Organomineral Additives Research Articles

Experimental studies of the strength of fine-grained concrete with implementations of organomineral additives

Experimental studies of the strength of fine-grained concrete with implementations of organo mineral additives were carried out. The organo mineral additive in the amount of 5-15% by weight of cement has a significant effect on the strength characteristics. Zeolite-containing rock with a specific surface area of 4000 cm2/g was used in the studied compositions. The amount of water added to the mixture also increases with an increase in the amount of organo mineral additive in the concrete mixture. The introduction of an organo mineral additive as a mineral additive instead of a part of the cement promotes the pozzolanic process, in which amorphous silica (SiO2) is bound to the lime formed during cement hydration as a result of the transition to down-basic hydro silicates. The addition of zeolite-containing rocks in an amount of 5-15% by weight of cement has a significant effect on the strength characteristics. The greatest increase in compressive and flexural strength is achieved by replacing 10% cement with TPP ash (heat from a power plant). It was established that a 10% dosage of TPP ash is optimal and is used for a further selection of the composition of fine-grained concrete. The resulting mixture has increased workability and plasticity. The most optimal dosage of additives is 1-1.5%. As the second mineral additive, we used an additive of technogenic origin - microsilica, i.e. ash from burning rice husks. After studying the literature, it was concluded that the addition of microsilica in an amount of 10-12% by weight of cement most contributes to increasing the strength of concrete. The research work is aimed at improving the properties of cellular concrete, developing their composition and production technology by introducing minerals and modifying additives. The results of the research work provide an increase in manufacturability, strength, water and frost resistance, and operational reliability of the obtained materials. The joint implementation of ash and a chemical mixture into fine-grained concrete allows concluding that the strength indicators increase, and the water-cement ratio and porosity decrease.

Effect of mineral additives on the adherence strength of reinforced concrete with increased corrosion resistance

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the corrosion resistance of steel reinforcement in concrete samples containing modifying additives using an accelerated electrochemical corrosion method. It was found that the adhesion strength between the reinforcement and the cement stone of concrete largely depends on the corrosion resistance of the reinforcement in concrete. At the same time, the best result from the tested concretes was shown by the developed concrete of optimal composition, in which the adhesion strength between concrete and reinforcement is 1.7 times higher than that of control concrete without mineral additives. The obtained results can be explained by the fact that an increase in the density of concrete due to the modification of its structure with organo-mineral additives leads not only to an increase in its strength, but also to a better protection of steel reinforcement in concrete from corrosion. This will help to increase the durability of reinforced concrete structures of offshore hydraulic structures in Vietnam and increase the period of their maintenance-free operation.

АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ МЕТОДОВ ВВЕДЕНИЯ ОРГАНОМИНЕРАЛЬНОЙ ДОБАВКИ В СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ РАСТВОРЫ НА МЕЛКИХ ПЕСКАХ

the use of technogenic raw materials in the production of building composites is an urgent direction in the technology of production of building materials in view of its economic efficiency, environmental effect and wide possibilities of their application. Recently, the issues of environmental safety in the production of building materials, the possibility of their processing and disposal have come to the fore. All this is dictated by the need for energy and resource conservation, the massive depletion of natural reserves and the progres-sive pollution of the environment due to anthropogenic activities. Construction composites provide ample opportunities for recycling of secondary raw materials, as their structure allows them to be used not only as a filler, but also in some cases as additives for regulating certain properties. More studied and widely used are ash and slag mixtures on the basis of which various organomineral additives are developed. So, on the territory of the Chechen Republic there are dumps of ash and slag mixtures, which, according to their chem-ical and mineralogical composition, are suitable for the design of organomineral additives and fillers in con-struction concretes and solutions. Building solutions are widely used for interior and exterior finishing works during the construction of construction projects in the Chechen Republic, which is characterized by high humidity in the winter, which provokes deformations of the plaster layer on facades. In this article, the de-velopment of an organomineral additive based on an ash-slag mixture is considered to improve the quality of mortar mixtures resistant to such conditions.

Increasing the service life of lubricants for the lubrication of agricultural machinery and road machinery

The article presents the results of the research on the adsorption activity of activated and organomodified aluminosilicate particles used as nanosized organomineral additives in lubricants technology. The technologies of oil adsorptive purification in presence of modified aluminosilicate particles are examined. The efficiency of bentonite activation with sodium chloride solution, acid activation of powdered bentonite, production of organomodified bentonite for base oil additives, aimed at increasing the wear resistance of steel surfaces, are analyzed. The efficiency of such materials usability for extending the lubricants life cycle has been shown. Tribological tests have confirmed the prospects of additives based on modified particles of aluminosilicates to increase the service life of friction units.

