Organizational Difficulties Research Articles

ИСТОРИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ МУЗЕЙНЫХ СОВЕТОВ В КРАЕВЕДЧЕСКИХ МУЗЕЯХ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКА КАЗАХСТАНА В 40–50-х гг. XX в.

The article «History of formation and activity of Council of Museums in museums of local history of the north-east of Kazakhstan in the 40-50s of the XX century» deals with the problem of organizing research in museums. The First All-Russian Museum Congress in 1931 contributed the transformation of museums from academic centers to cultural institutions and made scientific research impossible in museums. However, the lack of professionally trained personnel, the low level of scientific description of collections, construction of expositions, exhibitions, content of lectures and excursions, led to a gradual decline of the authority of museums. Based on the documents that were found in the funds of the State archives of Pavlodar region, Semipalatinsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk, the authors convincingly prove the flawed and erroneous attitudes of the congress. The study used archival documents on the creation of Council of Museums, their personnel composition, and main activities. It is proved that the need to revive the research activities of museums has led to new forms and methods of organizing research work. Council of Museums in local history museums of the north-east of Kazakhstan were established in the late 1940s. There were difficulties in organization due to the lack of specialists who could work in the museum on a voluntary basis. They attracted employees of party, soviet, and trade union organizations who were educated as teachers of geography and history. In special cases, managers of agriculture and industry were included. The members of the Council worked in three directions corresponding to the structure of the departments of local history museums of that time: nature, history, industry and agriculture. The Council of the Pavlodar regional Museum of Local History was registered only formally, its members did not meet and did not take any part in the activities of the museum. This was explained by the insufficient number of professional personnel, due to the lack of higher educational institutions in the region, as well as the employment of specialists in the main job. A significant number of interested specialists lived in Semipalatinsk and Ust-Kamenogorsk, forming a group of local history activists there, which had a positive impact on the creation and work of Council of Museums. Members of the councils gave lectures in the museum, went on business trips to collect exhibits, were engaged in the preparation, examination and adjustment of thematic and exposition plans, preparation of collected materials for exhibition, helped to establish the relationship of museums with administrative, industrial and public organizations. Museum employees could not perform such work on their own, due to the lack of necessary professional competencies and time. Thus, we can conclude that it is necessary to include third-party workers of science and education in the museum councils. The governing bodies and museum workers felt a lack of specialists in various fields of knowledge. The staff of the museums consisted of people without secondary, and in most cases higher education. They did not have the skills of systematization and were not familiar with the scientific methods of collecting and processing museum materials. The decisions of the Council of Museums were not official, but they were very significant and necessary. Without their activities, the museum practice of the region would not be so effective and efficient.

An employer branding strategy: developing a talent atraction model through action research

Organizational difficulties in attracting talent should alert to the need of employer brands to present characteristics differentiating them from competitors. Employer branding is a fusion area between human resources and marketing, which aims to build an organization’s reputation as a great place to work. The future of organizations depends on the quality of the workforce they can attract (Chhabra & Sharma, 2014) and people, as brands, are the most important assets in a company (Backhaus & Tikoo, 2004). This research aimed to conceive and test a talent attraction model of graduated engineers for a large business group with decades of experience in industry and automotive sectors, in Portugal. Action research was performed in two cycles, consisting in focus group, intervention (detailed organizational presentation) and a final survey with 6 questions about organizational attractiveness of the organization in study. The Employer Attractiveness Scale by Berthon, Ewing and Hah (2005) was used as a guiding paradigm. Twenty recent graduates and finalists participated, with an average age of 23, male, from Mechanical, Automotive Mechanical and Industrial Management Engineering degrees of two Oporto Schools (Portugal). Data was collected personally, by researchers on campus. NVivo Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used, and intervention improvements were introduced before the second cycle. Results showed that: (i) The most valued dimensions by participants were development and economic; (ii) Before the intervention, students didn’t know the organization well, neither in terms of business areas or size; (iii) Post-intervention, participant’s opinion about the organization improved, with an average of 6.4 (1-7 lickert scale); (iv) After the intervention 90% would consider the organization as their employer. Based on the two cycles and organizational information, a model for engineer attraction was proposed, however, it’s overall principles might be adapted and applied to other areas of talent and different organizations facing similar challenges.

