Origins Of Rome Research Articles

Romolo-Quirino in Enn. ann. 100 Skutsch

The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that Quirinus in Enn. ann. 100 Skutsch is to be identified with Romulus. In addition to the comparison with Ov. met. 14.849 ss., new arguments are presented: the comparison with Liv. 1.16.6 and the use of the verb venerari, which is connected etymologically with Venus, who is a deity related to Romulus and the origins of Rome.

The Winter Solstice as a Roman Cultural Fingerprint from the Mythical Origins of Rome to Augustus

ABSTRACT The winter solstice shaped Rome and its landscape from the ancestral cult of Saturnus as primordial god of the Roman territory before the city’s founding to its use by Augustus as one of the signs of his multiple celestial and solar connections. The important feasts around this date are well known and, in this paper, we propose to demonstrate how some significant public monuments, possibly from the origins of Rome and certainly from during Augustus’s reign, are oriented towards the winter solstice sunrise or sunset. To demonstrate the importance and truly cultural sense of these observations we show how the solstitial orientation is dominant in the cities founded or significantly rebuilt under Augustus. The winter solstice appears then as a powerful and stable cultural marker that traverses the history of the city of Rome, links Augustus with the origins of the city as a kind of new founder – as was already known through other evidence – and connects any provincial cities with Rome to show the depth of their commitment to her as a part of a common world view.

The First Italo-Ethiopian Clash over the Control of Eritrea and the Origins of Rome’s Imperialism

In the wake of Italy’s unification, the country’s expansionist designs were aimed, as expected, toward the opposite shore of the Mediterranean. The barrage of developments that took place in this strategic area would shape the country’s future alliances and colonial policies. The fear of French aggression on the coast of North Africa drove officials in Rome to the camp of the Central Powers, a diplomatic move of great importance for Europe’s evolution prior to World War I. The disturbance of the Mediterranean balance of power, when France occupied Tunisia and Britain held Cyprus and Egypt, the inability to find a colony in proximity to Italy, and a series of diplomatic defeats led Roman officials to look to the Red Sea and to provoke war with the Ethiopian Empire.

The First Italo-Ethiopian Clash over the Control of Eritrea and the Origins of Rome's Imperialism

Abstract In the wake of Italy's unification, the country's expansionist designs were aimed, as expected, toward the opposite shore of the Mediterranean. The barrage of developments that took place in this strategic area would shape the country's future alliances and colonial policies. The fear of French aggression on the coast of North Africa drove officials in Rome to the camp of the Central Powers, a diplomatic move of great importance for Europe's evolution prior to World War I. The disturbance of the Mediterranean balance of power, when France occupied Tunisia and Britain held Cyprus and Egypt, the inability to find a colony in proximity to Italy, and a series of diplomatic defeats led Roman officials to look to the Red Sea and to provoke war with the Ethiopian Empire.

RODRIGO JIMÉNEZ DE RADA Y LA COMPILACIÓN HISTORIOGRÁFICA DEL CÓDICE DE BAMBERG HIST. 3

Rodrigo Jimenez de Rada's Historia Romanorum depends, when describing some of Aeneas's adventures and the origins of Rome, both on the anonymous paraphrase of the Excidium Troie called Excidium, and on the paraphrase of Paul the Deacon's Historia Romana copied in some manuscripts related to the codex Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek Hist. 3. Some features of Jimenez de Rada's Historia de rebus Hispanie also follow the paraphrase of Exordia Scythica copied in the same family of manuscripts. The antigraphus of the Bamberg codex, probably written in Campania in the tenth century, seems to have been the textual model for Jimenez de Rada, a man who used to travel to Italy and visit the papal court. Besides proving this fact, this paper aims to follow the steps of Excidium Troie, a text whose presence in medieval Spain is detectable, although in a particular version, in some manuscripts of the late 13th century.