The effectiveness of organomineral feed additives from local raw materials in feeding young horses in Yakutia

The article presents data on the study of the effect of organomineral feed additives based on sapropel and zeolite in combination with mineral salt while feeding young horses in the Far North of Yakutia. The research was carried out on young horses of the Yan type of the Yakut breed. Three groups of experimental young horses were selected. Clinically healthy animals were approved for scientific experiment. The research program included the study of growth and development for individual periods of cultivation, assessment of nutritional value of diets by groups, the study of the blood morpho-biochemical composition to determine the effect of feed additives on the animal physiology. Experiments have shown that animals consuming organomineral feed additives grew more intensively and surpassed their peers in all periods of rearing. Thus, at 5 months of age horses from II and III experimental groups surpassed others by 0.78% and 0.50%, and upon reaching 6 months of age this indicator was equal to 2.37% and 1.55%. In total, during the experiment the animals from the experimental groups exceeded the test group by 10.92% and 6.21% in terms of live weight. This is most noticeable in the average daily gain in live weight. Therefore, at the age of 4-5 months the experimental groups grew more intensively than the test group by 8.68% and 3.77%; in the 5-6-month age the result was similar (by 13.16% and 8.65%). It means that feeding organomineral additives to young horses contributed to a significant increase in live weight and to the improvement in the blood morpho-biochemical composition.

Rational Design of Effective Antifreeze Additives for Mortars and Concretes

The principles of designing complex anti-frost organomineral additives for mortars and concretes have been developed. The nature of the influence of the components of additives on the composition of the products of hydration of cement stone is analyzed. The influence of polymineral complex additives used in conjunction with hyperplasticizers on the kinetics of high-strength concrete hardening has been studied.

Development of the Composition of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete for the Repair of Bridge Structures

The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the service life of road networks, which, with an increasing flow of vehicles in harsh climatic conditions, becomes even more urgent. In such conditions, with the traditional approach to the reinforcement of the roadway of bridge structures, defects often appear on the concrete surface in the form of macrocracks and potholes in the protective layer. As one of the ways to solve this problem, the use of concrete with dispersed reinforcement with steel fibers for the upper layer of the pavement is considered, which makes it possible to increase its strength and impact strength. To determine the required amount of concrete mixture components with specified performance characteristics, a two-factor experiment was carried out, which made it possible to obtain a regression dependence of the ultimate compressive strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete at the design age, depending on the proportion of the mass of steel fiber on the mass of solid components and the proportion of the mass of organo-mineral additives from the mass of cement. The recipe of steel fiber reinforced concrete, developed on the basis of the experimental data, was tested during the reconstruction of one of the bridges of the A360 Lena federal highway.

Improving the performance of lime-sand finishing mixes

In many regions of the world, there are significant reserves of polymineral clays with a predominance of montmorillonite. Despite this, there is a lack of scientific research on the use of polymineral clays to modify and improve the properties of dry mortar mixes. The novelty of the article is to identify the scientific patterns of the influence of organomineral additives on the structure formation of wall finishing products. The organomineral additive based on polymineral clays with a high content of montmorillonite was prepared in the form of new composition, based on which dry mortar mix for interior decoration of walls of buildings with improved strength properties and operational characteristics was created. It was established that the adsorption of an organic additive promotes hydrophilization of the clay surface and an increase in its effective specific surface. The formulation of an organomineral additive for dry mortar mixes was developed, which promotes the adsorption of anionic and nonionic surfactants on the surface of polymineral clays with a high content of montmorillonite. In addition, the microstructural, morphological properties and XRD data of the researched materials were determined. The composition of the dry mortar mix designed for internal finishing work and containing lime, quartz sand fraction 0.63–0.16 and organomineral additive was developed. The following indicators characterize the finishing layer based on the developed mix: adhesive strength Radh = 0.60–0.76 MPa, cohesive strength Rcoh = 0.35–0.36 MPa, vapor permeability µ = 0.055–0.058 mg / m·h·Pa, conditional ratio crack resistance Ccr = 0.54–0.58, water absorption by weight Wm = 12.29–13.62%, elastic modulus E = 40–50 MPa, shrinkage deformation ɛ = 0.020–0.034%. The calculation in the SCAD Office software proved that the developed dry mortar mixes satisfy the crack resistance conditions of the finishing composites and can be used for decorative interior decoration of building walls.