Redeployment of specialist surgeons in the COVID-19 pandemic in a general hospital: critical issues and suggestions.

Background and aim:to gain experience and highlight any margins for improvement, we outlined the role played by specialist surgeons (with particular reference to orthopedic surgeons), redeployed in treating COVID-19 patients in the Emergency Department of a general hospital, with severe overcrowding due to the massive and continuous arrival of patients.Methods:“on the field” experience of the Authors is reported, followed by a narrative review of the literature, mainly on the topic of health-personnel redeployment during an emergency.Results:a brief chronological discussion of the progressive reorganization of the hospital, in relation to the progress of the epidemic in the area, is reported, with specific reference to the experience of orthopedic and other branches specialist surgeons, that was characterized by a high degree of uncertainty about what to do, worsened by organizational difficulties due to the incessant arrival of patients and subsequent overcrowding. Observations relating to the critical aspects that have emerged and the various solutions proposed or implemented, if they have been identified, as well as the problems still open, are then made and compared to current literature.Conclusions:the most significant aspect that we have tried to outline is the organizational difficulty, due to the rapid and unpredictable change in the situation: greater efficiency and flexibility, seen as the ability to overcome bureaucratic, logistical, regulatory or budgetary obstacles that prevent the rapid changes made necessary by the epidemic, could perhaps help to face better any subsequent pandemic wave, like the fierce one ongoing at the present moment (www.actabiomedica.it)

Continuity of neuro-psychomotor stimulation of children with congenital Zika syndrome.

Understand the continuity of stimulation of neuro-psychomotor development in children with congenital Zika syndrome. Descriptive-exploratory study with theoretical support in symbolic interactionism. Between August and November 2019, 12 health professionals were interviewed in depth; and to the focus group, seven caregivers of children with the syndrome. The analysis was thematic inductive. The continuation of neuro-psychomotor stimulation of children with Zika syndrome goes through: organizational difficulties (lack of doctors, professional unpreparedness, dissatisfaction and search for other services); socioenvironmental aspects (low maternal education, low socioeconomic level, difficulty in moving and lack of support); and conditions inherent to children (hospitalizations for respiratory crises, seizures, hypoactivity and social stigma). A strengthened support network with qualified human resources is necessary in order to provide comprehensive care and avoid the discontinuity of neuro-psychomotor stimulation of children with congenital Zika syndrome.

Дистанционное образование — современные реалии и перспективы развития

Researched is the problem of distance education in Russia in the context of the coronavirus pandemic that spread throughout the world in 2020. It describes and analyzes results of survey in the form of questionnaire of both Students and Lectors of Higher Educational institutions in several provincial cities of Russia. As a result of the study it was revealed that about 70% of students and more than 90% of Lectors believe, that the educational process in higher education is inappropriate to completely transfer online. Lectors noted that optimal form of organizing the educational process is combination of online and offline formats. The survey in the form of questionnaire made it possible to assess strengths and weaknesses of organization and content ofdistance education in Russian Universities, difficulties and problems that have arisen among Lectors and Students, and prospects for development of the phenomenon under study. First of all, it is necessary to note insufficient readiness of both Lectors and Students to switch to distance mode. Many organizational difficulties were associated with unstable operation of electronic educational environment, educational portals, information and communication networks, as well as with failures in the Internet. Research has shown that these issues need to be addressed over the long term. Both Students and Lectors recognize that distance learning is a good addition to existing traditional educational system, and some forms of educational work can be left online.