The World Through Roman Eyes: Anthropological Approaches to Ancient Culture ed. by Maurizio Bettini and William Michael Short

Reviewed by: The World Through Roman Eyes: Anthropological Approaches to Ancient Culture ed. by Maurizio Bettini and William Michael Short Lora L. Holland Goldthwaite Maurizio Bettini and William Michael Short (eds.). The World Through Roman Eyes: Anthropological Approaches to Ancient Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Pp. xiv, 471. $150.00. ISBN 978-1-107-15761-3. Classics scholars and advanced students looking for new insights into the Roman world will find them in this rich volume of fifteen collected articles in English.1 [End Page 107] Laudable are its abundant documentation of sources on topics both familiar and novel, and a consistent methodology derived from the hermeneutical tools of the social sciences. One perspective that is missing is relevant feminist theory,2 and the focus on literary evidence means that useful material culture is often not considered. I will briefly address the contributions in order of appearance. "Comparison" and "Metaphors," by Bettini and Short respectively, address the theoretical underpinnings of the volume's methodology. Bettini argues for the need to examine both "universal traits" based on emic sources as well as cultural "oddities" based on etic observation; hence the volume's selection of themes and format. Short contributes a case study of alimentary language as a common cultural model of thinking and communicating in Latin rather than an élite metaphor. Pironti and Perfigli in "Polytheism" demonstrate convincingly how the Roman familia served as a model for the conception of "main" and "helper" gods (i.e., indigitamenta) that populated the Roman pantheon. Bettini's second contribution, "Myth," asserts that fabulae about the origins of Rome and its topography served also as their "verification and foundation." Prescendi's "Sacrifice" argues that the Roman formula do ut des was dependent more on belief in reciprocity than previous notions of perfunctory commercial transaction allowed. Cherubini's "Witches" is a fascinating analysis of the Roman conception of the strix and its continuity in Italian folklore. Especially useful is Lentano's "Kinship" discussion of cultural differences between agnates and cognates in the Roman family. Raccanelli and Beltrami's "Friendship and the Gift" delves deeply and expertly into Latin literature; but we miss incorporation of the amici memorialized in Latin epigraphy.3 Viglietti's excellent "Economy" addresses the notion of "scarcity" in the archaic and early Republican periods in Rome and its environs. In "Space," De Sanctis' take on Roman topography mirrors Bettini's "Myth" chapter, but goes beyond fabulae to a new analysis of the ritual foundation of the city. In "Animals," Franco presents an anthrozoological analysis of the cultural transference of Circe's tame beasts in Greek myth to caged wildness in Vergil's retelling in Aeneid 7. Hautala's "Plants" proposes a polythetic Greco-Roman methodology for classifying certain plants with reference to the divine body. Pucci's multi-faceted "Images" (written before the 2015 discovery of the Pylos Combat agate) [End Page 108] argues that Greek imagery is best understood as re-functionalized in its Roman context. Manetti's "Signs" examines in a wide range of texts how the Greek and Latin vocabularies of semiotics are paradigmatic of knowledge. The final chapter, "Riddles," is an enthralling study of "enigmatic discourse" focusing on the late Antique poet Symposius, and Ovidian oracles and dreams. Reader aids include an aggregated list of references, Greek and Latin word indices, and a general subject index. Even if one is not equally interested in all the subjects covered in this volume, it deserves to be read cover to cover for the overall picture of Roman culture it presents. Lora L. Holland Goldthwaite University of North Carolina at Asheville Footnotes 1. First published in Italian in 2014 as Con i Romani. Un'antropologia della cultura antica by Il Mulino Press in Bologna for €30,00 with the same introduction and articles, but in a slightly different order. The text-editing, bibliography, and translation of William Short's "Metaphors" article in the Italian original were done by Alessandro Buccheri, who is not acknowledged in this English version. William Short is thanked for translating the "Polytheism" article into English (71), but I could not find who was responsible for the remaining translations, or in fact any reference to the original publication...