Effect of organo-mineral additives on physical-mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of sand-cement mortars

Introduction. TConstruction of large-scale offshore structures in the coastal area of Vietnam requires new compositions of binders for hydraulic concretes, advanced concrete mixing technologies, and concrete transportation to depositing sites. Materials and methods. The binder, containing sulfate resistant Portland cement and finely dispersed mineral additives, including low calcium fly ash of TPP “Vung Ang” and silica fume SF-90 (SF-90), was added to the mortar mix, and the same about SR 5000F superplasticizer and quartz river sand. Powder particle shape and size were measured using laser granulometry; X-ray diffraction was employed to identify the mineral composition of sulfate-resistant cement; the effect of multi-component organo-mineral additives on the phase composition of the cement stone was studied using methods of thermogravimetric analysis; the absolute volume method was employed to analyze the composition of the mortar. Results. The co-authors have analyzed the application of new compositions of multi-component organic-mineral additives whose content, if taken as a percentage of the cement weight, reaches 1.1–1.45 % of SF 5000F superplasticizer, 10–15 % of SF-90, and 30 % of fly ash. New additives accelerate compressive and tensile strength development by 1.4–1.9 times, and that’s been confirmed by bending early-age and 28-day cement-sand mortar specimens, that have sulfate-resistant cement, and their benchmarking against control specimens. It’s been identified that SF-90 and fly ash, if added to the mix, reduce the Portlandite content in the cement stone by 1.27–3.29 % at the age of 28 days in comparison with the benchmark composition due to their high pozzolanic activity Conclusions. Testing results enable co-authors to recommend the application of multi-component organo-mineral additives to increase the resistance of cement-sand compositions to sulfate corrosion due to the denser structure and lower porosity of the cement stone, caused by the lower value of the water/binder ratio and the packing of pore spaces with active mineral fillers. Therefore, new additives are recommended for use in the production of corrosion resistant concretes suitable for construction of offshore hydraulic structures in Vietnam.

Mathematical Simulation of Bottom Ash Effect and Expanded Polystyrene on the Polystyrene Concrete Properties

Nowadays various light concrete types have many advantages as compared to heavyweight concrete (total structures mass decrease, increased thermophysical properties, less material consumption). Various industrial wastes use such as fly ashes, slag and bottom ash was suggested to enhance the light concretes effectiveness. This is greatly important for a green light concrete production since it is very important to obtain new types of environmentally friendly materials using wastes. The article substantiates the light concrete use and creation with organo-mineral additives based on industrial waste, analysis of the second-order mathematical model describing the bottom ash (BA) amount effect of Vung Ang TPP and expandable polystyrene spheres (EPS) on the light concrete density and compressive strength at the age of 28 days of normal hardening is done. In this work, the BA and EPS amounts varied from 14.5 to 45.5%, respectively, of the cement weight and from 24.5 to 55.5% of the concrete mix volume. The effect of expanded polystyrene spheres (EPS) and bottom ash (BA) TPP "Vung Ang" amounts as the input parameters on the polystyrene concrete properties (PCP) were investigated in this study. On the one hand, various proportions of BA (14.5, 20, 30, 40 and 45.5%) were blended in concrete mixes as partial weight replacement for Portland cement. On the other hand, EPS amount was replaced by the fresh concrete volume in the range from 24.5% to 55.5%. Additionally, the central composite design method of Box-Wilson for second order factors was used to predict the EPS and BA effects on the polystyrene concrete properties. The results showed that the proposed regression equations of this mathematical model achieved an adequate prediction accuracy. Hence, the effects of both bottom ash contents and expanded polystyrene spheres on the dry density and 28-day compressive strength of the PSC-specimens were significant. In the future, further investigations have to be carried out to study the quality prediction of green light concrete containing various wastes.

Study on Physico-Mechanical Properties of the Modified Alkaline Aluminosilicate Adhesive-Bonded Timber Elements

The purpose of the work was to study physico-mechanical properties of glued connections of wood rods, toothed lamellae after splicing and corner spike clamping of window frames which were obtained in the production conditions. The alkaline aluminosilicate binder-based adhesive (glue) of the composition 0.8Na2O·Al2O3·4.5SiO2·20H2O modified using organo-mineral additives was used in testing. After solidification of the adhesive, the samples were cut to determine the strength of frame corner joints in bending, glued timber connections for splitting along the grains, toothed glued connections in bending and water resistance of the glued connections of timber elements. The results of these tests showed high values of strength characteristics in case of the proposed modified alkaline aluminosilicate binder-based adhesive (glue), which were by 1.5 times higher than those in case of the WoodMax (D2) taken as a reference glue, and in water resistance complied with Class D2/D3 as per PN-EN 204.