Process Mining as a Means of Improving the Reliability of Road Freight Transportations

The introduction of digital solutions in the automotive industry is often accompanied by a significant gap between the expectations and needs of the leaders of transport and logistics companies and the real business results achieved through the Transportation Management System. The causes of this phenomenon largely depend on the human factor, i.e. irrational actions of personnel who inefficiently use digital technology. The prerequisites for such actions are low competencies of employees, unfair attitude to work, sabotage. Accordingly, this leads to deviations in the transportation process, which can lead to violations of the conditions for the transportation of goods. From the point of view of the concept of reliability of road freight transport, this can be defined as a failure. Failures caused by the varied actions of managers when working with the Transportation Management System were extremely difficult to diagnose. Direct monitoring of managers during the working day is often fraught with various organizational difficulties, and is difficult to implement for a long time to identify ineffective staff activities. The concept of Process Mining, which has been known among scientists and researchers of information systems for more than 10 years, is currently of great interest in business. The paper examined the issues of improving and reorganizing the activities of managers of a transport company based on the mining of the TMS Autobase event log. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were made aimed at developing the digitalization of the transportation process, suggesting an increase in transportation reliability.

Organizational difficulties in institutions such as boarding schools for orphaned children in Mali

Organizational difficulties in institutions such as boarding schools for orphaned children in Mali

Research status and trend of comprehensive technology for Multi-storey transportation hub construction

With the development of China's transportation industry, a lot of expressways have been built, and Multi-storey transportation hubs are built for the interchange of high-speed. Due to the limitation of terrain and traffic, there are many spans in the interchange Multi-storey transportation hub, which has a tight construction period and a great difficulty in construction organization. This paper first sorts out the development and research of comprehensive technology of Multi-storey transportation hub construction at home and abroad, and then analyzes and summarizes the research of Multi-storey transportation hub construction at present, the application research of Swivel Construction Technology in hub project, and the application status of BIM Technology in Multi-storey transportation hub project.

Readiness of rural schoolchildrenfor delivery of norms “Ready for labor and defense”

The question of theoretical and practical readiness of rural schoolchildren to pass the norms of the All-Russian physical culture and sports complex for work and defense. The results of a questionnaire conducted among students of a rural school, as well as pedagogical testing data, are presented. The significance of the program-normative basis for the development of mass sports and the improvement of the nation is quite large. The implementation of the “Ready for Labor and Defense” complex should cover all sectors of the population, especially the younger generation. The implementation of the complex has difficulties in educational organizations, including in rural schools. The following methods were used to solve the tasks: the method of analysis of literary sources, the method of questioning (questionnaire), pedagogical testing. The study was conducted on the basis of the Andogo Secondary School Municipal budgetary educational institution (Kaduy district of the Vologda region). In total, 60 rural school students took part in the study (55 % were boys, 45 % were girls). An analysis of literary sources has shown that the problem of implementing the “TRP” program in rural schools is relevant. Identified gaps in the development of physical qualities of students. The analysis of the results of a survey of students. It has been established that the implementation of the All-Russian sports complex Ready for work and defense program in a rural school is not sufficiently effective. Not all students are involved in the process of passing standards. There are gaps in theoretical knowledge on the main issues of this program for the development of mass sports and the improvement of the nation. Students showed low interest in passing the “Ready for work and defense” standards. Based on pedagogical testing, it was revealed that the indicators of development of students' physical qualities were reduced. The study made it possible to establish that the readiness of rural schoolchildren to pass the standards of the All-Russian physical culture and sports complex for work and defense is at a low level.

The Practical Dilemma and Improvement of the Pre-litigation Procedure of Procuratorial Environmental Public Interest Litigation

