constitutive features do not necessarily occupy a leading position in all societies. In this article, I argue that, among East African pastoral populations such as the Samburu of northern Kenya, institutions of age class systems are the product of the changing identities of the person's maturation process. These institutionalized life cycles regulate the distribution of powers, rights, and duties within the community. Moreover, if institutions can be different ‘things’, similarly, the objects through which they materialize can vary profoundly from one social system to another. In the case of the Samburu, customary age institutions can be perceived, performed, and manipulated in the form of songs, dances, and ornaments that represent their tangible, aural, visible, and actionable substance. Just as age manifests itself through the body, institutions founded on age take shape through sonic and kinetic bodily expressions.

ANALYSIS OF THE FORM OF GELUNG TEMPLE AT PEMAKSAN PANTI BATUR SARI TEMPLE IN WERDHI AGUNG VILLAGE BOLAANG MONGONDOW DISTRICT

This research was conducted in Werdhi Agung Village, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi, which is the location of the Pemaksan Panti Batur Sari Temple. This research aims to reveal and describe the form, function and meaning contained in the Gelung Temple of Pura Panti Batur Sari from a religious and aesthetic perspective from a Hindu religious perspective. This research uses a qualitative approach to obtain actual information to answer existing problems. The data sources obtained in this research were obtained from observation, interviews with sources, and literature study. From the research results, it is known that the Gelung Temple at Pemaksan Panti Batur Sari Temple has a tall shape and a roof that tapers upwards as a symbol of a mountain. The temple is divided into three parts, namely the foot of the temple, the body of the temple, and the roof of the temple. Organic ornaments were also found, namely Flora, Fauna, Humans. Most of the ornaments in Gelung Temple are also realized in the form of Lelengisan ornaments.

The Pak Wigah Grand Mosque

The architecture of the Islamic world is unique in the way that it is able to express the doctrines of faith by virtue of material form. The “style” of this building tradition can be characterized by the use of geometric patterns and intricately detailed ornamental forms that create an overwhelming sense of serenity and spiritual beauty. This article examines the design process involved in the planning and construction of a traditional mosque through the example of the Pak Wigah Grand Mosque, designed by Kamil Khan Mumtaz and built by Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Farukh Hafeez.

INVENTORY OF THE SPECIES DIVERSITY OF THE GENUS SPIRAEA L. ON THE TERRITORY OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN "PODILLYA" VNAU AND THE USE OF THE SPECIES INVESTIGATED IN CREATING GARDEN AND PARK COMPOSITIONS

The article examines the peculiarities of the use of species and decorative forms of the genus Spiraea in the plantations of the "Podillia" botanical garden of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Namely: Japanese spirea (Spiraea japonica L.), Bumalda's spirea (Spiraea bumalda L.), White spirea (Spiraea alba (Miq.) Zab.), Thunberg's spirea (Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. ex. Blume), Wangut's spirea (Spiraea vanhouttei (Briot) Zab.), medium spirea (Spiraea media L.), birch spirea (Spiraea betulifolia L.). It was established that the species of spirea growing on the territory of the botanical garden "Podillia" of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University belong to the following sections: Calospira, Glomerati, Chamaedryon, Spiraria. The largest number of plants is the Calospira section, which includes plants of the species Spiraea japonica (Spiraea japonica L.) (12 pcs), Spiraea bumalda (Spiraea bumalda L.) (8 pcs) and White Spiraea (Spiraea alba (Miq.) Zab. ) (4 pcs). As a result of the research, it was established that species of the genus Spirea are highly decorative from the beginning of April to the beginning of November. Although spring-flowering species have a short flowering, but it is very abundant. White, Japanese, and Boumalda spireas have the longest flowering period. Also, studies have shown that, taking into account the decorative qualities of Spireia species, they can be successfully used in the design of landscape or regular style objects in such plant compositions: single or group plantings, mixed borders, curbs and hedges, when creating alleys, undergrowth and the edge of the forest, with greening of the slopes. Based on the results of the observations, landscaping projects were proposed, which demonstrate various ways of using plants of the genus Spirea in combination with other types of plants to create decorative compositions. According to the project decisions, species of the genus Tavolga can be combined with such plants as: Berberis thubergii, Heuchera sanguinea, Euonymus fortune, Coreopsis verticillta, Forsythia Intermedia , Cotoneaster divaricatus, Hydrangea paniculata, Juniperus communis and J. horizontalis.

Industrial Craft Reinstated: A Printmaker's Perspective on Tissue Transferware

&#x0D; Tissue transferware is a genre of industrial printmaking on ceramics. This genre was practiced inside the factory and is described in my doctoral study as an industrial craft. A majority of the craft knowledge has been lost as the pottery industries have closed or have replaced printing on ceramics with newer and more cost effective forms of decoration. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; In this reflective paper I present the aim of my study; to unravel and interpret the industrial craft knowledge so tissue transferware will become reinstated through the lens of contemporary printmaking. Responding as both a researcher and artist this study exposed knowledge of the process highlighting a walk-through demonstration of how it works technically using 21st century methods. In this I have established the potential for future artists working with this particular form of printmaking and ceramic process, so that it will become part of creative practice in the future. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Oral histories, archival research and ethnographic perspectives documenting lived accounts from ex-pottery and printmaking professionals with specialist knowledge supported this investigation and enabled it to progress. Material making and reflection-in-action resulted in emergent knowledge linking traditional, autographic and manual material practices with the digital and mechanical; fusing printmaking and ceramics methods of production. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The new method does not replace the original industrial craft but serves as a contemporary interpretation of it. The research has been materialised through a series of art works, produced with a palette of tools and materials familiar to artists working in the fields of printmaking and ceramics. This new method is open, accessible and within reach of future artists to realise its creative potential. &#x0D;