On the issue of expanding the base of mineral and complex additives for cement concrete

Modern materials science is characterized not only by the creation of high-strength building materials, but also by using a large number of raw materials and additives that improve the properties of concrete mixtures and concrete. The article considers the possibility of using both old and new generations of complex organomineral additives in concrete production. The nature of the effect of additives on the rheological behavior of cement systems and hydrate formation processes, as well as an assessment of the effect of mineral and organic additives on the composition of hydration products of cement systems, are revealed. Studies have shown that complex additives, which include hyper- and superplasticizers, lead to some slowdown in hydration and crystallization processes. The high efficiency of plasticizing additives helps to reduce water content, which in turn provides increased strength of cement concrete.

Organomineral specimen for increasing potato yield and reducing its disease level under conditions of Tomsk region

The paper explores organomineral additives Tourmax (which includes not only main mineral components, but metabolic products of rhizosphere microorganisms) when cultivating Nevsky potatoes in the periods which differ in weather conditions on gray forest soil. The experiment included control, single spraying of potato with Tourmax on shoots and during budding and double spraying of plants on shoots and in the budding phase. The results showed that spraying vegetative parts of potato plants with Tourmax (single treatment or during budding, as well as a double treatment and before flowering) despite different weather conditions, influenced significantly the potato yield. The authors found out there was a significant effect caused by Tourmax on reducing fungal and bacterial infections for two years with double treatment of vegetative organs. Application of a new organomineral fertilizer Tourmax shows positive effect of the specimen not only on potato yield, but it reduces fungal and bacterial infections in years with different weather conditions. The paper describes the most effective way to double spraying potatoes during the season on shoots and during budding.

Complex Organomineral Additives with Hardening Accelerator

A complex organomineral additive based on local raw materials (diatomite), superplasticizer and accelerator for sodium sulfate hardening has been developed. The possibility of using activated diatomite in the composition of concrete instead of microsilica with activation of the sodium sulfate hardening process is shown. The results of the effect of additives on the composition of the hydrated phases of cement systems, the processes of structure formation and hardening of cement materials, the effect of a complex additive on the strength of concrete are given. The achievement of high strength parameters of concretes, including those with a lower cement consumption, is ensured by introducing into the concrete mix fine-dispersed mineral components that promote the creation of a rheologically active matrix and increase the effectiveness of super-and hyperplasticizers.

ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К РАЗРАБОТКЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНЫХ ОРГАНОМИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ ДОБАВОК ДЛЯ БЕТОНА

Представлены физико-химические подходы к разработке эффективных органоминеральных добавок для регулирования свойств бетонных смесей. Углублены представления о влиянии свойств минеральных компонентов на структурообразование цементного камня. Установлена связь результатов физико-механических испытаний цементного камня с его микроструктурой и свойствами минеральных компонентов. Показана возможность сохранения эффективности пластифицирующих добавок за счет частичного замещения поликарбоксилатного пластификатора на более доступное химическое сырье. Разработанные комплексные органоминеральные добавки позволяют модифицировать структуру цементного камня и улучшать физико-технические свойства бетона.
 Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, грант № 18-29-19033 мк

Study of Influence of Composite Materials Components on Properties of Concrete Mixtures and Concrete in Time Dynamics

It is accepted to call concrete a special construction mix which consists of several main components – most often, these are cement, water and various fillers. As a result of grout hardening, the artificial stone, used in many areas where durability, stability and durability are required, is formed. To improve the main characteristics of concrete, various additives are added to the mix. These substances are also capable of accelerating the speed of construction and reducing the funds expenditure. It is especially important to apply additives at the installation of coverings to airfields, at the construction of moorings, roads, at the laying of pools or during other hydraulic engineering constructions, and also at the construction of monolithic industrial facilities and houses. The article deals with the composition and quantity of complex organomineral additives, the duration and conditions for the formation of composites’ structure.