The new era of environmental public interest litigation is a beautiful crystallization of the relationship between the maintenance of public interest and legal supervision in China. It is an extension of the legal supervision function assigned to the procuratorial organs by the Constitution, which can better promote national governance and safeguard the public interest of the environment. However, in practice, the imperfection of the system and extra-legal factors have induced various problems in the pre-litigation procedure of prosecutorial public interest litigation, such as the difficulty of social environmental organizations to file public interest litigation and the legitimacy of the procuratorial organs for the "performance of duties" of administrative organs. In order to further improve the pre-litigation procedure system of procuratorial environmental public interest litigation, firstly, it is clear that the focus lies on the principle of procuratorial humility according to law. Secondly, the civil public interest litigation needs to optimize the institutional arrangement of environmental protection organizationsin ecological environmental damage litigation, strengthen the linkage between procuratorial organs and social groups, and set up multiple administrative acts review standards for administrative public interest litigation, in order to help Chinese characteristics of procuratorial system of environmental public interest litigation in before litigation procedure of continuous development and improvement in practice.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19 НА ЦИФРОВУЮ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЮ УГОЛОВНОГО СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВА

A common trend in the development of criminal proceedings over the last decade has been the penetration of modern digital technology. To a certain extent, the digitalisation of criminal proceedings has been a natural consequence of a qualitative change in crime and an increase in the number of offences committed through the use of modern technology. However, the degree of digitalisation of the criminal process varies considerably from state to state. The COVID-19 pandemic that has engulfed the world has severely challenged courts and law enforcement agencies. The criminal justice system has been confronted with unforeseen challenges and new procedural tools have to be found to address them. The resolution of the contradiction between social distance and the right of citizens to access to justice forced courts to use modern information technology more frequently. However, the pandemic has also revealed organisational and regulatory difficulties that make their use difficult. The authors believe that further scientific development of the problems of digitalization of criminal proceedings will contribute to the smooth administration of justice in criminal cases, even in emergency situations and special regimes. The article analyses prospective directions of digitalization which will contribute to the optimization of criminal proceedings. These directions include application of digital technologies for detection and investigation of crimes, criminal evidence, optimization of routine processes in criminal proceedings and use of artificial intelligence in making procedural decisions. The authors emphasise that the main factor limiting the use of digital technology is the significant lag in the regulatory framework that does not allow the use of a particular technology in the due process of law. The authors propose to regulate by law the issue of determining the reasonableness of the duration of court proceedings, taking into account the epidemiological situation. In conclusion, we substantiate a system of conditions, the fulfilment of which will be a prerequisite for the productive digitalisation of Russian criminal procedure in the post-pandemic era. Key issues are suggested for further constructive scientific discussion, the results of which should be reflected in legislation.

Information and analytical support for the detection and investigation of crimes

The effectiveness of law enforcement agencies is constantly monitored by the public, and its indicator is the safety of citizens, the ability to exercise their rights and freedoms. One of the strategic resources of the life of modern society is various information. Computer networks, geographical information systems, means of tactical forecasting of crimes, numerous integrated databases are already widely applied in the activities of the law enforcement agencies. Despite this, the main information resource for forensic purposes represented by the information arrays of the forensic registration system still remains a repository of heterogeneous data, the collective use of which causes significant organizational and technical difficulties. Information and analytical support for the disclosure and investigation of crimes is aimed at obtaining an analytical information product about the structure, hierarchy, and composition of criminal groups, about the commodity and cash flows and relations of individuals and legal entities, about their joint criminal activities, about the unidentified circumstances of the events of the crime to be proven. The implementation of cumulative inspections of objects and traces on various information arrays helps to establish the missing information about the crime event.

А.М. ПОЗДНЕЕВ – ДИРЕКТОР ВОСТОЧНОГО ИНСТИТУТА И ВЛАДИВОСТОКСКОЙ МУЖСКОЙ ГИМНАЗИИ

The article reveals an important stage in the work of Alexey Matveyevich Pozdneev, the first director of Oriental Institute and head of the Vladivostok men's gymnasium. The conditions of functioning of these educational institutions, organizational and everyday difficulties are analyzed. The author explores the problem based on the materials of the central and regional archives.