The Law and the Line: The Literary Mirroring of a Paradigm

Abstract The essay deals with the topic of “border” in the light of the conceptual and etymological link between ideas of Law and Line. Starting from the mythological origins of Rome, passing through Kafka and Shakespeare, Defoe and Dostoyevsky, both the multiform and ancestral need of drawing juridical lines and the consequences of their overcoming are highlighted. The line, seen as both a territorial and a metaphorical border, as a boundary between “what is mine” from “what is yours,” as a separation between what is allowed and what is not, is described as a well-marked sign, reminding Kandinsky’s paintings, but also as a concept sometimes indeterminate, especially when we consider certain “foggy issues” of the contemporary times, such as the proprietary relationship between a person and its body.

The Origins of Rome, Troy: Adoption of Aeneias Legend

The Origins of Rome, Troy: Adoption of Aeneias Legend

Beneficium, iustitia e imperium tra passato, presente e futuro

The section of Cicero’s De Officiis on the circulation of benefits according to justice implies a redefinition of traditional customs ( mores ) through the identification of an unbridgeable distance between past and present. Indeed, in the second book of the treatise ( 2.26-30), the author seems to outline a of Roman power sub specie beneficii , a history in which the relinquishment of the practice of benefiting allies ( beneficium in socios ) is connected with the rise of a cruelty towards citizens ( crudelitas in cives ) embodied by Sulla. In Cicero's view, this is the crucial historical moment in which iniuriae replaced beneficia . The contrast between beneficium and iniuria reflects the opposition between bellum iustum and bellum iniustum , and these two antithetical conceptual poles correspond to a temporal dialectic between distant past and recent past/present. As concerns Cicero's connection between the preservation of Roman power and the practice of beneficentia , a major point of comparison is offered by Sallust's overview of the history of Roman customs and institutions in Cat . 6-13. In fact, b eneficium , iustitia and imperium are three pivotal elements which lay the foundations of Cicero's and Sallust's reflection on cultural history. In spite of their different intellectual perspectives and goals , both authors connect beneficence and offence, beneficium and iniuria , with two opposite temporal dimensions – past and present, respectively – and point out the relationship of these two notions to iustitia and imperium . Interesting evidence about the roots of the practice of beneficium and its application to conquered peoples is also provided by Virgil's Aeneid . In his epic poem dealing with the very origins of Rome, just a few moments before the final duel between Aeneas and Turnus, Virgil offers a typical example of leniency towards the defeated enemies ( beneficium in victos ). In Book 12 (175-194 ), Aeneas proposes to Latinus a pact which presents Rome as a paradigmatically merciful power. Further c onspicuous evidence on the concession of political benefits to foreign peoples comes from Caesar's Commentaries , which show the fundamental importance of beneficentia to Rome's domestic and foreign policy . U nder the dictatorship of Caesar, however, such a traditional practice was significantly undermined . After his victory in the Civil War, in fact, the dictator put special emphasis on his concession of the benefit of life as a gift for t he vanquished , thus intentionally assimilating beneficium in cives and beneificium in victos. A similar anomaly was fully perceived by Cicero , who alludes to the dangers of Caesar's leniency in several letters written to Atticus in 49. In light of such long-term developments , the prescriptive section on beneficentia in Cicero's De Officiis seems to play a truly critical role, for, on the one hand, this section recalls the paradigmatic value of the past as an ideal age of benefit-exchanges, and, on the other hand, it puts forth a new model of beneficium for the sake of future generations.

The Origins of Rome: Social Memory and Aeneas’ Role as Leader in Vergil’s <I>Aeneid</I>

The Origins of Rome: Social Memory and Aeneas’ Role as Leader in Vergil’s <I>Aeneid</I>

Fabula, monumentum e a fundação de Roma no prefácio de Tito Lívio (6-9)

In the preface to his Ab urbe condita libri, Livy has expressed some observations about the nature of the facts concerning the foundation of the city of Rome. The objective of this study is to discuss how Livy has faced the obstacles that imposed themselves for those who wished to investigate the origins of Rome, through his manipulation of the concepts of fabula and monumentum.