Investigation of the influence of organomineral additives on the colloid-chemical properties of geocement dispersion

The object of research is the geocement dispersion of the heulandite-clinoptilolite composition of the structural formula Na 2 O × Al 2 O 3 × 6SiO 2 × 20H 2 O, modified with an organomineral additive The results of the effect of an organomineral additive on the colloidal-chemical properties of geocement dispersion are presented. Mathematical models that characterize the effect of the concentrations of constituent organomineral additives on changes in its basic physical and colloidal chemical properties are obtained: – conventional viscosity; – density; – wetting angle; – surface tension; – works of adhesion, cohesion and wetting of geocement dispersions, factors X1 ... X3 have an influence that are significant. Also, the joint effect of factors, respectively, x1x2x3, x1x2, x1x2 and x1x3 has a significant effect. The coefficients of wetting and spreading of geocement dispersions are significantly influenced only by the joint action of the factors x1x2x3. Relationship is established between the conditional viscosity and the wetting coefficient, between the wetting angle, adhesion, wetting and spreading work and between the density, surface tension and work of cohesion. The composition of the organomineral additive is optimized and the areas of permissible concentrations of its constituents are determined: – along the X1 axis, 2–2.3 % of polymer RI-551Z; – along the X2 axis, 2.1–2.5 % of microcalcite; – along the X3 axis, 4.5–6.5 % of aluminate cement, which, when introduced into a geocement dispersion, allows Na 2 O × Al 2 O 3 × 6SiO 2 × 20H 2 O to stabilize its colloidal-chemical properties. It is determined that the changes in the values of the other output parameters are tied to the change: – the conditional viscosity and their values are in the following limits: r =1.571–1.766 g/cm 3 , cos Q =0.50–0.67; – surface tension s =114–128 mN/m; – works of adhesion, wetting and cohesion, respectively, 184–204 mN/m; – coefficients of wetting and spreading -0.77–(-)0.84, -37–(-)55 mN/m.

Organo-mineral additives based on oil and gas complex waste to building materials

Organo-mineral additives based on oil and gas complex waste to building materials

Турмакс — эффективный препарат для повышения продуктивности картофеля

В течение ряда лет, характеризующихся различными гидротермическими условиями, проводили испытания органоминеральной добавки Турмакс при возделывании картофеля сорта Невский на серой лесной почве. Схема полевого опыта на площади 10 га включала 4 варианта, содержащие контроль, одно- и двукратные обработки посевов Турмаксом с концентрацией рабочего раствора 0,0025 %. Турмакс представляет собой препарат, в состав которого входят макро- и микроэлементы, янтарная, лимонная и аскорбиновая кислоты, а также продукты метаболизма ризосферных микроорганизмов. Предварительные испытания показали, что применение подкормки Турмакс эффективно для усиления роста вегетативной массы картофеля только в виде опрыскивания надземных органов, при этом происходит усиление фотосинтетической деятельности вегетативных органов, что выражается не только в увеличении площади фотосинтезирующих органов, но также и концентрации хлорофиллов a и b на единицу площади листа. Одно- и двукратная обработки вегетирующих растений дали увеличение урожайности картофеля на 8 – 43,5 %, в то время как предпосевная обработка клубней нецелесообразна. В вариантах полевого опыта после обработки препаратом Турмакс урожайность картофеля возросла на 28 – 43 %, увеличилось количество крупной и средней фракций картофеля по сравнению с контролем. Лучшие результаты получены при двукратной обработке картофеля Турмаксом — по всходам и в период бутонизации. Даже в неблагоприятные по гидротермическим условиям 2012 и 2013 гг. этот препарат дал высокий экономический эффект — окупаемость 1 руб. затрат по вариантам опыта составила 2,88 – 3,62 руб., а в оптимальные (2014 и 2015 гг.) — 2,62 – 2,98 руб.

RESEARCH OF ADHESIVE STRENGTH OF NEW CONCRETE LAYER WITH A SURFACE OF OLD CONCRETE

Concrete is a material very commonly used in modern construction, each year over 4 billion m3 of concrete is used around the world. In the recent years high-quality fine grain and other types of concrete allow giving the modern creation city buildings new architectural expressivity, meeting the requirements of the XXI century. The trend of using of these new types of concrete is also applied in the construction of tunnel systems and the subway. The fine-grained high performance concrete obtained by using a mixture of organo-mineral additives and fiber reinforcement, compares fovourably with ordinary fine-grained concrete, namely its bending and tensile strength is higher, it has good resistance to shock impacts and fatigue, as well as crack resistance, water resistance and resistance to erosion. So this type of fine-grained high performance concrete is suitable for the construction of subway tunnels and other special objects. When evaluating the concrete performance in underground rock layers subjected to complex mechanical forces, it is important to take into account the stress of metro upon departure and stopping at the stations. The article presents a new experimental method of determining the adhesion strength of fine-grained high performance concrete layer freshly poured on the surface of old concrete in the process of construction and repair of underground. The result of this method application showed that fine-grained high performance concrete is capable of skid resistance higher than 55 % compared to regular fine-grained concrete without additives.