Из воспоминаний Л.Я. Гуревич о журнале «Северный вестник». Статья вторая

The journal “Sevemy Vestnik”, around which relatively young Petersburg writers — A. Volynsky, N. Minsky, D. Merezhkovsky and Z. Gippius, F. Sologub — were grouped in the last years of the 19th century, was of exceptional importance for the early stage of Russian Symbolism. The article continues the previously begun publication of new materials from the archive of the publisher (since 1891) of the “Severny Vestnik”, Lyubov Gurevich. Two documents from the funds of the RGALI and the Manuscript Division of the IRL RAS — “Lovely Memories” and a note on the reorganization of the journal (1897–1898) — are presented. They are a kind of factual basis and addition to her article “Symbolism of the 1890s and the journal 'Severny Vestnik'” (presented in the first part of the publication: Literaturnyi fakt, no. 1 (19), 2021). Gurevich tells about the financial, organizational and censorship difficulties of keeping the journal and about complicated relationships in the circle of its authors and editors. The appendix contains Gurevich’s letter dated 1891 to her father where she admits that she is attracted by journalism and literary work “more than anything else”, and asks for financial help to buy out the collapsing journal and become the publisher of “Severny Vestnik” herself. Documents introduced into scientific circulation allow expanding the range of sources for studying the history of journalism and early Russian modernism.

Edukacja zdalna w opiniach młodzieży

The aim of the article is to present the opinions of students from older grades of primary school (grades V–VIII) as well as secondary school students on various aspects of remote education, such as: its organization, objective and subjective difficulties declared by students, support from the school, family and peers. A diagnostic survey and a questionnaire technique were used for the study. The research was conducted online among students from Gliwice schools, as part of the cooperation between the University of Silesia and the local community. The collected empirical material reveals the students’ opinions on remote education. Its advantages include: ease of use of digital tools and support from parents and teachers. Among the negative sides of online learning, they mention: difficulties with focusing attention, the necessity to organize one’s own work and self-discipline, decreased involvement, negative emotions (stress, nervousness, fatigue, fear of failing exams), lack of direct contact with peers. Overall, the students assessed the quality of remote education as worse compared to traditional education. The conclusions from the research became the basis for formulating recommendations for the improvement of the quality of education in similar situations.

A Model for Commercialization Strategies Success in Marketing in Iran: A Case Study of Industrial Companies in Tehran

Commercialization strategy is one of the most crucial decisions a firm makes in terms of its ability to profit from technologies developed within the firm. This study was carried out to propose a model for commercialization strategies success in marketing in Iran. This study was a descriptive survey and the survey instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. Statistical society was all of managers in industrial companies of Tehran. Statistical society was all of managers in industrial companies of Tehran. Sample size (245 persons) determination is based on the Krejcie & Morgan table and cluster random sampling method was used. After data collection, data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Reliability of research tool was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and the value of that was 0.81. Results and finding of this research showed that government policy, Legal restrictions and Organizational difficulties affect commercialization strategies success in marketing in Iran.

КРИМИНАЛИСТИЧЕСКИЙ УЧЕТ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ К ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЮ И РАСШИРЕНИЮ

Today, the information-based approach actively penetrates the investigative and litigation practice. However, its cybernation involves organizational difficulties, which make investigations in this field actual. The paper deals with the issues of forensic accounting application as an information source in criminal procedure. Forensic accounting is considered an independent doctrine in criminalistics. The paper presents the comprehension of a forensic accounting object. It is recommended to use the matrix representation of objects and their features. The study shows the prospects of combining forensic registration and accounting. The author considered new objects of forensic accounting, including digital footprints, and identified a tendency towards the formation of an integrated information-retrieval space for the tasks of investigative and litigation practice. The author analyzed the negative factors affecting forensic accounting objects and information transmission channels. To identify these factors, the author proposes to conduct a comprehensive expert study of registered objects to establish the fact of their falsification, modification, or distortion. To ensure information security, it is suggested to apply the duplication principle against the information contained in the object characteristics and physical data carriers. The positive effect is achieved by using numerous information signals transmitted in various forms through independent channels. The information systems based on the study of vein patterns, retinoscopy, the study of signs of the flexor lines pattern, odontometry, and on the signs of the auricle, as well as based on physiological, behavioral, and other dynamic characteristics of a person are recognized as promising. The author concludes on the fuzzy nature of the representation of forensic accounting objects, and to eliminate this negative factor, proposes using semantic search algorithms.

