Origins Of Metabolic Syndrome Research Articles

A metabolic self in contemporary Japan: a cultural reading

Framed by international concerns about obesity and overweight, Japanese officials highlight rising trends of men aged between 40 and 60 suffering from metabolic syndrome. Theoretically grounded in symbolic interactionism and the concept of ‘biopedagogy’ Wright (Biopolitics and the ‘obesity epidemic’ governing bodies, Routledge, London and New York, 2009), this article explores the symbolism attached to a metabolic self through a textual and iconographic analysis of 805 media reports and Internet sites produced between 2009 and 2017. Definition, guidance and gender are three axes that orient the analysis, whose outcomes suggest that from a definitional viewpoint a medical and ‘scientifically valid’ causal link between a metabolic self and disease cannot be established, but the origin of metabolic syndrome is allegedly ignorance and indolence, suggesting that metabolic syndrome is presocial. Guidance is largely underpinned by the formula dieting + exercise = bodyweight control, the retrieval of traditional Japanese food and the commodification of a metabo self. The case history of a married older man grappling with metabolic syndrome challenges the presociality thesis, and at the same time points up the feminisation of care. To conclude, the paper underscores that a metabo self has been largely scripted as a Westernised, commodified, weak-willed, male self largely depending on women.

Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Gaza Strip, Palestine.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is raising worldwide; however, the role of diet in the origin of metabolic syndrome is not understood well. This study identifies major dietary patterns among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without metabolic syndrome; and its association with metabolic syndrome components in Gaza Strip, Palestine. This cross sectional study was conducted among 1200 previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (both genders, aged 20 - 64 years) patients receiving care in primary healthcare centers in Gaza Strip, Palestine. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria; dietary patterns were evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Two major dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis: Asian-like pattern and sweet-soft drinks-snacks pattern. After adjustment for confounding variables, patients in the highest tertile of the Asian-like pattern characterized by a high intake of whole grains, potatoes, beans, legumes, vegetables, tomatoes and fruithad a lower odds for (Metabolic syndrome, central obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol and high blood pressure), (OR 0.766 CI 95% (.642-.914)), (OR 0.797 CI 95% (.652-.974)), (OR 0.791 CI 95% (.687-.911)), (OR 0.853 CI 95% (.743-.978)) and (OR 0.815 CI 95% (.682-.973)) respectively, (P value < 0.05 for all). No significant association was found between the sweet-soft drinks-snacks pattern with metabolic syndrome and its components. The Asian-like pattern may be associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among type 2 diabetes patients.

4: Antenatal origins of metabolic syndrome in fetuses of obese women

4: Antenatal origins of metabolic syndrome in fetuses of obese women

Exposure to Phthalates Affects Insulin Resistance in the Elderly

O-31C6-5 Background/Aims: High plasma levels of insulin and glucose due to insulin resistance (IR) are believed to be the origin of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, including its complications. In this study, we tried to determine whether exposure to phthalates affects insulin and glucose levels and HOMA index as IR indices and oxidative stress in elderly. Methods: We recruited 525 of aged persons more than 52 years old and obtained blood and urine samples during 3 medical examinations. We measured urinary level of mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) as DEHP metabolites, and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) as a DBP metabolite. We also measured levels of insulin and glucose in serum in order to assess IR. In addition, the HOMA, an indirect index for the assessment of IR, was calculated. Malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress biomarker, was also measured in urine samples. Results: When we estimated the effect of MEHHP, MEOHP, and MnBP on each IR index and MDA level using repeated analysis, all MEHHP, MEOHP, and MnBP levels showed positive relationships with insulin, glucose, HOMA index, and MDA levels after being adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and cotinine level (MEHHP-insulin, β = 0.0954, P = 0.0013; MEOHP-insulin, β = 0.1116, P = 0.0002; MnBP-insulin, β = 0.1149, P = 0.0003; MEHHP-glucose, β = 0.0446, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our study results suggest that the exposure to phthalates increases IR and oxidative stress in the elderly.

Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in an Urban Mexican Population ,

The role that diet plays in the origin of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is not completely understood. Certain foods and nutrients have been established as dietary risk factors for MetS. However, the dietary patterns associated with MetS risk have been minimally studied with factor analysis. Our objective in this study was to use exploratory factor analysis to examine whether particular dietary patterns are related to risk of MetS in Mexican adults. We characterized the dietary patterns among 5240 men and women aged 20–70 y in the Health Workers Cohort Study. Information on participants’ sociodemographic conditions and physical activity was collected via self-administered questionnaires. We also obtained anthropometric and clinical measurements and fasting blood samples for biochemical analyses. In a cross-sectional analysis, we examined dietary patterns in relation to MetS, defined using criteria from the Adult Treatment Panel III. Factor analysis revealed 3 major dietary patterns: prudent, Western, and high protein/fat. The prevalence of MetS was 26.6%. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with participants in the lowest tertile of the Western pattern, those in the highest tertile had higher odds ratios (OR) for high fasting glucose (OR, 1.67; 95% CI: 1.36–2.06), low serum HDL cholesterol (OR, 1.55; 95% CI: 1.31–1.83), and MetS (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.31–1.88). However, we found no significant associations between other patterns and MetS. In summary, a diet high in soft drinks, refined grains, corn tortillas, pastries, seafood, and whole grains was associated with MetS risk. This result emphasizes the importance of preventive nutrition interventions.

Developmental origin of metabolic syndrome: interaction of thinness at birth and overweight during adult life in Chinese population

In the present study we explore the association between the ponderal index (PI) at birth and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in middle-aged population in China. A total of 975 men and women aged 41-52 years with detailed birth records were followed up and recruited for clinic examinations, involving anthropometry and measurements of blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum lipid profile. The MetS was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult Treatment Panel III) definition. Multivariate logistic regression analysis estimated the effect of PI on MetS and the interaction between PI at birth and adult body mass index (BMI). The average prevalence of MetS was 19.3%, with rates of 23.7%, 22.9%, 16.9% and 16.5% in those who at birth were <25th percentile, the 25th-50th percentile, the 50th-75th percentile and >75th percentile PI respectively, with a significant decreasing trend (x(2) (for trend) = 5.661, P = 0.017). Logistic regression analysis showed that 25.7% of the occurrence of MetS was attributable to PI at birth and adult BMI both acting independently and synergistically. In summary thinness at birth predicts the later occurrence of MetS, as well as modifying the association between later BMI and MetS. Overweight later in life was most deleterious for those with growth retardation at birth.

Dietary Intake and the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome

The role of diet in the origin of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is not well understood; thus, we sought to evaluate the relationship between incident MetSyn and dietary intake using prospective data from 9514 participants (age, 45 to 64 years) enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline via a 66-item food frequency questionnaire. We used principal-components analysis to derive "Western" and "prudent" dietary patterns from 32 food groups and evaluated 10 food groups used in previous studies of the ARIC cohort. MetSyn was defined by American Heart Association guidelines. Proportional-hazards regression was used. Over 9 years of follow-up, 3782 incident cases of MetSyn were identified. After adjustment for demographic factors, smoking, physical activity, and energy intake, consumption of a Western dietary pattern (P(trend)=0.03) was adversely associated with incident MetSyn. After further adjustment for intake of meat, dairy, fruits and vegetables, refined grains, and whole grains, analysis of individual food groups revealed that meat (P(trend)<0.001), fried foods (P(trend)=0.02), and diet soda (P(trend)=< 0.001) also were adversely associated with incident MetSyn, whereas dairy consumption (P(trend)=0.006) was beneficial. No associations were observed between incident MetSyn and a prudent dietary pattern or intakes of whole grains, refined grains, fruits and vegetables, nuts, coffee, or sweetened beverages. These prospective findings suggest that consumption of a Western dietary pattern, meat, and fried foods promotes the incidence of MetSyn, whereas dairy consumption provides some protection. The diet soda association was not hypothesized and deserves further study.

P1-160 Developmental origins of metabolic syndrome: interaction of thinness at birth and overweight during adult life in Chinese population

P1-160 Developmental origins of metabolic syndrome: interaction of thinness at birth and overweight during adult life in Chinese population

The aspect of metabolic syndrome

The origin of metabolic syndrome is the disordered life style, overeating and lack of exercise, and the accumulation of visceral fat. The disordered life style causes the accumulation of visceral fat, and the accumulation of visceral fat causea atherosclerotic risk factors composing metabolic syndrome via adipocytokines, which are secreted from visceral fat. And finally the metabolic syndorome causes atherosclerotic diseases. The improvement of disordered life style is the most important for the therapy of metabolic syndrome, because the disordered life style is at the upper stream of metabolic syndrome. The improvement of disordered life style has good effects on the all risk factors composing metabolic syndrome. The risk factors composing metabolic syndrome, even if they are not severe, should not be neglected, because the light risk factors gathering make a huge atherosclerotic risk.