FOUNDER, CIVILIZER AND LEADER: VERGIL'S EVANDER AND HIS ROLE IN THE ORIGINS OF ROME

AbstractContrary to the two other major Augustan writers who discussed the origins of Rome, Vergil's Roman prehistory centers on the presence of Evander. An involuntary exile from the East (Greek Arcadia) who settled in Latium and instilled civilization and laws among the Italians, Evander is a duplicate of Aeneas, a cultural ancestor and a model of leadership. Aeneas is instructed by the deities of Italy (Tiberinus) to pay a visit to Pallanteum, Evander's capital and the primordial site of Rome, in order to learn about the past and receive instructions about the future. His tour of proto-Rome, led by Evander, carries Aeneas through a series of monuments that span through Rome's entire history. Aeneas is guided to follow Evander's example, and Vergil, urging reevaluation of widespread anti-Hellenic prejudices, prominently underscores the seminal contribution of Greece to the cultural and political origins of Rome.

The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought.Philip Jacks

Previous articleNext article No AccessReviewsThe Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Philip Jacks Ingrid D. RowlandIngrid D. Rowland Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Speculum Volume 71, Number 4Oct., 1996 The journal of the Medieval Academy of America Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/2865748 Views: 2Total views on this site Copyright 1996 Medieval Academy of AmericaPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Philip JacksG. J. Vossius and the Humanist Concept of History. Nicholas Wickenden , F. F. Blok , C. S. M. Rademaker , P. Tuynman

<i>The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought</i>. Philip Jacks<i>G. J. Vossius and the Humanist Concept of History</i>. Nicholas Wickenden , F. F. Blok , C. S. M. Rademaker , P. Tuynman

The Antiquarians and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought

The Antiquarians and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought

The Antiquarian and the Myth ofAntiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought, by Philip Jacks, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Attempts to understand the history of archaeology must inevitably face the issue of origins; while historical consciousness is common to human society, studying the past through the detailed excavation, analysis, and acquisition of its material remains has until recent generations been largely the domain of European society and its descendants. There is nothing inherently logical about this pursuit; the evolution of archaeology as a way of knowing the past has specifIc historical roots and antecedents in western society and needs to be understood in light of these circumstances.<br /><br />The Renaissance is arguably the cultural hearth in which archaeology took shape. Scholars of the age who seem to anticipate our own predilections. such as Cyriaco D'Ancona, are usually to be found in introductory chapters of archaeological textbooks immediately following Nabonidus of Babylon. Jacks takes a more contextual approach, discussing the relationships between scholarship and society in Italy from the late Medieval period through the 16th century. This is not a general history of antiquar­ian thought during the Renaissance, nor is it a study of the work of a specific individual. The author takes as his focus the changing perceptions of antiquity held by scholars of the age, with particular emphasis on the construction and manipulation of images of ancient Rome.

Rome as Idea - P. J. Jacks: The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity. The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Pp. xix+376, 103 figs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Cased.

Rome as Idea - P. J. Jacks: The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity. The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Pp. xix+376, 103 figs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Cased. - Volume 45 Issue 2

Philip Jacks, The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. xix + 376pp. 103 illustrations £45.00, $65.00.

Philip Jacks, The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. xix + 376pp. 103 illustrations £45.00, $65.00.

The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. By Philip Jacks.

<i>The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought</i>. By Philip Jacks.

:The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought

1. In Forma Leonis: the medieval city 2. Urbs or Civitas the Humanists' debate 3. A modern birthday for Renaissance Rome 4. Saecula Saturni et Iani: a second golden age 5. Roma Caput Mundi-Caput Orbis Terrarum.