A Terrible Great Idea? COVID-19 ‘Vaccination Passports’ in the Spotlight

This article looks at central opportunities and drawbacks of the ‘passportization’ approach to governing the current health emergency. It showcases the complexity of the ‘vaccination passports’ idea, the technological and organisational difficulties expected during implementation, as well as its regrettable appeal. We provide a comprehensive overview on the ongoing discussion with analysis of arguments relating to the ethical, social and legal perspective. We submit that vaccination passports will not become the main tool in the fight with the COVID-19 crisis and are unlikely to play a positive role in the mitigation of its impact. There is no clear and straightforward connection to safety and security, while their rapid introduction might have similar consequences to opening Pandora’s box of discrimination and stigmatization.

A qualitative study of the impact of COVID 19, on health care providers for cancer patients: An original research

Introduction:In the challenging times of the COVID-19, the care of individuals with the debilitating diseases such as cancers has been an additional burden to the medical team. We aim to find out about the obstacles for the clinical care of the patients in the COVID, the questions frequently asked by cancer patients, and the medical care and support teams' general experience in taking care of cancer patients during the times of the pandemic.Materials and Methods:We conducted a Qualtrics survey that was developed by Cancer and Aging Research Group among 275 health care providers to cancer patients during. There were twenty questions in the survey. Of these 20, three open-ended questions were included that inquired about the barriers to the clinical care of cancer patients during COVID-19; the questions asked to the health care team by cancer patients or the attendants; health care teams general experience in the situations of the COVID-19. Two different reviewers performed the quality analysis for the open-ended questions after they were assigned a code. SPSS ver-23 was used for the descriptive statistics.Results:Medical services organizational difficulties and addressing necessities and support were generally reported. Hindrances to the medical health teams included the included administrative difficulties, access of the patient to the support and basic resources, uncertainties for patients' psychological and physical well-being, and teleconsultation challenges. The most common concern of the patients was the safety and the need for the treatment. Medical health care teams were seen to worry for the mental and the physical health of cancer patient. There was also reported concern for the medical team's own safety, obstruction in multi-level establishments; also the health team was seen feeling positive leadership and communications.Conclusion:The medical health provider teams felt a need for thorough support at the organizational level for cancer patients. Medical teams were expected to comprehend the short-term and long-term impact of the COVID-19 on cancer patients. It was accepted that there has been an increased workload and mental stress among the providers. Appreciating the experiences of the medical teams during the pandemic may help in the future guidance in the care of cancer patients.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CONTEXT SELF- ORGANIZATION TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

The urgency of the topic is provoked by innovative processes in the system of higher education, including increasing requirements for the professional activity of HEI teachers. The educators play a major role in the system of modernization of higher education. Thus, there is a need to improve the theoretical and methodological foundations of teachers` training in higher education institutions. The need to perform professional activities in rapidly changing and non- standard conditions raises the self-organization competence forming of a higher education teacher in professional activities.The survey results of teachers-practitioners and undergraduates on self-organization in professional activity are presented. The generalized indicators of formation of levels of self- organization competence in experimental and control groups are shown in professional activity. The difficulties of self-organization in educational work are identified, namely: insufficient development of activity planning skills; improper level of self-reflection processes, self-regulation activity; the problem of rational distribution of internal and external resources; the presence of organizational difficulties in non-standard life situations.The following components of the methodical system of future higher education teachers contextual training in self-organization during professional activity are determined: theoretical and methodical basis (educational professional program, educational and working programs, syllabi of educational disciplines, instructive-methodical materials, manuals, cases), organizational pedagogical tools, forms, methods), methods of implementation (subject-reflexive and context-design strategies). The organizational and pedagogical principles, principles and algorithm of contextual preparation of future higher education teachers to self-organization in professional activity.